Abstract: The modulus of stretch af a fibrous rope is reduced by impregnating a pluity of spaced-apart segments of the rope with an epoxy plastic thereby to reduce the modulus of stretch of the segment equal to zero after curing the plastic. The overall modulus of stretch of a re-manufactured rope taken as a whole is proportional to the ratio of the length of an impregnated segment relative to a unit length of the rope.

Abstract: An irregularly shaped glass fiber is provided which enjoys improved resiliency, and openness in pack structures. Wool packs and other wool portions having such irregularly shaped fibers may be processed directly through needling to form a non-woven material without intervening steps such as carding or blending of fibers which accompany conventional glass fiber processing operations. In a further aspect of the invention, a non-woven material including irregularly shaped fibers in a generally continuous wool tow is produced by "unwinding" a fiberglass wool pack collected by a direct forming method. Product applications include simplified, lower cost processing, and new uses of the irregularly shaped fibers produced by rotary fiberization in filtration elements, sorbants, gaskets, packings, shingles, composite structural elements, furnishings, textiles, yarns, and blown-in insulation systems.

Abstract: A PC strand is formed by twisting peripheral wires made of deformed PC steel wires around a core, and allowing rust inhibitive material of thermoplastic resin to permeate into voids defined among the core and peripheral wires by use of an extruder. Since at least one of the core and peripheral wires is made of a deformed PC steel wire having an uneven outer surface, the thermoplastic resin can smoothly permeate deep into the inside of the PC strand.

Abstract: A delustering composition for acetyl cellulose fibers is described which contains 15 to 85% by weight TiO.sub.2, 15 to 85% by weight paraffin oil and 0.5 to 10% by weight dispersing agent. Furthermore, a method for producing the delustering composition and also the use thereof for delustering acetyl cellulose fibers is described. Finally, the use of the delustered acetyl cellulose fibers in the production of cigarette filters and textile products is described.

Abstract: A chemical treating composition, treated glass-type surfaces and vinyl addition polymer compatible substrates with such treated surfaces are provided where the treating composition has at least five nonaqueous components. These components include in weight percent of the nonaqueous component the following: at least one starch in an amount from around 1 to around slightly greater than 50, at least one wax in an amount to have a ratio with the starch and a range of around 0.

Abstract: Composite flexible multilayer insulation systems (MLI) were evaluated for thermal performance and compared with currently used fibrous silica (baseline) insulation system. The systems described are multilayer insulations consisting of alternating layers of metal foil and scrim ceramic cloth or vacuum metallized polymeric films quilted together using ceramic thread. A silicon carbide thread for use in the quilting and the method of making it are also described. These systems are useful to provide lightweight thermal insulation for a variety of uses, particularly on the surface of aerospace vehicles subject to very high temperatures during flight.

Abstract: In a textile-processing operation wherein a filament is displaced longitudinally continuously past a treatment station and a liquid is applied to the moving filament at the station, a supply of the liquid is held in a container spaced from the station and connected via a conduit to an applicator at the station. Space above the liquid in the container is filled with a gas that is devoid of free oxygen and that is in direct contact with the liquid. This gas above the liquid is pressurized in the container to controlledly force the liquid from the container through the conduit to the applicator at the station. The liquid is kept out of contact with oxygen until it actually has been applied to the filament. In fact the filament is passed over a small-diameter orifice formed in a guide and the liquid is forced from the orifice. The filament directly engages the guide at the orifice and covers the orifice so that the liquid does not contact the ambient air until after it is applied to the filament.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a carbon fiber bundle includes a regular coil-shaped fiber bundle and having excellent stretch characteristic. A process for producing a coil-shaped carbon fiber bundle according to the present invention includes the steps of compositing at least two kind of pitches to spin them as single fibers, bundling the thus spun single fibers to form a fiber bundle, then infusibilizing the resulting fiber bundler under tension and carbonizing the fiber bundle.

Abstract: A cable made up of a plurality of conductors twisted together is drawn through the extrusion head of an extruder which applies a sheath of plastic or elastomeric material to the cable. From the extruder, the cable passes through a tube having a heated section in which the sheath material is cured followed by a cooling section. The sheathed cable is rotated about its axis to twist the cable. Guide wheels over which the cable passes have on their circumferences a multiplicity of pairs of rollers which are engaged by the cable and have their axes tangential to the circumference of the wheel so as to support the cable while permitting rotation of the cable about its axis. In one embodiment, a device for drawing the cable from the extruder, while twisting it, has a pair of endless belts which grip the cable between them and a motor for driving the belts. The belts and driving motor are mounted in a motor driven rotatable cage which rotates about the axis of the cable.

Abstract: A process for producing 100% angora rabbit hair yarn, which comprises chemically treating a natural angora rabbit hair to increase scale and crimp on the surface of the angora rabbit hair, whereby imparting spinnability that is similar to that of wool, applying a conventional softening agent and an antistatic agent, carding, gillinng, spinning and twisting under suitable conditions that meet the properties of the angora rabbit hair.

Abstract: A fancy yarn has a plurality of metallic foil pieces wrapped around and attached to the surface of a yarn by an adhesive. The fancy yarn is manufactured by applying an adhesive to a yarn supplied from a supply bobbin, aerially holding the yarn under tension, attaching scattered metallic foil pieces to adhesive-applied regions of the yarn, twisting the yarn with the attached metallic foil pieces or generating swirling air streams around the yarn to wrap the yarn with the attached metallic foil pieces, and hardening the adhesive to secure the wrapped metallic foil pieces to the yarn. The fancy yarn with its surface made glossy by the attached foil pieces can simply be manufactured. A fancy yarn comprising a thin yarn wrapped with foil pieces can also be manufactured with ease. A woven fabric of high ornamental effect can be produced of the fancy yarn that is used as weft or warp threads.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filament yarn of aromatic polyamides which is impregnated with solid particles of a fluorine-containing polymer and/or graphite. The solid particles are incorporated into the yarn by very uniformly distributing them over the filaments in that the solid particles are applied to the yarn from an aqueous dispersion and the yarn is subjected to a blowing treatment while feeding them at an excess feed rate or not. The yarn thus impregnated is first of all intended to be processed into a packing material or rope.

Abstract: Dental floss formed from acrylic fiber having a leader integrally connected with the fiber allowing the fiber to be placed between gaps of teeth and a gum line.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing an optical multi-fiber cable element provided with a second sheathing by extruding a loose secondary sheathing around a fiber bundle and stretching the fibers a desired extra length with respect to the sheathing, the fibers being guided in such a manner that the position of the fibers varies continuously during stretching. To produce an untwisted cable element and avoid variation in the fiber length, the secondary sheathing together with its fiber bundle is twisted around its axis after the extrusion or the sheathing to vary the twisting position of the fiber bundle as the sheathing and fibers approach the stretching step.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for locating viscous water blocking material beneath a tube in a groove of a core member of an optical cable. The material is laid into the base of the groove and the tube inserted into the groove so as to displace the material from the base and around the tube while a space between the tube and base of the groove remains filled with the material.

Abstract: A yarn untwisting device in a pneumatic yarn splicing apparatus which includes an untwisting nozzle for guiding an end of cut yarn; a gas feed device for feeding a gas stream into the nozzle; a liquid feed device for spraying liquid to the yarn end which has been sucked into the nozzle; and a liquid recovering device connected to the nozzle.

Abstract: A textured, continuous, multi-filament polyester yarn has an ethoxylated alkyl aryl alcohol based surfactant incorporated into the interfilamentary structure thereof either during the texturizing process or after the yarn has been made into a gauze-like fabric substrate. The ethoxylated alkyl aryl alcohol based surfactant is characterized in that it is water dispersible and water insoluble; has an HLB scale in the range of 7-10; is compatible with conventional wallpaper glues; is of a viscosity in the range of 50-100 SUS depending on the yarn denier; and has a smoke point greater than 350.degree. F. The yarn so treated is formed into a gauze fabric substrate and affixed to the rear surface of a sheet material such as a vinyl wallcovering. When the glue is applied to the sheet material the surfactant treatment alters the normally hydrophobic characteristics exhibited by the textured polyester yarn so that the characteristics actually become hydrophilic.

Abstract: A polyamide yarn having on the surface of the polyamide yarn a hydrophobic organic ester dip penetration regulator having a melting point greater than 27.degree. C. and convertible by conventional means into a tire cord having low stiffness and high air permeability and a process for making polymeric tire yarns is disclosed.

Abstract: In the processing of light waveguides, a method uses an overhead haul-off from a first supply reel to apply a pre-twist to the light waveguide, which is preserved during a tinting operation and while the tinted waveguide is wound in a tangential direction on a second supply reel. During further processing, in acordance with the present method, the waveguide is taken off by an overhead haul-off process from the second supply reel in a direction of haul-off which is opposite to the direction during the first overhead haul-off so that the twist produced by the second overhead haul-off is in an opposite direction and compensates for the twist produced during the first overhead haul-off operation.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for manufacturing corrosion resistant cable. In the process, a corrosion resistant, organic based, alkyl silicate-zinc coating solution is applied to wire as the wire is twisted into cable. The solution dries on the wire in air, leaving an inorganic silicate-zinc coating on the wire. The cable is then coated with a plastic. The process is particularly useful for manufacturing brake cables.

Abstract: An apparatus for the production of a yarn has a joining group provided with a frame carrying a pneumatic-joining assembly, a unit for conditioning substantially inelastic yarns and feeding them to the pneumatic-joining assembly and a unit for feeding an elastic strand to the latter. A common drive is provided with individually adjustable transmission ratios using conical pulleys and belts.

Abstract: A yarn with a smooth coating is produced by coating a yarn with a thermoplastic material in the melt state, drawing the coated yarn through a heated dye, and cooling the coating.

Abstract: Spun yarns are subjected to the vortex action of an impinging, circularly rotating fluid to lay down extending staple fibers against the yarn body while causing the yarn path to balloon and are then contacted with a melt size presented on a slower moving grooved melt size applicator. As a result of the ballooned yarn path, the yarn wipes melt size from the sides and bottom of the groove, giving the yarn a smooth, substantially continuous coating on its outside surface. Spun yarns so treated may be successfully woven as filling yarn on a water jet loom and knit as the warp yarn or as laid-in yarns on a knitting machine without excessive lint accumulation.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a composite cord, in particular for use in stringing tennis rackets, continuous fibers are twisted together while a liquid binder is applied between them. This occurs just before the fibers are twisted through a die which wipes the binder and forms a protective sheath. Cords are manufactured at reduced cost through the elimination of heating of the entire cord.

Abstract: A method of producing twisted yarn comprises precision doubling several single yarns in a precision assembly winder to form a precision package which is dyed or bleached. The yarn is thereupon twisted during withdrawal from the precision package.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of continuously impregnating and encapsulating a wire rope with a liquid polymer formed from at least two reactive components which when mixed and heated together react chemically to form the polymer. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the components are separately pumped into a mixer and then into an injection die, and a preheated wire rope is passed through the injection die. The wire rope is preheated to a temperature sufficient to initiate reaction of the components. The reaction of the components forms the liquid polymer which continuously flows into the voids or spaces of the wire rope and encapsulates the outer surface of the wire rope. The liquid polymer cures in and around the wire rope to form a unitary impregnated and encapsulated wire rope.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a yarn or sewing thread from core and effect yarns. The effect yarn is drawn at no higher than a normal drawing ratio for material from which the effect yarn is made and the effect yarn is softened by sufficient heating, in order to prevent rupturing of the effect yarn during drawing. The core or effect yarn is passed through a wetting device to aid aspiration and entanglement of the core and effect yarns in a fluid jet device. The effect yarn is overfed to the jet device to aid in the formation of a highly entangled looped yarn which is subsequently set by a heated roller while contraction of the yarn is prevented. The core yarn can also be drawn at or below its normal drawing ratio in order to aid in developing thread tenacity and ensure an acceptable elongation at break after dyeing or subsequent wet processing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for producing a synthetic multifilament yarn having enhanced bulk and hand characteristics, and which is capable of high production rates. Specifically, the invention involves advancing each of at least two continuous multifilament yarn components along respective paths of travel, with a first component being advanced at a higher speed than that of a second component. Also, the second slower yarn component is guided upwardly through a liquid bath to moisten the same, while the first faster yarn component is advanced along an essentially linear path of travel and free of contact with the liquid bath, so that the degree of tension in the faster yarn component is minimized upstream of the air jet nozzle, to thereby permit full development of the loops, coils, bows or the like in the filaments thereof in the air jet nozzle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclsoed for producing a synthetic multifilament yarn having enhanced bulk and hand characteristics, and which is capable of high production rates. Specifically, the invention involves advancing each of at least two continuous multifilament yarn components along respective paths of travel, with a first component being advanced at a higher speed than that of a second component. Also, the second slower yarn component is guided through a liquid bath to moisten the same, while the first faster yarn component is advanced along an essentially linear path of travel and free of contact with the liquid bath, so that the degree of tension in the faster yarn component is minimized upstream of the air jet nozzle, to thereby permit full development of the loops, coils, bows or the like in the filaments thereof in the air jet nozzle.

Abstract: Thermally curable wet-impregnated rovings are disclosed in which the fibers of the roving are impregnated with a liquid polyepoxide having dispersed therein a latent heat-activatable epoxy curing catalyst, such as dicyandiamide, the polyepoxide dispersion having a room temperature viscosity of from 2000 to 5000 centipoises and a tack of less than about 6 on a Thwing-Albert inkometer. The rovings are produced without organic solvent by passing a dry multifillament roving through an elevated temperature bath of the polyepoxide dispersion, this elevated temperature being insufficient to activate the curing catalyst and functioning to lower the viscosity to enable uniform impregnation. The wet rovings are stored in a supply package.

Abstract: In making synthetic rope or cable, a plurality of filaments are brought in parallelism into a core and compacted by a plurality of ribbons or tapes wound about the core under tension in opposite directions to form a uniform jacket that is torsionally stable. An outer sheath which may be urethane or other plastic material is applied to the jacket under sufficient pressure to penetrate the jacket but not the core, and then the urethane is cured. The rope or cable of the invention has a core of substantially parallel filaments free to move within the jacket of ribbons wound about the core and penetrated with the urethane or other plastic material. The method affords many advantages in speed of manufacture and cost, and provides a rope or cable of greater tensile strength and flexibility than other rope or cable constructions.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention there is provided a synthetic sewing thread of multifilament construction characterized by its ability to lessen the buildup of heat at the needle of a high speed sewing machine during the operation thereof, even during the sewing of relatively heavy weight fabrics, so as to allow the thread to be utilized as a substitute for the sewing threads conventionally required in high temperature sewing applications, such as cotton spun yarns or cotton sheathed core yarns. The thread is of substantially uniform cross section throughout, devoid of alternating thick and thin areas to provide a smooth more uniform sewing thread. The thread comprises a plurality of texturized continuous synthetic filaments, the filaments having a nonlinear crimped configuration providing bulk to the thread and being entangled with one another along the length of the thread by being directed through a fluid jet under a relatively high pressure of at least 80 p.s.i. and being further bound together by twist.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a thermoplastic encapsulated wire rope. Such thermoplastic encapsulated wire rope is quenched in a lubricant bath or spray to fill any openings in the thermoplastic with lubricant. The wire rope so produced is also part of the present invention.

Abstract: Glass fiber strand is prepared from a process so that the strand can be bulked at higher processing speeds. The process involves drawing the glass fibers from molten glass, applying an aqueous treating composition to the fibers, gathering the treated glass fibers into one or more strands and collecting the glass fiber strands onto one or more packages, drying the packages, rewinding the packages onto a second, more supportive package, steaming one or more of the second packages and drying the steamed packages so that the package has a moisture content of around 1 to about 25 weight percent. The aqueous treating composition used to treat the glass fibers in forming has one or more starches, an aqueous soluble, emulsifiable or dispersible wax wherein the amount of wax in the aqueous treating composition is less than the amount of starch, a cationic lubricant and water.

Abstract: An overcoatable machine-made braid may be formed at high-speeds and directly from producer's low-twist, single-yarns of continuous filament, inorganic materials by this process which treats the yarn prior to or during braiding with a lubricant liquid. The treatment enables such single-yarns, which tend to be brittle, to be processed on modern high-speed braiding machines without excessive fibrillation of the yarn, duplicating overcoatable braid constructions using costlier plied twisted-pair-yarns. Additionally, the treatment enables advantage to be taken of the intrinsically greater width to depth ratio of single-yarns compared to their braid-production equivalent twisted-pair-yarns. The resulting braids are lighter in weight, have a finer hand and can be more smoothly overcoated.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention there is provided a synthetic sewing thread of multifilament construction characterized by its ability to lessen the buildup of heat at the needle of a high speed sewing machine during the operation thereof, even during the sewing of relatively heavy weight fabrics, so as to allow the thread to be utilized as a substitute for the sewing threads conventionally required in high temperature sewing applications, such as cotton spun yarns or cotton sheathed core yarns. The thread comprises a plurality of texturized continuous synthetic filaments, the filaments having a nonlinear crimped configuration providing bulk to the thread and being entangled with one another along the length of the thread and being further bound together by twist. The thread has a heat protective lubricant coating applied thereto and penetrating the filament bundle.

Abstract: A method of encapsulating a cable strand formed of a plurality of bundled steel wires is carried out by forcing apart the wires of the strand with wooden wedges, and then filling the resulting gap solid with red lead paste. After this, the wedges are removed to permit the paste to coat and fill all voids between the strand wires. This operation is repeated at a plurality of circumferential positions on the strand. Then, the wedges can be driven in at an adjacent position up the strand. Next, the portion of the strand at which the red lead paste has been so applied is coated with the same paste. Finally, the cable is paint encapsulated by using a bath of red lead paint. This method is favorably carried out to protect the crotch of a suspension bridge main cable strand at a position near the strand shoe thereof.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for constructing a corrosion resistant multistrand electrical power cable or wire rope comprising a uniformly greased core wire with at least one outer wire helically applied thereover wherein corrosion inhibitor is and accurately applied to the core wire in a uniform coat immediately prior to stranding of the wires into a cable or rope.

Abstract: An aqueous sizing composition for treating glass fibers, the treated glass fiber strands and bulked yarn prepared from the treated glass fiber strands are provided to give treated glass fiber strands having an improved processability and characteristics in yarn bulking operations. The aqueous sizing composition has a modified starch that has Brabender values of gel temperature in the range of about 65.degree. C. to about 90.degree. C. with values maximum viscosity in the range of about 500 B.U. to about 1200 B.U. for a 9.5 dry percent concentration or equivalent. The aqueous sizing composition also has nonionic lubricants, wax, emulsifiers, starch plasticizer, and ester-modified amino silane coupling agent and possibly a biocide and or fungicide and cationic lubricant for treating glass fibers.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing twistless or substantially twistless yarn consisting of dry drafting a sliver, moistening the drafted sliver with a water-soluble cation-active polymer bonding agent, drafting the sliver in the web state, false twisting the sliver, activating the bonding agent by drying the sliver on a heated drum and winding the resultant yarn up on cross wound cheeses, and a yarn manufactured according to this process.

Abstract: A process for the production of reinforced rubber articles formed from polyester yarn embedded into rubber stock is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of: (1) treating the yarn with a finish composition which comprises water and a silane having the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein n=2 to 5, and (2) including from about 2 to 50 parts, per hundred parts of rubber, of silica particles in the rubber stock. The reinforced rubber article is preferably a pneumatic passenger tire which has excellent adhesion of tire cord to rubber.

Abstract: A yarn system for continuous, synthetic yarn in which is imparted a false twist by the use of a cooperating belt system. In the use of the belt system, a cooling water recirculation system is employed to purify the recirculated water so that economy of operation can be achieved. Further the system employs a plurality of filters to ensure efficient purification and distribution of the water to be purified.

Abstract: A yarn system for continuous, synthetic yarn in which is imparted a false twist by the use of a cooperating belt system. In the use of the belt system, a cooling water recirculation system is employed to purify the recirculated water so that economy of operation can be achieved.

Abstract: A fiber finish composition, a method of formulating the same, a process for treating yarn therewith and yarn so treated are all disclosed. The fiber finish composition, which is applied as an overfinish to the yarn after drawing of the yarn, comprises about 24 to 86.4 weight percent of water, about 10 to 50 weight percent of a stiffener selected from the group consisting of triazines, melamine and urea-formaldehyde resins, about 3 to 20 weight percent of a water soluble lubricant, about 0.4 to 5 weight percent of a catalyst for the stiffener, and about 0.2 to 1 weight percent of a wetting agent. Polyester yarn so treated and woven in the filling direction to form a seat belt stiffens, or reduces the pliability of, the belt to inhibit curling of the belt in the retractor housing.

Abstract: For paraffining yarn or thread with paraffin wax, a thread guide rail (3, 4) is provided before and after a rotationally mounted paraffin body (2) in the direction of travel of the thread. The paraffin body (2) is displaceable in the direction of the plane defined by thread guide rails (3, 4) and its end position can be located by a stop which bears against the end of the paraffin body (2). The stop (5) is carried by one of the thread guide rails (3, 4) which is pivotable transversely to the travel of the thread from a working position in which it can be locked by a holding device (7). In the working position the paraffin body (2) bears against the stop (5). In order to change the paraffin body, the guide rail carrying the stop (5) is pivoted so that the traveling thread is moved out of the path of the paraffin body, thereby allowing the body to be removed without interfering with the travel of the thread.

Abstract: An improved hollow string comprising a hollow core containing gelatinous oil and a wrapping thread, which is used for rackets for ball games, such as tennis, squash, badminton, etc., and into the hollow cavity of which there is charged gelatinous oil of high viscosity which is in a state of gel at normal temperature and has a melting point of 30.degree. C. or higher and fluidity at a temperature of 50.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: A process for the production of a core/mantle yarn, in which a core thread is continuously conducted through a spinning zone in a gap formed between two adjacent and oppositely moving surfaces; staple fibers are fed into the path of the core thread and come into frictional contact with the moving surfaces in said zone to spin the staple fibers about the core thread; the core thread is preferably stretched during the spinning in order to bring about a defined, predetermined elastic stretch of the core thread in the spinning zone; and the core thread has a roughened surface which may be obtained by using a staple fiber yarn or thread obtained by texturizing, weaving, twisting, etc. The invention is especially characterized by an improved adherence of the fibers of the mantle to the core thread by pre-coating the core thread with an adhesive, or preferably by preapplying colloidal silicic acid to the core thread.

Abstract: A system for preparing a composite crimped filament (2) using a nipping type false-twisting apparatus (7) which has two endless intercrossing belts (13), (16) whose working surfaces are urged against each other in their intercrossing region (17) to nip the filament yarns (2) therebetween. A liquid is applied to the yarns (2) upstream of the false twister (7) to reduce friction and heat.

Abstract: Windings of fiber compound materials are produced on a core in multicourses hereby the fiber arrangement may change from course to course. For this purpose a plurality of fiber coil carriers are arranged in sequence one after the other as viewed in the direction of core advancement. The fiber coil carriers are arranged coaxially relative to the core. The coils of fibers are supported by the fiber coil carriers. The r.p.m. of each fiber coil carrier is adjustable independently of the r.p.m. of any other coil carrier. Each r.p.m. is adjusted to be inversely proportional to the desired pitch of the fibers in the respective winding course. The direction of rotation of each coil carrier is also selectable independently of the rotational direction of any other coil carrier.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for applying liquid to a yarn running at high speed, and with a relatively low resistance being imparted to the yarn during the application. The apparatus includes a roller partially immersed in a liquid bath, and having a circumferential surface composed of alternating lands and grooves in the circumferential direction. Means are provided for rotating the roller and for guiding the running yarn tangentially across the top portion of the roller, and such that the yarn advances at a linear speed substantially greater than the peripheral speed of the roller. The yarn guiding means is adjustable to permit the extent of the contact between the yarn and the top of the roller to be varied.