Chemical Patents (Class 8/107)
  • Patent number: 5693185
    Abstract: A process for treating a substrate, e.g., lignocellulosic pulp or cellulosic pulps, with a mixed peracid solution comprising percarboxylic acid and Caro's acid which results in a higher conversion rate of the active oxygen in the hydrogen peroxide in order to provide an inexpensive and effective delignification and/or bleaching solution and the process for making the mixed peracid solution.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 30, 1996
    Date of Patent: December 2, 1997
    Assignees: North Carolina State University, E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
    Inventors: Hou-Min Chang, Hasan Jameel, Junfu Song, Dingru Pan, Bijan Amini, John Robert Webster, Bruce A. Evans
  • Patent number: 5688289
    Abstract: An improved method of laundering clothes and textiles comprises: providing a washing machine having a tub furnished with a fixed outer shell 11 and an inner cylinder 12 that is provided within the outer shell 11, that is rotatably supported on a horizontal rotating shaft 13 and that has a plurality of orifices in the outer peripheral wall through which a washing solution can pass; putting the clothes and textiles into the inner cylinder 12; charging the outer shell 11 with a washing solution Q having a polyelectrolyte containing detergent dissolved therein; and laundering the clothes and textiles with ozone gas from an ozonizer 21 being introduced from an ozone gas supply port 24a directly into the washing solution Q at a temperature of from about 40.degree. C. to less than 50.degree. C., preferably from about 40.degree. C. to about 45.degree. C. between the outer shell 11 and inner cylinder 12.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 25, 1996
    Date of Patent: November 18, 1997
    Assignee: Ebara Corporation
    Inventors: Yukiko Nishioka, Ryoichi Shinjo, Yoshihiro Ishii, Tadao Yamanaka
  • Patent number: 5688291
    Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a single-step process and composition of a category-2 hair bleach which can simultaneously lighten the hair up to seven levels, and effectively neutralize any undesirable warmth that accompanies the lightening process. This is achieved by including in the bleach composition disperse dye molecules which the present invention has found to be both, stable in the bleach, and capable of depositing the desired amount of various permanent tones on the hair. These disperse dyes do not stain the scalp of the client or the hands of the hairdresser, but are substantive only to the hair fibers. The dyes fall into the classes of anthraquinones and azo compounds.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 27, 1996
    Date of Patent: November 18, 1997
    Assignee: L'Avante Garde, Inc.
    Inventors: Hayel Said, Hian Said
  • Patent number: 5674427
    Abstract: A composition comprising a cellulase, heat expanded perlite and a buffer and optionally a dispersing agent and/or a chelating agent useful for the treatment of a dyed fabric.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 18, 1995
    Date of Patent: October 7, 1997
    Assignee: Novo Nordisk A/S
    Inventors: Thomas Videb.ae butted.k, Walter H. Westendorp
  • Patent number: 5667530
    Abstract: A terry cloth article having a frosted appearance includes a plurality of naps the tips of which are bleached, and is produced by a process including the steps of impregnating granules of an absorbent material with a solution including a bleaching agent, and contacting a dyed terry cloth with the granules for a time sufficient to bleach at least a portion of the dye from the naps of the terry cloth. After residual bleaching agent remaining on the terry cloth is neutralized, the terry cloth is subsequently contacted with a solution including an effective amount of an anti-peeling agent for a time sufficient to substantially eliminate peeling. Optionally the terry cloth can subsequently be overdyed with a second dye of a different color than the color of the terry cloth.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 12, 1996
    Date of Patent: September 16, 1997
    Inventor: Michel Benasra
  • Patent number: 5652207
    Abstract: Novel bleaches, a method for bleaching substrates using these materials and detergent compositions containing same are reported. The bleaches are phosphinoyl imines. Substrates such as fabrics may be bleached in an aqueous solution containing the phosphinoyl imines and a peroxygen compound.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 12, 1996
    Date of Patent: July 29, 1997
    Assignee: Lever Brothers Company, Division of Conopco, Inc.
    Inventor: Naresh Dhirajlal Ghatlia
  • Patent number: 5621118
    Abstract: A process for oxidizing a substrate susceptible to nucleophilic oxidation by reacting a bicaroate or monopersulfate solution with the substrate is disclosed. In one aspect, the substrate is introduced into the reaction mixture in an inert carrier gas, which can also serve to sweep the product out of the mixture. In a second aspect the oxidation solution is obtained by a two stage neutralization of a Caro's acid solution, the first stage to e.g. 0.5 to 2.0 and the second stage to about 7 to 9. In preferred embodiments, the substrate is introduced into partially neutralized Caro's acid, and the second stage neutralization in the presence of the substrate is most preferably carried out with an alkali salt such as sodium bicarbonate. The process can employ relatively low ratios of substrate: Caro's acid oxidant and homogeneous reaction conditions. The process is particularly useful for preparing dioxiranes from ketones.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 14, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 15, 1997
    Assignee: Solvay Interox Limited
    Inventors: Craig W. Jones, William R. Sanderson, John P. Sankey
  • Patent number: 5595572
    Abstract: The invention relates to a method of modifying the surface of a fabric which comprises the successive steps of: i) exposing the fabric surface to UV radiation; and ii) oxidative treatment of the fabric.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 16, 1995
    Date of Patent: January 21, 1997
    Assignee: The Commonwealth of Australia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization
    Inventor: Keith R. Millington
  • Patent number: 5593458
    Abstract: A processing composition for decorating a dyed cloth fabric. The composition is a dye reactive oxidizer carrying gel and the method of use is to silkscreen onto the fabric to be decorated with the oxidizing gel. The gel is allowed to react with the dye of the fabric in a pattern dictated by the silkscreening pattern. The oxidizing agent is then removed from the fabric.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 16, 1995
    Date of Patent: January 14, 1997
    Assignee: Ocean Wash, Inc.
    Inventors: Glen A. Dickson, Donnie R. Gray
  • Patent number: 5574088
    Abstract: A composition for increasing the resistance of polyamide fibers or polyester fibers to oxidizing agents comprising an organosiloxane modified with amino groups, melamine formaldehyde resin, a catalyst for complexing the melamine formaldehyde resin and water. The composition is used by applying it to the fibers so the fibers absorb the composition, and then drying and curing the composition on the fibers. The composition is employed to treat a polyester or polyamide felt employed to convey wood pulp which is to be bleached, prior to paper making operations, treatment of the felt with the composition significantly lengthens the useful life of the felt, exposed to bleaching chemicals.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 5, 1995
    Date of Patent: November 12, 1996
    Assignee: Tichromatic Carpet Inc.
    Inventor: Yassin Elgarhy
  • Patent number: 5565006
    Abstract: The present invention relates to the treatment of dyed fabric comprising contacting, in an aqueous medium, the fabric with a cellulolytic enzyme and heat expanded perlite in an amount effective for providing localized variation in the color density of the surface of the dyed fabric. The present invention also relates to compositions comprising a cellulase, heat expanded perlite and a buffer and optionally a dispersing agent and/or a chelating agent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 24, 1993
    Date of Patent: October 15, 1996
    Assignee: Novo Nordisk A/S
    Inventors: Thomas Videb.ae butted.k, Walter H. Westendorp
  • Patent number: 5562740
    Abstract: Disclosed is a process for making reduced odor individualized, crosslinked fibers which includes the steps of providing cellulosic fibers, contacting the fibers with a solution containing a C.sub.2 -C.sub.9 polycarboxylic acid crosslinking agent, mechanically separating the fibers into substantially individual form, drying the fibers and reacting the crosslinking agent with the individualized fibers to form intrafiber crosslink bonds. The individualized cellulosic fibers are then contacted with a strong alkaline solution and strong oxidizing agent to reduce the odor and increase the brightness. Preferably, the crosslinking agent is citric acid, and preferably, between about 1.0 weight % and about 12.0 weight % of the crosslinking agent reacts to form the intrafiber crosslink bonds. Preferably, the alkaline solution is an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, and preferably, about 0.09 weight % of the sodium hydroxide, on a dry fiber weight basis, is applied to the crosslinked fibers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 15, 1995
    Date of Patent: October 8, 1996
    Assignee: The Procter & Gamble Company
    Inventors: Jeffery T. Cook, Walter D. Daniels, Pedro A. Rodriguez, Peter A. Graef, Clifford R. Bolstad, William L. Duncan
  • Patent number: 5560750
    Abstract: Disclosed are hair coloring compositions comprising coloring agent and disaccharide. The coloring agent preferably comprises a first oxidizing agent for bleaching the hair, a dyeing agent for adding color to the hair and a second oxidizing agent for developing the dyeing agent. Also disclosed are methods for altering the color of hair to a predetermined degree comprising (a) applying to the hair a hair coloring composition, said composition comprising a coloring agent and a disaccharide; (b) allowing said composition to remain in contact with the hair for a time sufficient to achieve the predetermined degree of color alteration; and (c) substantially removing said composition from the hair.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 7, 1995
    Date of Patent: October 1, 1996
    Assignee: Preemptive Advertising, Inc.
    Inventors: Harold R. Crews, Roy M. Evans, Jr., Joseph O. Rubert
  • Patent number: 5558676
    Abstract: This invention relates to a composition for treating fabric or garments and a method for using the composition to treat the garments. The composition contains an oxidizer mixed with a gel or a thickening agent to form a liquid/solid colloidal suspension. The composition is inserted into a tumbler with garments and, typically, spreaders, such as short lengths of PVC pipe. Tumbling the composition with the spreaders allows the composition to be spread randomly over the garments to give them a faded or worn look.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 15, 1995
    Date of Patent: September 24, 1996
    Assignee: Ocean Wash, Inc.
    Inventors: Donnie R. Gray, Glen A. Dickson
  • Patent number: 5549715
    Abstract: A method for bleaching textile material, including preparing an aqueous alkaline solution of a bleaching agent composed of formamidine sulfinic acid and at least one carbohydrate having a general total formula C.sub.n H.sub.2n O.sub.n, the formamidine sulfinic acid and the at least one carbohydrate having a weight ratio with respect to one another which ranges from 80:20 to 99:1; and bleaching textile material composed at least in part of cellulose materials by contacting the textile material with the bleaching agent at a temperature above 50.degree. C. therefor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 22, 1994
    Date of Patent: August 27, 1996
    Assignee: Degussa Austria GmbH
    Inventor: Vinzenz Olip
  • Patent number: 5542950
    Abstract: A surfactant composition for use in scouring and bleaching textile materials containing:(a) from about 94.0 to about 6.0% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside having the general formula IRO (Z).sub.a (I)wherein R is a monovalent organic radical having from about 8 to about 16 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 to 6 carbon atoms; and a is a number having a value from about 1 to about 6,(b) from about 6.0 to about 94.0% by weight of a synthetic alkoxylated C.sub.11 -C.sub.15 linear alcohol, or(c) from about 6.0 to about 94.0% by weight of a chlorine-capped ethoxylated isodecyl alcohol, and(d) the remainder water, all weights being based on the weight of the composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 12, 1995
    Date of Patent: August 6, 1996
    Assignee: Henkel Corporation
    Inventors: Howard Cole, Kristina W. Erler, Kenneth L. Smith, Brian C. Francois
  • Patent number: 5538515
    Abstract: A hammering body having a plurality of protrusions on its external surface useful for randomly fading fabric and a method for randomly fading fabric are provided. The method comprising the steps of providing an at least partially wet fabric to be faded, at least one hammering body having an external surface with a plurality of protrusions, and a powder comprising a bleaching agent to a tumbling chamber, tumbling the fabric, the hammering body and the powder in the chamber such that the protrusions of the hammering body repeatedly strike the fabric, thereby driving the powder into the fabric until a desired fading effect is achieved, and separating the faded fabric from the hammering body.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 22, 1994
    Date of Patent: July 23, 1996
    Assignee: Sentani Trading Ltd.
    Inventors: Mordechai Kafry, Charlton R. Davidson
  • Patent number: 5536275
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the pretreatment of a fabric containing cotton, in which the fabric is treated in at least one pretreatment bath for a predetermined period of time at an increased temperature and subsequently washed or neutralised. The treatment of the fabric in the pretreatment bath is performed at a temperature of more than 102.degree. C., particularly at a temperature between 120.degree. C. and 140.degree. C.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 22, 1994
    Date of Patent: July 16, 1996
    Assignee: Thies GmbH & Co.
    Inventor: Egon S. Bohrer
  • Patent number: 5531796
    Abstract: A Process for desizing an/or color fading of fabrics and garments utilizing a reducing gas or vapor. The process is particularly for pretreating fabrics which are decolorized to provide a color contrast.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 18, 1993
    Date of Patent: July 2, 1996
    Assignee: Eric Wasinger
    Inventors: Eric Wasinger, David Hall
  • Patent number: 5527362
    Abstract: The present invention provides a process for scouring and bleaching textile materials comprising adding to an aqueous peroxide bleaching bath an effective amount of a scouring and bleaching surfactant composition comprising:(a) from about 94.0 to about 6.0% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside having the general formula IRO(Z).sub.a (I)wherein R is a monovalent organic radical having from about 8 to about 16 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; and a is a number having a value from about 1 to about 6,(b) from about 6.0 to about 94.0% by weight of a synthetic alkoxylated C.sub.11 -C.sub.15 linear alcohol, and(c) the remainder water, all weights being based on the weight of the textile materials, and then contacting the textile materials with the bath.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 10, 1994
    Date of Patent: June 18, 1996
    Assignee: Henkel Corporation
    Inventors: Howard Cole, Kristina W. Erler, Kenneth L. Smith, Brian C. Francois, Billy W. Noble
  • Patent number: 5486212
    Abstract: The invention provides a cleaning agent and method for removing stains from fabrics comprising a combination of dense gas, a source of hydrogen peroxide and an organic bleach activator therefor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 15, 1995
    Date of Patent: January 23, 1996
    Assignee: The Clorox Company
    Inventors: James D. Mitchell, Vincent E. Alvarez, Daniel T. Carty, James R. Latham
  • Patent number: 5482514
    Abstract: The present invention relates to the addition of photosensitising compounds to woodpulps and mixtures thereof for enhancing their whiteness, brightness and chromaticity, as well as to the paper making fibres so obtained and the use thereof.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 9, 1993
    Date of Patent: January 9, 1996
    Assignee: Ciba-Geigy Corporation
    Inventor: Axel von Raven
  • Patent number: 5480457
    Abstract: A method for using a bleaching composition comprising a partially saturated carrier and a bleaching agent prepared by first mixing the dry carrier with the dry bleaching agent and then adding water while continuing mixing to produce a moist powder. This powder is used in a tumbler with at least partially nonsynthetic dyed fabrics to dry bleach or fade the dye from the fabrics. Specifically, the bleaching composition is a mix of potassium permanganate as the bleaching agent and diatomaceous earth as the carrier and is tumbled with the fabric to remove the dye from the fabric. The tumbling causes repeated contact with the bleaching agent and removes the dye in the fabric.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 27, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 2, 1996
    Assignee: Ocean Wash, Inc.
    Inventors: Glen A. Dickson, Donnie R. Gray
  • Patent number: 5407446
    Abstract: A method and an apparatus for the continuous pretreatment of a long cloth produced commercially in completely gaseous system, in which, by utilizing the combination of a desizing and scouring process in a low temperature plasma atmosphere and a bleaching process in an atmosphere of ozone and ultraviolet ray radiation, and thus entirely no application of liquid system.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 6, 1993
    Date of Patent: April 18, 1995
    Assignee: Sando Iron Works Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Yoshiteru Sando, Eiichi Nakano, Hiroshi Ishidoshiro, Koji Sando
  • Patent number: 5376143
    Abstract: A process for selectively decolorizing a fabric containing cellulosic material oxidizable colorants which comprises the steps of wetting the fabric and then contacting the wetted fabric with an oxidizing gas or vapor. The contact with the oxidizing gas or vapor is terminated before any substantial degradation of the fabric occurs.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 27, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 27, 1994
    Assignee: Eric Wasinger
    Inventors: Eric Wasinger, David Hall
  • Patent number: 5370708
    Abstract: A process for creating decolorized areas in dyed fabric, the process comprising the step of contacting wet dyed fabric with a pelletized decolorizing agent and optionally also including quenching the active decolorant present in the decolorizing pellet with a decolorant neutralizer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 13, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 6, 1994
    Assignee: Ecolab Inc.
    Inventors: Lynne A. Olson, Elizabeth J. Gladfelter, Wendell D. Burch
  • Patent number: 5362520
    Abstract: A new and improved bleaching and finishing composition for bleaching and finishing a solid substrate includes a first component blend which includes a quantity of a latex resin and a quantity of a bleaching solution. A second component blend includes a quantity of a latex resin, a quantity of an alcohol, a quantity of water, a quantity of a substrate treating material, and a quantity of an alkalizing agent. The first component blend and the second component blend are maintained separated from each other in storage, and the first component blend and the second component blend may be mixed together prior to use on the substrate. Preferably, the substrate is wood. The second component blend may also include a quantity of a coloring agent for tinting the substrate to a desired shade of color. Also, a method is provided for bleaching and finishing a solid substrate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 23, 1993
    Date of Patent: November 8, 1994
    Inventor: Ricardo M. Rodriguez
  • Patent number: 5322637
    Abstract: A composition, bleaching agent, bleaching element, method for making a bleaching element and a method for intentionally distressing fabric, typically blue indigo denim cloth. The disclosed composition includes a mixture of an oxidizer and an acid that eliminates or substantially reduces yellowing of the fabric after acid washing. The preferred oxidizer is preferably selected from the group consisting of potassium permanganate, sodium permanganate and sodium hypochlorite. The preferred acid is an acid such as phosphoric acid. A bleaching element made in accordance with the present invention includes an abrading device impregnated with the composition of the present invention. The method for intentionally distressing fabric such as denim includes the step of tumbling or otherwise subjecting the fabric to a bleaching element made in accordance with the invention. The disclosed invention further includes a finished garment treated by the disclosed method for intentionally distressing fabric.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 6, 1991
    Date of Patent: June 21, 1994
    Inventor: Richard O'Grady
  • Patent number: 5314635
    Abstract: A bleaching/cleaning composition is provided that includes a surfactant, a peroxy bleach compound and a ligand L which is a macrocyclic organic compound of formula: ##STR1## wherein: t is an integer from 2 to 3;s is an integer from 3 to 4;R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or a substituted alkyl or aryl.The preferred ligand is 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 19, 1992
    Date of Patent: May 24, 1994
    Assignee: Lever Brothers Company, Division of Conopco, Inc.
    Inventors: Ronald Hage, Jan E. Iburg
  • Patent number: 5310409
    Abstract: A discrete, well defined pattern is produced on colored fabric by applying to the desired area of the fabric a viscous mixture of fine mineral particles, water and one or more bleaching agents. The viscous mixture remains confined to the designated area and permeates the fabric. After a controlled, finite period of time, the mixture is rinsed away, leaving a well defined area from which the fabric coloration has been removed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 18, 1991
    Date of Patent: May 10, 1994
    Inventor: James I. Friday
  • Patent number: 5273547
    Abstract: A Sorel cementitious composition which releases permanganate ion into an aqueous media over time is described. A method of making and using the composition of the invention also are described.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 7, 1991
    Date of Patent: December 28, 1993
    Assignee: Carus Corporation
    Inventor: Arno H. Reidies
  • Patent number: 5268002
    Abstract: A process for creating decolorized areas in dyed fabric, the process comprising the step of contacting wet dyed fabric with a pelletized decolorizing agent and optionally also including quenching the active decolorant present in the decolorizing pellet with a decolorant neutralizer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 23, 1990
    Date of Patent: December 7, 1993
    Assignee: Ecolab Inc.
    Inventors: Lynne A. Olson, Elizabeth J. Gladfelter, Wendell D. Burch
  • Patent number: 5261924
    Abstract: A layered composition which includes a hardened core comprising at least about 50 weight percent permanganate which composition releases permanganate ion into an aqueous media over time is described. A method of making and using the composition of the invention also are described.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 7, 1991
    Date of Patent: November 16, 1993
    Assignee: Carus Corporation
    Inventors: Arno H. Reidies, Edward S. Rogers, Kenneth C. Scott
  • Patent number: 5238463
    Abstract: Denim articles of clothing such as blue jeans, are conventionally treated with a permanganate. The permanganate is thereafter neutralized with a liquid composition containing peroxide, a sulfate and deionized water. The composition neutralized the permanganate, prevents the yellowing of the article and reduces the biological oxygen demand in plant effluent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 27, 1990
    Date of Patent: August 24, 1993
    Assignee: Diversey Corporation
    Inventors: Catherine A. Arini, George E. Corte
  • Patent number: 5236465
    Abstract: A very effective method is proposed for the shrink-proof treatment of a fabric material of keratinous fibers, e.g., wool, in which the fabric material is first soaked with an aqueous solution of a persulfate compound followed by drying to effect surface oxidation of the fibers and then finished with a curable organopolysiloxane composition. Preferably, the curable organopolysiloxane composition comprises, as a dispersion in an aqueous medium, (A) an organopolysiloxane having hydroxyl or alkoxyl groups, (B) silica or an organopolysilsesquioxane in a finely divided form, (C) an alkoxy silane having an amido group and a carboxyl group in a molecule, (D) an alkoxy silane having an amino group or an epoxy group in a molecule, and (E) a curing catalyst, each in a specified proportion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 5, 1991
    Date of Patent: August 17, 1993
    Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Hiroshi Ohashi, Yoshio Okamura
  • Patent number: 5228884
    Abstract: A composition useful in obtaining a blotchy bleach effect on garments or fabrics comprising a thickening medium comprising a cellulosic ether, a bleaching agent, and an organic acid.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 24, 1990
    Date of Patent: July 20, 1993
    Assignee: Dexter Chemical Corporation
    Inventors: Richard Craven, Brian Scism, Robert Waddell, L. Thomas Holst
  • Patent number: 5215543
    Abstract: Methods are provided for abrading dyed fabric to produce a stonewashed effect by tumbling the fabric with stones of a chemical composition that is soluble in wash or rinse liquid for the fabric, where the stones are of sufficient size and hardness to effect abrasion of the fabric without substantial mechanical disintegration of the stones and in a manner simulating the action of pumice stone. The chemical stonewashing composition may be a compacted powder, agglomerate, coagulate, or other integral mass or solid formed from an alkali or alkaline earth metal carbonate, bicarbonate, silicate, sulfate, borate, halide, hydroxide or hydrate or peroxyhydrate thereof, for example.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 9, 1990
    Date of Patent: June 1, 1993
    Assignee: Elf Atochem North America, Inc.
    Inventors: David J. Milora, David M. Shank, Peter A. Curato
  • Patent number: 5201915
    Abstract: A process for fading dyed textile products in a non-uniform way includes: coating the surface of the textile product to be discolored with a layer of a product resistant to the discoloring or bleaching agent; breaking-up such a layer, preferably in a random way; and treating the resulting textile product with a solution of a bleaching and/or discoloring agent. The textile product so obtained shows discontinuous, non-uniformly arranged, rectilinear, shaded faded regions with a starlike configuration.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 11, 1991
    Date of Patent: April 13, 1993
    Assignee: Golden Trade S.r.l.
    Inventor: Francesco Ricci
  • Patent number: 5190562
    Abstract: A bleaching composition comprising a partially saturated carrier and a bleaching agent prepared by first mixing the dry carrier with the dry bleaching agent and then adding water while continuing mixing to produce a moist powder. This powder is used in a tumbler with at least partially nonsynthetic dyed fabrics to dry bleach or fade the dye from the fabrics. Specifically, the bleaching composition is a mix of potassium permanganate as the bleaching agent and diatomaceous earth as the carrier and is tumbled with the fabric to remove the dye from the fabric. The tumbling causes repeated contact with the bleaching agent and removes the dye in the fabric.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 6, 1989
    Date of Patent: March 2, 1993
    Assignee: Ocean Wash, Inc.
    Inventors: Glen A. Dickson, Donnie R. Gray
  • Patent number: 5131913
    Abstract: Process for producing pattern effects when dyeing or printing textile material in the absence of alkali or reducing agents, which comprises pretreating the textile material with a cationizing agent, drying, applying an oxidizing agent in the form of a pattern, drying and dyeing or printing with reactive, direct, acid, water-soluble sulfur dyes or pigment dyes in the absence of any alkali or reducing agent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 14, 1990
    Date of Patent: July 21, 1992
    Assignee: Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventor: Thomas Martini
  • Patent number: 5091106
    Abstract: Bleaching agents in the form of granulates of uniform composition which contain(a) a solid aliphatic peroxycarboxylic acid,(b) a hydratable inorganic salt, and(c) an organic polymer granulation aid soluble in alkaline aqueous medium, wherein the granulate, when dissolved in water, has a mildly acidic pH.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 1, 1986
    Date of Patent: February 25, 1992
    Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
    Inventors: Jochen Jacobs, Edgar Koeppelmann, Martin Witthaus, Manfred Dankowski
  • Patent number: 5089167
    Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention provides a stable peracid bleach composition comprising discrete granules which comprise peracid, namely, diperoxydodecanedioic acid. In another preferred embodiment, enzymes are present in the composition separate from the discrete peracid granules. In both the enzyme-containing and non-enzyme containing compositions, peracid and exotherm control agents are combined in a discrete granule in which the amount of water is carefully controlled to result in, respectively, maximum peracid and enzyme stability. Standard bleaching composition adjuncts such as fillers, brighteners, pH control agents and the like may be included in the compositions apart from the discrete peracid granules.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 22, 1986
    Date of Patent: February 18, 1992
    Assignee: The Clorox Company
    Inventors: Thomas S. Coyne, Blanca L. Haendler, Daniel H. Klapprott, Frances E. Mitchell, Dale S. Steichen, Suzanne M. Thompson
  • Patent number: 5087266
    Abstract: A method for the treatment of wool so as to impart shrink resistance comprising the steps of:i) subjecting the wool to an oxidative pretreatment, andii) subsequently treating the wool with a) an amino functional polymer which itself confers a degree of shrink resistance and b) a silicone polymer capable of reacting with the reactive groupings of the amino functional polymer, so as to cause the polymers a) and b) to be applied to the wool fibers.The wool thus treated also has good rub fastness when dyed and a soft handle.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 7, 1988
    Date of Patent: February 11, 1992
    Assignee: Precision Processes (Textiles) Limited
    Inventors: David L. Connell, Kenneth M. Huddlestone, Anthony Szpala
  • Patent number: 5074885
    Abstract: A process for the dyeing of wool with anionic dyes is described, wherein the wool is dyed in the presence of a UV absorber and bleached oxidatively and then bleached reductively in a new bath.This process makes it possible to produce very bright, brilliant shades.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 31, 1990
    Date of Patent: December 24, 1991
    Assignee: Ciba-Geigy Corporation
    Inventor: Gerhard Reinert
  • Patent number: 5041142
    Abstract: The subject invention relates to bleaching compositions comprising novel peroxymetallate bleach activators. The bleaching compositions comprise:(i) from about 1 to 60% of a peroxygen compound capable of yielding hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution; and(ii) from about 0.1 to about 30% of a bleach activator having the formula:MO.sub.5 (XR)(X.sub.1 R.sub.1)wherein M is molybdenum or tungsten; X and X.sub.1 are donor groups having available at least one pair of electrons; and R and R.sub.1 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, and mixtures thereof.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 23, 1990
    Date of Patent: August 20, 1991
    Assignee: Lever Brothers Company, division of Conopco Inc.
    Inventor: Simon R. Ellis
  • Patent number: 5019131
    Abstract: A process for redyeing partially bleached fabric or garments to yield sharply-etched multicolored designs comprises the steps of:(a) dyeing the fabric, or purchasing a commercial garment, with a background first color;(b) gathering selected areas of the dyed fabric with ligatures to restrict access of further reagents;(c) bleaching the gathered background dyed to remove the first color from the areas outside the gathered areas; and(d) redyeing the bleached areas with a second color,whereby sharply defined multicolored patterns are formed having from about 0.2 mm to about 2 mm of white gap between each color.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 9, 1990
    Date of Patent: May 28, 1991
    Assignee: MMOQ, Ltd.
    Inventor: James L. Nitsch, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5017301
    Abstract: Permanganate based fabric bleaching processes, such as stone-washing processes, are substantially improved by utilizing a reducing composition comprising a metabisulfite and a sulfite in the washing step. The relative amounts of metabisulfite and sulfite in the reducing composition are selected so as to substantially eliminate the odor of sulfur dioxide during the washing step at the particular temperature selected. For washing temperatures of 100.degree.-140.degree. F. the preferred weight ratio of sodium metabisulfite to sodium sulfite is 7:3, which produces a reducing composition having a pH of 6.2 (in a 5% by weight solution). Such a composition not only allows operation at elevated temperatures without an odor of SO.sub.2, it also allows a reduction in the washing time and in the amount of reducing composition used.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 2, 1988
    Date of Patent: May 21, 1991
    Assignee: General Chemical Corporation
    Inventors: Samuel L. Bean, Mark D. Dulik, Peter A. Monopoli
  • Patent number: 4961751
    Abstract: A method is provided for selectively bleaching dyed, bleachable cotton garments. The garments are tumbled in damp condition with reuseable pre-formed solid pellets of limited porosity having abradable surfaces. The pellets comprise substantially water-insoluble cemented aggregates of mineral particles with a finely-divided particulate bleaching aent imbedded therein. The bleaching agent, which preferably is substantially uniformly distributed in the pellets, bleaches the garments by surfaces of the pellets wearing away during the garment tumbling to release the bleaching agent as the pellets contact the garments.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 29, 1988
    Date of Patent: October 9, 1990
    Assignee: Carus Corporation
    Inventors: Ernest M. Eissele, Edward S. Rogers, Arno H. Reidies
  • Patent number: 4912791
    Abstract: Textile materials are pretreated in aqueous media by alkaline scouring and/or bleaching using an assistant comprising a compound of the general formula I ##STR1## where R is C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -alkyl, X is H, Na, K or NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4, and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --OH.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 7, 1988
    Date of Patent: April 3, 1990
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Werner Streit, Wolfgang Schenk, Matthias Kummer, Johannes P. Dix, Alfred Oftring
  • Patent number: 4861342
    Abstract: Dyeing or finishing process characterized in that textile materials are impregnated in a padding machine with aqueous dyeing or finishing baths which contain, besides graft polymers, which may be obtained from a product of addition of an alkylene oxide to an at least trivalent aliphatic alcohol containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms and methacrylamide or acrylamide, and in that the fixing of the dyes or of the finish is then performed continuously by a treatment with microwaves for 5 to 30 seconds.The process permits an excess water input on all the textile materials and a rapid fixing by the microwaves.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 3, 1988
    Date of Patent: August 29, 1989
    Assignee: Ciba-Geigy Corporation
    Inventor: Paul Danel