Abstract: A flow rate adjustment method for a variable geometry turbocharger may include steps as follows. An adjustment apparatus drives an actuator to an abutment position where a power transmission member abuts a stopper. The apparatus acquires the abutment position opening amount based on an opening detection sensor's signal. The apparatus drives the actuator until the detection amount attains a pre-set amount, moving the power transmission member to a temporary control position. The apparatus acquires a temporary control position flow rate. It is acquired when an adjustment gas inflow apparatus causes the adjustment gas to flow into an exhaust turbine, and a flow rate measurement sensor measures the flow rate of the adjustment gas. The apparatus obtains a correction amount based on a difference between the temporary control position flow rate and a real control position flow rate, which is a proper flow rate corresponding to the pre-set amount.

Abstract: A method for controlling the wastegate in a turbocharged internal combustion engine including the steps of: determining, during a design phase, a control law which provides an objective opening of a controlling actuator of the wastegate according to the supercharging pressure; determining an objective supercharging pressure; measuring an actual supercharging pressure; determining a first open loop contribution of an objective position of a controlling actuator of the wastegate by means of the control law and according to the objective supercharging pressure; determining a second closed loop contribution of the objective position of the controlling actuator of the wastegate; and calculating the objective position of the controlling actuator of the wastegate by adding the two contributions.

Abstract: An engine in which a fluctuation in the amount of fuel injection is reduced in the entire operating tolerance of the engine. The engine (1) has an engine body (5) provided with a turbocharger (7), an engine speed sensor (21), a turbo sensor (22), a boost sensor (23), and an ECU (20) for correcting the amount of fuel injection. A control means recognizes an engine speed, a supercharging pressure, a supercharger speed, a fuel injection amount and corrects the fuel injection amount.

Abstract: A power supply of equipment onboard a motor vehicle equipped with a micro-hybrid system that can operate in a regenerative braking mode during which the energy recovered by a reversible rotary machine (1) of the micro-hybrid system is stored in an auxiliary energy storage unit (4). The micro-hybrid system provides a dual-voltage network including, on the one hand, a low voltage (Vb) for supplying a battery (3) of the vehicle and, on the other hand and at the terminals of said auxiliary energy-storage unit, a floating voltage (Vb+X) higher than the low voltage. The floating voltage (Vb+X) is used for powering the onboard equipment of the vehicle that may require high currents during short periods of time for the dynamic operation thereof. The power supply is particularly useful for powering an electric-assistance turbocharger.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for controlling an air handling system for an internal combustion engine including a turbocharger having a variable geometry turbine fluidly coupled to an exhaust manifold of the engine and a compressor fluidly coupled to an intake manifold of the engine, and an electric motor coupled to a rotatable shaft connected between the compressor and the variable geometry turbine. A target torque required to drive the compressor to achieve target compressor operating parameters is determined, a maximum available torque that can be supplied by the variable geometry turbine in response to a target exhaust gas flow through the variable geometry turbine is determined, and the electric motor is enabled to supply supplemental torque to the rotatable shaft if the target torque is greater than the maximum available torque.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for controlling an air handling system for an internal combustion engine including a turbocharger having a variable geometry turbine and a compressor having a fresh air inlet fluidly coupled to ambient and to an air outlet of an electric air pump. An air pump enable value as determined a function of target engine speed and total fuel target values and an air flow target is determined as a function of a target fresh air flow value. Operation of the electric air pump is activated to supply supplemental air flow to the fresh air inlet of the compressor if the air pump enable value is greater than a threshold air pump enable value and the air flow target does not exceed a maximum flow value.

Abstract: An automotive air blower includes an air pump (14) connected to the output shaft of a transmission system, whose input shaft is connected, in use, to the engine (16) of a motor vehicle. The input and output shafts are connected to the ring gear (10) and sun gear (13), respectively, of a three-branch epicyclic differential gearset. The planet carrier (12) of the gearset is connected to the rotor (2) of an electric motor/generator and the input shaft is connected to the rotor of an electrical machine (1), which constitutes at least a generator. The electrical connections of the stators of the two machines are connected together via a controller arranged to control the flow of electrical power between them. A selectively engageable mechanical connection (15) is provided between two of the branches of the gearset and arranged to connect the two branches together such that the gearset will rotate as a single unit.

Abstract: An automotive air blower, in particular a supercharger, includes an air pump, such as an air impeller connected to the output shaft of a transmission system, the input shaft of which is connected, in use, to the engine of a motor vehicle. The input and output shafts are connected to respective branches of a three-branch epicyclic differential gearset. The third branch of the gearset and the input shaft are connected to the rotor of respective electrical machines, the electrical connections of the stators of which machines are connected together via a controller arranged to control the flow of electric power between them.

Abstract: An lubricating oil from an oil pump that is driven by rotation of an engine is supplied as a refrigerant to a rotor of an assist motor via a pressure valve. The pressure valve is configured to be closed when the pressure of the lubricating oil is less than a predetermined value, and to open when the pressure of the lubricating oil is greater than or equal to the predetermined value. As a result, when the rotor is in low need for cooling down because the temperature rise of the rotor is small although the rotation speed of the rotor rises, that is, when the engine is operating at a low rotation speed with a high load, the supply of lubricating oil to the rotor is reduced or stopped.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for improving vehicle performance by application of pneumatic boost to vehicle engines, including diesel engines having at least one turbocharger supplying air to the engine, in a manner which increases engine torque output while minimizing the potential for exceed various operating limits to the maximum practicable extent. The vehicle's pneumatic booster system controller implements strategies for shaping the rate of the air injection during a boost event, tailoring the air injection to obtain maximum engine torque output while respecting the operating limits, by controlling the timing, duration, quantity and/or injection pattern during a boost event to achieve a refined distribution of compressed air injection over the course of the boost event to provide desired engine torque output and fuel efficiency while minimizing the potential for exceeding a wide variety of operation limits, regulatory, engineering and passenger comfort limits.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling an exhaust temperature for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The method and system include determining a range of acceptable charge flows within the internal combustion engine to meet a desired exhaust temperature. The method and system further include controlling the charge flows to fall within the range. Control strategies to utilize the charge flow as a lever to control turbine outlet temperature are disclosed. These strategies utilize the inversion of the cylinder outlet temperature virtual sensor as well as a new turbine outlet temperature virtual sensor to determine the charge flow required to achieve the desired turbine outlet temperature given the current turbine inlet and outlet pressure, SOI, charge pressure, charge temperature, fueling, and engine speed.

Abstract: A cylinder of an internal combustion engine is provided with a turbo-side exhaust valve that opens and closes an exhaust port that communicates with a turbo-side exhaust passageway that leads to a turbine inlet opening of a turbo-supercharger, a bypass-side exhaust valve that opens and closes an exhaust port that communicates with a bypass-side exhaust passageway that bypasses the turbine, a first intake valve disposed opposite to the turbo-side exhaust valve, and a second intake valve disposed opposite to the bypass-side exhaust valve. At the time of engine startup and/or the time of low engine load, the turbo-side exhaust valve and the first intake valve are stopped in the closed state.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is coupled to a supercharger operable to supply varying amounts of air to the engine responsive to the load on the engine. The supercharger has a pair of screw rotors driven by the engine to move air to the engine and a control apparatus for varying the mass and pressure of air supplied to the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is coupled to a supercharger operable to supply varying amounts of air to the engine responsive to the load on the engine. The supercharger has a pair of screw rotors driven by the engine to move air to the engine and a control apparatus for varying the mass and pressure of air supplied to the engine.

Abstract: A turbocharged internal combustion engine having an engine control unit and apparatus coupled to the turbocharger, to assist in acceleration of the turbocharger in response to an acceleration signal from the engine control system and to decelerate the turbocharger in response a deceleration signal from the engine control unit. The apparatus absorbs energy from the turbocharger in response to the deceleration signal from the engine control unit to decelerate the turbocharger. The apparatus includes one or more hydraulic wheels on the same shaft of, and between, the turbine and compressor of the turbocharger, the one or more hydraulic wheels being driven in response to the acceleration signal to assist in acceleration of the turbocharger or absorb energy from the turbocharger shaft in response the deceleration signal.

Abstract: A hybrid powertrain for a vehicle is provided. The powertrain includes an engine boosted by a turbocharger. The turbocharger includes a first motor-generator mounted with respect to the turbocharger, and arranged to selectively assist acceleration of the vehicle by driving the turbocharger, to provide regenerative charging of an energy storage device and to be idle, as its modes of operation. The powertrain additionally includes a second motor-generator mounted with respect to the powertrain, and arranged to selectively assist acceleration of the vehicle, to provide regenerative charging of the energy storage device and to be idle, as its modes of operation. A controller responsive to sensed vehicle operating parameters is arranged on the vehicle for controlling and coordinating the modes of operation of the first motor-generator and of the second motor-generator.

Abstract: A hybrid hydraulic turbocharger system for internal combustion engines. The turbocharger system includes a hydraulic pump motor in mechanical communication with said engine drive shaft. A hybrid turbocharger unit includes an engine exhaust gas turbine driving a compressor, a hydraulic turbine and a hydraulic pump, all mounted on said turbocharger shaft. The hydraulic pump motor functions as a hydraulic pump driven by the drive shaft of the engine to provide additional boost to the turbocharger unit at low engine speeds and functions as a hydraulic motor driven by the turbocharger pump to provide additional torque to the engine drive shaft high engine speeds.

Abstract: A method of operating a turbocharger is provided, wherein the turbocharger comprises a compressor for compressing inlet air to be supplied to an internal combustion engine and an exhaust gas turbine for driving said compressor. The turbocharger further comprises an electric motor for driving said compressor operable by an electric supply system including an alternator and an electric energy storage device. A connection between said alternator and said electric energy storage device is disconnectable by a switch. According to the present invention, the method comprises the following steps: detecting a transient condition, wherein said internal combustion engine is required to be accelerated; supplying electric energy to said electric motor only from said electric energy storage device at the beginning of said transient condition until a predetermined state is reached; supplying electric energy to said electric motor from the electric supply system after said predetermined state is reached.

Abstract: A turbocharging arrangement for an internal combustion engine, the arrangement having a turbocharger with a turbine and a compressor connected to a common shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, an electric motor, and coupling means for coupling the electric motor to the shaft of the turbocharger. The coupling means is arranged to steplessly adjust the torque transmitted between the electric motor and the turbocharger. A method for operating a turbocharged internal combustion engine is also provided.

Abstract: In an engine equipped with a supercharger consisting of a compressor having a plurality of blades on a turbine shaft and a turbine, at least one index means provided on the turbine shaft or the plurality of blades, and a turbo angular velocity sensor, which detects a rotation of the index means and a rotation of the plurality of blades respectively and connected to an ECU. In the engine, also, a turbo angular velocity computing means, which calculates an angular velocity by obtaining a plurality of pulses per one rotation of the turbine shaft, is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drivetrain, in particular for motor vehicles, having an internal combustion engine, comprising an output shaft; having a turbocharger, comprising an exhaust gas turbine, which is situated in the exhaust gas stream of the internal combustion engine, and a compressor driven by the exhaust gas turbine, which is situated in an air channel leading to the internal combustion engine in order to compress air for the internal combustion engine; the exhaust gas turbine additionally having a drive connection to an auxiliary system or to the output shaft of the internal combustion engine or being switchable into such a connection, in order to transmit drive power alternately or simultaneously from the exhaust gas turbine to the compressor or the output shaft and the auxiliary system; and a hydrodynamic clutch being situated in the additionally provided drive connection, comprising a bladed primary wheel and a bladed secondary wheel, which implement a working chamber with one another, which i

Abstract: A hydraulic servo drive device for driving a slide mechanism of a variable geometry turbocharger includes a servo piston connected to a driveshaft of the slide mechanism and a pilot spool that is accommodated in a center hole of the servo piton and slides by pilot pressure. A first hydraulic chamber and a second hydraulic chamber to and from which pressure oil flows are provided in a housing. The servo piston separately includes a pressure port for introducing pressure oil from an outside, a first piston port for intercommunicating the center hole and the first hydraulic chamber, a second piston port for intercommunicating the center hole and the second hydraulic chamber, and a return port for exiting pressure oil.

Abstract: A control device of a premix combustion engine includes a hybrid turbocharger including a turbocharger having a compressor and a turbine, and a motor generator coupled with the compressor. A control unit controls the motor generator based on the operating conditions regarding a generator or the premix combustion engine and includes: an airflow rate computing unit for computing the necessary airflow rate required for the premix combustion engine, and an arithmetic unit for computing the power output or the rotation speed regarding the hybrid turbocharger to obtain the necessary airflow rate required for the premix combustion engine. Feedback control regarding the power output or the rotation speed as to the hybrid turbocharger is performed based on the computed results obtained by the arithmetic unit.

Abstract: An exhaust turbo-supercharger is capable of preventing misalignment of the center of the rotating shaft of a supercharger turbine and the center of the rotating shaft of a supercharger compressor, or, misalignment of the center of the rotating shaft of the supercharger turbine, the center of the rotating shaft of the supercharger compressor, and the center of the rotating shaft of a power generator, due to the heat of exhaust gas; is capable of reducing vibration of these rotation axes; and is capable of improving the reliability of the entire supercharger. The exhaust turbo-supercharger has a casing that supports a turbine unit and a compressor unit. The lower end of the casing constitutes a leg portion, and the leg portion is fixed to a base placed on the floor. A power generator having a rotating shaft is connected to a rotating shaft of the turbine unit and the compressor unit.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for powering a compressor turbine are provided. The shared shaft between an exhaust gas turbine and the compressor may operates more effectively with the addition an additional component such as a steam turbine to help control the speed of the shaft.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is providing a supercharging system which uses both of a mechanism such as VN or the like and an electric motor generating an assist force while making the supercharger operate smoothly when the assist by the electric motor is stopped. The system controls the electric motor in a feedback manner so that enough assist force is generated (FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B) while controlling the VN in an open manner (FIG. 2D) until status of the supercharger reaches target status (time t1) when an accelerator requirement arises in a low revolution region. The control of the electric motor is changed to an open control, and the control of the VN is changed to a feedback control, respectively, at time t1. The open control of the electric motor is continued so that necessary complement torque occurs until time t2. After time t2, the system maintains the target status only by the feedback control of the VN.

Abstract: A compressor casing for an exhaust gas turbocharger is disclosed. The exhaust gas turbocharger has a rotatable turboshaft, a compressor wheel mounted on the turboshaft, and a turbine wheel mounted on the turboshaft. The compressor casing includes a sensor for measuring a rotational speed of the turboshaft. The sensor is embedded in the compressor casing and forms an integral component of the compressor casing.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a technique for excellently controlling a supercharger equipped with an electric motor. A supercharging system for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention is provided with a supercharger equipped with an electric motor, where rotation of the rotary shaft of the supercharger is assisted by the electric motor, and control unit for controlling assisting force of said electric motor in such a way that the rotation speed of the supercharger becomes a target rotation speed.

Abstract: A motor-driven supercharger is provided with a thrust bearing (30) rotatably supporting a thrust force applied to a turbine shaft (12). The thrust bearing (30) is constituted by a small-diameter disc-shaped thrust collar (32) rotating together with a turbine shaft, and a turbine side thrust bearing (34) and a compressor side thrust bearing (36) which block a movement in an axial direction of the thrust collar. The compressor side thrust bearing (36) has a small-diameter ring portion (37) including a thrust surface which is in contact with the thrust collar and has approximately an equal diameter, and a flange portion (38a) fixed to a housing (16) in the turbine side, and the small-diameter ring portion and the flange portion are arranged at different positions in an axial direction.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring at least one operating parameter indicative of an operating condition of an engine and controlling a turbocharger assist device to maintain desired operating conditions of the engine equipped with a turbocharger. In one embodiment, a controller is provided to control operation of a turbocharger assist device in an engine for generating electric power when an excess of energy exists in the exhaust of the engine to subtract work from a turbocharger drive shaft.

Abstract: A fuel cell (10) has a compressed air inlet fed by a compressor (20) and a fuel inlet, and it produces direct current electricity. A turbine (30) receives a flow of gas under pressure from the fuel cell and is mechanically coupled to the first compressor in order to drive it. A second compressor (46) of a circuit for use in flight to feed pressurized air to the aircraft cabin (40) is mechanically coupled to a shaft of the turbine. An electric machine (50) may be coupled to the same turbine shaft as drives the compressor (46), the electric machine being capable of operating as a generator or as an electric motor.

Abstract: A compressor system for a vehicle includes a compressor driven by a drive motor of the vehicle and a suction air conduit for supplying air that has already been precompressed by a turbocharger of the drive motor to the compressor. A mechanism is disposed in the suction air guide for reducing the flow cross-section. The mechanism is able to limit the charging pressure of the already precompressed air supplied to the compressor. A method for controlling a compressor system having a turbocharged compressor limits a charging pressure of the already precompressed air to an adjustable maximum value.

Abstract: A compressor flow rate is calculated using a compressor model, which is the physical model of a compressor. A plurality of the compressor models are provided, and the compressor model used for calculating the compressor flow rate is changed in accordance with an operational condition of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An electrically controlled turbocharger has a motor mounted on a shaft in a motor housing between a turbine and compressor. Oil is sprayed onto the motor stator to cool the stator. An oil gallery is disposed above the stator to receive lubricating oil and contains apertures that perform as jets to allow oil to be sprayed directly on the motor stator. A coolant jacket is formed in the turbocharger housing between the turbine and the motor to allow liquid coolant to circulate therein and dissipate heat from the turbine end prior to reaching the motor components. Other embodiments provide for a stator component to be submerged in flowing cooling oil.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine incorporating a turbo-generator and one or more variably activated exhaust valves. The exhaust valves are adapted to variably release exhaust gases from a combustion cylinder during a combustion cycle to an exhaust system. The turbo-generator is adapted to receive exhaust gases from the exhaust system and rotationally harness energy therefrom to produce electrical power. A controller is adapted to command the exhaust valve to variably open in response to a desired output for the turbo-generator.

Abstract: A turbocharger for an internal combustion engine, in which a mechanical energy flow can be generated for a intake airflow from an exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine. The turbocharger includes a mechanical energy converter connected between the exhaust gas flow and the intake airflow, by which converter the mechanical energy flow can be transferred and transmitted. The turbocharger also includes an electrical energy converter associated with the mechanical energy flow for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, or vice versa, to enable improved intake airflow charging of an internal combustion engine. By means of the electrical energy converter, an electrical energy flow can be selectively branched off to a battery or fed into the mechanical energy flow.

Abstract: Gas pressure and exhaust heat of the combustion exhaust gas exhausted from the internal combustion engine is effectively utilized for generating electricity. Using a turbocharger (8) having a turbine (4) that is driven by gas pressure of the combustion exhaust gas and a compressor (6) that is driven by rotational force generated in the turbine, an air engine (12) generating rotational force by air pressure as a power source, and a generator (14) converting the rotational force generated by the air engine to electric power, the air inspired from outside is compressed by the compressor of the turbocharger and heated by the turbine heat at high temperature, and electricity is generated by the generator using the generated compressed air of high pressure and high temperature as a power source of the air engine. The compressed air thus generated in the turbocharger (8) is shared and distributed for combusting the internal combustion engine (2) and for driving the air engine (12).

Abstract: A torque base control unit calculates target torque based on an accelerator position and engine speed. The control unit further executes calculation of target airflow rate, calculation of target intake pressure, and calculation of target boost pressure based on the target torque. Target throttle position is calculated based on the target airflow rate, target intake pressure, target boost pressure, actual boost pressure, and throttle passed intake temperature. An assist control unit calculates target turbine power based on the target airflow rate and the target boost pressure calculated by the torque base control unit and calculates actual turbine power based on exhaust information. Assist power of a motor attached to a turbocharger is calculated based on the power difference between the target turbine power and the actual turbine power.

Abstract: Provided is an internal combustion engine for improving fuel-economy performance in any of the case where supercharging performed by an electric supercharger is required and the case where the supercharging is not required. The internal combustion engine includes: an electric supercharger; a supercharger; an electric motor; and a controller, the electric supercharger being for compressing an intake air by rotation of the supercharger caused with rotation of the exhaust turbine by an exhaust gas energy to perform supercharging and for rotationally driving the supercharger with electric-motor assistance by the electric motor; an exhaust bypass passage provided to bypass the exhaust turbine; and an opening and closing the exhaust bypass passage unit. In the internal combustion engine, the opening and closing the exhaust bypass passage unit opens the exhaust bypass passage until the supercharging is started by the electric supercharger.

Abstract: The invention refers to a supercharging system for an internal combustion engine incorporating in combination, a turbine, a compressor and an electrical driven system that is connected by any power transmission system to the crankshaft or any other vehicle drive shaft of an internal combustion engine and which are arranged along a common axis, where the turbine inlet is subjected to exhaust gases, causing the turbine wheel to rotate and thereby via the drive shaft causing mechanical rotating power.

Abstract: A powertrain includes an Atkinson cycle engine having at least one cylinder, a crankshaft, and an air intake system that provides selective fluid communication between the at least one cylinder and the atmosphere. A motor is in hybrid combination with the engine, and a compressor is configured to selectively pressurize air in the air intake system. The powertrain provides the fuel efficiency of an Atkinson cycle engine while compensating for the reduced torque output of an Atkinson cycle engine.

Abstract: An air flow amount passing through a centrifugal compressor is acquired on the basis of outputs of an air flow meter. A surge limit compressor rotation speed is acquired on the basis of the obtained air flow amount passing through the compressor. A current compressor rotation speed (turbo rotation speed) is acquired by a turbo rotation speed sensor. A rotation speed of the compressor is controlled on the basis of the surge limit compressor rotation speed and the current compressor rotation speed. More specifically, while being limited so as to be equal or less than the surge limit compressor rotation speed, a target compressor rotation speed is controlled so as to be a value according to the operating conditions, such as accelerator opening and engine speed, of an internal combustion engine. In addition, the surge of the compressor is judged on the basis of the surge limit compressor rotation speed and the current compressor rotation speed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydrodynamic coupling having a primary blade wheel and a secondary blade wheel. The primary wheel and the secondary wheel together form a working chamber that can be filled with a working medium and are mounted in such a way that they can rotate in relation to each other. A bearing is inserted, at least indirectly, between the primary impeller and the secondary impeller, said bearing absorbing the radial forces and/or axial forces acting between the blade wheels. The inventive hydrodynamic coupling is characterized in that the bearing is constructed as a sliding bearing, a film of bearing fluid subjected to hydrostatic pressure being formed between the bearing components moving in relation to each other during the operation of the hydrodynamic coupling, and the pressure of the bearing fluid is dependent on the pressure of the working medium built up in the working chamber.

Abstract: A four stroke diesel engine combined with a supercharger is operable to supply varying amounts of air to the engine responsive to the load on the engine. The supercharger has a pair of rotors driven by the engine operable to move air to the engine. Gates associated with the rotors control the amount of air and pressure of the air moved by the rotors to the diesel engine.

Abstract: A hybrid powertrain for a vehicle is provided. The powertrain includes an engine boosted by a turbocharger. The turbocharger includes a first motor-generator mounted with respect to the turbocharger, and arranged to selectively assist acceleration of the vehicle by driving the turbocharger, to provide regenerative charging of an energy storage device and to be idle, as its modes of operation. The powertrain additionally includes a second motor-generator mounted with respect to the powertrain, and arranged to selectively assist acceleration of the vehicle, to provide regenerative charging of the energy storage device and to be idle, as its modes of operation. A controller responsive to sensed vehicle operating parameters is arranged on the vehicle for controlling and coordinating the modes of operation of the first motor-generator and of the second motor-generator.

Abstract: An automotive air blower, in particular a supercharger, comprises an air pump, such as an air impeller (2) connected to the output shaft (4) of a transmission system, the input shaft of which is connected, in use, to the engine of a motor vehicle. The input and output shafts (6, 4) are connected to respective branches of a three-branch epicyclic differential gearset. The third branch of the gearset and the input shaft (6) are connected to the rotor (20, 22) of respective electrical machines, the electrical connections of the stators (24, 26) of which machines are connected together via a controller (27) arranged to control the flow of electric power between them.

Abstract: A turbocharger system for an engine (e.g., a diesel engine in a locomotive) includes a turbocharger unit and a fixed gear assembly. The turbocharger unit comprises a compressor for providing compressed air to an intake of the engine, a turbine driven by an exhaust of the engine, and a shaft interconnecting the turbine and compressor. The fixed gear assembly interconnects an engine gear train of the engine to the turbocharger unit for driving the turbocharger unit. There is no turbocharger clutch mechanism in the turbocharger system, engine, or otherwise in the vehicle. Thus, the fixed gear assembly operates to drive the turbocharger unit whenever the engine gear train is operational.

Abstract: Provided are a variable geometry turbocharger in which a drain pipe from a hydraulic servo drive device can be omitted and in which a member for transmitting power of the hydraulic servo drive device can be efficiently lubricated, and a method of returning oil from the hydraulic servo drive device. The variable geometry turbocharger includes a slide mechanism for changing an opening degree of a nozzle, the hydraulic servo drive device for driving the slide mechanism by hydraulic pressure, and drain flow paths for delivering oil exhausted from the hydraulic servo drive device into an oil return chamber adjacent to a turbocharger body.

Abstract: Bearing systems for high speed rotating shafts, such as turbocharger shafts, include a first ball bearing in one end of an elongated cylinder capable of carrying axial thrust in both directions and a second ball bearing in the opposite end of the elongated cylinder with its outer race slideably mounted in the cylinder against the biasing force of a preload spring. The second ball bearing is free to move axially with the shaft upon axial expansion of the shaft when exposed to high temperature. The inner races of the ball bearings are clamped to and rotate with the shaft as part of the rotating assembly.

Abstract: A motor-driven supercharger of the invention is provided with a cooling fluid flow rate adjusting device (a flow rate adjuster (37) and a controller (40)) capable of adjusting a flow rate of a cooling fluid. On the basis of the flow rate adjuster (37) and the controller (40), a flow rate of a cooling fluid (41) is set to a first flow rate (a large flow rate) for cooling an electric motor (20) in a state where a temperature difference obtained by subtracting a temperature of the cooling fluid (41) from a temperature of the electric motor (20) is equal to or more than a predetermined temperature equal to or more than zero, and the flow rate of the cooling fluid (41) is set to a second flow rate (a small flow rate) which is smaller than the first flow rate and is for suppressing a heating effect to the electric motor (20) in a state where the temperature difference is lower than a predetermined temperature equal to or more than zero.