Abstract: A gas chromatograph controlled by a pair of microprocessors to have improved thermal maintenance and process operation. The microprocessors are operable to run independently of each other, with one microprocessor controlling heaters and other control devices and the other microprocessor running a graphical user interface. The two microprocessors are separated by a gas chromatograph assembly that includes one or more separation columns.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a multi-channel chromatogram is realized for accurately resolving overlapping peaks on a multi-channel chromatogram to permit analysis of the composition of a sample. First, components of overlapping peaks are specified. A data matrix Dij is determined, and compressed in the wavelength direction to obtain a data matrix vector Di. Next, the two-dimensional data is deconvoluted, final standard deviation s0 is registered, and the deconvoluted two-dimensional data is reconvoluted to a retention intensity matrix. A quantitative spectral intensity matrix is computed, components are identified, and the identified components are quantified. Subsequently, an eigenvalue problem is solved, and the number n of components is estimated. The deconvolution and computation of the eigenvalue problem are iteratively executed until the peaks are isolated. Then, elution profiles are calculated, the components are identified, and the identified components are quantified.

Abstract: An apparatus (200) for deriving an operation mode from a first fluidic device to a second fluidic device, wherein the first fluidic device has a first target operation mode (300) representing a desired behavior of the first fluidic device and has a first real operation mode (304) representing the actual behavior of the first fluidic device, wherein the second fluidic device has a second target operation mode (312) representing a desired behavior of the second fluidic device and has a second real operation mode (314) representing the actual behavior of the second fluidic device, the apparatus (200) comprising a first determining unit (202) adapted for determining the first real operation mode (304) based on the first target operation mode (300) and based on a preknown parameterization (302) of the first fluidic device, and a second determining unit (204) adapted for determining the second target operation mode (312) based on the determined first real operation mode (304) and based on a preknown parameterizatio

Abstract: A method to simulate distillation of a petroleum stream by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography including the step of separating said petroleum stream with a two-dimensional gas chromatograph to determine polarity as a function of temperature, and integrating vertically the two-dimensional gas chromatograph at a given temperature to determine signal intensity as a function of temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a novel lipokine, C16:1n7-palmitoleate, which also serves as a biomarker for metabolic status. More specifically, a low concentration of C16:1n7-palmitoleate in the free acid component of the serum indicates a risk of metabolic disease, and that de novo lipogenesis should be stimulated. Additionally, administering C16:1n7-palmitoleate to a subject (via nutraceutical or other means), positively impacts lipid metabolism.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing a thermal response test to determine thermo-physical properties of a geothermal heat exchange resource. The apparatus includes a geothermal heat exchanger adapted to circulate a fluid through a loop in a sample borehole in the geothermal heat exchange resource and a variable speed pumping system capable of time-dynamic control of a fluid flow rate of the fluid. A multi-stage heating system is capable of applying a series of time-dynamic heat pulses to the fluid. The apparatus further includes a fluid temperature sensor and one or more fluid pressure, fluid density and/or fluid flow rate sensors, the sensors measuring data on the properties of the fluid that are predictive of the thermo-physical properties of the geothermal heat exchange resource.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for detecting bowel transplant rejection. The detection method according to the invention is a method for the in vitro detection of bowel transplant rejection comprising steps for measuring the concentration at markers in a fluid sample, calculating the difference for each marker with a reference concentration, comparing for each marker the difference with a discriminatory threshold variation and assigning a score. The present invention is particularly applicable in the medical field, more specifically in the field of transplantations and transplant rejection detection.

Abstract: Ruthenium/activated charcoal (Ru/AC) treated with synthesized nano-ZnO (n-ZnO) is used for the first time as a novel composite catalyst in one-step self-condensation of acetone (DMK) to methyl isobutyl ketone in the gas phase. The DMK self-condensation was performed under atmospheric pressure, in a tubular glass fixed-bed microreactor, under DMK and H2 continuous flow at temperature in the range of 523 to 648 K. Addition of n-ZnO to Ru/AC resulted in a pronounced increase in the degree of dispersion of Ru and in the acidic/basic sites concentration ratio. For the one-step synthesis of MIBK at 623 K, the composite catalyst with 2.5 wt % Ru loading was an active and selective bi-functional composite catalyst with balanced acid/base and hydrogenation properties. At 523 K, isopropyl alcohol, product of DMK-direct hydrogenation, was produced in high selectivity for instantly investigated composite catalyst.

Abstract: A LASER based system for analysis of fluids utilizing frequency shift analysis. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid for analysis is reduced to a gaseous state so that it can be injected into an extended LASER cavity, so as to detect minute frequency shifts caused by the various gases in the cavity via sensors associated with the cavity. The present invention thereby provides stable detection system, with microprocessor-based electronics, which can be used to provide analyses of the gases, and thus the input liquids and its markers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a field gas chromatograph with flame ionization for the analysis of a gaseous mixture of hydrocarbons, extracted, in particular, from oil drilling mud. Said mixture consists of a fraction of heavy hydrocarbons (beyond pentane) dissolved in mud in gaseous form. Said field gas chromatograph is made up of two independent analysis circuits, dephased by half a cycle and synchronised one with the other. Said analysis circuits are comprised of at least one sampling cell in a preferred design layout, at least one capillary separation chromatography column, at least one flame ionization detector, and at least one electrometer for the conversion of an electrical current, collected by the flame ionization detector, into a voltage signal describing a chromatogram.

Abstract: A feed-through module for an analyzer, such as a gas chromatograph. The feed-through module is adapted for connection to a plurality of tubes and for conveying fluids between the tubes and an enclosed volume of a housing of the analyzer. The feed-through module includes a connection structure threadably secured to the housing and a feed plate removably mounted to the connection structure. A plurality of connectors are secured to the feed plate. The connection structure and the feed plate cooperate to define a plurality of internal flow networks. Each flow network is operable to convey one of the fluids between one of the connectors and the enclosed volume of the housing. Within each flow network, a stream of fluid is split and then recombined.

Abstract: A method of using an ionic liquid as solvent in headspace gas chromatography.

Abstract: A flash system and method is disclosed to control the rate of flashing a reservoir fluid sample from reservoir conditions to a given pressure and temperature in order to produce a liquid and a gas phase of the sample. The flash system comprises a flash apparatus including a separating chamber, a metering valve positioned at an inlet of the separating chamber, and a gas flow meter positioned at an outlet of the separating chamber. A pump is provided to displace the sample from a sample chamber to the flash apparatus, wherein the pump speed and the discharge rate of the metering valve can be automatically controlled. The flash system may be used in a laboratory environment and at the site of an oilfield reservoir. The present disclosure provides a universal flash system and method that can limit operator actions to a minimum of simple operations to ensure the repeatability of the process independent of the operator's skill.

Abstract: A gas chromatograph oven including a housing, a capillary tube and a thermal control assembly. The housing defining a capillary tube receiving space and having at least one outlet port to permit the passage of a fluid from the capillary tube receiving space of the housing. The capillary tube is positioned in the capillary tube receiving space of the housing and has a gas inlet end connectable to a gas injector and a gas detector end connectable to a gas detector. The thermal control assembly is in fluid communication with the capillary tube receiving space of the housing and is connectable to a source of a temperature regulating fluid.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided to measure isotopic characteristics of a number of sample types. Embodiments of the invention combine novel and existing components to produce more accurate isotopic information. Further, embodiments of the invention allow for isotopic readings to be taken and analyzed outside of a laboratory. An example of such an embodiment is an apparatus comprising a combustion furnace; a reactant tube passing through the combustion furnace; an injector coupled to one, or a combination of, the combustion furnace, and reactant tube, to introduce a sample; a laser isotopic measurement device coupled to the reactant tube on the exit end; and a processor electrically coupled to one, or a combination of, the injector, the combustion furnace, the reactant tube, and the isotopic measurement device, in which a carrier gas transports the sample through the apparatus.

Abstract: A system for analyzing the content of a gas, characterised by comprising means for drawing off the gas developed during article moulding; means for feeding the drawn-off gas to a gas chromatograph.

Abstract: A sample concentrator for concentrating analytes in a solvent-containing liquid sample stream, including concentrator housing having a sample stream flow channel and a gas stream flow channel having an inlet and an outlet, a heater for gas in the gas stream conduit, and a hydrophilic ion exchange or non-ionic membrane barrier separating said gas stream flow channel and said sample stream flow channel. Solvent is evaporated from the liquid sample stream in said sample stream flow channel in or at the interface with said membrane, when the gas stream is at an elevated temperature. A regeneration step is used to regenerate the ion exchange membrane barrier.

Abstract: The invention relates to a miniaturized gas chromatograph and injector for the same. Said micro-GC is compact and simple and economical to construct. Dead volumes are largely avoided in order to achieve reliable and reproducible measured results. Said miniaturized gas chromatograph comprises at least one injector, one separation column and a detector which are combined on a circuit board to give a gas chromatography module. The injector comprises a first sheet with channels, which is provided with a second sheet with channels and which may be displaced relative to the latter, whereby at least one of the sheets is provided with a layer of plastic, in particular a chemically inert plastic on the side of the sheet facing the other side.

Abstract: A gas detection system and method for analysis of infrared gas spectra is used for chemical threat detection, quantification and alarm, using a chemical library, a chemical threat list, and a background model that incorporates the data history, allows spectra containing interferent signals into the background model, the model being updated using delay buffering to prevent threat spectra incorporation and using exponential decays to preferentially represent recent background history, all computed in the logarithmic space for rapid detection and alarm.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a field-mounted analyzer having a graphical user interface (GUI). The analyzer has a display screen visible from the exterior of the housing. A plurality of magnetically-actuatable switches are mounted behind the display screen. The GUI has a plurality of windows that may be displayed on the display screen. Navigation through the windows is accomplished by activating switches aligned with graphical navigation icons in the windows.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus by which PCBs in insulating oil can be analyzed with high accuracy in a convenient, inexpensive, and rapid manner. The method for analyzing polychlorobiphenyls by measuring the concentration of polychlorobiphenyls in insulating oil comprises a step of, as pretreatment, bringing particles of a copolymer that contains divinylbenzene and a methacrylate organic monomer as monomer components into contact with insulating oil containing polychlorobiphenyls, so as to separate polychlorobiphenyls in insulating oil from oil content that is an impurity. The methacrylate organic monomer preferably has a diol type hydroxyl group.

Abstract: A purge and trap concentrator system that includes a sparge vessel, and includes a variable gas flow valve for controlling the gas pressure in an analytic trap or the sparge vessel; a sensor that detects both a foaming sample state and a high liquid level in the sparge vessel, using one optical sensor; a control scheme that re-directs the purge gases to a second inlet of the sparge vessel during a foaming condition; a control scheme that uses a split flow to enhance the quantity of sample gases passed from an analytic trap; an electrically powered thermal energy source with a fan raising the sparge vessel temperature via thermal convection.

Abstract: A taggant comprising at least one perfluorocarbon compound surrounded by a polyphosphazene compound. The polyphosphazene compound has the chemical structure: wherein G1 and G2 are pendant groups having different polarities, m is an integer greater than or equal to 100, and each of A and B is independently selected from hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkene, an alkoxide, a polyether, a polythioether, a siloxane, and —X(CH2)nY1(CH2)p1Y2(CH2)p2 . . . Yi(CH2)piCH3, where n ranges from 1 to 6, X and Y are independently selected from oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium, and p1 through pi range from 1 to 6. Cyclic polyphosphazene compounds lacking the A and B groups are also disclosed, as are methods of forming the taggant and of detecting an object.

Abstract: A method for the analysis of isotope ratios, wherein at least one sample gas and/or at least one reference gas are supplied to at least one analytical device via at least one open split, the addition of a carrier gas also being possible. According to the invention, the concentration of the sample gas and/or reference gas passing into the analytical device is controlled by the supply of the respective carrier gas or by direct supply of the sample gas into the analytical device. In the device according to the invention for supplying gases to at least one analytical device, two or more capillaries are provided for sample gases, the capillaries in each case having their own drive for the movement between mixing zone and waiting zone.

Abstract: A chromatographic measurement apparatus for measuring a color development state of an insoluble carrier with a sample solution and a label solution developed thereon to test a test article, the insoluble carrier including a test detection area where a material that binds specifically to a test article is immobilized and a control detection area used for determining an end of measurement. The chromatographic measurement apparatus includes: a determining unit for carrying out determination of validity and determination of necessity of amplification of a test result of the test article; and an amplifying unit for amplifying the color development state according to the result of the determination of necessity of amplification by the determining unit. The amplification is carried out only when it is determined that amplification is necessary.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus for a radiant energy heated oven is disclosed, where the cooling apparatus cools the oven by directing a flow of coolant through a chamber in thermal communication with the oven resulting in sub-ambient cooling, sub-ambient holds, and in chromatography instruments, higher sample throughput by reducing cycle time or column cool down time.

Abstract: A method for examining Alzheimer's disease comprising (1) the measurement step of measuring an amount of lidocaine or a metabolite thereof in a cerebrospinal fluid derived from a lidocaine-administered test subject, and (2) the determination step of determining whether the test subject has Alzheimer's disease or not on the basis of the measured amount.

Abstract: Analyzers are described that contain a detector for detecting a signal from an analyte; a heater for heating a fluid; a fluid supplier for supplying the fluid heated by the heater to the detector; and a controller for controlling the detector, the heater, and the fluid supplier. Methods for analyzing analytes are also described.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method of processing Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil to manufacture a diesel fuel base stock, the method including: (a) fractionating, in a fractionator, Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil obtained by a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis method into at least two fractions of a middle fraction containing a component having a boiling point range corresponding to diesel fuel oil and a wax fraction containing a wax component heavier than the middle fraction; (b) bringing the wax fraction into contact with a hydrocracking catalyst in a hydrocracking reactor to obtain a hydrocracked product; (c) separating a gas component from the hydrocracked product to produce hydrocracked oil in a gas-liquid separator disposed in the rear of the hydrocracking reactor used in the step (b); (d) measuring the composition of the gas component separated in the step (c); (e) calculating a cracking rate in the hydrocracking reaction based on the composition of the gas component measured in the step (d

Abstract: Imidazolium-based dicationic liquid salts and methods of using such imidazolium-based dicationic liquid salts in techniques such as ESI-MS are provided.

Abstract: A gas chromatographic device comprises an inlet system and a chromatography column. The inlet system includes a liner having pressure reducing means contained therein for reducing pressure between an inlet of the pressure reducing means and an outlet of the pressure reducing means. When the devise is in use, the chromatography column is positioned in the liner of the inlet system downstream from the pressure reducing means, and the chromatography column is under vacuum at its outlet.

Abstract: To use a monolithic silica body in chromatography with a HPLC column or a GC column and to simplify the use thereof as a separation medium, it is intended to provide a method of cladding a main body of a monolithic adsorbent or separating agent with glass so as to protect the outer surface, and to provide a separation medium prepared by the method. To this end, a monolithic silica body alone is formed by molding, and the molding is coated with a glass body; and then the glass body and the monolithic silica body are fused and integrated at the melting temperature of the glass body at an appropriate pressure. The surface of the resulting monolithic silica body clad with glass is strongly protected by the glass, and the homogeneity of the interior of the monolithic silica body is maintained, and thus uniform flow of a sample solution ensures analytical accuracy.

Abstract: A system for measurement and analysis of pipeline contaminants is provided. The system includes a first assembly for engaging a pipeline from which a first fluid flow sample may be isokinetically collected for measurement of aerosol contaminants. The system also includes a second assembly for engaging the pipeline from which a second fluid flow sample may be collected for chromatographic analysis of the aerosol contaminants. The system may further include a third assembly for engaging the pipeline from which a fluid flow sample may be obtained for measurement of solid contaminants. Information on aerosol contaminants and solid contaminants can subsequently be used to select an appropriate extraction technology to control the presence of aerosol and solid contaminants within the pipeline.

Abstract: A gas chromatograph for connection to a source of carrier gas and a source of a sample gas. The gas chromatograph includes a first bridge circuit with a sample sensor connected therein and a second bridge circuit with a reference sensor connected therein. The outputs of the bridge circuits are digitized and then subtracted from each other in a processor.

Abstract: An arrangement is disclosed for monitoring an installation for thermal loading, having at least one sensor and having evaluation electronics which are connected to the at least one sensor. An indicator substance is arranged at least one point or on at least one component in the installation. The amount of the indicator substances released into the environment is temperature-dependent. The indicator substance can be detected by the at least one sensor.

Abstract: A low maintenance adjustable system for sampling gas from a well using a gas analyzer; a conditioning and filtering device; a gas trap having a plurality of couplings, a plurality of hammer unions, a plurality of base manifold pipes, a base manifold flow line, a chimney pipe connected to the base manifold flow line, a controllable valve, a reducer connected to the chimney, an expansion chamber component connected to the reducer, a restrictor mounted to the expansion chamber component, and a conduit connection connected to the restrictor for engaging a conduit to flow a gas sample from the gas trap to a gas analyzer.

Abstract: A portable weather resistant gas chromatograph system with a gas chromatograph enclosure having a body and a movable door and a seal, a gas chromatograph with a frame assembly removably secured in the enclosure, a plurality of exhaust gas lines connected to the gas chromatograph, an explosion proof terminal box with circuit breakers and terminals mounted to the enclosure, a communication conduit and armored power cable between the explosion proof terminal box and the gas chromatograph, a purge gas conduit port for the gas chromatograph, a pedestal for the enclosure, and at least two lifting eyes connected to the enclosure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chromatographic method for eliminating interference from interfering agents, coming from the gas sample itself or from the system material used to perform the impurities measurements, on impurities to be quantified in a gas sample. The method advantageously relies on the use of an additional valve and an additional sample loop particularly arranged in a G. C. system, and also on an additional supporting gas inlet operatively connected to the system through the additional sample loop for providing the system with a supporting gas comprising at least a predetermined portion of a predetermined active gas that will react with the unwanted interfering impurities, if any, or with the column material to cancel out unwanted active sites. Thus, the method of the present invention can advantageously be used in gas chromatographic systems to improve sensitivity thereof by acting on column separation material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid phase extraction body, methods for its manufacture, uses of such extraction body and analytical methods involving such extraction body.

Abstract: A purge and trap concentrator system that includes a sparge vessel, and includes a variable gas flow valve for controlling the gas pressure in an analytic trap or the sparge vessel; a sensor that detects both a foaming sample state and a high liquid level in the sparge vessel, using one optical sensor; a control scheme that re-directs the purge gases to a second inlet of the sparge vessel during a foaming condition; a control scheme that uses a split flow to enhance the quantity of sample gases passed from an analytic trap; an electrically powered thermal energy source with a fan raising the sparge vessel temperature via thermal convection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing a predisposition for diabetes comprising determining at least one metabolite in a test sample of a subject suspected to have a predisposition for diabetes and comparing said at least one metabolite to a reference, whereby a predisposition for diabetes is to be diagnosed. Moreover, the present invention encompasses a collection of metabolites, a data collection comprising characteristic values of metabolites and a storage medium comprising said data collection. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a system comprising means for comparing characteristic values of metabolites of a sample operatively linked to a data storage medium. Further encompassed by the present invention are diagnostic means comprising at least one metabolite and the use of said at least one metabolite for the manufacture of diagnostic means for diagnosing a predisposition for diabetes.

Abstract: An ion source includes structure having separate first and second ion volumes therein, and electron source structure having first and second portions that selectively supply electrons to the first and second ion volumes, respectively. The electron source structure has a first operational mode in which the second portion substantially prevents a supply of electrons to the second ion volume and in which electrons are supplied to the first ion volume under control of the first portion, and has a second operational mode in which the first portion substantially prevents a supply of electrons to the first ion volume and in which electrons are supplied to the second ion volume under control of the second portion.

Abstract: A device for sampling fluid from an earth formation is disclosed. The device includes: an inlet port disposable in fluid communication with the fluid in a borehole; an injector including an injection chamber in fluid communication with the inlet port, the injector configured to receive a portion of the fluid and direct the fluid toward an analysis unit for analyzing constituent materials in the fluid; and a high pressure valve configured to admit the portion of the fluid at a borehole pressure and release the portion of the fluid into the injector, the portion having a volume that is less than or equal to about one microliter. A system and method for analyzing constituents of fluid in a borehole in an earth formation is also disclosed.

Abstract: This device comprises a means (111) for forming a gaseous flow from the sample, and a means (121) for separation by means of selective retention each gaseous constituent. It comprises a means (113) for combustion of the gaseous flow in order to form a gaseous residue from each constituent, and a means (115) for quantifying the content of each constituent to be analysed in the gaseous flow. The quantification means (115) comprise an optical measurement cell (127) which is connected to the combustion means (113), and a means (161) for introducing a laser incident optical signal into the cell (127). The quantification means (115) also comprise means (133) for measuring a transmitted optical signal resulting from an interaction between the optical signal and each gaseous residue in the cell (127), and means (125) for calculating said content on the basis of the transmitted optical signal.

Abstract: A testing apparatus which is suitable for applying a stress load to a test specimen is provided. The testing apparatus may be used to simulate lithostatic stress on a test specimen, which may be, for example, a portion of a geologic formation. The testing apparatus may also be used in a method of evaluating the expected production of fluids obtainable from in situ pyrolysis of oil shale.

Abstract: A gas chromatograph (GC) apparatus capable of detecting abnormality, in which a reference retention index is obtained from a result obtained by analyzing a given substance and a retention-index reference substance under adequate analysis conditions using a normal column, and stored in a storage section. Further, under a condition that the apparatus can perform normal analysis, the given substance is subjected to GC analysis to obtain a reference retention time, and the obtained reference retention time is stored in the storage section. A diagnosis processing section is operable to compare each of an actual retention time and an actual retention index with a respective one of the reference retention time and the reference retention index. If a deviation therebetween or abnormality is detected, the diagnosis processing section is operable to estimate a causal factor of the abnormality.

Abstract: Systems and methods for scanning and analyzing characteristics of a gas sample utilizing electromagnetic radiation are disclosed. More particularly, the systems and methods utilize an electromagnetic radiation source connected to a transmitter and an analyzer connected to a receiver. A sample gas volume to be analyzed is placed between the transmitter and receiver and a frequency sweep of electromagnetic radiation is transmitted through the sample to create a series of spectral data sets, which are developed into a composite spectrogram by the analyzer and processed to determine the one or more characteristics of the sample. A magnetic field can alternatively be applied around the transmitter, receiver and sample to enhance some characteristic analysis applications and to make other characteristic analysis applications possible.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and accompanying device for separating a known or unknown sample into one or more subsamples. By comparing the subsample's measurement profile data to the sample measurement profile data, the performance of the separation can be determined. The separation could be chromatography [such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), or the like], electrophoresis [such as capillary electrophoresis (CE) or the like], or another separation technique. The measurement profile data could be ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectra, mass spectra (MS), or another measurement technique.

Abstract: A heat switch for remote self-contained gas chromatography is disclosed. The device mechanically separates a hot or cold reservoir from the chromatography column when heating or cooling is not needed. The column needs a cooling system to obtain initial temperatures below ambient. At other times the column needs to be heated to relatively high temperatures, during which time the cooling system is preferably detached. The heat switch allows for rapid temperature changes while minimizing the peak cooling power requirement.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems for isolating toxins and collecting an eluate from a sampling column for subsequent testing and to methods of extracting and collecting an eluate using the same systems. Preferably, the systems comprise a sample holder such as an immuno-affinity column for holding the sample and a self-contained fluid delivery system that can deliver liquid, e.g., reagents, and gaseous fluids, e.g., compressed air. More preferably, the fluid control system of the fluid delivery system provides some amount of pressurized gas continuously to the headspace of the column even when a fluid is not being forced through the resin gel in the column.