Abstract: A steel cord comprises steel filaments twisted around each other in a first direction about at least one steel core filament having a wave form. The twisted filaments are individually subjected to a rotation about their own axes. This steel cord is formed by deforming the core filament into a planar wave form and twisting the core filament in a second direction to a predetermined degree. The core filaments together with the other filaments are twisted in the first direction so that the twisted filaments are individually subjected to a rotation around their own axes in the first direction.

Abstract: A steel cord for the reinforcement of rubber articles has a three-layer twisting structure comprising a core of 2 steel filaments, a middle sheath layer of 6 steel filaments and an outer sheath layer of 11 steel filaments, in which a ratio of filament diameter ds in the middle and outer sheath layers to filament diameter dc in the core (ds/dc) is within a range of 1.15-1.5 and a twisting pitch of the core is not less than 20 mm, and is used as a reinforcing member in a heavy duty pneumatic radial tire, conveyor belt and the like.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire which comprises a carcass turned up around bead cores and a belt comprising a ply of parallel hybrid cords disposed radially outside the carcass. Each hybrid cord comprises at least one aramid strand and at least one steel strand which are twisted together. The aramid strand is made of aramid fiber filaments twisted together, and the steel strand is made of a steel monofilament.

Abstract: The method of making a pre-adherized polyester filament yarn with adhesion properties for rubber includes applying a pre-adherizing agent to a polyester filament yarn having a boiling water shrinkage value of <20% while spinning it at not less than 3200 m/min, heat treating the pre-adherized polyester filament yarn with hot air on a bobbin for several days at from 50.degree. to 90.degree. C., and then subjecting the conditioned POY to a single drawing step in which the take-off speed is 1.7 to 2.2 times faster than the inlet speed. Impregnated tire cord made from the polyester filament yarn so treated has a tensile strength of 60 to 70 cN/tex and a tempered shrinkage test value at 190.degree. C. of less than 3.5%, an adhesive power of 18 to 25 daN to rubber, an appearance grade of 2.5-4.0 and a dimensional stability value of greater than 24,000 cN/tex.sup.2.

Abstract: A steel cord for the reinforcement of the carcass of a pneumatic radial tire comprises a central basic layer comprised of 1 to 4 steel filaments, at least one coaxial layer arranged around the central basic layer and comprised of many steel filaments in which these filaments are twisted in the same twisting direction at the same twisting pitch, and a wrap filament spirally wound around the coaxial layer in the same twisting direction.

Abstract: A heavy duty pneumatic tire comprises a radial carcass, and a belt comprised of at least three belt layers, in which a first belt layer contains cords inclined at a large cord angle with respect to an equatorial plane of the tire and each of a second belt layer and a third belt layer contains cords inclined at a small cord angle with respect to the equatorial plane and cords of the second and third belt layers are crossed with each other. In the tire, the first belt layer is comprised of steel cords having a 1.times.N structure (N: 2-5) and/or each of the second and third belt layers is comprised of steel cords obtained by twisting 6 sheath steel filaments each having a filament diameter of not more than 0.30 mm around a single core filament at a twisting angle of not more than 6.degree..

Abstract: A steel cord (10) adapted for the reinforcement of elastomers, comprises individual steel filaments (12, 14). Some of these steel filaments (12) have a difference in torsion saturation level in comparison with other steel filaments (14). All of the individual steel filaments have a predetermined number of residual torsions and are preferably free of residual torsions. Such a steel cord is manufactured by making use of two false twisters.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire for passenger cars and heavy duty use is disclosed, which tire has a rubber coated steel cord layer in its belt portion. The cord consists of a pair of steel filaments whose preform ratio "K" is set in the range of 2.05-K.sub.1 .ltoreq.K.sub.2 <2.50-K.sub.1. Conformance to this preform ratio "K" provides filaments with periodically alternate contact and non-contact regions longitudinally of the cord.

Abstract: A steel cord for reinforcing automobile tires is composed by intertwisting at least one material wire having small spiral-like curls and 1 to 5 straight material wires. This restricts the ratio of fracture elongation of the two kinds of material wires as well as the elongation percent of the cord at 5 kg loading and improves the stability of twist, the fatigue resistance, the penetrability of a rubber compound and the handling workability.

Abstract: Reinforcement cord for elastomeric products, in particular reinforcement cords, for use in vehicle tires comprising inner filaments (1) and at least one outer filament (2) wound helically around the inner filaments (1), characterised in that at least the outer filament (2) has a flattened cross-section and is so dimensioned and positioned that it substantially co-determines the mechanical characteristics of the reinforcement cord via line-like and/or area contact locations with the inner filaments (1).

Abstract: The invention is directed to several embodiments of metallic cord for the reinforcement of tires wherein one or more coaxial layers of metallic filaments are arranged around the metallic core filaments and twisted in the same direction at the same pitch. In one embodiment, the ratio of the diameter of the core filaments to the layer filaments is at least 1.28. In another embodiment, two of the core filaments have a first diameter and the third core filament has a second diameter smaller than the first diameter daimeter. In still another embodiment, two of the core filaments have a first diameter and a third of the core filaments has a second diameter smaller than the first diameter while the coaxial layer filaments have a third diameter equal to the second diameter. In another embodiment, the core has three core filaments twisted about each other and a coaxial layer of eight layer filaments arranged around the core filaments.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire which is provided radially outside a carcass (6) with a belt (9) made of cords (10) embedded in topping rubber, each of the belt cords comprises four steel monofilaments (12A and 12B) including one or two waved steel monofilaments (12A) and unwaved steel monofilaments (12B), the four steel monofilaments having the same diameters are compactly twisted together so as to make alternate contact portions and non-contact portions (P) with a gap (T) between at least one waved steel monofilament and the adjacent steel monofilaments, and the four steel monofilaments have the same diameter (d) of 0.2 to 0.35 mm.

Abstract: A steel cord (10) has a diameter D and includes a core strand (12) and up to nine peripheral strands (14) surrounding the core strand. The core strand (12) has a diameter D1 and the peripheral strands (14) have a diameter D2. The ratio core strand diameter to peripheral strand diameter D1/D2 is greater than a predetermined value in order to enable rubber penetration. Each strand has a center of one or more center filaments (16, 22) and two or more layers of filaments (18, 20, 24, 26) surrounding the center. The twist angle of a radially outer layer is smaller than the twist angle of a radially inner layer of the same strand. A first free space (28) ranging from 0.0015.times.D to 0.0075.times.D is provided in at least the core strand between each pair of filaments (18) of the radially most inner layer.

Abstract: A steel cord of 1+3 structure is formed by twisting three sheath steel filaments around a single core steel filament. In this case, the three sheath steel filaments are arranged so as to satisfy conditions at a section of the sheath perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the cord that a maximum angle of a triangle formed by connecting central points of the these filaments to each other is not less than 90.degree. but less than 180.degree. and an apex defining the maximum angle is always located on the same filament and a distance between the central point of this filament and the central point of the filament adjacent thereto is 1.0-1.3 times of the diameter of the filament.

Abstract: Monofilament twist for applications, such as, for example, use as a reinforcement in tires, for paper-machine junction felts, as a canopy support and for knitting, braiding or other textile operations, consisting of at least two monofilaments of synthetic material of a grist at least equal to 20 tex, assembled, twisted and thermoset and virtually free of untwisting stress. The synthetic material is preferably based on polyamide or polyester. Process for the production of twists.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite cord for reinforcing rubber comprising an organic chemical fiber cord and a high-carbon steel fine wire used by being buried in the rubber, for reinforcing rubber products such as various kinds of tires and conveyor belts. The composite cord comprises an organic chemical fiber cord wrapped by brass plated high-carbon steel fine wire.

Abstract: A reinforcement assemblage formed at least in part of continuous monofilaments of liquid crystal organic polymer or polymers, characterized by the following features:(a) the diameter D.sub.m of the monofilaments is at least equal to 40 .mu.m and less than 400 .mu.m;(b) the tenacity T.sub.a of the assemblage is greater than 80 cN/tex;(c) the secant tensile modulus M.sub.a of the assemblage is greater than 2000 cN/tex;(d) at least one of the monofilaments is practically wound helically around an axis, the acute angle .gamma. which each monofilament makes with this axis, which is assumed rectilinear, being less than 30.degree.;(e) the twist of each monofilament on itself is less than 10 turns per meter of assemblage.Articles reinforced by these assemblages, in particular automobile tires.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire, which comprises a tread portion (2) having a pair of tread edges, a pair of axially spaced bead portions (4), a pair of sidewall portions (3) extending between the tread edges and the bead portions (4), a bead core (5) disposed in each of the bead portions (4), a carcass (6) extending between the bead portions and turned up around the bead cores, a rubber tread disposed radially outside the crown portion of the carcass defining the tread portion, and a belt (7) made of at least one spirally wound belt cord (11) disposed between the carcass and the rubber tread, the belt cord (11) comprising a higher modulus strand (13A) and a lower modulus strand (14A) which are twisted together, the higher modulus strand (13A) made of at least one continuous organic filament (13) having a higher elastic modulus, the lower modulus strand (14A) made of at least one continuous organic filament (14) having a lower elastic modulus, and in a unit length of the belt cord, the length (L1) of the higher modulus fila

Abstract: A tire cord made of a multifilament yarn of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of at least 1500, the yarn having a tensile strength of at least 10 g/d and an index of hot water resistance of at least 50.

Abstract: A method of treating an aramid monofilament by plasma in such a manner that the monofilament has a wettability by water satisfying the relationship WS.sub.SL .gtoreq.120, W.sub.SL being the reversible solid-liquid adhesion work expressed in mJ/m.sup.2. By way of example, the treatment is carried out by means of a plasma at reduced pressure, and the monofilament is subjected to a coating treatment after the surface treatment. The aramid monofilament is characterized by the following relationships:1.7.ltoreq.Ti.ltoreq.260;40.ltoreq.D.ltoreq.480;T.gtoreq.170-D/3;Mi.gtoreq.2,000; andW.sub.SL .gtoreq.120.In the above relationships, Ti represents linear density in tex, D represents diameter in .mu.m (micrometers), T represents tenacity in cN/tex, and Mi represents initial modulus in cN/tex. The aramid monofilament is particularly useful for reinforcing tires.

Abstract: A tire cord and a tire, wherein the tire cord comprises three inner steel monofilaments (FC) having a smaller diameter (dc) and seven outer steel monofilaments (FB) having a larger diameter (db), both the diameters (dc) and (db) being in the range of 0.15 to 0.28 mm, the inner and outer steel monofilaments being twisted in the same direction but at different pitches, and an average gap of at least 0.03 mm is provided between the adjacent outer steel monofilaments. The tire is provided with the cords as reinforcements, e.g. carcass cords, belt cords and the like.

Abstract: A metal cord for reinforcing a rubber article is made by twisting three or more metal filaments. At least one or at most the total number minus two of the metal filaments have a larger shaping ratio in the diametrical direction of the cord than the other metal filaments. At least one of the metal filaments having a larger shaping ratio is kept out of contact at portions in the longitudinal direction with a metal filament or filaments arranged in juxtaposition at one side or both sides thereof. At least two adjacent ones of the metal filaments having a smaller shaping ratio are in contact with each other.

Abstract: Ultra-oriented, crystalline synthetic filaments with high tenacity are produced by extrusion of a fiber-forming synthetic polymer melt into a liquid isothermal bath maintained at a temperature of at least 30.degree. C. above the glass transition temperature of the polymer, withdrawing the filaments from the bath and then winding up the filaments. Polymer filaments so produced are characterized in that the ratio of the crystalline orientation factor (f.sub.c) to the amorphous orientation factor (f.sub.a) is 1.2 or less, and are further characterized in that the percent crystallinity is less than 40. The filaments also have a fine crystal size. The crystal size is less than 40 .ANG. in the 100 and 105 planes and less than 30 .ANG. in the 010 plane.

Abstract: Polyethylene terephthalate yarn is prepared by spinning under high stress conditions in the transition region between oriented-amorphous and oriented-crystalline undrawn yarns by selection of process parameters to form an undrawn yarn that is a crystalline, partially oriented yarn with a crystallinity of 3 to 15 percent and a melting point elevation of 2.degree. to 10.degree. C. The spun yarn is then hot drawn to a total draw ratio between 1.5/1 and 2.5/1 with the resulting properties: (A) a terminal modulus of at least 20 g/d, (B) a dimensional stability defined by E.sub.4.5 +FS<13.5 percent, (C) a tenacity of at least 7 grams per denier, (D) a melting point elevation of 9.degree. to 14.degree. C., and (E) an amorphous orientation function of less than 0.75. The resulting treated tire cord provides high tenacity in combination with improved dimensional stability.

Abstract: A steel cord for the reinforcement of rubber articles comprises a central basic layer comprised of 1 to 4 steel filaments, at least one coaxial layer arranged around the central basic layer and comprised of many steel filaments in which these filaments are twisted in the same twisting direction at the same twisting pitch, and a wrap filament spirally wound around the coaxial layer in the same twisting direction.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire for truck and bus comprises a carcass ply containing cords arranged substantially in a radial direction of the tire and a belt superimposed about said carcass ply and comprised of plural belt layers each containing steel cords arranged at a cord angle of 5.degree.-20.degree. with respect to an equator of the tire. In this case, the steel cord for the belt layer has a two-layer structure of a core comprised of two steel filaments and a single sheath comprised of 6-8 steel filaments and satisfies the particularly relationships on filament diameter, twisting pitch, bending rigidity, tensile strength and distance between adjoining cords.

Abstract: A stranded product is formed from a central wire and a plurality of wires helically wound around the central wire, wherein each of the wires helically wound around the central wire has a small longitudinal groove which increases the area of contact between each of the outer wires and the core wire, thus significantly reducing the internal contact stresses within the strand to extend the fatigue life of the strand without significantly reducing the bending flexibility of the strand. A plurality of stranded products in accordance with the invention can be employed in a conventional manner to form ropes, cables and the like, having an extended service life.

Abstract: A steel cord for reinforcing a high polymer material has a core formed by twisting three steel core filaments having a mutually equal diameter of 0.1 to 0.35 mm, and at least one sheath formed by twisting a plurality of steel sheath filaments having a mutually equal diameter of 0.1 to 0.35 mm and arranged around the core. The three core filaments are composed of one or two waving steel filaments each having waved portions apart from a longitudinal center line thereof, and an unwaving steel filament as a remainder. The clearances (T) between the waving steel filament and the unwaving steel filament are in a range of 0.15 to 0.6 times the diameter of the steel core filament. A sum total (M) of a mean void (m) between adjoining steel sheath filaments in each sheath is in a range of 5 to 35% of a sum total (N) of a mean center distance (n) between adjoining steel sheath filaments in each sheath.

Abstract: The dimension-stable impregnated polyester tire cord is at least 95% by weight polyethylene terephthalate and has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.70 dl/g to 0.89 dl/g for undrawn cord, a fineness of at least 1100 x 2 dtex, a dimension stability coefficient of at least 30'000 cN.sup.2 /tex.sup.2, a thermal shrinkage of about 0.8 percent measured at a temperature of 160.degree. C. with 0.1 cN/tex pre-stress and a permanent lengthening of less than 1.5 percent at a tire pressure of 2 bar and a temperature of 100.degree. C., so as to reduce shrinkage during vulcanization and in tires heated in operation and so as to provide a quieter running tire. The fatigue resistance of this polyester tire cord suffers a drop in tensile strength of less than 20 percent measured at 10.8 MC with 6 percent strain and 6 percent compression so that tires made from the polyester cord have a greater durability and increased life.

Abstract: A method of woven webs comprising tire cord splicing headers or tabbies can be stabilized against lateral (weft) distortion without the need for temples, by incorporating reinforcing weft strands of a stiff resilient yarn, i.e. a composite yarn comprising a stiff resilient core mantled with fibers, i.e. staple fibers applied by a core spinning technique.

Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate for reinforcing elastomeric polymers whereby at least part of the substrate is made of steel, said part being covered by a layer of an alloy consisting of, apart from impurities, between 4.2 and 6.5% weight of aluminum, possibly less than 0.1% of at least one element stimulating the wetting ability of the liquid alloy to the substrate and the balance zinc.

Abstract: A steel cord for reinforcement of rubber products composed of two material wires of a diameter of 0.25 to 0.40 mm and a carbon content of 0.75 to 0.88 wt % which are entwisted at a twist pitch of 9.0 to 16.0 mm and in open structure, with improved fatigue resistance, flexibility and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A metal wire for reinforcing articles made of elastomeric material, especially vehicle tires. The subject wire has a coating formed by two concentric layers of zinc-nickel or zinc-cobalt alloys, the radially inner layer of which has a zinc content greater than 90% while the radially outer layer has a nickel or cobalt content greater than 50%.

Abstract: A tire cord and a tire, wherein the tire cord comprises three inner steel monofilaments (FC) having a smaller diameter (dc) and seven outer steel monofilaments (FB) having a larger diameter (db), both the diameters (dc) and (db) being in the range of 0.15 to 0.28 mm, the inner and outer steel monofilaments being twisted in the same direction but at different pitches, and an average gap of at least 0.03 mm is provided between the adjacent outer steel monofilaments. The tire is provided with the cords as reinforcements, e.g. carcass cords, belt cords and the like.

Abstract: Metallic cord for reinforcing elastomeric articles and apparatus for making same including a round section and equal diameter filaments and a core (11) of two strands of two filaments (5,6,15,16) one strand being untwisted and the other strand having a twist and a first lay length so as to be twisted around the one strand.An outer layer (12) of filaments (21-28) twisted around the core (11) and having the same twist direction and a second lay length half of the core (11) lay length.

Abstract: A steel tire cord is composed of three to five strands twisted closely with minimum gaps between the strands. The steel tire cord is easy to handle in embedding the same in rubber to form a tire, free from corrosion and highly durable. A tire incorporates the steel tire cords which are bonded firmly to rubber in a belt layer. Tires thus fabricated are uniform in quality and highly durable. The steel tire cord is composed of three to five twisted strands arranged in a construction reducing the sectional area of spaces in the steel tire cord to a minimum. The core strands twist in helices around imaginary cylinders having axes aligned with the axis of the steel tire cord. The outside strands twist in helices around imaginary cylinders having axes aligned with the axis of the steel tire cord and having diameters greater than those of the imaginary cylinders around which the core strands twist. At least one of the strands among the component strands of the steel tire cord is crimped to form bends therein.

Abstract: A steel cord comprising a number (between 3 and 27) of element steel wires tightly twisted at a regular pitch P between 5 and 20 mm in the same direction. Each wire has a diameter d between 0.1 and 0.4 mm. At least one of the wires includes a spiral portion having a spiral pitch P1 between 0.1P and 0.7P and a spiral diameter d1 between d+2/100 mm and d+2/10 mm. At least one other wire includes a straight portion. At any cross section of the cord, 1/4 through 2/3 of the wires is/are spiral and the other wire/s is/are straight. The stretch of the cord under a load of 5 kg is between 0.10 and 0.40%. A method of producing a steel cord comprises supplying a number of element steel wires, forming at least part of at least one of the wires to be spiral, and tightly twisting the wires.

Abstract: Tires of a large size for use off-the-road with super tensile reinforcement having values of at least 4655N (1046 lbs) break strength for bunched type cord.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire for truck and bus comprises a carcass ply containing cords arranged substantially in a radial direction of the tire and a belt superimposed about said carcass ply and comprised of plural belt layers each containing steel cords arranged at a cord angle of 5.degree.-20.degree. with respect to an equator of the tire. In this case, the steel cord for the belt layer has a two-layer structure of a core comprised of two steel filaments and a single sheath comprised of 6-8 steel filaments and satisfies the particularly relationships on filament diameter, twisting pitch, bending rigidity, tensile strength and distance between adjoining cords.

Abstract: A metal cord usable for the reinforcement of rubber articles is comprised of a helically formed single wire filament having a twisting angle of 75-84.5.degree. or a bundle of two twisted metal filaments each having a twisting angle of 75-84.5.degree.. Such metal cords are preferably used as a rubber reinforcement in each part of a pneumatic tire.

Abstract: A steel cord for reinforcement of rubber products composed of two material wires of a diameter of 0.25 to 0.40 mm and a carbon content of 0.75 to 0.88 wt % which are entwisted at a twist pitch of 9.0 to 16.0 mm and in open structure, with improved fatigue resistance, flexibility and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A metal cord is formed by twisting two spirally preshaped metal filaments together with a twisting pitch P. The metal filament has not only the spiral shape formed by twisting, but retains so much of its spiral preshape as to have a pitch p equal to 0.20-0.50 times the twisting pitch and a diametric height h of 0.05-0.25 mm. The retained spiral shape is in the same rotary direction as the direction in which the filaments are twisted together.

Abstract: A steel cord (1) for the reinforcement of elastomers, especially for the reinforcement of breaker layers in a tire, said steel cord comprising two strands of at least two filaments (11, 12) each, said strands being twisted around each other and forming helicoids of a same pitch, the filaments (11) of the first strand having a pitch differing from the pitch of said helicoids and having a value of more than 300 mm, the filaments (12) of the second strand having the same pitch as said helocoids and being twisted in the same sense as said helicoids, all the filaments of both of said strands having a diameter between 0.08 and 0.45 mm, wherein the diameter of the filaments of one of said strands is at least 0.02 mm greater than the diameter of the filaments of the other of said strands. Preferably the diameter of the filaments (12) of said second strand is at least 0.02 mm greater than the diameter of the filaments (11) of said first strand.

Abstract: A steel cord includes a core layer composed of three wires, an intermediate layer composed of seven wires, and an outer layer 12 composed of 13 wires. The space ratio of the intermediate layer is in the range from 25% to 34%. and the space ratio of the outer layer is in the range from 10% to 20%. A tire is manufactured by using the steel cord.

Abstract: An assembly (100) for the reinforcing of an article of plastic and/or rubber, characterized by the following features:(a) it comprises two adjacent concentric layers (1, 2) of filaments (10, 20), the filaments (10, 20) having their axes (O.sub.1, O.sub.2) arranged, within each of the layers, substantially on a circle (C.sub.1, C.sub.2) of radius R.sub.1, R.sub.2 ; in each layer (1, 2) the filaments (10, 20) are wound in the same direction and have the same pitch (P.sub.1, P.sub.2);(b) the layers (1, 2) have the same direction of winding;(c) R.sub.1, R.sub.2, P.sub.1, P.sub.2 are in accord with the relationship:P.sub.1 >P.sub.2 >P.sub.1 .times.[1-2(R.sub.2 -R.sub.1)/R.sub.2 ].Articles reinforced by such assemblies, for instance pneumatic tires.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire comprises a belt comprised of plural belt layers, in which at least one belt layer is formed by arranging particular twisted cords, which are obtained by twisting particular filament-resin composite bodies, at a particular end count. In this tire, the weight is light, the rolling resistance and steering stability as well as the resistances to bending of belt cord in the rapid turning and breaking of belt cord in the running on bad road are considerably excellent.

Abstract: A rubber having fiber reinforcement embedded thereon. The reinforcement comprises a cylindrically braided cords of more than four and even numbered twisted yarns. Yarns are right twist oriented and left twist oriented and they are twisted in the reverse direction in an, S-twist and a Z-twist.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire is disclosed, including an annular tread having a belt incorporated therein, a pair of sidewalls which extend radially inward from both ends of the annular tread and a bead portion, provided at the inner end of each sidewall, wherein the belt includes a belt ply having a plurality of belt cords in parallel arrangement, the belt cords being formed by twisting a plurality of steel filaments or two or more strands each consisting of a plurality of steel. filaments, and at least one of said steel filaments being replaced by a filament of a shape-memory alloy which, before it is twisted either as a belt cord or as a strand which forms a belt cord, has been heat set at a predetermined heat set temperature whereby the filament has a linear shape at a temperature below the heat set temperature and has a wavy shape at a temperature at or above the heat set temperature.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire containing a steel cord/rubber composite reinforcement structure wherein the steel cord comprises a plurality of steel filaments embedded in a rubber layer.

Abstract: A steel cord has a core strand and an outer strand. The core strand includes three wire filaments located in a core portion and each having a same diameter, and nine wires located to enclose the three wires, twisted together with the three wire filaments, and each having a diameter smaller than that of each of the three wires. The outer strand has wires located to enclose the nine wires of the core strand, twisted in a direction reverse to the twisting direction of the core strand, and having a clearance between them.