Abstract: Embodiments of methods and apparatuses for producing an aromatic hydrocarbon-containing effluent are provided herein. The method comprises the step of rapidly heating a biomass-based feedstock to a first predetermined temperature of from about 300 to about 650° C. in the presence of a catalyst, hydrogen, and an organic solvent within a time period of about 20 minutes or less to form the aromatic hydrocarbon-containing effluent. The biomass-based feedstock comprises lignocellulosic material, lignin, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods and apparatuses for producing and aromatic hydrocarbon-rich effluent from a lignocellulosic material are provided herein. The method comprises the step of combining the lignocellulosic material and an aromatic hydrocarbon-rich diluent to form a slurry. Hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst is contacted with the slurry at reaction conditions to form the aromatic hydrocarbon-rich effluent.

Abstract: [Problem to be Solved]The object of the present invention is to provide an industrially favorable production process whereby adamantanes can be produced in a high yield using a catalyst, which is used for the isomerization reaction of a tricyclic saturated hydrocarbon compound having 10 or more carbon atoms, does not require a complicated waste liquid treatment operation, and makes high-yield production of adamantanes possible. [Solution] A process for producing a compound having an adamantane structure, wherein one or more catalysts selected from the following (a) to (c) are used: (a) zeolite having MWW topology; (b) delaminated MWW-type zeolite; and (c) interlayer-expanded MWW-type zeolite prepared by treatment with a metal compound.

Abstract: A method for producing alkylnaphthalenes in a reformer process unit used to reform a gasoline boiling range hydrocarbonaceous feedstock in the presence of a platinum containing supported catalyst at reforming process conditions, the method comprising spiking said feedstock with up to about 5 vol.% of an additional stream containing a substantial amount of tetralins and decalins, based on the volume of feedstock.

Abstract: A process for producing a linear unsaturated dimer of .alpha.-alkyl styrenes by heating .alpha.-alkyl styrenes in the presence of a silica-alumina catalyst, said catalyst consisting of alumina and silica in a weight ratio of 83/17.ltoreq.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 /SiO.sub.2 .ltoreq.96/4 and being substantially free of alkali is disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of producing a dibenzocycloheptene compound of the structure ##STR1## in high yields which comprises: (a) hydrogenating an anthracene derivative in the 9,10 position to form a 9,10-dihydroanthracene derivative, (b) selectively mono-carbonylating one of the hydrogens in the 9,10 position to form a monoaldehyde, (c) reducing the aldehyde to form the corresponding alcohol and (d) dehydrating and expanding the center ring to form the dibenzocycloheptene compound.