Abstract: A device for reducing the emission of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) from transition metal-containing catalyzers for selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxides in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine by means of ammonia and/or reducing agents which split off ammonia. At least one catalyzer for oxidizing hydrocarbon-containing PCDD precursor substances and PCDF is arranged upstream of the at least one transition metal-containing SCR catalyzer and/or at least one catalyzer for degrading precursor substances for degrading the polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and/or polychlorinated dibenzofurans is arranged downstream of the at least one transition metal-containing catalyzer. The at least one catalyzer for degrading PCDD and PCDF and/or the at least one catalyzer for oxidizing hydrocarbon-containing precursor substances thereof are/is additionally active for the reduction of nitric oxides by means of ammonia.

Abstract: A multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, wherein exhaust gas outlets of a first portion of the cylinders of the engine communicate with a first exhaust gas manifold section, and the exhaust gas outlets of the remaining cylinders communicate with a second exhaust gas manifold section. An oxidation catalytic converter is disposed in the first exhaust gas manifold section for converting nitric oxide into nitrogen dioxide. A hydrolysis catalytic converter is disposed in the second exhaust gas manifold section, wherein downstream of the catalytic converters the first and second exhaust gas manifold sections discharge into a common main exhaust gas manifold, in which is disposed a further catalytic converter. Upstream of the hydrolysis catalytic converter, a reduction agent can be introduced into the second exhaust gas manifold section; ammonia is adapted to be produced from the reduction agent via the hydrolysis catalytic converter.

Abstract: A V-type engine is disposed in an engine room of a vehicle so that each cylinder bank of the V-type engine extends substantially in a vehicle length direction. Exhaust manifolds are attached to both side of the V-type engine in a vehicle width direction, respectively. Catalytic converters are attached to both gathering portions of the exhaust manifolds, respectively, in a manner that an axial line of each of the catalytic converters extends substantially in a vehicle height direction. An auxiliary component is disposed above one of the catalytic converters in the engine room. An oil pan is attached to a lower portion of the V-type engine. The one of the catalytic converters is located lateral to the oil pan. A center line of lower portion of the oil pan is shifted with respect to a center line of the vehicle in the vehicle width direction so that the lower portion of the oil pan is away from the one of the catalytic converters.

Abstract: The present invention describes an exhaust-gas purification system for an internal combustion engine made of an oxidation catalyst arranged close to the engine, a subsequent hydrocarbon adsorber and a particulate filter arranged downstream thereof and provided with another oxidation catalyst. The oxidation catalyst ensures that emission limits with respect to carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons are satisfied in normal driving mode. During operating states with exhaust-gas temperatures below about 200° C., the oxidation catalyst can no longer oxidize carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. Instead, the hydrocarbons are adsorbed by the hydrocarbon adsorber during these operating phases. In order to initiate the periodical regeneration of the particulate filter, the exhaustgas temperature of the internal combustion engine is raised by engine modifications.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an emissions treatment device for an internal combustion engine includes disposing washcoated fibers between layers of a porous substrate to form multiple substantially parallel layers with a first group of layers at least partially open along the entire length of the layer. The porous substrate may be a stainless steel mesh with the method further including washcoating the substrate prior to disposing the washcoated fibers between the layers.

Abstract: An exhaust system for discharging exhaust gases through an exhaust passageway, emitted from a multi-cylinder combustion engine mounted on a motor vehicle includes a partition plate formed therein for dividing the exhaust passageway into a plurality of juxtaposed exhaust passages and having a communicating hole defined therein, and an exhaust gas sensor positioned at a location in proximity of the communicating hole for detecting a composition of the exhaust gases.

Abstract: A V-type engine is disposed in an engine room of a vehicle so that each cylinder bank of the V-type engine extends substantially in a vehicle length direction. Exhaust manifolds are attached to both side of the V-type engine in a vehicle width direction, respectively. Catalytic converters are attached to both gathering portions of the exhaust manifolds, respectively, in a manner that an axial line of each of the catalytic converters extends substantially in a vehicle height direction. An auxiliary component is disposed above one of the catalytic converters in the engine room. An oil pan is attached to a lower portion of the V-type engine. The one of the catalytic converters is located lateral to the oil pan. A center line of lower portion of the oil pan is shifted with respect to a center line of the vehicle in the vehicle width direction so that the lower portion of the oil pan is away from the one of the catalytic converters.

Abstract: An exemplary emission treatment system for reducing gases from the exhaust of an engine includes an exhaust passage for transporting the exhaust from the engine. A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst is disposed within the passage, and an oxidation catalyst is disposed in the passage upstream of the SCR catalyst. The oxidation catalyst has noble metal, with at least 90 wt. % of the metal comprising palladium (Pd).

Abstract: Provided are catalyst composites comprising: a catalytic material on a carrier, the catalytic material comprising a precious metal selected from a palladium component and an oxygen storage component, the oxygen storage component being present in an amount of at least 10% by weight, wherein substantially all of the oxygen storage component is in intimate contact with the palladium component and the catalytic material is effective to substantially simultaneously oxidize carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons and reduce nitrogen oxides. A catalyst composite comprising: a catalytic material on a carrier, the catalytic material comprising a palladium component and a ceria-zirconia composite support, the ceria being present in an amount in the range of 10 to 70% by weight, wherein substantially all of the ceria is in intimate contact with at least a portion of the palladium component. Methods of making and using these catalysts along with systems containing these catalysts are also provided.

Abstract: An exhaust-pipe structure for a saddle-ride type vehicle includes expansion paths each having a capacity appropriate for the output capacity of a corresponding cylinder. A front exhaust pipe and a rear exhaust pipe extend from a front cylinder and a rear cylinder constituting a V-type engine, respectively. A silencer is connected to rear end portions of the front and rear exhaust pipes. As expansion chambers, the silencer is provided with a lower first chamber led from the front cylinder and an upper first chamber led from the rear cylinder. A protruding space protruding from the lower first chamber is formed so that the capacity of the lower first chamber led from the front cylinder is larger than the capacity of the upper first chamber led from the rear cylinder.

Abstract: Provided is a control device for an internal combustion engine that can execute a sulfur purge in a favorable manner under all conditions without complicating the control action or the engine structure. The process comprises detecting a temperature of the NOx catalytic converter, detecting an exhaust air fuel ratio in the catalytic converter, computing a target exhaust air fuel ratio according to a detected temperature of the NOx catalytic converter, and controlling a fuel injection valve so as to make an actual exhaust fuel ratio agree with the target exhaust air fuel ratio. If the temperature of the NOx catalytic converter is not high enough to enable a sulfur purge, a temperature increase control is executed to increase the temperature of the NOx catalytic converter by suitably changing various engine parameters.

Abstract: A plant for treating pollutants contained in the exhaust gases of an internal-combustion engine includes an exhaust line (10) with an oxidation catalyst (12), a selective catalytic reduction catalyst (16) including a chemically active porous body and an injector (54) for injecting a reducing agent into the exhaust line. The selective catalytic reduction catalyst (16) includes at least one chemically inert passage (42) for the exhaust gases flowing therethrough and a shut-off (44) controlling access of the gases to the passage.

Abstract: An aftertreatment module for use with an engine is disclosed. The aftertreatment module may have a plurality of inlets configured to direct exhaust in a first flow direction into the aftertreatment module. The aftertreatment module may also have a mixing duct configured to receive exhaust from the plurality of inlets, and a branching passage in fluid communication with the mixing duct. The branching passage may be configured to redirect exhaust from the mixing duct into separate flows that exit the aftertreatment module in a second flow direction opposite the first flow direction.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for treating diesel exhaust gases are described. The system consists of two functionalities, the first being a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst system and the second being a capture material for capturing catalyst components that have appreciable volatility under extreme exposure conditions. The SCR catalyst component is typically based on a majority phase of titania, with added minority-phase catalyst components comprising of one or more of the oxides of vanadium, silicon, tungsten, molybdenum, iron, cerium, phosphorous, copper and/or manganese vanadia. The capture material typically comprises a majority phase of high surface area oxides such as silica-stabilized titania, alumina, or stabilized alumina, for example, wherein the capture material maintains a low total fractional monolayer coverage of minority phase oxides for the duration of the extreme exposure.

Abstract: An engine is provided with a cavity so that a catalyst member can be contained within the engine when an engine head portion is attached to an engine block portion. This attachment of the engine head portion and engine block portion, which forms the engine structure, captivates the catalyst member within the cavity without the need for additional brackets and housing structures. The cavity is preferably located above or at the upper regions of first and second exhaust conduits which direct exhaust upwardly from the engine head portion toward the cavity and downwardly from the cavity within the engine block portion. The first and second exhaust conduits are preferably formed as integral structures within the engine head portion and engine block portion.

Abstract: An exhaust device of a six-cylinder engine includes first to sixth cylinders and a manifold extending from the first to sixth cylinders. The first to sixth cylinders are ignited in that order. The exhaust manifold can include first to sixth upstream exhaust pipes extending respectively from the first to sixth cylinders, first to third midway exhaust pipes extending respectively from a joined portion of extended ends of the first and fourth upstream exhaust pipes, a joined portion of extended ends of the second and fifth upstream exhaust pipes, and a joined portion of extended ends of the third and sixth upstream exhaust pipes, and a downstream exhaust pipe connecting extended ends of the first to third midway exhaust pipes to the ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a V-engine vehicle with enhanced exhaust gas purifying capacity and output performance is provided. In the exhaust system, a second bank offset from a first bank backward in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is mounted in an engine compartment (6) in front of a dash panel (5), and a first catalytic converter (28) is connected to a rear end portion of a first exhaust manifold (27) of the first bank; a second catalytic converter (30) is connected to a rear end portion of a second exhaust manifold (29) of the second bank. Furthermore, an inlet port (28a) of the first catalytic converter (28) is positioned at a frontward portion of the vehicle (1) with respect to an inlet port (30a) of the second catalytic converter (30) and the frontward angle of inclination of the center line of the first catalytic converter (28) is greater than that of the second catalytic converter (30).

Abstract: A layered three-way conversion catalyst having the capability of simultaneously catalyzing the oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and the reduction of nitrogen oxides is disclosed. Engine exhaust treatment system and methods of using the same are also provided. The catalytic material can be provided in layers such that a larger amount of oxygen storage component is provided in a downstream zone as compared to an upstream zone. For example, the upstream zone can be configured to have one, two, or three layers, and the downstream zone can be independently configured to have one, two, or three layers. In one or more embodiments, the catalyst supported on a carrier has three layers, where at least two of the layers are zoned to have an oxygen storage component being present in an upstream zone in an amount that is less than the oxygen storage component present in the downstream zone.

Abstract: A catalyst system comprising a first catalytic composition comprising, (i) a first component comprising a zeolite, and (ii) a second component comprising a homogeneous solid mixture containing at least one catalytic metal and at least one metal inorganic network; wherein the pores of the solid mixture have an average diameter in a range of about 1 nanometer to about 15 nanometers; wherein the first component and the second component form an intimate mixture. The catalyst system may further comprise a second catalytic composition and a third catalytic composition. The catalyst system may further comprise a delivery system configured to deliver a reductant and optionally a co-reductant. An exhaust system comprising the catalyst systems described herein is also provided.

Abstract: There is provided an exhaust apparatus for a vehicle. The exhaust apparatus includes a plurality of exhaust path forming members constituting an exhaust path from an exhaust port of an engine to an inlet of an exhaust muffler and connected to each other. End portions of the exhaust path forming members, made of different materials, are included in the plurality of exhaust path forming members and are connected to each other by a flange joint.

Abstract: An exhaust cooling system of an amphibious vehicle operable in land and marine modes comprises an exhaust system to be cooled, at least one air-liquid heat exchanger, and coolant liquid in thermal communication with the exhaust system to be cooled and the air-liquid heat exchanger(s) and heated by the exhaust system. When the amphibious vehicle is operated, the coolant liquid is cooled by the air-liquid heat exchanger(s). Optionally, at least one liquid-liquid heat exchanger may be provided and the coolant liquid cooled by the liquid-liquid heat exchanger(s). The vehicle may plane, and have retractable road wheels. The air-liquid heat exchanger(s) may be mounted at the front or rear of the vehicle, or elsewhere.

Abstract: A passive secondary air muffler for a small internal combustion engine. The secondary air muffler may include a venturi device and a catalytic converter. The venturi device may be in the form of a stamped sheet metal insert which, along with the outer muffler housing or shell, forms a secondary or auxiliary air intake device. The venturi device may also be formed from baffles separating an inlet chamber from an outlet chamber of the muffler. The secondary air intake device provides auxiliary or secondary air to the exhaust gas stream exiting the engine upstream of the catalytic converter to improve the efficiency of the catalytic converter. In an exemplary embodiment, the venturi device has a hemispherical cross-sectional shape or a circular cross-sectional shape taken along a plane substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the exhaust gas stream.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for utilizing engine-generated heat in a NOx-adsorber system. The apparatus may comprise a combustion device generating a heated exhaust stream. The apparatus may include a catalytic component that initiates at least one exhaust conditioning reaction within the heated exhaust stream. The catalytic component is fluidly coupled to the engine with a downpipe segment configured to preserve a minimum temperature at the catalytic component inlet based on specified operating conditions for the combustion device. The apparatus may also include a NOx-adsorber fluidly coupled to the catalytic component with a second downpipe segment.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an engine with a plurality of combustion chambers. The exhaust system includes a first emission treatment device in fluid communication with at least one of the combustion chambers so as to receive exhaust therefrom. The exhaust system further includes a second emission treatment device in fluid communication with at least one other of the combustion chambers so as to receive exhaust therefrom. The second emission treatment device is also in fluid communication with a downstream end of the first emission treatment device so as to receive exhaust therefrom.

Abstract: A particulate material removing filter for exhaust gas from a diesel engine is provided. The particulate material removing filter is formed by laminating metal laths having an oxidation catalyst layer containing a noble metal that oxidizes nitrogen oxide in exhaust gas into nitrogen dioxide. The metal laths are laminated to form a laminate in such a manner that the drawing direction of the metal lath processing differs by 90 degrees with each other.

Abstract: A system and method for the reduction of NOx emissions from combustion sources are provided. The system includes a fuel tank, fuel converter unit, condensor unit, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) unit and an engine. The condenser unit includes a generally cylindrical inner wall defining a cavity having a first lower end and a second upper end, the first lower end is configured to include a gas inlet for receiving a gas mixture from the fuel converter and the second upper end is configured to include a gas outlet in fluid communication with the SCR unit. A heat exchanger is disposed within the cavity of the condensor unit to contact the gas mixture and separate heavy hydrocarbons from light hydrocarbons, wherein the light hydrocarbons are fed to the SCR unit and the heavy hydrocarbons are condensed and either send back to the fuel tank or directly to the engine for combustion.

Abstract: A combination exhaust manifold and catalytic converter wherein the catalytic converter is in the form of a removable and replaceable cartridge mounted within an opening of an exhaust manifold. This cartridge is supported within the opening of the exhaust manifold by sealing rings and retained within the opening by a removable fastener element.

Abstract: A motor chain saw includes a housing with a housing wall, which has an opening for exhaust gases and a hood extending outside the housing through the opening, with a hood opening pointing to one side. Exhaust gases flowing from an interior of the housing in an exhaust jet (S) are guided to the outside through the opening. A fin is arranged on the opening and provides a silencer for exhaust gases directed towards a flow direction of the exhaust jet (S) escaping from the hood.

Abstract: A Cr trapping agent is disposed so that it contacts with constituting components of the substrate containing Cr. As the Cr trapping agent, an element or Ag is used, wherein the element is stronger in basicity than alkali metals or alkaline earth metals. Since the Cr trapping agent prevents transfer of Cr towards the alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, the reaction between Cr and alkali metals or alkaline earth metals is prevented.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment device for internal combustion engines and the like includes inlet and outlet end caps, two catalyst substrates, and a two-piece housing. A first, cylindrically-shaped housing member has a hollow interior in which one of the substrates is retained, a first end sealingly connected with the inlet end cap, and an opposite second end with a radially reduced section. A second cylindrically-shaped housing member has a hollow interior in which the other one of the substrates is retained, a first end sealingly connected with the outlet end cap, and an opposite second end with a radially enlarged section sized to receive therein the second end of the first housing member, whereby the reduced section of the first housing member and the enlarge section of the second housing member are spaced radially apart a predetermined distance to define an annularly-shaped space or gap which thermally insulates the associated portion of the exhaust gas treatment device.

Abstract: A layered, three-way conversion catalyst having the capability of simultaneously catalyzing the oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and the reduction of nitrogen oxides is disclosed. In one or more embodiments, the catalyst comprises three layers in conjunction with a carrier: a first layer deposited on the carrier and comprising palladium deposited on a refractory metal oxide and an oxygen storage component; a second layer deposited on the first layer and comprising rhodium deposited on a refractory metal oxide and an oxygen storage component; and a third layer deposited on the second layer and comprising palladium deposited on a refractory metal oxide.

Abstract: An end cap for an exhaust treatment device is disclosed. The end cap has a cylindrical housing with an axial direction, a radial direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction, a first open end, and a second closed end opposing the first open end in the axial direction. The end cap also has an integral port member extending from an annular surface of the cylindrical housing. The integral port member has a central axis aligned in the radial direction, and an exterior surface of the integral port member tangentially connects to an exterior surface of the cylindrical housing.

Abstract: A multilayered, three-way conversion catalyst having the capability of simultaneously catalyzing the oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and the reduction of nitrogen oxides is disclosed. Provided is a catalytic material of at least four layers in conjunction with a carrier, where each of the layers includes a support, at least three layers comprise a precious metal component, and at least one layer comprises an oxygen storage component (OSC). The catalytic material can further comprise a fifth layer, where at least four layers comprise a precious metal component, at least one layer comprises an oxygen storage component, and at least one layer is substantially free of an oxygen storage component.

Abstract: Methods of reducing agent control in an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of a combustion engine with an exhaust gas pipe in which in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas there is an SCR catalyzer. A reducing agent generating system has an NOx and CO/H2 generating unit, an oxidation catalyzer, and a combined NOx storage/ammonia generating unit in the standard gas path of the reducing agent generating system. Ammonia is introduced as a reducing agent for the reduction of nitric oxides before the SCR catalyzer of the reducing agent generating system. Precursor materials for generation of ammonia are directed at least temporarily to the NOx and CO/H2 generating unit through a fuel feed and an air feed. A CO/H2 reducing agent stream is temporally modulated during a rich phase. A CO/H2 concentration is primarily held constant at a high level.

Abstract: A honeycomb structure comprises a porous ceramic which is composed of several cells aligned across a cell wall longitudinally. The cell has either one end sealed. The gas permeability coefficient k of the cell wall is between about 0.5 ?m2 and about 1.5 ?m2.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold cooling jacket has internal passages for the circulation of liquid coolant and encloses an exhaust manifold such that a gap is created between the exhaust manifold and cooling jacket. Flowing coolant through the jacket regulates outer jacket temperature while enabling high intra-manifold exhaust gas temperatures for thorough intra-manifold combustion and improved emissions. A liquid-cooled exhaust system includes a turbocharger disposed between manifold and elbow, with liquid coolant flowing from manifold to elbow through the turbocharger. Another liquid-coolant exhaust manifold contains an internal exhaust combustion catalyst wrapped in an insulating blanket. In some marine applications, seawater or fresh water coolant is discharged into the exhaust gas stream at an attached exhaust elbow.

Abstract: Catalysts, methods, and systems for treating diesel engine exhaust streams are described. In one or more embodiments, the catalyst comprises platinum, a second metal from one of the groups VB, VIB, VIIB, VIIIB, IB, or IIB of the periodic table, a refractory metal oxide, and a zeolite, the oxidation catalyst already being effective to remove ammonia at temperatures less than about 300° C. and exhibiting no significant decrease in ammonia oxidation efficiency upon hydrothermal aging. A method aspect includes first passing a vehicle's engine exhaust stream through a NOx abatement catalyst; and passing the exhaust stream exiting the NOx abatement catalyst and containing ammonia through the ammonia oxidation catalyst. Systems including such catalysts are also provided.

Abstract: A multi-line exhaust system has at least two exhaust lines which are substantially separate from one another and at least one measurement sensor for measuring at least one characteristic variable of the exhaust gas. In which system, the at least one measurement sensor can be brought into contact with at least two exhaust lines. In such an exhaust system the measurement sensor determines at least one characteristic variable of the exhaust gas in two or more different exhaust lines, so that the outlay required to monitor the at least one characteristic variable in a plurality of exhaust lines can be significantly reduced compared to if a measurement sensor is formed in each exhaust line.

Abstract: The invention, in at least one embodiment, relates to a reverse platinum group metal zoned lean NOx trap system included in a vehicle and its method of use. One embodiment of the trap system is in a vehicle exhaust system operable during lean and rich periods. The trap system may include a first trap having a first substrate supporting a quantity of platinum and a second trap, positioned downstream of the first trap, and having a second substrate supporting a quantity of platinum and a quantity of rhodium. The total loading of platinum plus rhodium on the second trap is greater than or equal to the platinum on the first trap. In at least one embodiment, the second trap has a higher overall NOx conversion at a low temperature and the first trap has a higher overall NOx conversion at a high temperature.

Abstract: Devices and methods for the production of ammonia as a reducing agent for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of a combustion source, especially of an internal combustion engine. The ammonia is admixed with the exhaust gas in the direction of flow in front of a SCR-catalytic converter. In so doing, nitrogen oxide is produced in a nitrogen oxide production unit separated from the combustion source and its exhaust gas duct and is stored in at least one storage catalytic converter or a nitrogen oxide storage and a subsequently connected catalytic converter. Furthermore, hydrogen and/or a hydrogen-carbon monoxide-mixture is produced in a hydrogen production unit separated from the combustion source and its exhaust gas duct and delivered to a storage catalytic converter. Hydrogen and the stored nitrogen oxide are converted catalytically to ammonia in the storage catalytic converter or in the catalytic converter.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust gas flow equalizer installed in an exhaust manifold and to an exhaust manifold with such an equalizer installed therein. The invention also relates to the manufacture and use of the exhaust gas flow equalizer and the exhaust manifold. The exhaust gas flow equalizer (2) according to the invention includes catalytic corrugated metal plates (2f) placed cross-wise to each other with the corrugation direction of their folds being in an angle towards the average flow direction of the exhaust gas (G) for equalizing the exhaust gas flow at least in the lateral direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust gas flow regulator installed in an exhaust pipeline and to an exhaust pipeline with such an regulator installed therein. The invention also relates to the manufacture and use of the exhaust gas flow regulator and the exhaust pipeline. The exhaust gas flow regulator (2, 12, 22) according to the invention comprises catalytic corrugated metal plates (2f) with the corrugation direction of their folds being in an angle towards the average flow direction of the exhaust gas (G) for regulating the exhaust gas flow at least in the lateral direction.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are disclosed for carrying out combustion in a fuel-cut operation in some or all of the engine cylinders of a vehicle. Further, various subsystems are considered, such as fuel vapor purging, air-fuel ratio control, engine torque control, catalyst design, and exhaust system design.

Abstract: A lean NOx trap composition. The lean NOx trap composition utilizes ruthenium in place of higher cost metals such as platinum. The lean NOx trap composition provides high NOx storage efficiency and high NOx conversion efficiency when incorporated in a lean NOx trap. A method of removing harmful gases using the lean NOx trap composition is also described.

Abstract: A layered three-way conversion catalyst having the capability of simultaneously catalyzing the oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and the reduction of nitrogen oxides is disclosed. Engine exhaust treatment system and methods of using the same are also provided. In one or more embodiments, the catalyst supported on a carrier has three layers, where at least two of the layers are zoned to have an oxygen storage component being present in an upstream zone in an amount that is less than the oxygen storage component present in the downstream zone.

Abstract: In order to make available an exhaust gas system for a combustion engine with an external housing, which contains at least one rear shell and one front shell, and with a catalyst chamber, in which at least one catalyst element is arranged, and with an exhaust gas duct, from which exhaust gas is conveyed from the catalyst chamber, said exhaust gas system including few components and being able to be produced cost-effectively and wherein harmful thermal stresses in the components of the exhaust gas system are largely avoided, the catalyst chamber also forms the exhaust gas duct. The catalyst chamber has at least two chamber halves, and the exhaust gas duct is provided materially uniform and in one piece in at least one chamber half.

Abstract: A catalytic combustion apparatus is equipped with a reactor for catalytically burning a gas to be treated containing a combustible organic compound, which further comprises a condensate forming means for condensing a part of a gas after reaction in the reactor, to form a condensate, and a pH measuring means for measuring a pH of the resultant condensate. It is preferred that the catalytic combustion apparatus still further comprise a temperature adjusting means for adjusting a temperature of at least a catalyst-packed portion of the reactor based on data measured by the pH measuring means.

Abstract: An engine control apparatus is configured to prevent damage to a catalytic converter caused by the occurrence of temperature differences. The engine control apparatus is particularly useful in a catalytic converter having a thin-walled ceramic carrier. The engine control apparatus prohibits cutting of the fuel supply during vehicle deceleration for a prescribed amount of time after operation of either an engine speed limiter component, which cuts the fuel supply when the engine speed exceeds an allowable engine speed, or a vehicle speed limiter component, which cuts the fuel supply when the vehicle speed exceeds an allowable vehicle speed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a motorcycle having a cowling covering an under side thereof in which the cowling can be formed so as to avoid a catalyst while maintaining strength of the cowling, and can maintain a large bank angle and secure the minimum road clearance. The motorcycle is provided with a vehicle body provided with an engine, an exhaust pipe connected to the engine, a catalyst apparatus provided in the exhaust pipe and arranged under the engine, and the cowling covering at least an under portion of the vehicle body. An opening in which an entire peripheral edge portion thereof is formed in a closed hole shape is formed at a position of the cowling corresponding to the catalyst apparatus.

Abstract: The invention provides a process and system for purification of an exhaust gas stream from a combustion engine containing hydrocarbons, soot, carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide. The process comprises the steps of oxidising the hydrocarbons and part of the soot in a first reactor in the presence of a first catalyst active in oxidising hydrocarbons and soot without oxidising sulphur dioxide and forming a partly purified exhaust gas stream, of cooling of the partly purified exhaust gas stream, of converting the carbon monoxide of the partly purified exhaust gas stream in a second reactor in presence of a second catalyst active in oxidising carbon monoxide without oxidising sulphur dioxide and of withdrawing a purified exhaust gas stream.