N- Or P-containing Catalyst Patents (Class 585/527)
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Patent number: 4973785Abstract: Crystalline molecular sieves having three-dimensional microporous framework structures of ELO.sub.2, AlO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2 and PO.sub.2 framework oxide units are disclosed. The molecular sieves have an empirical chemical composition on an anhydrous basis expressed by the formula:mR: (EL.sub.w Al.sub.x P.sub.y Si.sub.z)O.sub.2wherein "R" represents at least one organic templating agent present in the intracrystalline pore system; "m" represents the molar amount of "R" present per mole of (EL.sub.w Al.sub.x P.sub.y Si.sub.z)O.sub.2 ; "EL" represents at least one element capable of forming a framework oxide unit; and "w", "x", "y" and "z" represent the mole fractions of element(s) "EL", aluminum, phosphorus and silicon, respectively, present as framework oxides. Their use as adsorbents, catalysts, etc. is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 18, 1988Date of Patent: November 27, 1990Assignee: UOPInventors: Brent M. T. Lok, Bonita K. Marcus, Lawrence D. Vail, Edith M. Flanigen, Robert L. Patton, Stephen T. Wilson
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Patent number: 4882038Abstract: Crystalline molecular sieves having a three-dimensional microporous framework structures of MgO.sub.2, AlO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2 and PO.sub.2 tetrahedral units are disclosed. These molecular sieves have an empirical chemical composition on an anhydrous basis expressed by the formula:mR: (Mg.sub.w Al.sub.x P.sub.y Si.sub.z)O.sub.2wherein "R" represents at least one organic templating agent present in the intracrystalline pore system; "m" represents the molar amount of "R" present per mole of (Mg.sub.w Al.sub.x P.sub.y Si.sub.z)O.sub.2 ; and "w", "x", "y" and "z" represent the mole fractions of magnesium, aluminum, phosphorus and silicon, respectively, present as tetrahedral oxides. Their use as adsorbents, catalysts, etc. is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: February 16, 1988Date of Patent: November 21, 1989Assignee: UOPInventors: Brent M. T. Lok, Lawrence D. Vail, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 4869805Abstract: Titanium-aluminum-silicon-oxide molecular sieves are disclosed having use as molecular sieves and as catalyst compositions in hydrocarbon conversion and other processes. The molecular sieves have a unit empirical formula on an anhydrous basis ofmR: (Ti.sub.x Al.sub.y Si.sub.z)O.sub.2wherein "R" represents at least one organic+emplating agent; "m" represents the moles of "R" present per mole of (Ti.sub.x Al.sub.y Si.sub.z)O.sub.2 ; and "x", "y" and "z" represent the mole fractions of titanium, aluminum and silicon, respectively, present as tetrahedral oxides.Type: GrantFiled: July 22, 1988Date of Patent: September 26, 1989Assignee: UOPInventors: Brent M. T. Lok, Bonita K. Marcus, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 4864068Abstract: The invention involves the oligomerization of olefins using a catalyst comprising a composite structure of multiple phases, at least two of which are inorganic crystalline compositions that are contiguous and have a common crystal framework and structure, and at least one of them contains phosphorus and aluminum atoms as part of its crystalline framework structure.Type: GrantFiled: November 16, 1988Date of Patent: September 5, 1989Assignee: UOPInventor: Edwar S. Shamshoum
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Patent number: 4861457Abstract: A novel family of crystalline, microporous gallophosphate compositions is synthesized by hydrothermal crystallization at elevated temperatures from gallophosphate gels containing a molecular structure-forming template. The family comprises distinct species, each with a unique crystal structure. Calcination removed volatile extraneous matter from the intracrystalline void space and yields microporous crystalline adsorbents with pores, the dimensions of which vary, among the individual species, from about 3A to 10A in diameter. The compositions represent a new class of adsorbents of the molecular sieve type, and also exhibit properties somewhat analogous to zeolitic molecular sieves which render them useful as catalysts or catalyst based in chemical reactions such as hydrocarbon conversion.Type: GrantFiled: October 12, 1988Date of Patent: August 29, 1989Assignee: UOPInventors: Stephen T. Wilson, Naomi A. Woodard, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 4855527Abstract: A process for producing substantially linear hydrocarbons by oligomerizing a lower olefin at elevated temperature and pressure which comprises contacting the lower olefin under oligomerization/polymerization conditions with siliceous acidic ZSM-23 zeolite having Bronsted acid activity; wherein the zeolite has acidic pore activity and wherein the zeolite surface is rendered substantially inactive for acidic reactions. The zeolite surface can be neutralized by a bulky pyridine compound having an effective cross-section larger than the zeolite pore. The preferred deactivating agent is 2,4,6-collidine, which may be applied to the zeolite as a pretreatment or added with olefin feed in a continuous process.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 1989Date of Patent: August 8, 1989Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Nancy M. Page, Lewis B. Young
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Patent number: 4851106Abstract: Molecular sieve compositions having three-dimensional microporous framework structures of CrO.sub.2, AlO.sub.2 and PO.sub.2 tetrahedral oxide units are disclosed. These molecular sieves have an empirical chemical composition on an anhydrous basis expressed by the formula:mR: (Cr.sub.x Al.sub.Y P.sub.z)O.sub.2wherein "R" represents at least one organic templating agent present in the intracrystalline pore system; "m" represents the molar amount of "R" present per mole of (Cr.sub.x Al.sub.y P.sub.z)O.sub.2 ; and "x", "y" and "z" represents the mole fractions of chromium, aluminum and phosphorus, respectively, present as tetrahedral oxides. Their use as adsorbents, catalysts, etc. is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 1988Date of Patent: July 25, 1989Assignee: UOPInventors: Edith M. Flanigen, Brent M. T. Lok, Robert L. Patton, Stephen T. Wilson
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Patent number: 4846956Abstract: Crystalline molecular sieves having three-dimensional microporous framework structures of MnO.sub.2, AlO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2 and PO.sub.2 tetrahedral oxide units are disclosed. These molecular sieves have an empirical chemical composition on an anhydrous basis expressed by the formula:mR: (Mn.sub.w Al.sub.x P.sub.y Si.sub.z)O.sub.2wherein "R" represents at least one organic templating agent present in the intracrystalline pore system; "m" represents the molar amount of "R" present per mole of (Mn.sub.w Al.sub.x P.sub.y Si.sub.z)O.sub.2 ; and "w", "x", "y" and "z" represent the mole fractions of manganese, aluminum, phosphorus and silicon, respectively, present as tetrahedral oxides. Their use as adsorbents, catalysts, etc. is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 1988Date of Patent: July 11, 1989Assignee: UOPInventors: Brent M. Lok, Bonita K. Marcus, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 4824554Abstract: Crystalline molecular sieves having three-dimensional microporous framework structures of CoO.sub.2, AlO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, PO.sub.2 and tetrahedral units are disclosed. These molecular sieves have an empirical chemical composition on an anhydrous basis expressed by the formula:mR: (Co.sub.w Al.sub.x P.sub.y Si.sub.z)O.sub.2wherein "R" represents at least one organic templating agent present in the intracrystalline pore system; "m" represents the molar amount of "R" present per mole of (Co.sub.w Al.sub.x P.sub.y Si.sub.z)O.sub.2 ; and "w", "x", "y" and "z" represent the mole fractions of cobalt, aluminum, phosphorus and silicon, respectively, present as tetrahedral oxides. Their use as adsorbents, catalysts, etc. is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: January 28, 1988Date of Patent: April 25, 1989Assignee: UOPInventors: Brent M. Lok, Bonita K. Marcus, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 4789535Abstract: Molecular sieve compositions having three-dimensional microporous framework structures of LiO.sub.2, AlO.sub.2 and PO.sub.2 tetrahedral oxide units are disclosed. These molecular sieves have an empirical chemical composition on an anhydrous basis expressed by the formula:mR: (Li.sub.x Al.sub.y P.sub.z)O.sub.2wherein "R" represents at least one organic templating agent present in the intracrystalline pore system; "m" represents the molar amount of "R" present per mole of (Li.sub.x Al.sub.y P.sub.z)O.sub.2 ; and "x", "y" and "z" represent the mole fractions of lithium, aluminum and phosphorus, respectively, present as tetrahedral oxides. Their use as adsorbents, catalysts, etc. is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1986Date of Patent: December 6, 1988Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventors: Edith M. Flanigen, David A. Lesch, Brent M. T. Lok, Robert L. Patton, Stephen T. Wilson
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Patent number: 4749675Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for the selective dimerization of ethylene or of propylene into monoolefines of the type based on nickel on a silica support whose active sites are complexes of the Ni.sup.+ ion. This catalyst is characterized in that practically the whole of the nickel is present in the form of Ni.sup.+ complexes co-ordinated with the oxygen of the surface of the silica support and whose co-ordination sphere comprises one or two trialkylphosphine ligands. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of these catalysts and to a process of dimerization employing them.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1986Date of Patent: June 7, 1988Assignee: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Inventors: Daniele Olivier, Feng X. Cai, Christine Lepetit, Maggy Kermarec
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Patent number: 4724273Abstract: The invention relates to polymers and oligomers characterized in that they have been prepared from .alpha.-olefin monomers or mixtures thereof and the distances between the methyl branching points are controllable by the selection of the .alpha.-olefins and to a process for preparing said novel polymers and oligomers.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 1986Date of Patent: February 9, 1988Assignee: Studiengesellschaft Kohle mbHInventors: Gerhard Fink, Volker Mohring
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Patent number: 4717785Abstract: Phosphine impurities are effectively removed from higher olefin products containing such impurities by treatment of the olefin with a macroreticular cation exchange resin in the acid form. The invention is particularly useful in removing phosphine catalyst residues from the C.sub.6 and higher mono-olefin products of ethylene oligomerization reactions.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1986Date of Patent: January 5, 1988Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Timm E. Paxson
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Patent number: 4711969Abstract: A process for oligomerizing ethylene using a nickel ylide catalyst substituted with a sulfonato group, wherein the oligomerization is carried out in the presence of methanol and water.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 1986Date of Patent: December 8, 1987Assignee: Chevron Research CompanyInventors: David L. Beach, James J. Harrison
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Patent number: 4709112Abstract: An improved process for dimerizing lower .alpha.-olefins using a novel nickel-containing Ziegler catalyst system including(A) an organic acid salt or complex of nickel,(B) a trialkylaluminum,(C) a trivalent phosphorus compound of the formula:PR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 (I)P(NR.sup.1.sub.2).sub.3 (II)P(OR.sup.1).sub.3 (III)wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 are alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl,(D) a fluorinated isopropanol of the formula: ##STR1## wherein m and n are in 4.ltoreq.m+n.ltoreq.6, and optionally (E) a catalyst co-activator: halogenated compounds of the formulae: ##STR2## wherein X is halogen, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 are alkyl, and n is 1 to 3, and further optionally,(F) a compound selected from aliphatic alcohol and aliphatic carboxylic acid or ester thereof,which yields the dimers with high selectivity of isomers and uniformity of the catalyst without corrosion of the apparatus.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1986Date of Patent: November 24, 1987Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Hiroshi Sato, Kiyoshi Ikimi, Hideto Tojima, Mikoto Takahashi
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Patent number: 4689437Abstract: An olefin oligomerization/cooligomerization process with a catalyst comprising the reaction product of (1) a transition metal compound selected from the metals Ni, Co, Cr, Fe, Cu, (2) a catalyst activator capable of donating a hydride, alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group when the transition metal has the oxidation state of O or the transition metal compound does not have a hydride, alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group, and (3a) an organophosphorus sulfonate ligand containing one benzene ring with trivalent phosphorus P(III) group and SO.sub.3 M group at ortho-positions, or one benzene ring with CH.sub.2 --P(III) and CH.sub.2 --SO.sub.3 M groups at ortho-positions, or a bridging or fused aromatic ring system with P(III) or CH.sub.2 --P(III) group and SO.sub.3 M or CH.sub.2 --SO.sub.3 M group at adjacent positions on different rings, or any aromatic ring having the P(III) and SO.sub.3 M groups at adjacent positions, where M is H, Group IA or Group IIA metals, quarternary ammonium or phosphonium (NR.sub.4, PR.sub.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 1986Date of Patent: August 25, 1987Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventor: Rex E. Murray
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Patent number: 4686315Abstract: A process for oligomerizing ethylene using a bicomponent catalyst comprising a nickel ylide substituted with a sulfonato group and an alkyl aluminum alkoxide.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 1986Date of Patent: August 11, 1987Assignee: Chevron Research CompanyInventors: David L. Beach, Yury V. Kissin
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Patent number: 4675460Abstract: Gasoline capable of further processing into diesel fuel is produced by catalytic conversion of lower olefins, using a zeolite catalyst which has been modified by substituting a significant portion of the cation sites thereof by basic cations. A preferred catalyst comprises a zeolite and a binder, said catalyst containing at least 0.2% by weight of exchangeable basic cations. The gasoline so produced is readily converted by contact with a Friedel Crafts catalyst into a hydrocarbon product having a significant fraction boiling in the distillate range.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 1986Date of Patent: June 23, 1987Assignees: The Broken Hill Propietary Company Limited, Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research OrganizationInventors: Duncan Seddon, Sandra Bessell
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Patent number: 4634793Abstract: A process for the dimerization in the liquid phase of an aliphatic mono-olefin having 2 to about 12 carbon atoms with a catalytic system formed by combining, in the presence of water, an alcohol or a carboxylic acid,a. a palladium compound,b. a chelate ligand having as coordinating atoms at least two Group Va atoms which are connected through a chain comprising 2 to about 6 carbon atoms, andc. a compound containing an anion of an acid, except hydrohalogenic acids.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1985Date of Patent: January 6, 1987Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Eit Drent
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Patent number: 4613719Abstract: A process for oligomerizing olefins to C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 hydrocarbons comprises contacting, under suitable reaction conditions, at least one olefin having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms per molecule, free hydrogen and a catalyst composition comprising chemically bound copper, phosphorus and oxygen. Preferably, the olefin is propylene or 1-butene. The preferred catalyst composition comprises a mixture of copper(II) orthophosphate, zirconium orthophosphate and aluminum orthophosphate, preferably formed by coprecipitation.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 1985Date of Patent: September 23, 1986Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Simon G. Kukes, Gerhard P. Nowack, Robert L. Banks
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Patent number: 4535135Abstract: The invention relates to new associations of strong bases, having the following general formula:n' RLi--n MZin which: n and n' are the numbers of mols of each compound, R is an alkyl or aryl radical, M is an alkali metal chosen from amongst lithium, sodium or potassium and Z is a hydride or an inorganic amide, the ratio n/n' being between 0.2 and 50.It is preferred to use bases in which the metal of the alkali metal amide or hydride is potassium or sodium. These associations are formed very rapidly and can be applied to anionic polymerization, in particular of conjugated dienes, in a solvent of low polarity or an apolar solvent.The polymers thus obtained contain a high percentage of 1,2 or 3,4 structures.Type: GrantFiled: October 24, 1983Date of Patent: August 13, 1985Assignee: Societe Nationale des Poudres et ExplosifsInventors: Serge Lecolier, Serge Raynal
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Patent number: 4528414Abstract: The process for the oligomerization of linear and/or branched chain C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 olefins with non-zeolitic molecular sieves having a framework structure of MO.sub.2, AlO.sub.2 and PO.sub.2 tetrahedra and having an empirical chemical composition on an anhydrous basis expressed by the formulamR: (M.sub.x Al.sub.y P.sub.z)O.sub.2wherein "R" represents at least one organic templating agent present in the intracrystalline pore system; "m" represents the moles of "R" present per mole of (M.sub.x Al.sub.y P.sub.z)O.sub.2. "M" represents silicon, iron, titanium or at least one of magnesium, manganese, cobalt and zinc such being present in the form of a tetrahedral oxide; "x", "y" and "z" represent the mole fractions of "M", aluminum and phosphorous, respectively.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 1983Date of Patent: July 9, 1985Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventors: Gary N. Long, Regis J. Pellet, Jule A. Rabo
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Patent number: 4528416Abstract: An improved process for the conversion of ethylene to its linear alpha-olefin oligomers by contact with a catalytic nickel complex dissolved in a polar organic solvent. The improvement relates to the use as solvent in such a process of a mixture of certain monohydric and dihydric alcohols in specified proportions. Practice of the invention provides enhanced rate of ethylene oligomerization and/or modification of the carbon number distribution of the product oligomer mixture.Type: GrantFiled: October 9, 1984Date of Patent: July 9, 1985Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Eugene F. Lutz
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Patent number: 4528415Abstract: A novel ethylene dimerization catalyst is provided consisting essentially of a nickel compound, a phosphine compound, and an acidic compound. In addition, an improved ethylene dimerization process is provided which comprises contacting ethylene with the novel catalyst composition present, in an effective solvent, at a temperature from about 0.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. As a result of the inventive precess, high catalyst productivity and good selectivity to the desired dimerized product, 1-butene, is obtained.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 1981Date of Patent: July 9, 1985Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Ronald D. Knudsen
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Patent number: 4520222Abstract: Calcium silicate treated with an acid can be used as a polymerization catalyst or as a deodorizing agent. The acid is sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or nitric acid.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1983Date of Patent: May 28, 1985Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Robert E. Reusser, Joseph R. Kenton, Elizabeth A. Todd
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Patent number: 4518814Abstract: A novel ethylene oligomerization catalyst is provided consisting essentially of a nickel compound, a phosphine compound, and an acid. In addition, an improved ethylene oligomerization process is provided which comprises contacting ethylene with the novel catalyst composition present, in an effective solvent, at a temperature from about 0.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. As a result of the inventive process, high catalyst productivity and good selectivity to desired oligomeric products are obtained.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 1984Date of Patent: May 21, 1985Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Ronald D. Knudsen, Stephen E. Reiter
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Patent number: 4513158Abstract: Catalytically active amorphous silicas are prepared by dehydrating a silica hydrogel or precipitate prepared from an acidified aqueous silicate solution containing an amine of pK.sub.a above 10 or a cation containing either a nitrogen or phosphorus atom bonded to four carbon atoms. The resultant amorphous silica is catalytically active for, among other chemical reactions, the isomerization of ortho-xylene and the cracking of hydrocarbons.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 1984Date of Patent: April 23, 1985Assignee: Union Oil Company of CaliforniaInventors: Dean A. Young, Jeffery W. Koepke
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Patent number: 4503279Abstract: Ethylene is oligomerized to linear, alpha-olefins by reacting ethylene in liquid phase solution in the presence of a catalyst composition produced by contacting in the presence of ethylene (1) a simple divalent nickel salt, (2) a boron hydride reducing agent, and (3) an o-dihydrocarbylphosphinophenyl alcohol or lower alkyl ether.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1984Date of Patent: March 5, 1985Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: David M. Singleton
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Patent number: 4503280Abstract: Ethylene is oligomerized to a mixture of olefinic products of high linearity in the presence of a catalyst comprising an atom of nickel in complex with an olefinically unsaturated compound and an o-dihydrocarbylphosphinophenyl alcohol or lower alkyl ether ligand.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1984Date of Patent: March 5, 1985Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: David M. Singleton
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Patent number: 4490571Abstract: An oligomerization process is effected by treating olefinic hydrocarbons containing from 2 to about 6 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst comprising boron fluoride composited on an alumina support. The catalyst is treated with an additive comprising an oxygen or nitrogen-containing compound either prior to or during the process whereby the product which is obtained from the reaction will contain oligomer isomers possessing minimal branching.Type: GrantFiled: October 5, 1983Date of Patent: December 25, 1984Assignee: UOP Inc.Inventors: Mark J. O'Hara, Tamotsu Imai
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Patent number: 4487847Abstract: A novel ethylene dimerization catalyst is provided consisting essentially of a nickel compound, a phosphine compound, and an acidic compound. In addition, an improved ethylene dimerization process is provided which comprises contacting ethylene with the novel catalyst composition present, in an effective solvent, at a temperature from about 0.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. As a result of the inventive process, high catalyst productivity and good selectivity to the desired dimerized product, 1-butene, is obtained.Type: GrantFiled: July 25, 1983Date of Patent: December 11, 1984Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Ronald D. Knudsen
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Patent number: 4482640Abstract: A novel ethylene oligomerization catalyst is provided consisting essentially of a nickel compound, a phosphine compound, and an acid. In addition, an improved ethylene oligomerization process is provided which comprises contacting ethylene with the novel catalyst composition present, in an effective solvent, at a temperature from about 0.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. As a result of the inventive process, high catalyst productivity and good selectivity to desired oligomeric products are obtained.Type: GrantFiled: May 2, 1983Date of Patent: November 13, 1984Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Ronald D. Knudsen, Stephen E. Reiter
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Patent number: 4472525Abstract: Ethylene is oligomerized to a mixture of olefinic products of high linearity in the presence of a catalyst comprising an atom of nickel in complex with an olefinically unsaturated compound and an o-dihydrocarbylphosphinophenyl alcohol or lower alkyl ether ligand.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1983Date of Patent: September 18, 1984Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: David M. Singleton
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Patent number: 4436946Abstract: This invention is a process for the selective conversion of propylene and the n-butylenes to their dimers, in the presence of a heterogeneous palladium cyanide catalyst. The product dimers are predominantly of straight-chain structure.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1982Date of Patent: March 13, 1984Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Edgar J. Smutny
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Patent number: 4434313Abstract: A process for preparing linear alpha olefins and waxes having a total product M.sub.n in the range 200 to 700 comprising at least 90 mole percent linear alpha olefins which includes polymerizing an ethylene containing gas in the presence of the reaction product of a zirconium halide compound with an aluminum cocatalyst selected from the group consisting of dialkyl aluminum alkoxides or aryloxides and dialkyl aluminum disubstituted amides in the presence of a diluent at a temperature of about 50.degree. to 200.degree. C. and an ethylene pressure above about 3.5 MPa, wherein the M.sub.n of said reaction product is controlled by the molar ratio of said aluminum cocatalyst/Zr halide, said molar ratio being less than about 10.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1982Date of Patent: February 28, 1984Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Co.Inventor: Arthur W. Langer, Jr.
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Patent number: 4425226Abstract: Calcium silicate treated with an acid can be used as a polymerization catalyst or as a deodorizing agent. The acid is sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or nitric acid.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1982Date of Patent: January 10, 1984Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Robert E. Reusser, Joseph R. Kenton, Elizabeth A. Todd
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Patent number: 4410750Abstract: A process for preparing linear alpha olefins and waxes having a total product M.sub.n in the range 200 to 700 comprising at least 90 mole percent linear alpha olefins which includes polymerizing an ethylene containing gas in the presence of the reaction product of a zirconium halide compound with an aluminum cocatalyst selected from the group consisting of dialkyl aluminum alkoxides or aryloxides and dialkyl aluminum disubstituted amides in the presence of a pi base and in the presence of a diluent at a temperature of about 50.degree. to 200.degree. C. and an ethylene pressure above about 3.5 MPa, wherein the M.sub.n of said reaction product is controlled by the molar ratio of said aluminum cocatalyst/Zr halide, said molar ratio being less than about 1.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1982Date of Patent: October 18, 1983Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Co.Inventor: Arthur W. Langer, Jr.
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Patent number: 4382132Abstract: A process for the high pressure polymerization of ethylene in a reactor in the presence of conventional free radical generating initiators, wherein the initiator material is admixed with certain additives in small concentrations to lower the polymerization initiation temperature.Type: GrantFiled: June 1, 1981Date of Patent: May 3, 1983Assignee: El Paso Polyolefins CompanyInventors: Joseph M. Kelley, John J. Roderick
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Patent number: 4382153Abstract: Ethylene is oligomerizied by reacting ethylene under an elevated pressure greater than about 700 pounds per square inch gauge (4826 kPa) in methanol in contact with a nickel ylide defined by the following Formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.Type: GrantFiled: April 5, 1982Date of Patent: May 3, 1983Assignee: Gulf Research & Development CompanyInventors: David L. Beach, James J. Harrison
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Patent number: 4377719Abstract: A process for preparing 1,7-octadiene by dimerizing butadiene in the presence of a catalytic amount of palladium acetate and a tertiary phosphine, a solvent in an amount sufficient to dissolve the catalyst, a strong base and formic acid, wherein: (a) the molar ratio of the strong base to the formic acid is 1:1-2, (b) the mole ratio of tertiary phosphine to palladium is at least 1, (c) the amount of strong base present is such that the pH of the reaction medium is from 7.5 to 10.5 and (d) the solvent is at least one member selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, lower alkyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbon, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated lower aliphatic hydrocarbons, nitriles, amides, dilower alkyl ethers, lower alkyl phenyl ethers, lower alkyl esters of lower alkanoic acids, ketones and lower alkanols.Type: GrantFiled: December 13, 1978Date of Patent: March 22, 1983Assignee: Charles U. Pittman, Jr.Inventors: Charles U. Pittman, Jr., Ronald Hanes
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Patent number: 4377720Abstract: A process for preparing linear alpha olefins and waxes having a total product M.sub.n in the range 200 to 700 comprising at least 90 mole percent linear alpha olefins which includes polymerizing an ethylene containing gas in the presence of the reaction product of a zirconium halide compound with an aluminum cocatalyst selected from the group consisting of dialkyl aluminum alkoxides or aryloxides and dialkyl aluminum disubstituted amides in the presence of a diluent at a temperature of about 50.degree. to 200.degree. C. and an ethylene pressure above about 3.5 MPa, wherein the M.sub.n of said reaction product is controlled by the molar ratio of said aluminum cocatalyst/Zr halide, said molar ratio being less than about 1.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 1981Date of Patent: March 22, 1983Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Co.Inventor: Arthur W. Langer
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Patent number: 4310716Abstract: Ethylene is oligomerized by reacting ethylene in methanol under oligomerization conditions in contact with a nickel ylide defined by the following Formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.Type: GrantFiled: August 18, 1980Date of Patent: January 12, 1982Assignee: Gulf Research & Development CompanyInventors: David L. Beach, James J. Harrison
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Patent number: 4293727Abstract: Ethylene is oligomerized by contacting ethylene under oligomerization conditions with a nickel ylide defined by the following Formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.Type: GrantFiled: August 18, 1980Date of Patent: October 6, 1981Assignee: Gulf Research & Development CompanyInventors: David L. Beach, James J. Harrison
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Patent number: 4260548Abstract: Low molecular weight ethylene homo and copolymer waxes are prepared by using a combination of (1) incremental addition of free radical catalyst (2) at high temperatures up to 150.degree. C. and (3) high pressures up to 3000 psi. Preferably molten aliphatic waxes are used as the solvent.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 1979Date of Patent: April 7, 1981Assignee: Princeton Polymer LaboratoriesInventors: Donald E. Hudgin, Thomas Zawadzki
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Patent number: 4252987Abstract: Dimerization of alpha,beta-unsubstituted 1-alkenes, having at least three carbon atoms, in the presence of a catalyst comprising(a) a titanium-containing component of the formulaCp.sub.2 TiXY,wherein Cp represents an optionally alkyl-substituted cyclopentadienyl group, X represents a halogen atom or an alkyl group, and Y represents a halogen atom,(b) an alkylaluminum halide, and(c) a nitrogen Lewis base,is characterized by high reaction selectivity to certain dimer products and little formation of higher polymers.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1980Date of Patent: February 24, 1981Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Brian L. Goodall, Harry van der Heijden