Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for generating, from an input set of documents, a word replaceability matrix defining semantic similarity between words occurring in the input document set. For each word, distinct word sequences of predetermined length are identified from the documents of the set, each word sequence being indicative of the context in which the word was used and, according to the relative frequency of occurrence of the identified word sequences for the word, fuzzy sets are generated for each word comprising membership values for corresponding groups of word sequences. For each pair of words occurring in the document set, their respective fuzzy sets are used to calculate the probability that the first word of a pair is semantically suitable as a replacement for the second word of the pair, these probabilities being collated to form a word similarity matrix for use in an improved method of determining document similarity and in information retrieval.

Abstract: Techniques enable the reduction of bandwidth requirements for peer-to-peer gaming architectures. In some embodiments, these techniques allow differentiation among players to decide which players should receive continuous updates and which should receive periodic updates. For those gaming systems receiving periodic updates, guided artificial intelligence is employed to simulate activity of a game object based on guidance provided by the periodic updates. Conversely, for those gaming systems receiving continuous updates, the continuous updates may be employed to update the activity of the game object rather than simulating the activity.

Abstract: In a pre-processing step prior to training a learning machine, pre-processing includes reducing the quantity of features to be processed using feature selection methods selected from the group consisting of recursive feature elimination (RFE), minimizing the number of non-zero parameters of the system (l0-norm minimization), evaluation of cost function to identify a subset of features that are compatible with constraints imposed by the learning set, unbalanced correlation score and transductive feature selection. The features remaining after feature selection are then used to train a learning machine for purposes of pattern classification, regression, clustering and/or novelty detection.

Abstract: A data structure, method, storage medium and logic arrangement are provided for use in collecting and analyzing multilinear data describing various characteristics of different objects. In particular it is possible to recognize an unknown individual, an unknown object, an unknown action being performed by an individual, an unknown expression being formed by an individual, as well as synthesize a known action never before recorded as being performed by an individual, synthesize an expression never before recorded as being formed by an individual, and reduce the amount of stored data describing an object or action by using dimensionality reduction techniques, and the like.

Abstract: Method and system for managing delivery of communications such as advertisements to mobile telephone subscribers where delivery to roaming subscribers is prevented or blocked when the subscriber is determined to be using a roaming network and revenue derived from delivery of the advertisements to a roaming subscriber is less than the cost for delivering the advertisements to the roaming subscribers.

Abstract: A programmable logic controller is disclosed that filters and presents to a user data that conforms to a hierarchically structured data model. The programmable logic controller through utilization of an input component that receives data and a filter component that filters the data based at least in part on one or more filtering criteria is able to extract data that is relevant to an individual user's needs and/or requirements. The filtering criteria utilized by the filtering component can include passwords and group affiliations as well as the user's biometric and/or anthropometric information. The claimed subject matter further relates to a component that can be utilized to provide a similar filtering functionality with respect to legacy programmable logical controllers, and legacy industrial automation devices.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing a comprehensive decision support system to include predictions, recommendations with consequences and optimal follow-up actions in specific situations are described. Data is obtained from multiple disparate data sources, depending on the information deemed necessary for the situation being modeled. Some embodiments perform complex systems modeling including performing massive correlative analyses of the data obtained from the multiple disparate data sources with current situational data obtained regarding the situation for which the decision support process is being utilized. The decision support system provides a prediction or predictions and a recommendation or a choice of recommendations based on the correlative analysis and/or other analyses. In some embodiments the decision support system provides possible consequences that could result from a recommendation. In other embodiments the decision support system provides a list of tasks for acting upon a recommendation.

Abstract: A system and method for organizing knowledge in such a way that humans can find knowledge, learn from it, and add to it as needed is disclosed. The exemplary system has four components: a knowledge base, a learning model and an associated tutor, a set of user tools, and a backend system. The invention also preferably comprises a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) that allow these components to work together, so that other people can create their own versions of each of the components. In the knowledge web a community of people with knowledge to share put knowledge in the database using the user tools. The knowledge may be in the form of documents or other media, or it may be a descriptor of a book or other physical source. Each piece of knowledge is associated with various types of meta-knowledge about what the knowledge is for, what form it is in, and so on.

Abstract: Anomaly prediction of battery parasitic load includes processing input data related to a state of charge for a battery and a durational factor utilizing a machine learning algorithm and generating a predicted start-up state of charge. Warnings are issued if the predicted start-up state of charge drops below a threshold level within an operational time.

Abstract: A quality prognostics system and a quality prognostics method for predicting the product quality during manufacturing processes are disclosed, wherein the current production tool parameters sensed during the manufacturing process and several previous quality data collected from the measurement tool are utilized to predict the future product quality, and a conjecture modeling step and prediction modeling step are performed respectively. The conjecture modeling step itself also can be applied for the purpose of virtual metrology. Further, a self-searching step and a self-adjusting step are performed for searching the best combination of various parameters/functions used by the conjecture algorithm or prediction algorithm; and meeting the requirements of new equipment parameters and conjecture/prediction accuracy.

Abstract: An approach to clustering a set of images based on similarity measures employs a fuzzy clustering paradigm in which each image is represented by a node in a graph. The graph is ultimately partitioned into subgraphs, each of which represent true clusters among which the various images are distributed. The partitioning is performed in a series of stages by identifying one true cluster at each stage, and removing the nodes belonging to each identified true cluster from further consideration so that the remaining, unclustered nodes may then be grouped. At the beginning of each such stage, the nodes that remain to be clustered are treated as all belonging to a single candidate cluster. Nodes are removed from this single candidate cluster in accordance with similarity and connectivity criteria, to arrive at a true cluster. The member nodes of this true cluster are then removed from further consideration, prior to the next stage in the process.

Abstract: A neural prosthesis for providing a signal indicative of a predicted event from a cycle of events includes a signal-acquisition system for receiving a neural signal, and a fuzzy-logic inference system for receiving, from the signal acquisition system, a signal indicative of a current location within the cycle of events. The fuzzy-logic inference system is configured to predict a successive event in the cycle of events.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for direct mapping in a compute unit having an internal random access memory the primary operational sequences of an algorithm to related function including storing in an internal random access memory at least one predetermined direct mapped function value for each primary operational sequence of an algorithm; holding in an input data register the address in the random access memory of at least one mapped function value for a selected primary operational sequence of the algorithm and holding in an output register the at least one mapped function value for the selected primary operational sequence of the algorithm read out of the random access memory.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for predicting intake manifold pressure are presented, to compensate for a large lag or a large time delay without producing an overshot or discontinuous behaviors of a predicted value. The method comprises the step of obtaining a difference of values of a variable to be predicted and a difference of values of another variable ahead of the variable to be predicted. The method further comprises the step of filtering the differences with adaptive filters. The method further comprises the step of obtaining a predicted difference of values of the variable to be predicted, through algorithm of estimation with fuzzy reasoning. The method further comprises the step of adding the predicted difference of values of the variable to be predicted, to a current value of the variable to be predicted, to obtain a predicted value of the variable to be predicted.

Abstract: A system and method for tuning a raw mix proportioning controller used in a cement plant. A fuzzy logic supervisory controller tracks the performance of a cement plant simulator to target set points for attaining a correct mix and composition of raw materials. A genetic algorithm adjusts the fuzzy logic supervisory controller's performance by adjusting its parameters in a sequential order of significance.

Abstract: A data structure, method, storage medium and logic arrangement are provided for use in collecting and analyzing multilinear data describing various characteristics of different objects. In particular it is possible to recognize an unknown individual, an unknown object, an unknown action being performed by an individual, an unknown expression being formed by an individual, as well as synthesize a known action never before recorded as being performed by an individual, synthesize an expression never before recorded as being formed by an individual, an reduce the amount of stored data describing an object or action by using dimensionality reduction techniques, and the like.

Abstract: A Soft Computing (SC) optimizer for designing a Knowledge Base (KB) to be used in a control system for controlling a motorcycle is described. In one embodiment, a simulation model of the motorcycle and rider control is used. In one embodiment, the simulation model includes a feedforward rider model. The SC optimizer includes a fuzzy inference engine based on a Fuzzy Neural Network (FNN). The SC Optimizer provides Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) structure selection, FIS structure optimization method selection, and teaching signal selection and generation. The user selects a fuzzy model, including one or more of: the number of input and/or output variables; the type of fuzzy inference; and the preliminary type of membership functions. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to optimize linguistic variable parameters and the input-output training patterns. A GA is also used to optimize the rule base, using the fuzzy model, optimal linguistic variable parameters, and a teaching signal. The GA produces a near-optimal FNN.

Abstract: The present invention involves a Soft Computing (SC) optimizer for designing a Knowledge Base (KB) to be used in a control system for controlling a plant such as, for example, an internal combustion engine or an automobile suspension system. The SC optimizer includes a fuzzy inference engine based on a Fuzzy Neural Network (FNN). The SC Optimizer provides Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) structure selection, FIS structure optimization method selection, and teaching signal selection and generation. The user selects a fuzzy model, including one or more of: the number of input and/or output variables; the type of fuzzy inference model (e.g., Mamdani, Sugeno, Tsukamoto, etc.); and the preliminary type of membership functions. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to optimize linguistic variable parameters and the input-output training patterns. A GA is also used to optimize the rule base, using the fuzzy model, optimal linguistic variable parameters, and a teaching signal. The GA produces a near-optimal FNN.

Abstract: Prioritizing text such as e-mail messages, given constrained resources, is disclosed. In one embodiment, a method first receives a plurality of messages, such as e-mail messages. The method prioritizes the messages, based on a predetermined criteria given a constrained resource. The method then outputs the messages to a user, as prioritized given the constrained resource. Specific constrained resources include limited bandwidth, limited storage space, and limited time in which to receive the texts. Embodiments include policies that include priority-sensitive truncation and summarization. Furthermore, in one embodiment, if context is detected, the priorities for caching are affected. In another embodiment, the likelihood that a user already knows all or part of the information being transmitted is considered.

Abstract: A method and related system for performing fuzzy procedures in processing devices. The method provides for calculating a degree of activation of a fuzzy proposition represented by input values having a fuzzy set associated to a triangular or trapezoidal membership function. The membership function is defined by a defined range of the input values and by an abscissa of the maximum value assumed by said membership. The method includes storing solve values corresponding to the range of definition and to the abscissa of the maximum value. The degree of activation is calculated as a function of the stored solve values, and storing of solve values includes storing the values measured on the abscissa and further at least one value measured on the ordinate corresponding to the membership function.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides a method to establish and maintain response time goals for selected business logic contained in components, which results in chosen high priority methods that respond consistently under load, enable smoother server side resource utilization, and increased scalability. The analyzing and delaying of certain processes in order to expedite processing of more important business processes helps establish optimization of multiple business processes.

Abstract: A device for filtering electrical signals has a number of inputs arranged spatially at a distance from one another and supplying respective pluralities of input signal samples. A number of signal processing channels, each formed by a neuro-fuzzy filter, receive a respective plurality of input signal samples and generate a respective plurality of reconstructed samples. An adder receives the pluralities of reconstructed samples and adds them up, supplying a plurality of filtered signal samples. In this way, noise components are shorted. When activated by an acoustic scenario change recognition unit, a training unit calculates the weights of the neuro-fuzzy filters, optimizing them with respect to the existing noise.

Abstract: A system for determining the state-of-health of batteries has an adaptive component. The system tests a battery by measuring a number of electrochemical parameters and using fuzzy logic to compute a state-of-health for the battery. The fuzzy logic computations are based upon membership functions which are preferably triangular. The membership functions may be stored in a matrix. The adaptive component adapts the system for use with new models of battery by obtaining a reliable measurement of SoH for a number of calibration batteries. Electrochemical parameters of the calibration batteries are measured. The adaptive component modifies a prototype matrix selected to match the chemistry type of the calibration batteries by scaling, translating and flexing its membership functions to achieve a matrix which specifies membership functions suitable for assessing state-of-health of the new model of battery.

Abstract: A control unit has at least one control element, in particular with at least one integrating and/or differentiating transfer characteristic which is constructed as a temporally discrete dynamic fuzzy logic control element. A temporally discrete dynamic fuzzy logic control element of this kind is for example a so-called fuzzy logic automaton, which has processing states. It is advantageous that the control unit of the invention can be constructed with control elements that each have systematically dynamic fuzzy logic properties, and in which nonlinearities can be introduced in a targeted way for a desired control performance.

Abstract: A system includes a sensor section which receives fuzzy information inputs X containing a plurality of components and converts the plurality of components into a plurality of measurable input physical quantities, a converter which receives a plurality of input physical quantities and converts the input physical quantities into a plurality of pulses having pulse widths corresponding to the magnitudes thereof, and a feature extraction section (NF) which receives a plurality of pulses, selects the plurality of pulses by using a set pulse width as a reference, and extracts feature information items y0, y1, y2, . . . which express the features of the fuzzy information inputs X from the fuzzy information inputs X according to the number of selected pulses.

Abstract: A neuro-fuzzy filter device that implements a moving-average filtering technique in which the weights for final reconstruction of the signal are calculated in a neuro-fuzzy network according to specific fuzzy rules. The fuzzy rules operate on three signal features for each input sample. The signal features are correlated to the position of the sample in the considered sample window, to the difference between a sample and the sample at the center of the window, and to the difference between a sample and the average of the samples in the window. The filter device for the analysis of a voice signal includes a bank of neuro-fuzzy filters. The signal is split into a number of sub-bands, according to wavelet theory, using a bank of analysis filters including a pair of FIR QMFs and a pair of downsamplers; each sub-band signal is filtered by a neuro-fuzzy filter, and then the various sub-bands are reconstructed by a bank of synthesis filters including a pair of upsamplers, a pair of FIR QMFs, and an adder node.

Abstract: An evaluation system (10) for evaluating media is described. The system is particularly suitable for evaluating banknotes to determine their suitability for use in an ATM. The system comprises sensing means (12) for sensing properties of media (18) including the location of any imperfection in the media, and an evaluation module (16) for evaluating imperfections in the media(18). The evaluation module (16) includes a classifier (52) comprising an artificial neural network (60) and fuzzy logic (66). The evaluation module (16) may include a plurality of classifiers (52), and a second level classifier (56) for generating a suitability index (20) from the outputs of the first level classifiers (52). A method of evaluating media is also described.

Abstract: A method for generating a network, in particular a telecommunications, water, long-distance heat supply, or power network, the network connecting all users to a main distribution node depending on the existing or definable local needs and requirements of the individual users. A graph is generated which is composed of edges and nodes. The graph includes all technically feasible and/or definable transmission paths of the network. The length and direction of the edges are derived from the real topography of the street segments and definable cable paths of the territory to be supplied by the network. The nodes form the intersections between the edges or streets and/or cable paths. The users are assigned to the graph in such a way that each user is connected to the closest edge or the closest node of the graph by an additional service edge.

Abstract: One or more embodiments of the invention provide a method, apparatus, and article of manufacture for refining an approximate location of a mobile device using fuzzy logic reasoning. An approximate location of a device is determined. A rule base that comprises an ordered collection of rules is then read into memory, or loaded from a database. A set of imprecise inputs are captured for processing in the rules. However, prior to processing the inputs in the rules, the inputs are processed to determine a magnitude of participation of the input in the rules. The rules are then applied to the imprecise inputs based on the magnitude of participation to produce a logical product. A refined location is then computed based on the logical product.

Abstract: Systems and methods are discussed that allow profile information to be reused by various versions of a program. One illustrative aspect includes a method for comparing versions of a program in binary format. The method includes finding equivalent contents in portions of two versions of the program, finding equivalent structure in the portions of the two versions, and forming a match when a portion of one of the two versions is an equivalence of a portion of the other of the two versions.

Abstract: An optimized method of computing the value of the degree of membership of a fuzzy variable defined within a universe of discourse that is discreted into a finite number of points by way of a membership function thereof, wherein the membership function is quantified into a finite number of levels corresponding to a finite number of degrees of truth, and is stored as a characteristic value of each subset of fuzzy variable values being all mirrored in one value of said degree of membership corresponding to one of said levels. The computing method includes generating a binary sequence; generating an address signal from the bits in the binary sequence; reading the contents of the memory storing the membership functions at each address signal to obtain a characteristic value; and comparing the characteristic value with the value of a fuzzy input variable.

Abstract: A system is controlled by an actor-critic based fuzzy reinforcement learning algorithm that provides instructions to a processor of the system for applying actor-critic based fuzzy reinforcement learning. The system includes a database of fuzzy-logic rules for mapping input data to output commands for modifying a system state, and a reinforcement learning algorithm for updating the fuzzy-logic rules database based on effects on the system state of the output commands mapped from the input data. The reinforcement learning algorithm is configured to converge at least one parameter of the system state to at least approximately an optimum value following multiple mapping and updating iterations. The reinforcement learning algorithm may be based on an update equation including a derivative with respect to at least one parameter of a logarithm of a probability function for taking a selected action when a selected state is encountered.

Abstract: A technique for clustering input data includes receiving data and reading a sample of the received data having a predetermined window length. The technique further includes checking the read sample of data for uncertainty and/or robustness and determining the clustering approach to be used to cluster the received data based on the outcome of the checking.

Abstract: Machine operators rely on intuition and experience to evaluate vehicle performance. As we increasingly turn to automation, it is important to automatically evaluate sensor data and system performance. Fuzzy logic allows us to take advantage of domain knowledge to evaluate data and to describe a system linguistically. In this application a fuzzy quality module evaluates output from a noisy sensor. It compares the sensor data with an estimated sensor value, and based on that comparison, dynamically adapts a fuzzy logic rulebase used to determine whether the sensor value is valid or not.

Abstract: In a Bayes mixture probability density calculator for calculating Bayes mixture probability density which reduces a logarithmic loss A modified Bayes mixture probability density is calculated by mixing traditional Bayes mixture probability density calculated on given model S with a small part of Bayes mixture probability density for exponential fiber bundle on the S. Likewise, a prediction probability density calculator is configured by including the Bayes mixture probability density calculator, and by using Jeffreys prior distribution in traditional Bayes procedure on the S.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for performing peritoneal dialysis are provided. To this end, in part, a method of controlling a medical fluid heater is provided. The method includes the steps of determining a first heater control output based on a number of measured inputs for the heater and at least one mathematical relationship between at least two of the measured inputs, determining a second heater control output based on at least one fuzzy logic membership function and at least one fuzzy logic rule, and determining a third heater control output based on the first and second outputs and using the third heater control output to control the heater.

Abstract: The invention provides the ability to test rules in a rule-based system for configuring a product. The configuration system defines the components of a product using elements contained in a parts catalog and rules that define relationships between the components of a product. The user provides test cases that select at least one part to include in the product configuration, and the configuration tester processes the rule to determine whether the at least one part selected in the test case conflicts with the plurality of parts previously included in the product configuration.

Abstract: Each of a cluster of computing balls (1) contains

Abstract: Methods, code, and apparatus are used to ensure that groups of experimental subjects selected for inclusion in a study are matched. Individuals are genotyped and the genotype data is used to determine the extent of mismatch between study groups. If groups show evidence of poor matching, then the genotype data is used to better match the study groups.

Abstract: Systems and methods for reducing ambiguity of intended communications are provided. One such method comprises: receiving information corresponding to an intended communication; in response to an input by an operator, automatically determining whether the intended communication is ambiguous; and enabling the operator to resolve the ambiguity.

Abstract: A method and system for performing fuzzy logic based de-interlacing on film source fields that might be mixed with video on film. An embodiment of the invention comprises an adaptive de-interlacer by weighing between merge operation and interpolation operation in the case of occurring video on film motion object. A weighing factor is generated from video on film pattern based on fuzzy logic inference rules. This weighing factor specifies the weighting between merging and interpolating in assigning the pixel values of the progressive display output.

Abstract: A Viterbi decoder is described, having a calculation unit (ACSU) for a Radix-2x trellis which, for each trellis state, adds the respectively associated 2x branch metrics (ZMi) to the already accumulated 2x path metrics (PMM) from 2x predecessor trellis states, and selects those of the 2x path metrics (PMi) which have been determined in this way to be extreme as the new accumulated path metric (PMM) for the addition process in the next period, with said calculation unit containing:

Abstract: The invention provides a method, system and software to screen for, identify and validate biomarkers that are predictive of a biological state, such as a cell state and/or patient status.

Abstract: A distributed fuzzy logic target signal discriminator for collision avoidance laser radar comprising a delayer, a subtractor, an arbitration module, a fuzzy logic inference module and an output module; the present invention uses fuzzy logic to design an adjustable tolerance bound &dgr;(t) for stabilizing signals. The fuzzy model is a Takagi-Sugeno type and the inference method is fuzzy inference.

Abstract: An operating system that uses artificial intelligence processes has an artificial intelligence engine, an experience analytic and statistical module, a modification module and a user interface. The artificial intelligence engine computes an experience analytic parameter from a front code and a rear code. The experience analytic and statistical module records and modifies the experience analytic parameter. The modification module modifies the front code and the rear code in accordance with the result of the experience analytic and statistical module calculation of the experience analytic parameter. The user interface inputs data or displays the result of the calculation. In the artificial intelligence engine, the experience analytic parameter is alternatively added to either the front code or the rear code to compute another experience analytic parameter.

Abstract: Real-time optimization is conducted for a control device having a fuzzy inference system that can optimize characteristics of the control device in real time, by coding parameters used in the fuzzy inference system into chromosomes, and optimizing in real time the output of the control device by subjecting the chromosomes to evolutionary computation. Coding is conducted by (i) revising a matrix of fuzzy rules used in the system by extracting a section from the matrix and coding elements of the section into chromosomes; (ii) modifying the configuration of the fuzzy rule matrix defined by membership functions by coding elements of the membership functions into chromosomes; or (iii) changing a level of an input of the parameters and a level of an output of the fuzzy inference system.

Abstract: A method is provided for optimizing a rotating induction machine system fuzzy logic controller. The fuzzy logic controller has at least one input and at least one output. Each input accepts a machine system operating parameter. Each output produces at least one machine system control parameter. The fuzzy logic controller generates each output based on at least one input and on fuzzy logic decision parameters. Optimization begins by obtaining a set of data relating each control parameter to at least one operating parameter for each machine operating region. A model is constructed for each machine operating region based on the machine operating region data obtained. The fuzzy logic controller is simulated with at least one created model in a feedback loop from a fuzzy logic output to a fuzzy logic input. Fuzzy logic decision parameters are optimized based on the simulation.

Abstract: Provision to a customer of equipment already installed into a specified enclosure to create an assembly is accomplished in an advantageous manner by the disclosed process. A manufacturer obtains the enclosure and the components of the specified equipment, installs the equipment in the enclosure and performs appropriate tests on the completed assembly before sending the assembly to the customer.

Abstract: Methods and systems for an inferential logic engine (ILE) for an interactive product selector. In an embodiment, the interactive product selector provides a user with purchase decision questions (PDQs) regarding a product/service specified by the user. Subject matter experts familiar with the specified product/service can survey the potential user responses to PDQs, and based upon the responses, establish inferences. User selections or responses can be represented logically, and a user's selections satisfying a given logical expression can cause the ILE modify the page presentation. In an embodiment, the ILE can be integrated with a Fuzzy Logic Engine (FLE), wherein inferential information can provide additional input to an existing FLE, or can filter the outputs of an existing FLE.

Abstract: A membership function unit includes a membership function setting section for adjusting positions or shapes of membership functions depending on inputs of elements influencing human senses so as to set the membership functions and a membership value computing section for computing membership function values associated with input variables in the membership functions attained by the membership function setting section. The invention also relates to a fuzzy control system development support apparatus. The invention also relates to a method of developing a fuzzy control system.