At 300 Degrees C Or Greater Patents (Class 75/363)
  • Patent number: 5984997
    Abstract: A process for producing nanoscale powders, and the powders so produced. The process comprises mixing an emulsion comprising all of the elements of the desired powder composition and a combustible fuel, and then combusting that emulsion to produce a powder. Powders with a median particle size of less than 50 nm have been made by this process. The process is suitable for the production of many types of powders, including particles and nanowhiskers of simple, doped, and polymetallic powders.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 23, 1998
    Date of Patent: November 16, 1999
    Assignee: Nanomaterials Research Corporation
    Inventors: Clint Bickmore, Benjamin Galde, Tapesh Yadav, John Freim
  • Patent number: 5976217
    Abstract: The preparation of suitable powdered metal is important in powder metallurgy technology. To date, powdered metals, in particular refractory metals, have been produced using very time-consuming and, consequently, costly methods for the reduction of metallic compounds, e.g. by reducing solid metallic compounds to powdered metal in fluidized bed ovens or pusher-type furnaces. In the present invention, powdered metallic compounds are reduced by retaining the solid phase as a continuous process by particles passing through a reaction chamber to predetermined orbits. The process lasts on average 0.4 to 60 s, and the level of completeness of the process is at least 90%.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 28, 1997
    Date of Patent: November 2, 1999
    Assignee: Schwarzkopf Technologies, Corporation
    Inventors: Gunter Kneringer, Wolfgang Kock, Joachim Resch
  • Patent number: 5958156
    Abstract: Apparatus (1) and process for treating particulate material or powder (33) of a size capable of being fluidized in a retort (31) mounted for rotation on a pair of end axles (18, 41). Retort (31) is mounted on a tilt frame (5) for tilting movement in a vertical plane. Gas conduits (18A, 18B) are mounted within an axle (18) for the supply and exhaust of gas for retort (31). A conduit (55) mounted within the other axle (41) permits particulate material to be passed into or out of the retort (31) as shown in FIG. 1B. A removable injection assembly (90, FIG. 10) is utilized for the injection of additional particulate material. A removable sampling assembly (95, FIG. 11) is utilized for removing a sample of the particulate material from the retort (31). As the retort (31) is rotated, particles of the particulate material are constantly intermingled with each other and the walls of the retort (31).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 1, 1998
    Date of Patent: September 28, 1999
    Assignee: Kemp Development Corporation
    Inventor: Willard E. Kemp
  • Patent number: 5912399
    Abstract: A new tungsten compound is formed by reacting ammonium metatungstate with guanidine carbonate. Such a compound can be converted to metallic tungsten, tungsten carbide or oxycarbide, and tungsten nitride or oxynitride. One can also make multiphase composite particles based on molybdenum, tungsten or their compounds (such as carbide or nitride), and at least one other metallic phase, such as cobalt, copper, nickel, iron or silver. The process involves first dispersing particles of a refractory metal or its compounds in a liquid medium, followed by inducing a chemical reaction in the liquid phase to generate a new solid phase which coats or mixes with the dispersed particles. The solid phase includes elements required in the final composite. After removing the liquid phase, the remaining solid is converted by hydrogen reduction into the final products.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 14, 1996
    Date of Patent: June 15, 1999
    Assignee: Materials Modification Inc.
    Inventors: Chunzhe C. Yu, Reshma Kumar
  • Patent number: 5865874
    Abstract: The surface of material containing a hydrogen storage alloy are treated with an organometallic compound to provide the alloy with corrosion resistance.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 27, 1997
    Date of Patent: February 2, 1999
    Assignee: Duracell Inc.
    Inventor: Philip D. Trainer
  • Patent number: 5853451
    Abstract: Ultrafine spherical nickel powder for use in a laminate ceramics capacitor is produced through a process employing a vapor phase chemical reaction between nickel chloride and hydrogen. The process includes the steps of: i) charging a reaction vessel with nickel chloride and evaporating the nickel chloride to generate vapor of nickel chloride; ii) mixing an inert gas with the vapor of the nickel chloride to form a mixture gas having a nickel chloride gas concentration of 0.05 to 0.3, and sending the mixture gas to a reaction zone; iii) bringing, in the reaction zone, the mixture gas into contact and mixing with hydrogen which is supplied from a nozzle at a temperature of 1004.degree. C. to 1453.degree. C., in such a manner that the flow rate ratio of the hydrogen to the mixture gas meets the condition of (H.sub.2 /(NiCl.sub.2 +inert gas)) <1, thereby causing the chemical reaction; and iv) cooling the generated ultrafine nickel powder together with the gas and collecting the ultrafine nickel powder.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 2, 1995
    Date of Patent: December 29, 1998
    Assignee: Kawasaki Steel Corporation
    Inventor: Hiroyuki Ishikawa
  • Patent number: 5830257
    Abstract: A manufacturing method for an alumina-dispersed reinforced copper alloy according to the invention is an improved method which is capable of manufacturing efficiently alumina-dispersed reinforced copper having both good electro-conductivity used for wire-manufacturing-material and good mechanical property, the manufacturing method comprises the steps of obtaining powders constituted by particles having aluminum-contained copper alloy-oxide, allowing to mill aluminum-contained copper alloy powder within the air atmosphere by milling device with mechanical-alloying-operation due to shock compression, converting aluminum into aluminum-oxide by heat-treatment of the powders within inert atmosphere, implementing reduction-treatment of the converted member within the reducing atmosphere, and executing hot extrusion the reduction-treated-material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 22, 1996
    Date of Patent: November 3, 1998
    Assignee: Yazaki Corporation
    Inventors: Hirohiko Fujimaki, Manabu Kiuchi, Tetsuya Takaai, deceased
  • Patent number: 5776264
    Abstract: Amorphous tungsten, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, iron and alloys thereof can be formed by reducing metal-containing compositions to form the elemental metal wherein the particle size of the elemental metal is less than about 80 microns. This is oxidized in an oxygen-starved environment containing less than 3% oxygen and an inert gas to slowly oxidize the elemental metal. By oxidizing the metal under these conditions, the normal exotherm occurring during oxidation is avoided. The slow oxidation of the metal continues forming an amorphous metal oxide. The amorphous metal oxide can then be reacted in a reducing environment such as hydrogen to form the amorphous elemental metal. This amorphous elemental metal can then be reacted with a carburizing gas to form the carbide or ammonia gas to form the nitride or hexamethylsilane to form the silicide. This permits gas/solid reactions. The amorphous metal can also be used in a variety of different applications.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 12, 1996
    Date of Patent: July 7, 1998
    Assignee: Rutgers University
    Inventors: Larry E. McCandlish, Bernard Kear, Nicos C. Angastiniotis
  • Patent number: 5746803
    Abstract: A transition metal carbide-Group VIII metal powder comprising discrete particles of a transition metal carbide and Group VIII metal wherein: substantially all of the particles have a size of at most 0.4 micrometer; the transition metal carbide is selected from carbides of the group consisting of tungsten, titanium, tantalum, molybdenum, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, chromium, mixtures and solid solutions thereof; and the Group VIII metal is selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, mixtures and solid solutions thereof. Said powders are produced by heating an admixture comprising a finishing source of carbon (e.g., acetylene black), a source of a group VIII metal (e.g., Co.sub.3 O.sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 4, 1996
    Date of Patent: May 5, 1998
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Stephen D. Dunmead, Michael J. Romanowski
  • Patent number: 5603781
    Abstract: A method for inhibiting the oxidation of powder of a hard metal, characterized by heat-treating the milled powder of a hard metal at a temperature between about 300.degree. C. and 500.degree. C. for at least 1 hr in vacuum is disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 28, 1995
    Date of Patent: February 18, 1997
    Assignee: Korea Institute of Science and Technology
    Inventors: Jong-Ku Park, Sona Kim
  • Patent number: 5442978
    Abstract: Fine tantalum powder of high surface area, high capacitance, low leakage and high breakdown voltage is produced by sodium reduction of highly dilute fluotantalate salt charges at high reaction temperatures and stepwise additions of the sodium reducing agent in a time-series of substantially even weight slugs added over the whole course of the reduction reaction to a melt of the charge and using the small exotherm of reduction provided by each slug as a temperature control factor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 19, 1994
    Date of Patent: August 22, 1995
    Assignee: H. C. Starck, Inc.
    Inventors: Richard Hildreth, Malcolm Shaw, Terrance B. Tripp, Leo G. Gibbons
  • Patent number: 5338714
    Abstract: The invention relates to nano-composite powders of alumina and metal constituted of grains of micronic size. Each grain comprises a compact matrix of alumina of a specific surface area less than 5 m.sup.2 /g, in which are dispersed crystallites of transition metals of alloys of these metals, of sizes less than 50 nm. The powder according to the invention may be produced starting with a precursor comprised of a mixed carboxylic salt of aluminum and one or more transition metals. The powders according to the invention permit producing by sintering cermets of alumina/metal benefitting from greatly improved mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 24, 1992
    Date of Patent: August 16, 1994
    Assignee: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S.)
    Inventors: Abel Rousset, Xavier DeVaux
  • Patent number: 5259862
    Abstract: A continuous process for producing a granular metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr or Hf under conditions that provide orderly growth of the metal free of halide inclusions comprising:a) dissolving a reducing metal selected from the group consisting of Na, Mg, Li or K in their respective halide salts to produce a reducing molten salt stream;b) preparing a second molten salt stream containing the halide salt of Ti, Zr or Hf;c) mixing and reacting the two molten streams of steps a) and b) in a continuous stirred tank reactor;d) wherein steps a) through c) are conducted at a temperature range of from about 800.degree. C. to about 1100.degree. C. so that a weight percent of equilibrium solubility of the reducing metal in its respective halide salt varies from about 1.6 weight percent at about 900.degree. C. to about 14.4 weight percent at about 1062.degree. C.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 5, 1992
    Date of Patent: November 9, 1993
    Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Interior
    Inventors: Jack C. White, Laurance L. Oden
  • Patent number: 5234491
    Abstract: A process for producing a high purity tantalum powder wherein a small quantity of an active ingredient, having a higher thermodynamic potential and chemical activity than the metal surfaces of the reactor vessel, is added to the reactor before the reactor is heated to reaction temperatures.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 7, 1992
    Date of Patent: August 10, 1993
    Assignee: Cabot Corporation
    Inventor: Hongtu Chang
  • Patent number: 5185030
    Abstract: A method of making extrafine pure elemental metal powder from a highly malleable pure elemental metal powder. The pure elemental metal powder is oxidized, ground to a desired average particle size, reduced in a reducing atmosphere to a pure elemental metal powder, and then sieved to obtain the desired fraction of extrafine pure elemental metal powder.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 20, 1991
    Date of Patent: February 9, 1993
    Assignee: GTE Products Corporation
    Inventors: Michael J. Miller, James N. Christini, Eric F. Husted
  • Patent number: 5173108
    Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing an agglomerated molybdenum plasma spray powder with a controlled level of oxygen which comprises forming a relatively uniform mixture of agglomerated powders containing molybdenum dioxide and one or more ammonium-containing compounds of molybdenum wherein the mixture has an oxygen content of greater than about 25% by weight and reducing the mixture in a moving bed furnace at a temperature of from about 700.degree. C. to about 1000.degree. C. for a sufficient time to remove a portion of the oxygen therefrom and form reduced molybdenum powder agglomerates having an oxygen content of no greater than about 25% by weight. The reduction takes place in the direction from the outside surface of the agglometates to the inside surface.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 12, 1991
    Date of Patent: December 22, 1992
    Assignee: GTE Products Corporation
    Inventor: David L. Houck
  • Patent number: 4999052
    Abstract: Nitrogen-strengthened alloys, especially steels, are produced by heating a combination of metal particles and a nitrogen donor, such as a chromium nitride, to make nitrogen available as a solute in the particles. The particles may be produced as a permeable preform for the process. The dissolved nitrogen leads to improved hardness, and higher strength is additionally obtained by the inclusion of a dispersant, such as yttria, in the particles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 20, 1989
    Date of Patent: March 12, 1991
    Assignee: United Kingdon Atomic Energy Authority
    Inventor: Eric G. Wilson
  • Patent number: 4976779
    Abstract: A molybdenum metal powder having an outer shell coating of MoO.sub.2 is useful in flame spray or plasma spray processes and is prepared by partially oxidizing molybdenum powder in a carbon dioxide atmosphere at temperatures of up to 1200.degree. C.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 27, 1989
    Date of Patent: December 11, 1990
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Theodor A. Webwer, Wolfgang Kummer