Abstract: The present invention concerns the use of dendrimeric-type branched macromolecules, comprising polyoxaalkylene chains, as catalysts or coadjuvants of phase transfer catalysis reactions.

Abstract: The preparation of aromatic olefins from haloaromatics and olefins (Heck reaction) is carried out in the presence of palladium complexes as catalysts, which complexes contain heterocyclic carbenes as ligands.

Abstract: Novel alkene intermediates useful in the preparation of 1,2-dioxetanes.

Abstract: Abstract of the Disclosure: Diphenylheteroalkyl derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## where A and R.sup.1 -R.sup.6 have the meanings specified in the description, and the preparation thereof are described.The substances are suitable for controlling diseases and as cosmetic agents.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (1) ##STR1## are described wherein Y is a halogen atom or a group --OR.sup.1, wherein R.sup.1 is an optionally substituted alkyl group; X is --O--, --S-- or --N(R.sup.6)--, where R.sup.6 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R.sup.2 is an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl group; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, which may be the same or different, is each a group --(CH.sup.2).sub.n Ar, where Ar is a monocyclic or bicyclic aryl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms and n is zero or an integer 1, 2 or 3; R.sup.5 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group; and the salts, solvates, hydrates and N-oxides. Compounds according to the invention are potent, selective and orally active PDE IV inhibitors and are useful in the prophylaxis and treatment of asthma.

Abstract: Materials of the formula I: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 in each case independently of one another can be identical or different and are a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, hydroxyl group, nitro group, cyano group or monovalent, optionally substituted organic radical; R.sub.4 is a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, nitro group, cyano group or monovalent, optionally substituted organic radical; and R.sub.5 can be identical or different and is a halogen atom, hydroxyl group, nitro group, cyano group or monovalent, optionally substituted organic radical.

Abstract: Alkoxynaphthalenecarboxylic acid is produced by a process comprising the addition of 1,3-butadiene to alkoxyalkylbenzene to yield an adduct. The adduct is cyclized in the presence of an acid catalyst to alkoxyalkyltetralin. The tetralin derivative is then dehydrogenated to produce aloxyalkylnaphthalene, which is oxidized to alkoxynaphthalenecarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the general structural formula I: ##STR1## have endothelin antagonist activity and are therefore useful in treating cardiovascular disorders, such as hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, postischemic renal failure, vasospasm, cerebral and cardiac ischemia, myocardial infarction, endotoxic shock, inflammatory diseases including Raynaud's disease and asthma.

Abstract: Diaromatic compounds, characterized in that they correspond to the following general formula: ##STR1## in which: R.sub.1 is --CH.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 OH, --COR.sub.8 or --CH.sub.2 OCOR.sub.9, R.sub.8 is H, OH, --OR.sub.10, --N(rr') or alkyl, R.sub.10 is alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl, r and r' being H, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, etc., r and r' together form a heterocycle, R.sub.9 is alkyl, alkenyl or a sugar residue, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are --OR.sub.11 or --OCOR.sub.11, R.sub.11 is H, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, R.sub.3 in addition being H, R.sub.4 is H, OH, alkyl, alkoxy, F, Cl or --CF.sub.3, R.sub.5 and R.sub.7 are H, OH, alkoxy, .alpha.-substituted alkyl or .alpha.,.alpha.'-disubstituted alkyl, etc., R.sub.6 is H, OH, alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, etc., R.sub.5 and R.sub.7 cannot simultaneously be OH or alkoxy and R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 cannot simultaneously be H, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 or R.sub.6 and R.sub.

Abstract: Calixarene-based, noncentrosymmetric transition metal complexes that exhibit large second order nonlinear optical and related electro-optical properties are provided, as are materials and devices comprising the same.

Abstract: Normally liquid chlorofluoroether compositions consisting or consisting essentially of one or a selected mixture of perhalogenated chlorofluoroether compounds are provided by direct fluorination of the corresponding chloroether or chlorofluoroether precursors. The compositions are useful, for example, as heat transfer agents, blood substitutes, and solvents.

Abstract: A compound having at least one 2-hydroxy-1,3-propylidene, 2-acetoxy-1,3-propylidene, or 2-alkoxy-1,3-propylidene moiety between two benzocyclobutene end moieties is prepared by (a) contacting a diepoxide species with a benzocyclobutene species containing a functionality capable of reacting with an epoxy group, (b) contacting an epoxy-containing benzocyclobutene species with a species containing two functionalities capable of reacting with an epoxy group, (c) contacting an epoxy-containing benzocyclobutene species with a benzocyclobutene species containing a functionality capable of reacting with an epoxy group, (d) contacting epichlorohydrin with benzocyclobutene species capable of reacting with an epoxy group, or (e) contacting epihalohydrin with benzocyclobutene species and difunctional species, wherein both species contain functionalities capable of reacting with epoxy groups.

Abstract: Alkylphenyl alkyl ethers or alkylphenyl alkyl thioethers, of the formula ##STR1## where U represents O or S; and R.sub.1 -R.sub.6 each independently represent an alkyl or aryl group with 1-6 C atoms, but R.sub.1 -R.sub.5 may each independently represent a functional group other than these, particularly --COOR (R=C.sub.1-4 alkyl), --NO.sub.2, --NH.sub.2, --O--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --OH, --OH, --CHO, --H, or -halogen;R.sub.1 -R.sub.5 may be bridged by suitable bifunctional substituents, such as, e.g., --(CH.sub.2).sub.x --, or --(CH.sub.2).sub.x --Z--(CH.sub.2).sub.y -- (where Z represents a hetero atom; x=0-7 and y=0-7), or by unsaturated substituents or anellated ring systems; may be produced in high space-time yield by reacting the corresponding phenol or thiophenol with a arylalkyl carbonate at a temperature of 70.degree.-300.degree. C. under elevated or normal pressure, in the presence of a monocyclic, bicyclic, polycyclic, or acyclic amidine as a catalyst.

Abstract: Compounds having non-linear optical activity of the general formula ##STR1## wherein D and A are electron donor and acceptor groups, respectively, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are aromatic bridging groups, X and Y are preferably groups capable of partaking in polymerization reactions are suitable for use in polymer-based light modulator devices.

Abstract: A process for preparing .beta.-naphthyl benzyl ether comprises reacting .beta.-naphthol essentially in the absence of water with an alkali metal carbonate or an alkaline earth metal carbonate and benzyl chloride in an inert water-miscible solvent at from 0.degree. to 200.degree. C.

Abstract: A fluorided silica-alumina catalyst, particularly one with a silica:alumina ratio in the range of 1:1-9:1 containing from 1 to 6 weight percent fluoride, is particularly effective in the liquid phase alkylation of benzene by linear olefins to produce linear alkyl benzenes at temperatures no greater than 140.degree. C. These catalysts also are effective in the liquid phase alkylation of alkylatable aromatics generally with a variety of alkylating agents, including olefins, alcohols, and alkyl halides.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein m is 1-4; R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, Cl, Br, or I; R.sub.5 is hydrogen, lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, Cl, Br, I, lower alkoxy or lower thioalkoxy of 1-6 carbons; R.sub.6 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, Cl, Br, I, OR.sub.11, SR.sub.11, OCOR.sub.11, SCOR.sub.11, NH2, NHR.sub.11, N(R.sub.11).sub.2, NHCOR.sub.11 OR NR.sub.11 --COR.sub.11 ; R.sub.20 is independently hydrogen or lower alkyl; A is (CH.sub.2).sub.n where n is 0-5, lower branched chain alkyl having 3-6 carbons, cycloalkyl having 3-6 carbons, alkenyl having 2-6 carbons and 1 or 2 double bonds, alkynyl having 2-6 carbons and 1 or 2 triple bonds; B is hydrogen, COOH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, COOR.sub.8, CONR.sub.9 R.sub.10, --CH.sub.2 OH, CH.sub.2 OR.sub.11, CH.sub.2 OCOR.sub.11, CHO, CH(OR.sub.12).sub.2, CHOR.sub.13 O, --COR.sub.7, CR.sub.7 (OR.sub.12).sub.2, or CR.sub.7 OR.sub.13 O, where R.sub.

Abstract: Allene compounds have the formula:(CH.sub.2 .dbd.C.dbd.CH--O).sub.n --R--(A).sub.m (I)in which R is a substituted or unsubstituted mono- or polyvalent benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, azobenzene, bisphenol or polyphenyl (containing 2 to 10 benzene rings connected in line) nucleus, or a group--Ph--R.sup.1 --Ph-- (II)(in which each group Ph is a phenylene, halophenylene, alkylphenylene, cyanophenylene or alkoxyphenylene group, and the chain R.sup.1 linking the two group Ph is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 aliphatic hydrocarbon or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, the chain optionally being interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms); A is a carboxyl or sulphonyl group or a group --CH.dbd.C.dbd.CH.sub.2 ; n is an integer of from 1 to 10; m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and the sum of m and n is equal to the valence of the group R.They may be prepared by isomerization of corresponding propargyloxy compounds.

Abstract: Silica-aluminas having a sodium content less than about 0.1 weight percent show increased stability when used as a catalyst for the alkylation of aromatic compounds. Where such silica-aluminas are used as the catalyst in detergent alkylation their increased stability permits continuous alkylation to be performed at lower temperatures, as a result of which the detergent alkylate product shows an incrementally higher linearity. Fluorided silica-aluminas having a sodium content of under 0.05 weight percent are particularly advantageous.

Abstract: Intermediates to 1-phenyl-3-naphthalenyloxypropanamines which selectively inhibit serotonin uptake and are useful for treating a variety of disorders linked to decreased neurotransmission of serotonin in mammals.

Abstract: A process of preparing diaryl ethers, such as diphenyl oxide, involving dehydrating a hydroxy-substituted aromatic compound, such as phenol, over a zeolite catalyst. The preferred zeolites are dealuminated acid mordenite and dealuminated zeolite Y.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the synthesis of 2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid that utilizes 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene.

Abstract: A process for the detection of substances with hydrolase activity in a sample by mixing the sample with a hydrolase substrate and an oxidising agent, and the evaluating the resultant colour intensity, wherein, as hydrolase substrate, there is used at least one compound of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is hydrogen or an alkoxy radical,R.sup.2 is hydrogen or halogen, an amino group or an alkoxy or aralkoxy radical,R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, which can be the same or different, are hydrogen, halogen, carboxyl, a carbamoyl group, sulpho, an amino groups alkyl, an alkoxy radical, aralkoxy, alkylcarbonyl or alkoxycarbonyl, andX is a glycosyl, phosphate or acyl residue. Optionally R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5, and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 can be joined to form a ring system. At least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 must be hydrogen and at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 must not be hydrogen. Compounds in which X is .beta.-galactosyl are new.

Abstract: A method for the selective ethylation of 2-alkoxy-naphthalene compounds at the 6 position of the naphthalene nucleus is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to benzocyclobutene capped benzotrifluoride based fluoroaryl ether compounds which are useful in preparing semi-permeable membranes, and films and coatings useful in electronic applications.

Abstract: Polymerizable calixarene and oxacalixarene derivates wherein at least one aryl group of the macrocyclic ring has a phenolic side chain of the formula VII: ##STR1## wherein Z is a group containing an acrylate or methacrylate functional group. Linear polymers may be formed from these compounds by free radical polymerization at the (meth)acrylate group. Such compounds and their polymers are capable of sequestering metals.

Abstract: Non-sulphurized overbased metal salts of sulphur-free calixarenes having a substituent hydroxyl group or groups available for reaction with metal base and their preparation are claimed. The salts are useful as additives to lubricating oils by reason of their acids neutralization capability, their detergent and their antioxidant properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel farnesylated tetrahydro-naphthalenols, that inhibit HMGR activity which results in a decrease in serum total cholesterol, a decrease in LDL cholesterol levels, and inhibition of LDL oxidation. The farnesylated tetrahydro-naphthalenols of the present invention are thus useful for cholesterol/lipid lowering in cases of hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis.

Abstract: The compounds of the formula I or Ia ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkenyl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, aryloxy, fluoroalkyl, halogenoaryl, alkynyl, trialkylsilyl or a heteroaromatic radical,R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, in addition to hydrogen, have the meanings given under R.sup.1 andR.sup.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl, can be obtained in a one-stage process by reaction of a compound II ##STR2## with (substituted) cyclopentadiene in the presence of a base. The compounds I and Ia are suitable as ligands for metallocene complexes which are used as catalysts in olefin polymerization.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## and a compound represented by the formula: ##STR2## wherein R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkoxy, which is an intermediate for producing the above compound (1) are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of geminal diarylalkanes of the formula ##STR1## by Friedel-Crafts alkylation of aromatic compounds with specific aliphatic halogen compounds (addition compounds of CCl.sub.4 , to .alpha.-olefins), to new geminal diarylalkanes and the aralkyl compounds resulting as intermediates.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I): ##STR1## in which X and Y are identical and represent halogen, or X is halogen and Y is hydrogen, which comprises halogenating 2-methyl-6-methoxynaphthalene, of formula (II): ##STR2## in the presence of a free radical initiator.

Abstract: Oxidized diphenylheteroalkanes of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 and A have the meanings specified in the description, and the preparation thereof are described. The substances are suitable for controlling diseases and as cosmetic agents.

Abstract: This invention concerns compounds having the structure: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.2', R.sup.3', R.sup.4', and R.sup.5', is independently hydrogen (--H), or a hydroxyl (--OH), methoxy (--OMe), methyl (--Me), carboxaldehyde (--CHO) or phenylformazen (Ph--N.dbd.CH--) group.This invention also provides a novel process of synthesizing the compounds of the subject invention, including intermediate compounds useful in the process.The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound according to the subject invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Finally, the invention provides spermicidal methods and methods of killing or of retarding the proliferation of, cancer cells.

Abstract: The invention concerns a cycloalkane derivative of the formula I, ##STR1## wherein Ar.sup.1 is optionally substituted phenyl or naphthyl;A.sup.1 is (1-6C)alkylene, (3-6C)alkenylene, (3-6C)alkynylene or cyclo(3-6C)alkylene;Ar.sup.2 is optionally substituted phenylene, or a 6 membered heterocyclene moiety containing up to three nitrogen atoms;R.sup.1 is hydrogen, (1-6C)alkyl, (3-6C)alkenyl, (3-6C)alkynyl, cyano-(1-4C)alkyl or (2-4C)alkanoyl, or optionally substituted banzoyl; andR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together form a (3-6C)alkylene group which defines an optionally substituted ring having 4 to 7 ring atoms; or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof.The compounds of the invention are inhibitors of the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase.

Abstract: A method of forming 6-substituted-2-vinyl naphthalene from a 2-substituted naphthalene compound wherein the substituent in the 2-position is an ortho-para directing electron-donating group not reactive with hydrogen fluoride, comprises contacting the naphthalene compound and an acylating agent with substantially anhydrous hydrogen fluoride to acylate the naphthalene compound to a 6-substituted-2-acylnaphthalene compound, hydrogenating the 6-substituted-2-acylnaphthalene compound to convert the 2-acyl substituent to an alcohol substituent, dehydrating the product of hydrogenation in the presence of a free radical inhibitor to convert the alcohol substituent to an olefinic substituent, and isolating the formed 6-substituted-2-vinylnaphthalene subsequent to the dehydration.

Abstract: Diphenylheteroalkyl derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## where A and R.sup.1 -R.sup.6 have the meanings specified in the description, and the preparation thereof are described.The substances are suitable for controlling diseases and as cosmetic agents.

Abstract: Achiral fluorine-containing liquid crystal compounds are provided. The compounds comprise a fluorocarbon terminal portion and a hydrocarbon or another fluorocarbon terminal portion, the terminal portions being connected by a central core, the compounds having smectic mesophases or having latent smectic mesophases. The compounds are useful in liquid crystal display devices both along and in mixtures with other materials. Also provided is a process for preparing these compounds.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) ##STR1## its isomers and its salts in which --R.sub.1, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkoxy, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -acyloxy or hydroxyl;--R' is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl;--R" is either a polyene chain or a benzene ring are useful in cosmetics and in the treatment of various dermatological and other complaints.

Abstract: A method is provided for making certain hydroxy-terminated arylene ethers useful as spacers in liquid crystalline polyesters. There is initially formed a dicarbonyl adduct from a dihydroxyaromatic compound, such as hydroquinone and a haloarylcarbonyl compound. The adduct formed is oxidized to the corresponding diester. Hydrolysis of the diester provides the hydroxy-terminated arylene ether.

Abstract: The application describes nitrogen-containing an oxacalixarene or calixarene derivative of formula I: ##STR1## wherein m'+m"=0-8n=0-8m'.gtoreq.1/2(m'+M")3.ltoreq.m'+m"+n.ltoreq.8if n=0, m'+m".gtoreq.4R.sup.3 is H, halogen, or hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl or a substituted derivative thereof and R.sup.3 may be the same or different on each aryl group;R.sup.1 and R.sup.15 which may be the same or different are H or hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl or a substituted derivative thereof;R.sup.2 is selected from:R.sup.4 which is H, or hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl or a substituted derivative thereof, ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 which may be the same or different are H, or hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl, or a substituted derivative thereof,-OR.sup.1, wherein R.sup.1 is as defined aboveand R.sup.17 which is a residue of a hydrocarbyl, aryl, or hydrocarbylaryl group or of a substituted derivative thereof providing a bond to another oxacalixarene or calixarene derivative of formula I wherein R.

Abstract: Novel styryl-tetrahydronaphthalene and indane derivatives useful for treating neoplasms and dermatoses.

Abstract: Herbicidal .alpha.-(5-aryloxy-naphthalen-1-yl-oxy)-propionic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 stands for hydrogen, halogen, cyano or trifluoromethyl,R.sup.2 stands for hydrogen or halogen,R.sup.3 stands for halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy,R.sup.4 stands for hydrogen or halogen,R.sup.5 stands for hydrogen or halogen andZ stands for halogen, hydroxyl, amino, alkylamino, alkenylamino, alkinylamino, arylamino, aralkylamino, alkoxycarbonylalkylamino, cyanamino, dialkylamino, dialkenylamino, alkylsulphonylamino, arylsulphonylamino, hydroxylamino, alkoxyamino, hydrazino, alkylsulphonylhydrazino, arylsulphonylhydrazino, alkylthio, arylthio, aralkylthio, alkoxycarbonylalkylthio or for the --O--R.sup.6 group, wherein R.sup.6 can be various organic radicals.The starting material naphthol of the formula ##STR2## is also new.

Abstract: Novel styryl-tetrahydromaphthalene and indane derivatives useful for treating neoplasms and dermatoses.

Abstract: 1. An aromatic derivative having the formula (I) or the salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, hydroxyl, a halogen atom, or OR.sup.3 wherein R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl; A-B represents a hydrocarbon moiety having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and containing at least one double bond or a sulfur- or oxygen-containing hydrocarbon moiety having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; n is an integer of 2 to 4; X represents a group ##STR2## and Y represents a hydrogen atom; alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may be substituted with aryl; alkenyl having 2 to 5 carbon atoms which may be substituted with aryl or aryl substituted with at least one C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkoxy; aryl which may be substituted with at least one carboxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkoxycarbonyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkoxy; provided that, when R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are both hydrogen, the moiety --A--B--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --X--Y does not represent ##STR3## wherein n=2 to 4 and R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which Ar is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, naphthyl, or thienyl; and Ar.sup.1 is 3-phenoxyphenyl, 4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl, 2-methyl[1-1'-biphenyl]-3-yl, or 6-phenoxy-2-pyridyl, exhibit pyrethroid-like insecticidal and acaricidal activity and are relatively nontoxic to fish.

Abstract: Chemiluminescent 1,2-dioxetane compounds are disclosed in which the molecule is stabilized at the 3-position on the dioxetane ring against decomposition prior to the molecule's coming in contact with a labile group-removing substance (e.g., an enzyme that will cleave the labile group to cause the molecule to decompose to form at least one light-emitting fluorophore) and substituted at the 4-position on the dioxetane ring with a fused polycyclic ring-containing fluorophore moiety bearing a labile ring substituent whose point of attachment to the fused polycyclic ring, in relation to this ring's point(s) of attachment to the dioxetane ring, is such that the total number of ring atoms separating these points of attachment, including the ring atoms at the points of attachment, is an odd whole number. These odd pattern substituted compounds decompose to emit light of greater intensity and of a different wavelength than that emitted by the corresponding even pattern substituted isomers.

Abstract: Novel styryl-tetrahydromaphthalene and indane derivatives useful for treating neoplasms and dermatoses.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the preparation of diaryl ethers and diaryl sulfides by heating a phenol, a thiophenol, a .beta.-hydroxy-substituted fused armomatic ring-system compound or a .beta.-thio-substituted fused aromatic ring-system compound in the presence of thoria deposited on a neutral support.