Abstract: A gas sensor 1 includes a sensor element 2, a housing 13 and an element cover 3. The sensor element 2 is provided with a gas introduction part 271 for introducing a measurement gas thereinto at a distal end portion 201 thereof. The element cover 3 includes an inner cover 4 disposed so as to cover the distal end portion 201 of the sensor element 2 and an outer cover disposed outside the inner cover 4. The outer cover 5 is provided with outer inlet openings 52 for introducing the measurement gas into the outer cover 5. The inner cover 4 is provided with inner inlet openings 42 for introducing the measurement gas into the inner cover 4. The axial intermediate position C1 of the gas introduction part 271 of the sensor element 2 is more to the axial proximal end side X2 than the axial proximal end position D1 of the inner inlet opening 42 of the inner cover 4.

Abstract: A method for modeling air pollution includes receiving a weather model for a particular geographic region. Satellite-observed pollution observation data over the geographic region is received. A physical dispersion model for pollution over the geographic region is generated using the received weather model. The received satellite-observed pollution observation data is interpolated to the generated physical model. The interpolated satellite-observed pollution observation data and the generated physical model are combined using weighted coefficients for both the interpolated satellite-observed pollution observation data and the generated physical model. The weighted coefficients are calculated in accordance with a relative error in both the physical dispersion model and the satellite-observed pollution observation data.

Abstract: Monitoring systems and apparatuses and methods for using same are generally described. A gas monitoring system may include a base component and a module component. The module may be configured to be operably coupled to the base component through corresponding interface connectors. The system may be monitor for gases and generate alarms relating thereto, when the module is connected to the base. The base and/or module may have limited or no functionality when disconnected from the module and/or base. The module may include components that typically have an increased potential for upgrades, replacement, maintenance, or other modifications. The base may include components that typically have a lower rate of being upgraded, replaced, or requiring maintenance. In this manner, high maintenance components may be arranged in a module that has a smaller and more portable form factor as compared to the base and the system overall.

Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to systems and methods for calibrating a gas detector. Some embodiments may include a gas detector comprising one or more sensing elements operable to detect volatile organic compounds (VOC), and a probe operable to provide air flow into the gas detector, wherein the probe comprises: a housing operable to attach to a main body of the gas detector and operable to hold a calibration tube during calibration of the gas detector; a cap operable to attach to the housing and operable to fit over and cover the calibration tube; and one or more inlets, wherein when a calibration tube is inserted into the probe, the air flows through the calibration tube. In some embodiments of the gas detector, the calibration tube inserted into the probe comprises activated carbon fiber (ACF) filter material.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a gas sensor capable of securing airtightness without a chip in a sensor element. The method includes a step of obtaining an assembled body constituting the gas sensor, including steps of: causing one end of the sensor element to abut to a positioning member for positioning the sensor element; applying a force F1 to the annularly-mounted members including a powder compact annularly mounted to the sensor element under a state that the sensor element is positioned and thereby compressing the powder compact so as to fix the sensor element inside of the tubular body, applying a force F2 larger than the force F1 to the annularly-mounted members under a state that the sensor element is not positioned and thereby further compressing the powder compact, so as to hermetically seal inside of the tubular body.

Abstract: A multi-channel headspace extraction needle is provided. The extraction needle includes an inner needle tube, a sealed connector, and a needle rod and an outer needle tube respectively installed on a top portion and a bottom portion of the sealed connector. The sealed connector includes a first conduit and a second conduit connected with a tube lumen of the outer needle tube. A sealing layer is disposed between a bottom tube wall of the inner needle tube, which extends into the tube lumen of the outer needle tube, and a sidewall of the outer needle tube. The sidewall of the outer needle tube includes a first through-hole and a second through-hole respectively disposed above and under the sealing layer. The first through-hole is connected with the tube lumen of the outer needle tube and the second through-hole is connected with a tube lumen of the inner needle.

Abstract: Detection sensitivity of a single-filament thermal conductivity detector is to be increased. A thermal conductivity detector is a single-filament thermal conductivity detector, and includes a measurement cell, a phase switching mechanism, and a measurement section. The measurement section starts measurement of thermal conductivity of a sample gas after a lapse of a sample gas measurement start time that is set in advance, after a reference phase is switched to a sample phase by the phase switching mechanism, and starts measurement of thermal conductivity of a reference gas after a lapse of a reference gas measurement start time that is set in advance as a length of time different from the sample gas measurement start time, after the sample phase is switched to the reference phase by the phase switching mechanism.

Abstract: An analyte sensing probe for attachment to a ferromagnetic surface, the probe comprising a flexible collector plate for placing against the surface, the collector plate having a hole in communication with one end of a capillary and defining when placed against the surface a gap through which air may flow from the periphery of the plate to the capillary, the air entraining any analyte passing through the surface for measurement by an instrument connected in use to the capillary, wherein, in order to cause the collector plate to conform to the surface, the probe further comprises a flexible magnetic assembly positioned on the side of the collector plate remote from the surface, the assembly being composed of a plurality of mutually articulated segments of which at least some are magnetically attracted to the surface.

Abstract: Improved gas leak detection from moving platforms is provided. Automatic horizontal spatial scale analysis can be performed in order to distinguish a leak from background levels of the measured gas. Source identification can be provided by using isotopic ratios and/or chemical tracers to distinguish gas leaks from other sources of the measured gas. Multi-point measurements combined with spatial analysis of the multi-point measurement results can provide leak source distance estimates. These methods can be practiced individually or in any combination.

Abstract: Improved gas leak detection from moving platforms is provided. Automatic horizontal spatial scale analysis can be performed in order to distinguish a leak from background levels of the measured gas. Source identification can be provided by using two or more tracer measurements of isotopic ratios and/or chemical tracers to distinguish gas leaks from other sources of the measured gas. Multi-point measurements combined with spatial analysis of the multi-point measurement results can provide leak source distance estimates. Qualitative source identification is provided. These methods can be practiced individually or in any combination.

Abstract: An electronic device for measuring at least one electrical characteristic of an object, including a supporting base provided with at least two measuring units each including at least two sets of electrodes including electrodes, is provided. The electrodes of the sets of electrodes of the same measuring unit are interdigitated such that each electrode of one of the sets of electrodes of the measuring unit is spaced by an inter-electrode distance from an electrode, of the other of the sets of electrodes of the measuring unit, which is adjacent thereto, the electrodes differ in the features in respect of contact with the object and/or the electrode spacing thereof so as to make a differential current measurement.

Abstract: A heating system can include certain pressure sensitive features. These features can be configured to change from a first position to a second position based on a pressure of a fuel flowing into the feature. These features can include, fuel selector valves, pressure regulators, burner nozzles, and oxygen depletion sensor nozzles, among other features.

Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system includes a housing including at least one exhaust aftertreatment component. The housing defines a body portion and an outlet portion terminating in an outlet opening. The outlet portion decreases in diameter from the body portion toward the outlet opening. A sampling tube is positioned within the outlet portion and extends between opposing sides of an inner wall of the outlet portion, with the sampling tube having a plurality of openings facing the body portion. A NOx sensor is positioned in fluid communication with an interior of the sampling tube.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods relate to suppressing electrical arcing within a fuel tank in which a fuel density sensor is located by isolating electronic components of the fuel density sensor within a cavity surrounded by a dielectric housing. The dielectric housing physically isolates the sensor electronics from fuel in the fuel tank via a fuel barrier. The dielectric housing electrically isolating the sensor electronics within the cavity from potential high voltage hazards outside the cavity. Light energy optically from a first environment outside the cavity is transmitted through the dielectric housing to a second environment within the cavity to provide operating power for the sensor electronics. The light energy is converted into DC electrical energy within the cavity. A light signal indicative of fuel density is optically transmitted from the second environment within the cavity through the dielectric housing to the first environment outside the cavity.

Abstract: A gas sensor 1 includes a sensor element 2, a housing 13 and an element cover 3. Gas introduction parts 271 are provided in the distal end portion 201 of the sensor element 2. The element cover 3 includes an inner cover 4 and an outer cover 5. The outer cover 5 is provided with outer introduction openings 52. The inner cover 4 is provided with inner introduction openings 42 and louver parts 44 each of which is folded from the end portion 421 at the axial distal end side X1 of the inner introduction opening 42 to the inside of the inner cover 4, and is formed toward the axial proximal end side X2. When the louver part 44 is projected onto the same plane as the inner introduction opening 42, a pair of lateral end edges of the louver part 44 are formed in approximately parallel to the louver forming direction heading from the base side to the distal end side of the louver part 44 and in a roughly linear shape.

Abstract: A mobile terminal a gas sensor module disposed close to the case, and configured to sense includes: a terminal body provided with a case having one or more holes; and specific gas as air is introduced into the terminal body through the hole, wherein the gas sensor module includes: a gas sensor configured to sense the specific gas; and an accommodation cap having an accommodation unit where the gas sensor is disposed, having a gas hole communicated with the hole, and having its inner surface facing the gas hole formed as an inclined surface such that the introduced air reaches the gas sensor.

Abstract: A protector includes an inside protector having an inside peripheral wall and a front end wall in a front end side thereof and a tubular outside protector which surrounds the inside protector. In an outside peripheral wall of the outside protector, a plurality of outside introducing ports through which an external part of the outside protector communicates with a gas separating chamber are formed at equal intervals along a circumferential direction. The outside introducing ports are formed at positions nearer to the front end side than positions where inside introducing ports of the inside protector are formed. The outside introducing ports extend in the circumferential direction of the outside peripheral wall and formed in shapes of lateral holes in which opening lengths in the circumferential direction are larger than opening lengths in the direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction.

Abstract: A gaseous-fluid environmental sensor having a gaseous-fluid flow system. The gaseous-fluid flow system includes a blower to move the gaseous fluid from a inlet intake port to an outlet exhaust port via a flow path. The blower includes a motor, which can have a fluid dynamic bearing. The gaseous-fluid environmental sensor further includes a flow sensor to sense a parameter relating to a flow of the gaseous fluid through the flow path and provide a signal based on the parameter, and a controller coupled to the flow sensor. The controller controls the blower based on the signal.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer readable media are disclosed for providing timing-based distance measurement to a passive radio frequency identification (“RFID”) tag using one or more wideband RF signals synchronized with the standard narrowband RF signal. In some embodiments, the narrowband RF signal activates a passive RFID tag creating a backscatter reflection target which returns a modulated narrowband signal and a wideband signal from the passive RFID tag. The one or more wideband receivers determine time-of-flight and/or time-of-arrival measurements for the returned wideband signal. A location measurement is then calculated for the passive RFID tag using the tag data, the known location of the wideband transceivers, and the time-of-flight/time-of-arrival data.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a safety protection device for Raman spectroscopy detection and a Raman spectroscopy detection system including the safety protection device. The safety protection device includes: a detection cavity including a cavity body, the cavity body having an opening end through which a sample to be detected is allowed to be placed into the detection cavity; and a cover configured to cover and engage the opening end so as to form, together with the detection cavity, an explosion proof container defining a space for receiving the sample to be detected, the detection cavity further includes a detection opening formed in the cavity body such that a Raman detection probe is allowed to be inserted into the space through the detection opening so as to detect the sample.

Abstract: A system and method for determining the quality of natural gas is provided. The system includes a fuel line for communicating natural gas to an engine. An infrared light source is disposed along the fuel line and is configured to emit a beam of infrared light into the fuel line having a wavelength of 6 to 10 micrometers. An infrared light detector detects a transmission value of the natural gas as the beam of infrared light passes through the fuel line. A natural gas quality module receives the transmission value from the infrared light detector and determines a quality value of the natural gas based on an amount of infrared light absorbed by methane in the natural gas. An engine control module, including a feed-forward control loop, receives the quality value from the natural gas quality module and alters an operating parameter of the engine in response thereto.

Abstract: The device for cooperation control of the EMS and the DMS comprises: a calculation unit for calculating an AQI index on the basis of target system information and power flow calculation data; a determination unit which determines whether or not to perform reactive power cooperation control switching of the DMS on the basis of the calculated AQI index and the amount of needed local reserve reactive power (Qreq), and which determines a suppliable reactive power capacity on the basis of the amount of needed local reserve reactive power (Qreq) and a suppliable reactive power range; and a control unit which transmits a cooperation control mode switching control signal so as to switch the DMS to a reactive power cooperation control mode if it is determined that reactive power cooperation control switching of the DMS is to be performed, and which controls the DMS to supply reactive power.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light emitting diode (LED) chip, in which a hybrid sensor is formed in a nitride-based LED structure. A chip structure embedded with such a hybrid sensor functions as an LED light emitting sensor which can monitor environmental pollution while functioning as a lighting element at the same time and has an effect of being used as a variety of environment pollution sensors according to the type of an electrode material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for object segmentation in videos tagged with semantic labels, including: detecting each frame of a video sequence with an object bounding box detector from a given semantic category and an object contour detector, and obtaining a candidate object bounding box set and a candidate object contour set for each frame of the input video; building a joint assignment model for the candidate object bounding box set and the candidate object contour set and solving the model to obtain the initial object segment sequence; processing the initial object segment, to estimate a probability distribution of the object shapes; and optimizing the initial object segment sequence with a variant of graph cut algorithm that integrates the shape probability distribution, to obtain an optimal segment sequence.

Abstract: A purge gas flow rate in a carrier that houses a smaller number of articles than a usual number is measured. The flow rate of the purge gas supplied from a nozzle of a shelf support in a rack is measured by a measurement device. The measurement device includes a substrate, a gas introduction section provided on a bottom surface of the substrate and configured to introduce the purge gas when coming into contact with the nozzle of the shelf support, while maintaining contact with the nozzle airtight with a load from the substrate, a circuit including a flowmeter that measures the purge gas flow rate and a power supply, and a plurality of legs movable in a vertical direction with respect to the substrate and defining a portion of the weight of the measurement device supported on the shelf support.

Abstract: A multi-modal olfactometer including a carrier assembly slidably coupled with a track and movable between a loading and testing position, a distribution block coupled with the carrier assembly and including a plurality of independent flow channels, a plurality of bottles configured for containing a gas stimuli and for being coupled with the distribution block, a plurality of tubes in flow communication with corresponding channels defined in the distribution block, an outlet piece including a plurality of independent flow channels that are each in flow communication with one of the respective tubes, and at least one actuator positioned adjacent to the bottles when the carrier assembly is in the testing position. The actuator operates to impact each of the bottles to cause the respective gas stimulus to flow through the respective channel in the distribution block, tube, and channel in the outlet piece for inhalation by a test subject.

Abstract: Sensing particular gases in a mixture uses precise modulated heating. Sensor relative responses are compared at different temperatures and compared with known relative responses to identify gases and concentrations. Heater current sensors provide feedback control and microprocessor inputs. A processor controls complex impedances and varied frequencies in the sensors. Sensor responses at varied complex impedances and at varied frequencies are compared with known responses at those impedances and frequencies to determine existence and concentration of particular gases. Heater and sensor buses are separate or combined.

Abstract: Non-contact magnetic, optical or RF control elements can be used to control various operational aspects, or parameters of a gas detector. The detector can be placed in a low current, or sleep, mode wherein the operational life-time is not reduced by the duration of the sleep mode. Instructions can be coupled to the detector magnetically, optically, or via RF to alter set points or other operating parameters. Information as to bump tests can also be coupled to the detector.

Abstract: In systems and methods for analyzing traces of airborne compounds, the air to be analyzed is circulated for a given length of time through a small-diameter analysis tube while lowering the temperature of the air at the entrance to the analysis tube. Condensation and deposits of compounds are formed on the inner walls of the analysis tube. A scraping liquid is circulated through the analysis tube to scrape off the deposits. The compounds in the deposits are concentrated at the front of this liquid. The front of the liquid is then analyzed to identify the compounds.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer interface, having improved sensitivity and reduced chemical background, is disclosed. The mass spectrometer interface provides improved desolvation, chemical selectivity and ion transport. A flow of partially solvated ions is transported along a tortuous path into a region of disturbance of flow, where ions and neutral molecules collide and mix. Thermal energy is applied to the region of disturbance to promote liberation of at least some of the ionized particles from any attached impurities, thereby increasing the concentration of the ionized particles having the characteristic m/z ratios in the flow. Molecular reactions and low pressure ionization methods can also be performed for selective removal or enhancement of particular ions.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide systems, devices, and method for monitoring gas emissions within a geographic area. A method for monitoring gas emissions may include providing a gas-monitoring device configured to be moved within the geographic area. The method may also include determining geographic locations of the device as the device is moved within the geographic area, determining a quantity of one or more gases in the air as the device is moved within the geographic area, and associating the geographic locations with the quantity of gases to provide gas emissions data for the geographic area. The gas emissions data may be communicated to one or more external devices, sources, and/or systems for analysis, documentation, and/or compliance reporting.

Abstract: Variable volume systems and methods of use thereof described herein are capable of making calibrated determinations of fluid properties and phase behavior of a fluid sample. The determinations can be calibrated based on one or more calibration functions, such as system volume corrected for pressure and temperature variations. Cross-checking the results of measurements can be used to determine accuracy of the calibration or monitor for leaks or other anomalies of the variable volume systems. The variable volume systems can be implemented in a well logging tool and are capable of being calibrated downhole.

Abstract: A molecular recognition sensor system is provided incorporating a molecular imprinted nanosensor device.

Abstract: Provided are a method of reliably assembling a gas sensor. A plurality of annular mounting members are repeatedly subjected to following steps: bringing a sensor element into an upper-side held state in which the element is held such that an upper end thereof extends vertically with a lower end thereof being inserted into a recess; fitting a through hole of an annular mounting member with the upper end of the element brought in to the upper-side clamped state; and switching from the upper-side held state to a lower-side held state in which the element is held such that the lower end thereof extends vertically, to thereby cause the annular mounting member to reach a predetermined annularly mounting position. Then, the resultant intermediate assembly product is sandwiched by a centering device to minimize the outside diameter thereof, and thereafter, a tubular body is annularly mounted to the intermediate assembly product.

Abstract: An apparatus and associated method using a light source selectively emitting an incident beam. A thin film is disposed in a path of and responsive to the incident beam to produce a reflected beam. A light-sensing probe is capable of detecting the reflected beam. Ambient environment logic responsive to the light-sensing probe compares a position of the reflected beam to an expected position to make a characteristic determination of a selected ambient environment through which the incident beam propagated.

Abstract: An aptamer-based solid-state electrochemical biosensor for label-free detection of Salmonella enterica serovars utilizing immobilized aptamers. The device is realized by forming a matrix array of parallel capacitors, thus allowing the realization of low-cost, portable, fully integrated devices. Protein-aptamer binding modulates the threshold voltage of a circuit, changing the impedance (capacitance) of the circuit. This circuit is further characterized by an electrode coded with a p-Si substrate, enhancing the affinity between the Salmonella outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and the aptamer. An aptamer embedded detection plate is configured within a testing lid device that fits a standard, commercially available polymer specimen jar. A sample is mixed with broth for incubation and cultivation of any present Salmonella bacteria to obtain acceptable concentration of the pathogen for testing. The information obtained can then be transmitted by wireless network.

Abstract: The present invention concerns electrode catalysts used in fuel cells, such as proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The invention is related to the reduction of the noble metal content and the improvement of the catalytic efficiency by low level substitution of the noble metal to provide new and innovative catalyst compositions in fuel cell electrodes. The novel electrode catalysts of the invention comprise a noble metal selected from Pt, Pd and mixtures thereof alloyed with a further element selected from Sc, Y and La as well as any mixtures thereof, wherein said alloy is supported on a conductive support material.

Abstract: Improvements are provided in the detection of atmospheric vapors by ionizing them near ambient pressure, and analyzing them as ions. Lowest detection limits of parts per quadrillion (ppq) concentrations are enabled by a combination of improvements, including the use of a filter to remove occasional intense signal from explosive particles. Several sources of chemical background are identified and solutions for their reduction or elimination are presented. Gains in response time may be achieved by operating at elevated temperature. When the ionizer is an electrospray source, the use of high boiling point solvents is indicated. An increased selectivity is achieved by operating a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) in series with a mass spectrometer. However, ppq sensitivities require various improvements in the DMA system including a special coupling to the ionizer, controlling the temperature in the DMA pump circuit, avoidance of induction on the DMA electrodes from heating devices, etc.

Abstract: A portable metered flow apparatus for accurately providing calibration gas from a calibration gas source to a gas monitoring instrument in order to permit calibration/bump testing of the instrument comprising a regulator and a gas delivery device that includes a solenoid valve, an electronic timing circuit, means for providing power to the solenoid valve and the electronic timing circuit, a power switch for activating the electronic timing circuit, means for activating the release of calibration gas; and optionally one or more LED lights. A method for calibration/bump testing of a gas monitoring device utilizing the portable metered flow apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: A dual fuel heater (10) includes a pressure regulator converter (11) in fluid communication with a control valve (21), which in turn is in fluid communication with a selector valve (40) through a NG/LP pilot line (48) having a splitter (49) to form a NG pilot line (50) and a LP pilot line (51) extending to an LP pilot nozzle (67). The selector valve is moveable between an NG “on” position wherein fuel entering the selector valve passes to a burner (60) and to a NG pilot nozzle (65), and an NG “off” position (LP “on” position) wherein fuel passes to the burner and not to either the NG pilot nozzle or the LP pilot nozzle. The NG pilot nozzle is oriented so that its flame heats the first thermocouple associated with the NG pilot nozzle and ignites fuel expelled from the LP pilot nozzle.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer of reduced size and weight is provided which is capable to conduct highly accurate mass spectroscopy. The mass spectrometer includes an ion source adapted to ionize gas flowing in from outside in order to ionize a measurement sample and a mass spectroscopy section for separating the ionized measurement sample. The ion source has its interior reduced in pressure by differential pumping from the mass spectroscopy section and ionizes the gas when the interior pressure rises as it inhales the gas, and the mass spectroscopy section separates the ionized measurement sample when its interior pressure falls after inhale of the gas. The mass spectrometer may further include a restriction device for suppressing a flow rate of the gas the ion source inhales and an open/close device for opening and closing a flow of the gas the ion source inhales.

Abstract: An exchange membrane unit includes a first separation membrane, a first space that is connected to a second space via the first separation membrane, a first path that supplies a first fluid (carrier gas) to the first space and supplies chemical substances, which have passed through the first separation membrane from the second space into the first space and diffused, to an ion detector using the first fluid discharged from the first space, and a first ionizing unit provided in the first space. It is possible to provide a preprocessing system that produces little pollution and enables an ion detector to operate with high sensitivity. The present invention can be applied to FAIMS.

Abstract: Radiance efficiency measurement. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium includes executable instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors to calculate, based on input radiation data, which is based on radiation from a radiation source, a difference of a radiance of the radiation source and a radiance of a background to the radiation source. The one or more processors are further caused to calculate, based on the difference, a transmissivity of the radiation source such that the calculated transmissivity of the radiation source is defined for flare combustion temperatures. The one or more processors are further caused to output the transmissivity of the radiation source.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for modifying the properties of a thin layer (1) formed on the surface of a support (2) forming a substrate (3) utilized in the field of microelectronics, nanoelectronics or microtechnology, nanotechnology, characterized in that it consists of: forming at least one thin layer (1) on a nanostructured support with high specific surface (2), and treating the nanostructured support with high specific surface (2) to generate internal strains in the support causing its deformation at least in the plane of the thin layer so as to ensure corresponding deformation of the thin layer to modify its properties.

Abstract: The present invention is a transportable portal for screening a target, which may be a person, standing or placed inside the portal. It employs two walls with air ducts in the walls, usually two ducts per wall running from the bottom to the top of each wall, and having a number of air intakes spaced along the height of the wall. A blower module blows air downward on the target to dislodge particles and vapor, which are drawn in the air ducts and analyzed by a detection module. Each detection module may have a pre-concentrator with a nano-platinum surface for collecting and pyrolyzing samples, and chemical, optical and radiation detectors for detecting illicit materials. The portal may be disassembled or reassembled by two people using hand tools in less than one hour and then placed in a space of less than one cubic meter for transport.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a homogeneous batch (1) of pressurized fluid cylinders (2) during at least part of the use cycle of said cylinders. According to the invention, each of the cylinders (2) is provided with a valve (3) having an electronic device (4) including at least one sensor (14) for measuring the pressure (P) inside the cylinder (2), a system (44) for storing/acquiring and processing data and an electromagnetic wave transmitter (34), for example using radio frequency, designed for the remote transmission of at least one of the following items of information: the identity of the cylinder (2) and the pressure (P) measured inside said cylinder.

Abstract: A network of nanowires may be used for a sensor. The nanowires are metallic, each nanowire has a thickness of at most 20 nm, and each nanowire has a width of at most 20 nm. The sensor may include nanowires comprising Pd, and the sensor may sense a change in hydrogen concentration from 0 to 100%. A device may include the hydrogen sensor, such as a vehicle, a fuel cell, a hydrogen storage tank, a facility for manufacturing steel, or a facility for refining petroleum products.

Abstract: A heating system can include certain pressure sensitive features. These features can be configured to change from a first position to a second position based on a pressure of a fuel flowing into the feature. These features can include, fuel selector valves, pressure regulators, burner nozzles, and oxygen depletion sensor nozzles, among other features.

Abstract: The concept underlying the invention is the development of a generic method for the detection and identification of gases in airplane interior spaces and an associated device, which is small and manageable, has a simple design, and allows the immediate and simultaneous detection and identification of the gases to be examined. This is achieved in that the supply air of the airplane interior space (20) is fed to a measuring device (1) and the measurement results of the measuring device (1) are analyzed by means of mathematical methods. Such methods and the associated devices for the detection and identification of gases in airplane interior spaces are used in order to spot and verify gases, particularly odors and explosive gases and/or gases harmful to people's health.

Abstract: Described is a personal device and methods for measuring the concentration of an analyte in a sample of gas. The device and method may utilize a chemically selective sensor element with low power consumption integrated with circuitry that enables wireless communication between the sensor and any suitable electronic readout such as a smartphone, tablet, or computer. In preferred form, the sensor circuitry relies upon the quantum capacitance effect of graphene as a transduction mechanism. Also in preferred form, the device and method employ the functionalization of the graphene-based sensor to determine the concentration of ethanol in exhaled breath.