Abstract: An open type metal cord has a plurality of cord units each constituted by at least one preformed metal wire member. The wire members within a given cord unit have the same preforming ratio but have a different ratio from that of the wire members within another cord unit. A difference between the largest preforming ratio and the smallest preforming ratio in cord units falls within the range of 0.20 to 0.40. In this case, the maximum preforming ratio possible for the wire members is 1.65 and the minimum preforming ratio possible for the wire members is 1.05. A total number of wire members constituting a metal cord according to the present invention is 3 to 5.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing thread or yarn-like material by electrostatically flocking it or covering it with fibers. Grounded base or carrier threads that are provided with adhesive are moved through an electrostatic field of high voltage, where the surfaces of the carrier threads are flocked all the way around with pretreated short fibers (flock material). During the course of producing the flocked thread or yarn, selective lengths of the carrier threads are nonuniformly flocked in an irregular sequence, with the flock material, in different flock patterns.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a denier-mixed composite yarn containing 20 weight percent or more coarse filaments whose single filament fineness is 3 deniers or more and 5 weight percent or more fine filaments whose single filament fineness is 1.5 denier or less. Part or all of the coarse filaments are of non-circular cross-section, the stress of the composite yarn at 10% elongation is 2.5 g/d or less, and the composite yarn has a particular distribution of elongation. According to such denier-mixed composite yarn, superior dry feel fullness and softness can be imparted to woven and knit fabrics.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process and product thereof, and an apparatus, for converting a twisted, continuous filament, multifilament yarn into a staple-like yarn. The process is carried out by needling the yarn with a barbed needle in order to break yarn filaments. The broken yarn filaments protrude from the yarn after the needling process. The protruding filament ends give the resulting yarn the appearance of a spun yarn.

Abstract: A twisted spun fibre yarn with interlaced plies, in which the fibres have a spiral structure having open zones and closed zones, the cohesion factor of the spun fibre yarn being less than 100 and preferably between 20 and 80, the torsion factor of the spun yarn having a value of between 25 and 40% of the torsion factor normally used in the conventional processes for a spun yarn of the same count.A method and apparatus is also described for its manufacture this involving the use of a pneumatic interlacing means and which may be used either continuously or discontinuously.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for making loop chenille type yarns and yarns produced thereby are disclosed. An elongated spindle having a tapered needle surface at one end thereof is provided. The spindle has a passage therein in communication with the needle surface for feeding a core thread to the needle surface. Effect thread is overfed to the needle location where a nose piece member cooperating with the needle aids in wrapping the effect thread about the needle to form loops. The binder yarn is fed to the needle and twisted about the core and effect threads. In a preferred embodiment, means are provided for reciprocating the nose piece relative to the needle between effect thread loop forming and effect thread non-loop forming dispositions. In this manner, "thick" and "thin" novelty yarns are provided in which the thick sections of the yarn comprise looped effect threads whereas the loops are not provided in the thin yarn sections.

Abstract: A yarn comprised of a number of threads twisted with each other is provided with a plurality of feathers, the quill portions of which are tightly inserted into twisted threads and the feather portions of which project outwardly from the twisted threads to form a bird feather-shaped covering of the yarn.

Abstract: Continuous filament yarn of textile utility has slubs formed at randomly spaced intervals along the length of the yarn, with each filament having a main body section extending along the length of the filament and at least one wing member extending from the main body section along such length, the wing member of the filament rising and falling in wave-like manner along the main body section only within the area of the aforementioned randomly spaced intervals.

Abstract: Spun-like fiber yarn with interlaced threads, in which the fibers are of the same length. The spun yarn has alternating open, relatively bulky zones and closed, relatively compact zones. The open zones have a non-twisted structure with parallel strands. In the closed zones, the fibers are interlaced and non-bonded. The open zones furthermore have free strands. The cohesion factor of the spun fiber yarns is greater than 100 and preferably being between 120 and 180. The spun yarns are produced by a process in which at least one sliver of fibers of equal lengths is fed to a drawing unit and then to at least one open single-jet interlacing nozzle fed with gaseous fluid at a pressure of between 1 and 6 bars, the angle formed by the axis of the channel for the passage of the yarn in the nozzle and the yarn being between 10.degree. and 80.degree., and the spun yarn obtained being wound up at a speed greater than 50 m/min.

Abstract: A yarn having variable denier filaments with thick and thin regions is drawn at a draw ratio selected to break filaments in the thin regions. This may be done while false-twist texturing. The resulting broken ends protrude from the yarn, giving a spun-like yarn.

Abstract: Several embodiments of reduced crosstalk ribbon cable having alternating twisted and straight sections of indefinite length are disclosed, crosstalk being reduced by differing starting positions of alternate twisted pairs, differing lay of alternate twisted pairs, and variation in lay along the length of alternate twisted pairs. A preferred embodiment uses offset starting positions, and a lay in alternate twisted pairs substantially longer than that of adjacent pairs, becoming shorter to minimize the nontwisted portion resulting from the time to bring adjacent pairs into planar alignment. An apparatus for making such cable is also disclosed, having several wire supply twisters and several second twisters, removing the twist inserted by the wire supply twisters while forming twisted pair ribbon cable sections, allowing indefinitely long twisted sections. Twisters are provided in two groups operating in opposite directions, preventing curl of the cable.

Abstract: An effect yarn and process for manufacture thereof is disclosed when the effect comprises a slub that is formed after the yarn leaves the yarn package during later knitting or weaving operations. The effect yarn is particularly useful since it processes through such operations similar to conventional air-plied yarns.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for producing a bundle of fibrous elements, at least some of which are uneven in the thickness in the axial direction thereof, namely some of which include thick portions having a larger sectional area and thin portion having a smaller sectional area. In these fibrous elements constituting the fibrous bundle, the thick portions have, in general, a higher dyeability than the thin portions, and in the fibrous bundle, these higher dyeability portions are formed substantially randomly at a distribution ratio of at least 300 portions per 10 cm of the length of the fibrous bundle. This fibrous bundle is characterized in that it apparently resembles a fibrous bundle composed of fibrous elements uniform in the thickness and dyeability.

Abstract: A steel cord composed of a plurality of material wires intertwisted, having loosely intertwisted portions and tightly intertwisted portions alternately at regular intervals so as to facilitate penetration of a rubber compound into the central part thereof throughout its whole length and to ensure stability of twist.

Abstract: A yarn for producing fabrics with a wool-like hand, by combining textured filaments with longer filaments preferably of larger average denier. The longer filaments thus protrude in loops from the yarn bundle, and have spiral cross-sections.

Abstract: Multifilament feed yarns in drawable state made from fiber-forming polyester are provided which in accordance with the invention can be processed in a combined draw and false twist process to voluminous filament yarns having individual protruding filament ends. The feed yarns must consist at least in part of filaments having a flex abrasion resistance of less than 1500 cycles and a crack index of more than 5. By using suitable spin finishes, the crack index can be varied and thus the hairiness of the voluminous filament yarns manufactured can be adjusted independently from the crimp values and the pilling behavior.

Abstract: A machine for producing chenille yarn has a winding member on which turns of effect yarn are formed. A rotating disc-shaped cutter can be moved into an operative position to cut the turns on the winding member into individual lengths of effect yarn for forming conventional chenille yarn. The cutter can also be moved to a non-operative position remote from the winding member whereby the turns of effect yarn are uncut and the chenille yarn then produced is of the boucle type. The cutter may be moved between its operative and inoperative positions during operation of the machine so that the yarn produced has alternate chenille portions and boucle portions.

Abstract: Methods of making network structures include forming on one side of a sheet of thermoplastic polymer a plurality of parallel continuous main ribs and forming on the other side of the sheet in a different direction a plurality of parallel discontinuous tie ribs. The tie ribs are discontinuous in the areas where they cross over the main ribs to eliminate any increased thickness at the cross-over points of the main ribs and tie ribs. The ribbed sheet thus formed is drawn in either one direction or in two preferably perpendicular directions to open the sheet into a network structure and to orient the main ribs and preferably also to orient the tie ribs.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bundle of fibrous elements, at least some of which are uneven in the thickness in the axial direction thereof, namely some of which include thick portions having a larger sectional area and thin portion having a smaller sectional area. In these fibrous elements constituting the fibrous bundle, the thick portions have, in general, a higher dyeability than the thin portions, and in the fibrous bundle, these higher dyeability portions are formed substantially randomly at a distribution ratio of at least 300 portions per 10 cm of the length of the fibrous bundle. This fibrous bundle is characterized in that it apparently resembles a fibrous bundle composed of fibrous elements uniform in the thickness and dyeability. Also a process and apparatus for manufacturing such fibrous bundles are disclosed.

Abstract: A bulked and entangled multifilament thermoplastic yarn and an improved process for the formation thereof which, when tufted into a fabric, presents a grass-like appearance. The yarn is made by melt spinning and water quenching filaments of a melt spinnable synthetic organic thermoplastic polymer, such as polypropylene, in a continuous process, drawing the filaments, imparting bulk and entanglement in a fluid jet entangling mechanism and taking up the thus entangled yarn on a yarn winder. Also disclosed is an improved fluid jet entangling mechanism employed in the process.

Abstract: Steel wire rope used for lifting and hauling is dangerous when stressed above the breaking point, as there is a substantial quantity of energy stored in the stretched rope and when the rope breaks the stored energy causes the broken ends to whip at high velocity, in a number of recorded cases causing fatalities, and serious damage to helicopters, cranes, vessels and vehicles. This invention discloses a steel wire rope with a strong hand elastic sleeve or sleeves which are not in longitudinal tension, and which dissipate by friction the energy stored in the broken cable, thus materially reducing the possibility of damage to the surroundings.

Abstract: A novelty yarn having a pronounced variation in linear density is obtained by passing at least one multifilament yarn through a fluid tangling zone and by alternatingly and mechanically tensioning and relaxing the yarn within the tangling zone.

Abstract: A process for forming polytetrafluoroethylene yarn by(1) forming an oriented polytetrafluoroethylene film by drawing a sintered sheet from about 5 to 30 times its original length at an elevated temperature; and(2) passing the oriented film through fibrillating means such as a high turbulent air velocity jet to form a yarn of entangled irregular shaped non-uniform staple fibrils.The yarn and woven, non-woven and knitted fabrics prepared from this yarn also are part of the invention.