Abstract: A sample introduction device for reducing carry-over is provided. In the sample introduction device, when a high pressure valve 51 is switched from a load status to an injection status in a total volume injection method, the communication between a stator hole d in communication with an injection port 25 and a stator hole c connected to a flow path toward a separation/detection section 30 occurs earlier than the communication between a stator hole b in communication with a liquid feeder 10 and a stator hole a in communication with a needle 54. A length of a rotor groove Y communicating stator holes d and e or stator holes d and c is set longer than a length of another rotor groove X.

Abstract: Methods for chromatography for metal compounds are disclosed herein. These methods relate to introducing an analyte solution into a chromatographic system comprising a liquid phase flowing through a solid stationary phase, wherein the solid stationary phase comprises graphitic carbon; and eluting compounds from the stationary phase with a retention factor greater than zero, wherein a chromatogram of the eluted compounds shows that the compounds are substantially resolved. Methods for determining the purity of mixtures of metal compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid chromatographic system includes columns, column mounting fixtures to which the columns are mounted, a detector, a collector, a controller and a plurality of RFIDs. A first RFID communicates with the controller and cooperating RFIDs mounted to other components provide information such as the history of components, parameters and the like. They also receive information from sensors relating to the operation of the liquid chromatograph, store the information and transmit it. Moreover, the RFIDs may substitute for hard wiring in many applications and may enable a central computer to control several liquid chromatographic system.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved post-column fluorimetric determination-boric acid complex anion exchange method which allows analysis of mannose-6-phosphate. The disclosed method is a method for separation analysis of reducing sugars using column chromatography, comprising loading a sample onto an anion exchange column, washing the column by allowing to flow a sufficient volume of a first mobile phase consisting of an aqueous solution of a predetermined concentration of boric acid containing a predetermined concentration of a water-soluble inorganic salt through the column, supplying a second mobile phase with an elevated concentration of the salt to elute the reducing sugars, adding to the eluate a basic amino acid, heating, and continuously measuring and recording the intensity of fluorescent light emitted under irradiation with excitation light.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and method for separation of proteins and other biomolecules. A preferred use is for sample preparation of crude as well as pre-fractionated samples. In a preferred embodiment, the device of the present invention is a pipette tip having dual channels, one for inlet of sample and one for outlet. The outlet, but not the inlet, channel is provided with sample separation media for separation of a desired biomolecule from a sample. The flow through the sample separation media is unidirectional.

Abstract: A nanoflow detector cell comprises a nanoflow detection cell template defming a sample channel transverse template and a reference channel transverse template, generally parallel to the sample channel, and spaced apart from the sample channel. Clear capillary tubing extends through the sample channel, defming a sample chamber, a portion of the capillary tubing extends out of each end of the sample channel, and is shaped to the template.

Abstract: An ex-vivo method for the early diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy by means of determining serum 3-nitrotyrosine relates to an ex-vivo method for the detection and early diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) in patients with liver diseases, including cirrhosis, based on the presence of specific serum biomarkers, specifically by means of determining 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), which comprises obtaining serum or plasma obtained from the blood of patients and controls, and determining whether or not the measurement of the concentration of 3-nitrotyrosine obtained is greater than a specific level.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fosamprenavir calcium (Ia) substantially free of isomer impurity, (3R) tetrahydro -3 -furanyl(1S,2R)-3-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](isobutyl)amino]-1-benzyl-2-(phosphonooxy)propyl carbamate (Ib), and its process for preparation thereof. The present invention also provides fosamprenavir calcium intermediate, (S)-3-tetrahydrofuranyl-N-succinimidyl carbonate (IIa) substantially free of (R)-3-tetrahydrofuranylsuccinimidyl carbonate (IIb) and its process for preparation thereof.

Abstract: A cassette for preparing a sample is disclosed herein. The cassette includes a housing, which encloses the structures and the processes used to prepare the sample.

Abstract: A method of estimating the amount of unreacted starting materials (glycerides, methyl esters, etc.) and the composition of a biodiesel using TLC in conjunction with a lipophilic dye, Nile Red is described herein. The dye based TLC method of the present invention is convenient and provides significant advantages over existing methods for estimating the purity of a biodiesel composition.

Abstract: Methods for evaluating a diesel fuel are provided. In one embodiment, a method of evaluating a diesel fuel includes obtaining a testing sample from the diesel fuel and analyzing the testing sample to detect an amount of at least one selected component. The method also provides for determining if the diesel fuel is green depending on either detection of at least one selected component in the testing sample or observation of at least one non-normal molecular class distribution in the testing sample. Further, the specific component can indicate the specific biological feedstock used to produce the green diesel based on the molecular fingerprinting database.

Abstract: A fluid sampling system for sampling the contents of a container of fluid includes an elongate hollow sampling conduit extending between a first end for withdrawing the fluid from the container and a second end for returning the fluid to the container, pump means for circulating the fluid between the container and the sampling conduit, a sample probe having a tip extending into the sampling conduit so as to contact the fluid within the sampling conduit, and a controller unit for controlling flow of the fluid within the sampling conduit and monitoring the properties of interest of the fluid within the sampling conduit via signals received from the sample probe. The present invention also provides an in-line pH probe.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of estimating sediment content of a hydroprocessed hydrocarbon-containing feedstock.

Abstract: Quantitation of analytes, including but not limited to peptides, polypeptides, and proteins, in mass spectrometry using a labeled peptide coupled to a reporter, and a universal reporter.

Abstract: A liquid mixing device that decreases a concentration non-uniformity in the flow direction of a mobile phase and a liquid chromatograph that uses the liquid mixing device are provided. The liquid mixing device is configured to include a flow channel unit that is made from an introduction channel, a branch portion that is positioned in a downstream of the introduction channel, multiple branched flow channels that branch from the branch portion, a junction portion in which the multiple branched flow channels join together, and a discharge channel of the downstream of the junction portion. The multiple branched flow channels are different in terms of any one of, or several of width, depth, and length that are associated with an external shape, and a structure filling the inside of the flow channel and thus the times for the liquid to pass through the branched flow channels are different from each other.

Abstract: A blood collection module includes a blood collection container that is coupled with a blood alcohol concentration detection device including an alcohol detection sensor having a detection probe that inhales an alcohol gas, and on one surface of which an inserting portion that is inserted by a detection probe of a blood alcohol concentration detection device is formed and on an outer surface of which blood inlet holes through which blood flows in are formed; and an absorption member that is provided in the blood collection container, to thus absorb examinee's blood that is introduced through the blood inlet holes, in which an alcohol gas generated from the blood absorbed by the absorption member is introduced into the alcohol detection sensor through the detection probe.

Abstract: The present invention provides an analyzing system with which a serial analysis inclusive of a pretreatment can be easily performed in a liquid chromatograph, and even unskilled users can perform a desired analysis. The analyzing system according to the present invention includes: an edit screen display section 31 for displaying an edit screen for allowing a user to create a pretreatment program using an external variable; a batch table display section 32 for displaying a batch table used for serially executing a plurality of analyses, the batch table having an external-variable setting field for allowing the user to enter the aforementioned external variable; and a serial analysis execution section 33 for serially executing each of the analyses inclusive of a pretreatment operation of an auto-sampler according to the pretreatment program and the batch table.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a column tip processing device and a column tip processing method, and its objective is to enhance the contact between a packing and a fluid as a subject to be processed whereby accomplishing a highly efficient reaction as well as an accurate processing, which has a nozzle head having a single or multiple-channeled nozzle, a suction and discharge mechanism, one or more types of column tips in which a packing is enclosed, a stage provided with a fluid housing part group including a plurality of fluid housing parts in which various solutions are or can be housed, and moving means for moving the nozzle head relatively to the fluid housing part group, and also has a controlling part which controls the suction and discharge mechanism and the moving means with regard to quantities, pressure, flow rate, the number of cycles, time or position of the suction or discharge by the nozzle based on a structural requirement relating to the structure of the one or more types of column tips to

Abstract: An sampling device for capturing a material sample and a method of using said device to process said material sample in situ within the device. Embodiments of the invention may be disposed as elongate probes having extendable sample capture elements. A sample capture element of such a device may include a sample capture pocket located near a distal end thereof for capturing and trapping a sample of material. The sample capture pocket may be provided with a port for receiving material therein and a port for expelling material therefrom. These ports may be placed in communication with corresponding material transfer channels extending through the sample capture element to allow for the in situ processing of a material sample, and the subsequent discharge of the sample to an analyzer or another downstream location.

Abstract: A liquid chromatography interface is provided having an integrated column/ESI tip assembly including a liquid chromatography separation column, an ESI tip for generating ions having at least one emitting channel, and a temperature-controlled enclosure surrounding the liquid chromatography separation column. The enclosure has at least one opening and the ESI tip is exposed outside the enclosure through the opening. The enclosure has a heating or cooling device providing a substantially homogeneous distribution of temperature throughout an internal space of the enclosure where the liquid chromatography separation column is disposed. The enclosure includes at least one gas flow mixing element to permit heat exchange by directing a flow of gas toward the ESI tip. The integrated column/ESI tip assembly resides within a thermo-stabilized volume of substantially the same temperature from an entrance of the liquid chromatography separation column to the outlet of the ESI tip.

Abstract: A switchable valve for a sample injector includes a first valve member and a second valve member that can moved with respect to the other. The first valve member includes a plurality of ports, the second valve member includes a plurality of fluid paths. The plurality of ports include eight circumferential ports distributed along a circumference and one central port arranged at a central position of the first valve member. The plurality of fluid paths include three arcuate fluid paths so as to be couplable with at least two of the circumferential ports and one straight fluid path extending between the central position and a circumferential position so as to be couplable with the central port and one of the circumferential ports.

Abstract: Apparatus for GPC/TREF and TREF/GPC characterization of a polymer sample. The apparatus provides for the automated and integrated use of multiple TREF columns and a GPC system employing a multiple flow through detectors. In addition, a method for TREF/GPC characterization of a polymer sample by GPC analysis of TREF fractions at increasing TREF elution temperatures from multiple TREF columns operated in a coordinated and synchronized temperature cycle for increased sample throughput. Also, a method for GPC/TREF characterization of a polymer sample by GPC fractionation followed by TREF fractionation of the GPC fractionations.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for analyzing a sample using at least one detector are disclosed.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to improve the accuracy in analysis repeatability of a liquid chromatography apparatus that feeds different eluent by use of a plurality of pumps and achieves the mixture of eluent. Each of the pumps includes means for notifying an automatic sampler and a higher-level control unit that the specified timing of a liquid feeding cycle is reached. A pump whose liquid feeding cycle is the slowest transmits own information so that analysis is synchronized with a liquid feeding cycle. Moreover, a cycle position of a liquid feeding cycle at the end of analysis is expected, and the analysis time is automatically adjusted so that the wait time until the start of the next analysis becomes the shortest.

Abstract: A microfluidic device for separating a sample by chromatography includes diffusion bonded metallic sheets joined together to create a hermetically sealed interface between each adjacent metallic sheet without the introduction of a secondary material. Enclosed within the diffusion bonded sheets is a separation channel accessible by at least one of an inlet or an outlet. The separation channel is packed with micrometer-sized particles serving as a stationary phase in a chromatographic separation. Wetted surfaces of the separation channel include a coating of an organic material at least one monolayer thick.

Abstract: An method for optimizing operation of an autosampler coupled to a liquid chromatography (LC) system comprises: reading, from electronic memory storage, a pre-injection time corresponding to the time required for the autosampler to perform operations preparatory to injecting a sample; calculating an autosampler delay time from the pre-injection time and from a sample analysis time; performing the autosampler operations preparatory to injecting the sample after delaying said autosampler operations for the autosampler delay time; measuring a time value for the preceding performing of autosampler operations; replacing the pre-injection time value stored on the electronic memory storage with the measured time value for the preceding performing of autosampler operations if the measured value is greater than the pre-injection time value stored on the electronic memory storage; and injecting the sample from the autosampler into the LC system after receipt of a signal from the LC system by the autosampler.

Abstract: The dispersibility of soot in a lubricant formulation containing a dispersant is evaluated by (a) preparing a dispersion of carbon black in the lubricant formulation; (b) depositing a sample of the dispersed carbon black from step (a) onto a planar chromatography medium; (c) subjecting the sample of (b) to chromatographic conditions and (d) evaluating the extent of migration of the carbon black by comparing the density of darkening due to carbon black at pre-defined locations along the chromatography medium. The liquid mobile chromatography phase comprises a mixture of a liquid non-aromatic hydrocarbon portion having viscosity and boiling point less than that of an oil of lubricating viscosity; and an oil component comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and the dispersant or dispersants that are also contained within the lubricant formulation.

Abstract: An analytical apparatus includes a sample-injection valve, a sample pump, at least two sources of standards, and a selection valve. The sample-injection valve has an output port in fluid communication with a LC column, and an input port in fluid communication with a mobile-phase supply line. The at least two sources of standards are associated with at least two pharmaceutical compounds. The selection valve fluidically and selectably connects the sample pump to the at least two sources of standards, to the sample-injection valve, and to at least two pharmaceutical-manufacturing process lines associated with the at least two pharmaceutical compounds. A method for controlling a pharmaceutical manufacturing process includes switching the selection valve to alternately and repeatedly sample the at least two sources of standards and material flowing through the at least two pharmaceutical-manufacturing process lines.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a developing agent includes a binder resin and a coloring agent, wherein when the developing agent is subjected to methanol extraction, and a filtrate of the resulting extract is subjected to HPLC measurement, the ratio of a peak area at a retention time of 10 minutes or less to the total peak area is 15.0% or less.

Abstract: Separating trihalomethanes from drinking water samples (via a process such as capillary membrane sampling, and the like) followed by gas chromatograph analysis to determine quantity measurements and species identification of such trihalomethane (THM4) contaminants therein is provided. With the necessity to chlorinate drinking water to remove harmful bacteria and other potential toxins, trihalomethane byproducts are generated that may harm humans after consumption as well due to suspect carcinogenicity of such compounds. A reliable manner of measuring such drinking water supplies for such THM4 contaminants at locations far from the source and closer to dispensers is highly desirable.

Abstract: A high-performance liquid chromatograph apparatus of the present invention can obtain a similar separation effect as that obtained in a constant velocity gradient elution method and shorten a measuring time. When a data processor (13) generates a converted constant pressure gradient program based on a trace of past pressure values, a pressure value trace file stored in a pressure value trace storage unit (13a) is selected and displayed on a display and a pressure value is set. A constant pressure gradient program converting unit (13b) converts a constant velocity gradient program stored in a constant velocity gradient program storage unit (13c) to the constant pressure gradient program and numerals according to the converted constant pressure gradient program are displayed. A liquid feed part (5, 6) of a liquid feed pump (4) is controlled via a flow velocity setting unit (13d) and a mixing ratio setting unit (13e) according to the constant pressure gradient program displayed on the display.

Abstract: There is provided a sample collection container, a sample collection apparatus, and a sample collection method used in a supercritical fluid system capable of collecting a multi-constituent sample contained in a supercritical fluid at low cost and high collection efficiency. The pressure of a supercritical fluid containing a sample is reduced to a pressure close to the atmospheric pressure, and the depressurized supercritical fluid is forced to undergo adiabatic expansion to form gas-phase CO2 containing a liquid component in the form of aerosol. The gas-phase CO2 is fractionated for each constituent of the contained sample, transferred to a probe 60 of Liquid Handler, and dispensed into a large number of collection vials 300 under the atmospheric pressure, each of which is provided with a vial cap 100.

Abstract: A liquid chromatography system includes an autosampler that prepares a sample for introduction to a solvent stream and a solvent delivery system that delivers a solvent stream to the autosampler. Delivery of the solvent stream occurs in parallel with the autosampler's pre-injection operations. The autosampler starts pre-injection operations to make the sample ready for injection into the mixture stream, and the solvent delivery system starts delivery of a solvent stream to the autosampler. The start of the solvent stream delivery is coordinated with the start of the pre-injection operations such that the solvent stream arrives at the autosampler approximately coincident with when the autosampler completes the pre-injection operations, making the sample ready for injection.

Abstract: Method for injecting a liquid sample in an HPLC analyzing device, using an apparatus which comprises a first liquid circuit, a second liquid circuit, a valve assembly of the stator/rotor type, and a sample loop. In a first and a second valve position, respectively, the sample loop is either part of the first or of the second circuit, respectively. During the switching of the valve assembly from the second valve position into the first valve position, the valve assembly automatically and temporarily assumes an intermediate valve position in which the sample loop is automatically decompressed via a fourth connection chamber and a third valve outlet. In that intermediate valve position the sample loop is neither part of the first circuit nor part of the second circuit.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid chromatograph of a gradient type capable of promoting the mixture of a plurality of solvents without increasing flow passage volume. To this end, the liquid chromatograph includes: a Pump configured to suck a plurality of solvents and feed the solvents to a sample injection device, a separation column that separates a sample to be analyzed into components; and a detector that detects a component of the sample fed from the separation column. The Pump is configured to suck the plurality of solvents through an intake port and feed the solvents to a sample injection device through a discharge port and mix the plurality of solvents at between the intake port and the discharge port. The Pump further includes a cylinder and a plunger that reciprocates inside the cylinder, and the cylinder has an inner wall provided with a recess to generate a whirl in the plurality of solvents.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods and apparatus for placing a sample in a chromatographic system. The device and method feature placing samples held in a sample loop to pressurization prior to placing such sample loop in communication with high pressure conduits.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a sample introducing apparatus which is designed such that the analytical flow path runs from the needle to the separation column without the flow path switching means placed at the downstream side of the needle. This design reduces dead volume, which in turn reduces the diffusion of the sample injected into the analytical flow path. Moreover, the absence of the flow path switching means at the downstream side of the needle to inject a sample into the analytical flow path eliminates connection of the pipe with the flow path switching means. This prevents the sample from remaining in the connecting part, thereby reducing sample carry-over and improving the accuracy of analysis.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for one-dimensional chromatography of a polyolefin polymer, comprising introducing a solution of the polyolefin polymer into a liquid flowing through a liquid chromatography stationary phase, the liquid chromatography stationary phase comprising graphitic carbon, and wherein the polyolefin polymer emerging from the liquid chromatography stationary phase has a retention factor greater than zero, and wherein the solution introduced into the liquid chromatography stationary phase is subjected to a temperature gradient, and/or the solution is subjected to a solvent gradient.

Abstract: An apparatus (100) and method for measuring an extract (1000) released from a product sample (330) in vitro. The apparatus (100) comprising an in vitro environment which simulates an in vivo environment. The apparatus (100) contains a product sample (330) with the product sample (330) exposed to the in vitro environment. An extract (1000) is produced from the product sample (330) when the product sample (330) is subjected to the in vitro environment. The extract (1000) is analyzed to determine the amount of at least one element in the extract and the rate of release of at least one element in the product sample (330). The product sample is a smokeless tobacco product. An element analyzed for is nicotine.

Abstract: A sample injection apparatus includes a sample container and a tube that communicates with the inlet of a liquid chromatographic column. The sample container receives at least a preparatory-sized sample. A syringe pump pulls sample from the sample container and applies it to the inlet of the liquid chromatographic column.

Abstract: An apparatus for capillary ion chromatography having a suppressor having flow-through ion exchange packing in a housing and capillary tubing formed of a permselective ion exchange membrane, and at least partially disposed in said ion exchange packing. Also, a recycle conduit for aqueous liquid from the detector to the packing. Further, the capillary tubing may have weakly acidic or weakly basic functional groups. Also, a method for using the apparatus.

Abstract: Markers are provided that are predictive of Alzheimer's disease. Levels of these markers, when different from a standard, are indicative of a patient being at risk of having or developing Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Provided is a multifunction selection valve for use in a liquid chromatography system. The multifunction selection valve includes multiple ports to which both ends of a 1st dimension separation column may be connected at a part thereof, the multifunction selection valve including: a fluid passing mode in which a fluid introduced thereto is not passed through the 1st dimension separation column but is discharged; a column passing mode in which the fluid introduced thereto is passed through the 1st dimension separation column and then discharged; and a fluid blocking mode in which the fluid is prevented from being introduced. When using the multifunction selection valve, it modifies the flow paths of chromatographic solvents so that the resultant multifunctional liquid chromatography system allows one-dimensional separation, two-dimensional separation, on-line digestion and on-line phosphopeptide enrichment by a single binary pump.

Abstract: A flow through injection valve having a stationary member, a movable member, a surface of the stationary member interfacing with a surface of the movable member; and at least one pin isolation valve having a flow through internal conduit and movably positioned so that the internal conduit can interface with at least one flow through conduit in the movable member. The pin isolation valves are movably positioned so that the internal conduit is also capable of fluidically communicating with another flow through internal conduit in the movable member. The flow through injection valve can be combined with a similar flow through isolation valve to serve as a multiple valve and typically for replacing a conventional face seal valve of a high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) system. The multiple valve allows flow to be transferred through without need for switching or rotating under high pressure. Movement is by rotation or translation.

Abstract: An autosampler for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a high-pressure injection valve (1, 2) having improved life, particularly in high pressure operation. The geometry of the valve components and the connections of the high-pressure injection valve are provided such that the switching processes do not take place in a deleterious direction. The grooves in rotor (2) and/or the port opening cross sections (131, 151) in stator (1) and the rotational direction are selected such that fluid flows from grooves under high pressure in the direction of narrow, substantially pressure-free ports are avoided. This applies in particular to the switching process from INJECT to LOAD, since the sample loop contains a relatively large dead volume of compressed fluid. In addition, the valve can be controlled according to the invention in such a manner that an appropriate time is available for reducing harmful or undesired pressure differences.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a sample introducing apparatus which is designed such that the analytical flow path runs from the needle to the separation column without the flow path switching means placed at the downstream side of the needle. This design reduces dead volume, which in turn reduces the diffusion of the sample injected into the analytical flow path. Moreover, the absence of the flow path switching means at the downstream side of the needle to inject a sample into the analytical flow path eliminates connection of the pipe with the flow path switching means. This prevents the sample from remaining in the connecting part, thereby reducing sample carry-over and improving the accuracy of analysis.

Abstract: A rotary selection valve where different components can be selected in different rotation positions of the valve and furthermore the flow through the components can be reversed by rotating the rotary valve.

Abstract: A rotary valve adapted for injection of a fluid sample into a flow path. According to the invention one and the same valve can be used to input flow from a system pump, a sample pump and a syringe. A loop could be filled from both the sample pump and the syringe and the loop can be emptied by the system pump whereby for example a column is filled. Furthermore the sample pump can be used to pump directly to the column.

Abstract: An interchangeable preconcentrator assembly comprises an outer housing and an inner housing defining a chamber. A biased urging member is held at least partially within the outer housing and slidably biased toward a surface of the inner housing. When the biased urging member is at least partially retracted, a space is defined between the urging member and the surface of the inner housing for accommodating at least one preconcentrator chip. A continuous fluid flow path is defined through the outer housing and through the space. The interchangeable preconcentrator assembly may further comprise at least one modular preconcentrator carriage.

Abstract: The invention relates to 2-{2-amino-3-[hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]phenyl}acetamide, a process for its preparation, and its use as a reference marker and reference standard for analyzing the purity of nepafenac.