Abstract: Gasoline capable of further processing into diesel fuel is produced by catalytic conversion of lower olefins, using a zeolite catalyst which has been modified by substituting a significant portion of the cation sites thereof by basic cations. A preferred catalyst comprises a zeolite and a binder, said catalyst containing at least 0.2% by weight of exchangeable basic cations. The gasoline so produced is readily converted by contact with a Friedel Crafts catalyst into a hydrocarbon product having a significant fraction boiling in the distillate range.

Abstract: A process for converting normally gaseous olefins to higher hydrocarbons by catalytic oligomerization is disclosed wherein a feedstock comprising said olefins and containing a major amount of alkane diluent is contacted with a heterogeneous acid catalyst to produce said higher hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Calcium silicate treated with an acid can be used as a polymerization catalyst or as a deodorizing agent. The acid is sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or nitric acid.

Abstract: Olefinic hydrocarbons which contain from three to about six carbon atoms may be subjected to oligomerization reactions as well as being used as alkylating agents in the alkylation of alkylatable hydrocarbons by treatment at reaction conditions in the presence of a catalyst comprising a phosphorus fluoride such as phosphorus trifluoride or phosphorus pentafluoride composited on a high surface area metal oxide such as gamma-alumina. The oligomers which are obtained in the oligomerization process will contain less branching than those which are obtained when utilizing other catalysts.

Abstract: Calcium silicate treated with an acid can be used as a polymerization catalyst or as a deodorizing agent. The acid is sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or nitric acid.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the catalytic condensation of propylene to produce C.sub.6 -plus hydrocarbons. The process consumes all of the propylene present in a mixed propane-propylene feed stream and produces a high purity propane effluent stream. The effluent of the reaction zone is flashed with the resultant vapor being recycled to the reaction zone and the remaining liquid being passed into a fractionation column. A C.sub.3 sidecut is removed from the column and stripped to remove propylene, which is returned to the column. The overhead stream of the column is also recycled to the reaction zone.

Abstract: Improved processes for polymerizing C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 olefins (e.g. propylene) comprising polymerizing olefins in the presence of a solid phosphoric acid catalyst and an alkanol. As well as catalyzing the polymerization, the catalyst also catalyzes the decomposition of the alkanol into water and olefin. The water in turn replaces water lost from the catalyst during the polymerization thus maintaining a more constant phosphoric acid strength catalyst without subjecting said catalyst to excess liquid water and substantially improving overall polymerization conversions and catalyst life.

Abstract: An improvement is disclosed in a process for the acid-catalyzed alkylation of an isoparaffin with an olefin alkylating agent. The improvement relates to an alkylation process wherein the hydrocarbon phase of the alkylation reaction mixture is introduced into a common fractionation column with a field butane stream comprising olefinic materials. The improvement comprises initially clay-treating said field butane stream.