Abstract: According to one aspect of the embodiment, a steam turbine power plant 10 is provided with a steam turbine system 20 which generates electricity by driving a steam turbine by the steam from a boiler 21 or the like which generates the steam by combustion heat, and a carbon dioxide recovery system 50 which recovers carbon dioxide contained in the combustion gas from the boiler 21 or the like. In the steam turbine system 20, part of the steam having performed the expansion work in a high-pressure turbine 22 is introduced into a back-pressure turbine 27. The steam introduced into the back-pressure turbine 27 performs the expansion work and partly supplied to the carbon dioxide recovery system 50 through a pipe 42 to heat an absorption liquid 90 in a regeneration tower 70.

Abstract: Systems and methods for regasifying liquefied natural gas (LNG) are provided. The LNG is regasified by transferring heat from a steam methane reforming reaction to the LNG. In one embodiment, heat is transferred to the LNG from a synthesis gas produced in a steam methane reforming reaction. In another embodiment, heat is transferred to the LNG from a flue gas provided from a furnace heating a steam methane reforming reactor. By using excess heat from the steam methane reforming process, less energy may be consumed to regasify LNG.

Abstract: A system and methods are disclosed that assist in biasing of a working fluid. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a first portion of a working fluid to a first low pressure turbine and a second portion of the working fluid to a second low pressure turbine, the second portion being greater in quantity than the first portion; processing the first portion of the working fluid in the first low pressure turbine to create a first exhaust fluid and processing the second portion of the working fluid in the second low pressure turbine to create a second exhaust fluid; providing the first exhaust fluid to a first condenser; and providing the second exhaust fluid to a second condenser, wherein the second exhaust fluid is greater in quantity than the first exhaust fluid.

Abstract: A solar desalination system for creation of desalinated water from seawater that produces electricity includes: a) a solar furnace unit including a vessel for receiving and evaporating seawater to create desalinated steam and a solar energy concentrator positioned adjacent the vessel to concentrate solar energy to the vessel; b) input for feeding seawater to the vessel; c) brine output for removal of brine water bottoms from the vessel; d) a riser pipe connected at its bottom to the vessel and extending upwardly from for transporting steam from the vessel to a higher elevation electric power-producing steam turbine generator; f) a drop pipe having a top and a bottom, and being connected at its tops to the steam turbine generator for removal of desalinated water from the steam turbine generator; g) a hydroturbine generator connected to the bottom of the drop pipe for production of electric power with desalinated water from the steam turbine generator; and, h) egress for removal of desalinated water from the hy

Abstract: A method of converting non-fresh water to fresh water, referred to as the “Rosenbaum-Weisz Process”, is disclosed. The Process utilizes high temperature electrolysis to decompose the treated non-fresh water into hydrogen and oxygen. The generated hydrogen and oxygen are then combusted at elevated pressure in a high temperature combustor to generate high pressure high temperature superheated steam. The combustion of hydrogen and oxygen at elevated high pressure will prevent air from entering the combustor thereby preventing the creation of nitrous oxide (“NOX”) that might otherwise be created as a result of the high temperature created by the combustion. The heat from the high pressure high temperature superheated steam is then removed by a high temperature heat exchanger system and recycled back to the high temperature electrolysis unit. The superheated steam will condense, as a result of the heat extraction by the heat exchanger system, to produce fresh water.

Abstract: A system and method for configuring a steam turbine in a power plant to supply steam from a low pressure section of the steam turbine to a flue-gas processing unit in the power plant.

Abstract: Power-generating units and compressor units are arranged in a compressed-air energy storage power station. According to one aspect of the invention, a common grid connection transformer is arranged, to which the power-generating units and the compressor units can selectively be connected. According to a further aspect of the invention, the power-station installation is subdivided into a power-generating area (I) in which the power-generating units are arranged, a switching and voltage-conversion area (II) in which a grid connection transformer is arranged, and a compressor area (III) in which the compressor units are arranged. The stated areas are arranged physically separately from one another. Power-station installations according to the invention can advantageously be combined to form modular power-station centers, which advantageously have common voltage rails and media rails.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and an apparatus for more efficiently and economically producing purified water from sea water or some other salty or brackish water source. The efficiency is derived from the co-location with a power plant or other thermal generating source that will heat the feed water. Reverse osmosis membrane filtration systems work optimally when the feed water is at certain higher temperature, where that temperature is typically higher than the feed water at ambient temperatures. By using the heated sea water as the byproduct of the power plant electricity generating process and if necessary mixing it with ambient temperature sea water, if needed to lower the water temperature, and using this feed water with a higher temperature than ambient water temperature, the efficiency of the reverse osmosis system can be increased.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention may provide a variable speed booster, which receives air from a compressor of a gas turbine through an intercooler, to supply air at a relatively constant pressure to an air processing unit. An embodiment of the present invention may provide a speed adjustable booster turbine to energize a variable speed booster; which provides air at a relatively constant pressure to an air processing unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for combusting dry gas to heat the air supplied to an FCC regenerator to increase its temperature and minimize production of undesirable combustion products. Preferably, the dry gas is a selected FCC product gas. Alternatively or additionally, dry gas from an FCC product stream is separated and delivered to an expander to recover power before combustion.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for combusting dry gas to heat the air fed to an FCC regenerator to increase its temperature and minimize production of undesirable combustion products. Preferably, the dry gas is a selected FCC product gas. Alternatively or additionally, dry gas from an FCC product stream is separated and delivered to an expander to recover power before combustion.

Abstract: A system and method for producing activated carbon comprising carbonizing a solid carbonaceous material in a carbonization zone of an activated carbon production apparatus (ACPA) to yield a carbonized product and carbonization product gases, the carbonization zone comprising carbonaceous material inlet, char outlet and carbonization gas outlet; activating the carbonized product via activation with steam in an activation zone of the ACPA to yield activated carbon and activation product gases, the activation zone comprising activated carbon outlet, activation gas outlet, and activation steam inlet; and utilizing process gas comprising at least a portion of the carbonization product gases or a combustion product thereof; at least a portion of the activation product gases or a combustion product thereof; or a combination thereof in a solid fuel boiler system that burns a solid fuel boiler feed with air to produce boiler-produced steam and flue gas, the boiler upstream of an air heater within a steam/electricity g

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for recovering power from an FCC product. The dry gas is combusted and combined with FCC regenerator flue gas to raise the power recovery capability of the flue gas. The flue gas can be used to generate electrical power or steam. Alternatively or additionally, dry gas from an FCC product stream is separated and delivered to an expander to recover power before combustion.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for recovering power from an FCC product. The dry gas is combusted and combined with FCC regenerator flue gas to raise the power recovery capability of the flue gas. The flue gas can be used to generate electrical power or steam. Alternatively or additionally, dry gas from an FCC product stream is separated and delivered to an expander to recover power before combustion.

Abstract: A system and method for decontaminating water and generating water vapor includes introducing contaminated water in to a vessel. The water is moved through a series of rotating trays alternately separated by stationary baffles so as to swirl and heat the water to effect the vaporization thereof to produce a vapor having at least some of the contaminants separated therefrom. The vapor is removed from the vessel for condensing apart from the separated contaminants and the remaining water. The vapor may be passed through a turbine connected to an electric generator. Sensors in a controller may be employed to adjust the speed of rotation of the trays or water input into the vessel in response to the sensed conditions. The treated water may be recirculated and reprocessed through the vessel to increase the purification thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to systems and methods for rapidly and isothermally expanding gas in a cylinder. The cylinder is used in a staged hydraulic-pneumatic energy conversion system and includes a gas chamber (pneumatic side) and a fluid chamber (hydraulic side) and a piston or other mechanism that separates the gas chamber and fluid chamber while allowing the transfer of force/pressure between each opposing chamber. The gas chamber of the cylinder includes ports that are coupled to a heat transfer subassembly that circulates gas from the pneumatic side and exchanges its heat with a counter flow of ambient temperature fluid from a reservoir or other source.

Abstract: Systems and methods utilizing turbines, including a compressor turbine with a vaporizable liquid delivery device, are presented. A compressor turbine uses the evaporation of a vaporizable liquid at or near thermal equilibrium from the vaporizable liquid delivery device during the compression. The vapor created thereby typically carries the thermal energy discharged after the gas turbine cycle. The amount of liquid vaporized during compression, the length of time vaporization takes, the proximity to thermal equilibrium at which vaporization occurs, the amount of thermal energy recovered by recuperation, and the temperature at the inlet of the combustion chamber are generally interrelated parameters that can be controlled to increase efficiency.

Abstract: Water is generated onboard of a craft such as an aircraft or in a self-contained stationary system by partially or completely integrating a water generating unit into a power plant of the craft or system. The water generating unit includes one or more high temperature fuel cells which partially or completely replace the combustion chamber or chambers of the power plant. A reformer process is integrated into the high temperature fuel cell which is arranged between, on the one hand, a fan (30) and power plant compressor stages (31, 32) and, on the other hand, power plant turbine stages (33, 34). These power plant stages may be provided in such redundant numbers that safety and redundancy requirements are satisfied.

Abstract: A process for separating carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide containing fluid comprises the steps of: compressing the fluid in a compressor to form a compressed fluid, drying at least part of the compressed fluid to form a compressed and dried fluid, cooling at least part of the compressed and dried fluid to form a compressed, dried and cooled fluid, separating the compressed, dried and cooled fluid at a temperature lower than 0° C. into a carbon dioxide rich stream, a carbon dioxide lean stream and at least one intermediate purity liquid stream having a carbon dioxide purity lower than that of the carbon dioxide rich stream and higher than that of the carbon dioxide lean stream, expanding at least one intermediate purity liquid stream to produce at least one expanded stream using at least one expanded stream to cool the compressed and dried fluid and recycling at least part of the expanded stream.

Abstract: An energy recovery system for a process means (100) comprises a compressor (1), a turbine (2) and a generator (4) being arranged to be driven by a main shaft (3). It also comprises a heat exchanger (5) on a first side being fluidly arranged between the compressor (1) and the turbine (2) and on a second side being fluidly arranged downstream of a process means (100). Heat emanating from exhausts of said process means (100) is transferred to an airflow of the compressor turbine (1, 2) assembly, which airflow is expanded in the turbine (2) which then powers the compressor (1) and the generator (4). Energy is thus recovered from the process, which energy is transformed into electricity so that the overall efficiency of the process is increased.

Abstract: Contemplated plants thermally integrate operation of a refinery component, and most preferably of a hydrocarbon splitter with LNG regasification to provide refrigeration duty and with a power cycle to provide the reboiler duty of the component. It should be noted that such configurations advantageously allow operation of the splitter at a reduced temperature and at reduced pressure, thereby increasing separation efficiency, while the power output is boosted using air intake chilling. Most notably, such process advantages are achieved by satisfying the heating duty of LNG regasification.

Abstract: The compressor-evaporator system for liquefied gas contained in a tank comprises, in addition to a deice for evaporation by heat exchange with a liquid and devices for conditioning and transferring gas to a pipeline, a motor-driven turbopump comprising a rotary assembly of high bending stiffness on a common shaft line, with at least one high pressure pump, a turbine, and a central electrical machine capable of being used in motor mode or in generator mode. The rotary assembly of the motor-driven turbopump is adapted to present a high speed of rotation, greater than 12,000 rpm, while remaining outside ranges for exciting critical speeds in rotation. All of the internal portions of the motor-driven turbopump are immersed in a cryogenic fluid that is the same as the liquefied gas contained in the tank. The internal cavities of the motor-driven turbopump that are under different thermodynamic conditions are separated by contactless dynamic seals.

Abstract: A method of generating electrical power in which a synthesis gas stream generated in a gasifier is combusted in an oxygen transport membrane system of a boiler. The combustion generates heat to raise steam to in turn generate electricity by a generator coupled to a steam turbine. The resultant flue gas can be purified to produce a carbon dioxide product.

Abstract: A compact, lightweight steam turbine is connected to a central shaft that drives a high pressure pump, a high efficiency generator and a blower. An igniter burns fuel exiting a fuel injector to generate heat in a cyclone combustion chamber. Water pumped through coils is heated in the combustion chamber to produce steam energy to drive the turbine. Exhaust steam is directed through a centrifugal condenser having an arrangement of flat plates to condense the steam to a liquid state. The turbine drives the generator at a high rpm, through the connected shaft, to generate electric power.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are described for generating electrical energy using grains or other renewable biomass as the fuel, and for producing fertilizer to grow subsequent crops. In the process, a biomass material is incinerated in a firebox of a boiler to power a first turbine to create electricity. An excess air flow is introduced into the firebox to increase NOx production. The oxidation area of the boiler is operated at a temperature exceeding about 2,000° F., and the flue gases are maintained in the high temperature environment for an increased residence time to increase NOx production. The flyash from the incinerated biomass is filtered from the flue gases exhausted from the boiler. The NOx is removed from the filtered flue gases and used to produce a nitrogen fertilizer. The nitrogen fertilizer is blended with the flyash to form a balanced fertilizer product which allows sustainable production of the biomass material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a third stage separator which includes two main clean gas outlets. One main clean gas outlet communicates with a power recovery unit such as an expander turbine while the second main clean gas outlet communicates with a conduit that bypasses the expander turbine. The present invention avoids use of the extra equipment, engineering and installation labor required to prevent the bypass conduit from placing a force load on the line to the power recovery unit.

Abstract: Water for use in a self-contained water using unit, such as an aircraft, watercraft, ground conveyance, or stationary unit, is treated so that water of different qualities can be distributed to different use locations in the self-contained unit. The treatment is performed by a process using a combined high temperature fuel cell (1) operating at temperatures above 500° C. and a turbine (6) with a reformer process (2) integrated into the fuel cell. The reformer process is operated by the heat of the fuel cell which uses a hydrocarbon fuel to which contaminated and/or fresh water is admixed. The heat of the fuel cell is used for a water purification process. Purified water is filtered in an active charcoal filter and distributed by a distribution system. At least a portion of the purified water available for distribution is automatically salified.

Abstract: In a method for removing carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas from a gas turbine plant (11), which exhaust gas is subjected to a downstream heat recovery process (12, 33), preferably in the heat recovery steam generator (33) of a water/steam cycle (12), a simplification of the plant engineering is achieved by the fact that the carbon dioxide is removed from the exhaust gas (39) between the gas turbine plant (11) and the heat recovery process (12, 33), and that a rotating, regenerative absorber/desorber (22) is used to remove the carbon dioxide, the absorber side of which absorber/desorber is connected into the exhaust gas stream (39) and the desorber side of which absorber/desorber is connected into a carbon dioxide cycle (38).

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a method is provided for increasing the output of a geothermal steam turbine power plant comprising the steps of: providing a separate, additional flash separator that produces the steam for operating the non-condensable gas ejector; supplying all the geothermal steam produced by the main high-pressure flash separator to a high-pressure geothermal steam turbine; and whereby high-pressure geothermal fluid is supplied to both said separate, additional flash separator and said main high-pressure flash separator from the same production well in a pumped geothermal system.

Abstract: A circulating path 12 is provided for circulating a heat transfer medium across the cooling section 6A and an exhaust heat exchanger 9. The circulating path 12 is communicated to an output heat exchanger which is mounted on a hot water storage. The heat transfer medium is circulated by a pump 10 from the exhaust heat exchanger 9 to the oil heat exchanger 5 and the cooling section 6A. The heat transfer medium to be introduced into the exhaust heat exchanger 9 is so controlled in the flow rate that a temperature of the water vapor in the exhaust gas is declined to a temperature lower than the dew point. The heat transfer medium when having received heat directly from the exhaust gas and heat generated by condensation of the exhaust heat is conveyed to the cooling section 6A where its temperature soars up further.

Abstract: Method of producing a process steam from a first black liquor derived in connection with the production of paper pulp, wherein the first black liquor is treated to give a second black liquor of a higher concentration than the first black liquor as well as a liquid of low concentration, whereafter said process steam is produced from the low concentration liquid.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for generating energy, which consists in conveying to an air separation apparatus (5) air from a compressor (1) coupled to an expansion machine (3). A nitrogen-enriched gaseous flow (11) containing between 3 and 18% of oxygen is conveyed to a combustion chamber (19) with a combustible flow (17) and the combustion gases (33) are expanded in the expansion machine. Optionally air from an auxiliary compressor (21) can be conveyed to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A power plant generates electricity from carbonaceous material and fuel provided by a syngas plant such that clean electric power is generated and flue gas emissions are minimized. The syngas plant produces liquid fuel and unreacted syngas in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor, and the unreacted syngas is conducted to a combustion chamber of the power plant for use as a clean fuel moiety of the carbonaceous material burned in the combustion chamber. The unreacted syngas enables the electric power plant to operate below acceptable environmental limits in producing steam to generate electricity.

Abstract: An energy conversion device for converting heat to mechanical energy. The apparatus includes a heat exchanger vessel absorbing heat from an ambient or energy-rich fluid and transferring heat to a working fluid within an interior chamber of the vessel containing pressurized working gas. An isolation vessel is positioned within the interior chamber, with a gas flow loop defined between the two vessels through which the working gas flows. The isolation vessel is insulated to create a temperature differential and is pressure resistant to allow low pressures in the interior chamber to be maintained. A compressor is positioned within the isolation vessel to compress and discharge the gas into the gas flow loop. An expander is placed in the isolation vessel for converting energy of the expanding gas into a mechanical energy and for rarefying the expanded gas prior to discharge to create a lower bottom temperature or cold reservoir.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for generating energy, which consists in conveying to an air separation apparatus (5) air from a compressor (1) coupled to an expansion machine (3). A nitrogen-enriched gaseous flow (11) containing between 3 and 18% of oxygen is conveyed to a combustion chamber (19) with a combustible flow (17) and the combustion gases (33) are expanded in the expansion machine. Optionally air from an auxiliary compressor (21) can be conveyed to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A power generating system comprising a heating furnace having an ion burner and positioned on the way of a vertical cylindrical path having a lower gas inlet port and an upper gas outlet port, an axial fan disposed in said path, and a power generator disposed out of said path and interlocking with said axial fan, and wherein a temperature and ion concentration inside said heating furnace are increased by said ion burner, with the result that gas flowed in from said gas inlet port flows through said path upward as a vortical ascending current, and said axial fan is rotated by the vortical ascending current, and said power generator is driven by a rotation of said fan for power generation.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for producing both steam power and the fast-burnt cement clinker/fast burnt modified coal ash simultaneously in one apparatus, the fast-burnt cement clinker/fast-burnt modified coal ash prepared by said process as well as cement products prepared using them as active substance. It also discloses the apparatus suitable for embodying this process. Said process of the present invention possesses the technoligical features of fast-burning and fast-cooling and contributes a good hydraulic cementitious activity to the said fast-burnt cement clinker/fast-burnt modified coal ash which are capable of being directly used as active substance in cement production of high quality.

Abstract: A means for eliminating a frozen or near frozen state in a drain of the condensed water generated by the action of an exhaust gas heat exchanger is provided. The condensed water separated from the exhaust gas in a silencer (31) is passed through a waste water trap provided with the joint (34) and discharged to the outside. The joint (34) also has a passage provided therein for circulating a heat transfer medium through an externally (separately) installed heat exchanger (52A). When the engine (2) is started, it is judged, based on the temperature of the waste water trap or the water measured by a sensor (53), whether the frozen state is present or not. When it is judged that the frozen state is present, a water pump 10 is switched on for circulating the heat transfer medium through the waste water trap.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is disclosed having a first chamber, a second chamber positioned inside the first chamber, and a third chamber positioned inside the second chamber. The first, second, and third chambers are in coaxial alignment. A first portion of a first helical tube is positioned inside the second chamber and a second portion of the first helical tube is positioned inside the third chamber and a second helical tube is positioned inside the first chamber. The heat exchanger heats a cryogenic liquid to a gas phase using at least three different heat transfer fluids in one contained unit without mixing any of the fluids in the exchanger.

Abstract: A calcium carbide based power system for stationary and mobile power plants. The carbide is reacted with water to create heat and acetylene, with the acetylene then being burned to heat a boiler for providing steam to a steam expander. The exhaust of the steam expander is condensed and pumped back into the boiler, first being pre-heated by a heat exchanger using the heat in burner exhaust gas and then in the carbide-water reactor to further pre-heat the boiler makeup water (steam) and to cool the reactor. The system may limit the excess water required for the carbide-water reactor, and provides recovery of the heat given off in the generation and combustion of the acetylene for maximum system efficiency. The system may further provide for preheating the combustion air with waste heat from the exhaust of the steam expander. The system may further provide for preheating the combustion air with heat from the acetylene produced by the reactor, thereby removing moisture from the acetylene.

Abstract: A method of generating electrical power utilizing a gas distribution network comprised of a high pressure gas reservoir and a low pressure delivery pipeline includes the step of directing at least a portion of the high pressure gas within the reservoir through a satellite assembly to generate electrical power. The satellite assembly includes an expander and shaft, an electrical generator operatively associated with the shaft and control members for predeterminely controlling the temperature, the pressure drop and the flow of the compressed gas entering the expander from the high pressure reservoir to the low pressure reservoir.

Abstract: A geothermal power plant operating on geothermal fluid includes a source of low pressure geothermal steam, and a turbo-generator including a low pressure steam turbine to which the geothermal steam is applied, and a generator coupled to the steam turbine. The low pressure geothermal steam is applied to the turbine, wherein expansion takes place driving the generator, and producing expanded steam that is exhausted from the turbine. A condenser for condensing the expanded steam includes a steam heat exchanger for receiving the expanded steam and a fan for cooling the expanded steam such that steam condensate is produced.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for recovering work from a heat source and providing a cooling source that comprises: a. providing a selected working fluid comprising at least two components; to a first low pressure pump; b. feeding the selected working fluid to a dividing means; c. dividing the working fluid into a first stream and a second stream, d. feeding the first stream at a first low pressure to a first heat transfer zone to transfer heat to the working fluid stream heating the stream to a higher temperature, e. feeding the higher temperature stream to a separation means, f. separating a volatile component enriched stream and a volatile component depleted stream; g. heating the volatile component enriched stream; h. feeding the volatile component enriched stream to an expansion means i. expanding the volatile component enriched stream to a lower temperature and pressure; j.

Abstract: A method and system are described for heating natural gas in a station, such as a City Gate station. Natural gas from the field is generally transported via supply line at high pressure to the various distribution networks necessary for delivering the gas. However, before the natural gas can enter these distribution networks its pressure must be reduced to a usable level. City Gate stations employing pressure reducing (JT) valves are usually built for this purpose. The present invention provides a system and method for heating the natural gas, without combustion of the natural gas, by relying on the pre-existing pressure of the gas in the supply line along with particular equipment to provide heat to the gas passing through the station.

Abstract: For the mixing of two streams having substantially different temperatures, a primary object of the present invention is to obtain significantly improved recovery of heating and/or refrigeration values by indirect heat transfer combined with staged heat and mass transfer. The process of the present invention is a fundamental departure from all previous processes of the prior art.An object of the present invention is to accomplish reverse or "inverse" distillation. While traditional distillation or staged absorption performs simultaneous heat and mass transfer to achieve a separation, the present invention uses that process to mix two feed streams to form a single mixed product stream.

Abstract: A quick power regulation for a power station system is achieved by activating energy storage mechanisms of the power station system process. The energy storage mechanisms are used to increase the generator power. At least the generator power and a thermal power extracted from the power station system process are determined as process variables. The process variables characterize the current operating state and determine position setpoint values of actuators. A device for a quick power regulation receives at least values of the generator power and a thermal power extracted from the power system process. The control device determines position setpoint values for a number of actuators connected to a steam turbine of the power station.

Abstract: Pressurized byproduct gas from an air separation system is work expanded and the resulting work is used to compress supplemental feed air which is combined with a main feed air stream to supply a total air feed to the air separation system. Supplemental air can be provided only during off-design operation when the main feed air stream is insufficient to provide the total air feed to the system. Alternatively, supplemental air can be used continuously in combination with a reduced main feed air stream to provide total feed air to the system.

Abstract: The flue gas temperature coming from an air preheater to a particulate collection device such as an electrostatic precipitation or fabric filter is reduced to improve the operation of the particulate collection device. This may be done by reducing the exit flue gas temperature from the air preheater or reducing the temperature after exiting. In one embodiment, air in excess of that needed for combustion is passed through the air preheater with the heated excess air either being dumped or used for a variety of purposes in the plant. A particular embodiment involves segmenting the air outlet side of a rotary regenerative air preheater and withdrawing the excess air from the segment where the dust loading is the lowest. Further, additional cooling of the flue gas can be provided by reducing the quantity of primary air that typically bypasses the air preheater and then providing other ways to control the primary air temperature to the pulverizers.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide; from a boiler flue gas stream is separated, recycled and utilized for gasification of coal or biomass to increase fuel utilization and to decrease the carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for improving the thermal efficiency of a steam turbine power generating plant while simultaneously desalinating seawater or brine and purifying water which contains minerals, salts, and other dissolved solids. Exhaust gases from a power plant is heat exchanged against water in a secondary ecomomizer which circulates water at a temperature near, or slightly above the dewpoint of the combustion exhaust of the high-pressure boiler. The heated water is flashed to produce low-pressure steam. The low-pressure steam is condensed against the last effect of a multi-effect desalinization unit. Steam from the first effect of the desalination unit is condensed against steam condensate from the power plant turbine to preheat the condensate and thereby recover heat from the power plant's exhaust gas. Salinous water is fed to the multi-effect desalinization unit to produce fresh water and a concentrated brine.