Abstract: The invention describes a process for the preparation of formulations of metal complex dyes by means of a membrane separation process, which process comprises adding an anionic surfactant to the hot synthesis solution of over 50.degree. C. of the metal complex dye before, during or after the final step of the synthesis, and cooling the solution to a temperature not lower than 20.degree. C. before the membrane separation process.The formulations so obtained are suitable for the preparation of dyebaths, padding liquors or printing pastes which may be used in particular for dyeing and printing textile material made of natural and synthetic polyamide.

Abstract: A disperse dye composition containing:20 to 50% by weight of a water-insoluble or sparingly soluble dye; and1 to 5% by weight of a water-soluble surface active agent represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or an .alpha.-methylbenzyl group, R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or an .alpha.-methylbenzyl group, R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sup.4 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an .alpha.-methylbenzyl group, any one of l and n is 0 and the other is an integer of 7 to 20, and m is an integer of 0 to 5.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of storage stable compositions of sparingly soluble or water-insoluble colorants, which process comprises mixing an aqueous suspension of at least one sparingly soluble or water-insoluble colorant with at least one surface-active substance, subjecting the mixture to ultrafiltration through an asymmetrical membrane which contains ionic groups and has a pore diameter of 1 to 500 .ANG. and a cut-off level in the molecular weight range from 300 to 500, subsequently subjecting the resultant concentrate to wet grinding and, if desired, drying, in particular spray drying the dispersion so obtained. The colorant compositions are particularly suitable for preparing padding liquors, dyebaths and printing pastes for coloring and printing textile materials, especially those made from cellulose and synthetic polyester.

Abstract: A process for producing agglomerates of water-soluble dyes by adding a granulating auxiliary to at least one water-soluble dye, which is in pulverulent form, and converting the mixture, while it is being subjected to a tumbling and/or mixing action, by particle enlargement into a granular form, in which process there is used as a granulating auxiliary:(a) at least one compound of the formula IA--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n --H (I)in which A is the group R--O-- or ##STR1## R is an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon radical containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms, R' is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms, and n is 10 to 200, or(b) a mixture of a compound of the formula II ##STR2## in which m is 50 to 500, and x is 3 to 5, with a compound of the formula IIIR.sub.1 --NH--CO--NH--R.sub.1 (III)in which each R.sub.

Abstract: Solid, pulverulent dyestuff compositions of fiber-reactive dyestuffs, which compositions contain a condensation product formed from a dialkylnaphthalenesulfonic acid or a mixture of two or more dialkylnaphthalenesulfonic acids and formaldehyde, as an auxiliary intended to ensure the solubility of the dyestuffs in salt-containing and alkaline aqueous padding liquors.

Abstract: Solid formulations of organic dyestuffs, or of optical brighteners, characterized in that they contain a mixture of(a) 70-90% by weight of a mineral oil,(b) 0.5-10% by weight of an amide of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents C.sub.10 -C.sub.22 -alkyl or -alkenyl,R.sub.1 represents H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, or the two R.sub.1 's together represent a 1,2-ethylene bridge andR.sub.2 represents ##STR2## alkylene, and R.sub.3 represents H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or phenyl,(c) 0.5-15% by weight of a non-ionic surface-active agent and(d) 0-8% by weight of a cationic or anionic surface-active agent,and processes for the production of low-dust and low-foam solid dyestuff formulations.

Abstract: Described is a process for the production of negligibly dusty preparations of dyes and/or optical brighteners, which process comprises mixing an adhesive as e.g. sorbitol and a dust binding surface active agent into a mixture of dye or optical brightener and, optionally, further additives.

Abstract: A process for producing solid dye compositions, which process comprises passing an aqueous solution or suspension of at least one water-soluble crude dye, to effect separation of synthesis by-products having a molecular weight of below 500 and partial separation of water, through a semipermeable membrane, subsequently drying the resulting aqueous preparation which has become more highly concentrated, and optionally adding further additives before and/or after passage of the aqueous solution or suspension through the semipermeable membrane, these additives being added beforehand only when they do not become separated by the membrane.There are obtained by this process low-dust to dust-free compositions which are distinguished by high mechanical strength, high bulk density, free-flowing characteristics and good dissolving behavior. Employing these compositions it is possible to prepare low-foam to foam-free aqueous dye liquors having very good solution stability, even in the presence of electrolytes.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of water-soluble compounds obtained by esterifying alkylene oxide adducts on alcohols having 10 to 24 C atoms with carboxylic acids having up to 22 C atoms and carrying 1 to 6 carboxyl groups as preparation agents for dyestuffs which are insoluble to sparingly soluble in water and preparations which contain a dyestuff having a particle size of less than about 5 .mu.m and one of the preparation agents mentioned.

Abstract: A reactive dye composition containing a dye mixture comprising 60 to 97 wt. % of C.I. Reactive Orange 16 and 40 to 3 wt. % of C.I. Reactive Orange 7, and 5 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said dye mixture of a naphthalenesulfonic acid/formaldehyde condensate having a sulfonation degree of 100 to 200%, which is very readily soluble in water and an aqueous alkaline solution and useful for dyeing cellulose fibers with a high color yield.

Abstract: A powder formulation of the dye of the formula ##STR1## which contains sodium chloride and a condensate of .beta.-naphthalenesulfonic acid with formaldehyde, or a sulfomethylation product which is obtained by condensing phenol, formaldehyde and a sulfite or bisulfite in the presence of sodium hydroxide, using a molar ratio of phenol: formaldehyde: sulfite or bisulfite: sodium hydroxide of 1:1.0-4:0.3-1.6:0.05-0.5.The dye formulation is readily soluble in water and gives speck-free prints and dyeings, with a high color yield.

Abstract: Pulverulent preparations with a low dust content, in particular dyestuff powders, are obtained when the customary dustproofing agents are not added before the drying process and also are not sprayed directly onto the product to be dustproofed, but are allowed to act on the pulverulent product in the form of an aerosol.The average particle size of the aerosol is less than 10.mu..

Abstract: Process for the preparation of water-soluble dyestuffs with a low salt content, characterized in that the water-soluble dyestuffs are salted out from their aqueous solutions and/or dispersions by adding salts which are volatile at temperatures of about 40.degree. C. to about 250.degree. C. under a pressure of about 10 mm Hg to about 760 mm Hg, the dyestuffs are isolated and the volatile salts are volatilized during the drying process.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for preparing sulfonated lignins processing a low viscosity which comprises pretreating a lignin with sodium dithionate and subsequently reacting the pretreated lignin with sodium sulfite and an aldehyde. The resulting sulfonated lignins are useful as dispersants for disperse dyes and vat dyes.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical tablet consists of a substrate containing a medicament and may be covered with a coating, said coating including a pigment comprising a natural water insoluble edible powder dyed with an edible natural dye. The pigment for coloring the tablet, or other pharmaceutical products, as well as food and cosmetics, is made by suspending a natural water insoluble edible powdered substrate in an aqueous vehicle and dyeing the suspended powdered substrate with an edible natural dye. The liquid is removed to obtain the dry pigment powder of the invention which then can be suspended in a suspending medium and used for coating products to be colored such as food, drug and cosmetic products.

Abstract: It is possible by heating at temperatures of between 65.degree. and 200.degree. C. to convert the known .alpha.-modification of the azo dye of the formula ##STR1## which is unstable to dyeing, completely into the .beta.-modification which is stable to dyeing. The modification transformation can be performed either with the solid dye or with a suspension thereof in an organic, preferably aromatic, solvent.The novel dye modification is stable in dispersion under dyeing conditions, and shows no tendency to flocculate.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of low foam generating and/or low dusting dyestuff or fluorescent whitening agent formulations by continuous introduction of defoaming and/or dedusting agents into the feed stream carrying the aqueous dyestuff or fluorescent whitening agent preparation to a drying apparatus.

Abstract: New solid dyestuff preparations are disclosed consisting of an anionic dyestuff having a particle size of less than 10.mu., a dispersing agent, a basic component, especially sodium bicarbonate, a solid acid component, preferably tartaric acid, as well as, optionally, further additives.The new dyestuff preparations are stable in storage, and have good solubility in water, they are therefore extremely suitable for the preparation of aqueous dye liquors.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a composition suitable for use in dyeing human hair, which composition contains a mixture of dyestuff precursors obtained by reacting at least one polyhydroxybenzene of the formula: ##STR1## and one precursor of the formula: ##STR2## which process comprises the following stages: (1) the abovementioned reaction is carried out in an anaerobic medium in a first solvent which is chosen with regard to the course of the reaction and the subsequent lyophilization;(2) the reversible reaction is stopped at the desired stage by freezing; and(3) the final reaction mixture is lyophilized with the removal of the first solvent. At the time of use(4) the lyophilizate obtained in (3) is dissolved in a second solvent which is a cosmetic solvent suitable for hair dyeing and which can be different from the first solvent.

Abstract: A method of coating an organic dye composition with an inert coating material, such as an epoxy resin, is disclosed which improves the mechanical properties of the organic dye particles and enables the production of pour-castable colored smoke-producing compositions of high solids loading.

Abstract: A dye preparation containing at least one dye insoluble or difficultly soluble in water, an anionic or nonionic dispersing agent, at least one metal complex consisting of a polyvalent cation and at least one complexing agent, and optionally further additives, water and/or organic solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of pulverulent formulations of transfer printing dyestuffs.The process is characterized in that the aqueous dispersions of these dyestuffs are mixed with compounds of the formulaR--ZwhereinR denotes a hydrophobic radical with at least 5 C atoms andZ denotes the groups --COOH, --NH.sub.2, --O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.n H, --NX.sub.1 X.sub.2 or --NH(CH.sub.2).sub.m NX.sub.1 X.sub.2,in whichn is 0, 1 or 2,m is 2-6 andX.sub.1 /X.sub.2 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,with the proviso that R represents a non-cyclic aliphatic radical when Z represents COOH,and the aqueous mixtures are converted into dry pulverulent form in a manner which is in itself known.The preparation can easily be dispersed in organic media, for example in organic solvents such as those customary in the preparation of printing pastes, and are outstandingly suitable for the preparation of printing inks for printing temporary supports for heat transfer printing.

Abstract: Described is a process for the production of negligibly dusty preparations by spray drying an aqueous suspension containing at least one water-soluble dye or optical brightener and optionally further additives, characterized in that a dust-binding surface active agent is added to the aqueous suspension containing at least one adhesive as e.g. sorbitol and/or to the spray-dried product.

Abstract: Stable dust-free commercial preparations of organic substances are described, which preparations comprise an organic substance especially a dyestuff or optical brightener in dry powder form enclosed in a covering, particularly in a sack or bag sealed on all sides, made from polyethylene oxide having a molecular weight of more than 200,000 and a thickness of 10 to 80.mu., which covering is soluble in the same medium as the content.

Abstract: The invention seeks to provide a free-flowing formulation of one or more disperse dyes, with which packages can be dyed homogeneously by the HT process without filtering out of the dye, and which is suitable for the thermosol dyeing process. According to the invention such a formulation comprises one or more disperse dyes (a) enclosed in a matrix of one or more polymers (b) which are soluble, or colloidally soluble, both in water and in an organic solvent, in the form of a solid solution in a state of molecular dispersion or of extremely fine subdivision so that in an X-ray spectrum the dye appears amorphous.The formulations may contain additional assistants conventionally present when dyeing hydrophobic fibers. The formulations contain the disperse dye in an extremely fine state of subdivision. Because of the latter, the formulations give level package dyeings, without filtration of the dye, and very level dyeings when used by the thermofixing process.

Abstract: Process for the production of granular mixtures of vat dyestuffs and/or disperse dyestuffs, characterized in that liquid or pasty, finished formulations of two or more vat dyestuffs and/or disperse dyestuffs are spray-dried together to form granules.

Abstract: A dye composition containing C.I. Reactive Blue 19 and an alkylnaphthalenesulfonic acid/formaldehyde condensate, which is very readily soluble in water and aqueous alkaline liquors and useful for dyeing natural and regenerated cellulose fibers with high color yield, particularly in accordance with a one-bath pad dyeing method.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical tablet consists of a substrate containing a medicament and may be covered with a coating, said coating including a pigment comprising a natural water insoluble edible powder dyed with an edible natural dye. The pigment for coloring the tablet, or other pharmaceutical products, as well as food and cosmetics, is made by suspending a natural water insoluble edible powdered substrate in an aqueous vehicle and dyeing the suspended powdered substrate with an edible natural dye. The liquid is removed to obtain the dry pigment powder of the invention which then can be suspended in a suspending medium and used for coating products to be colored such as food, drug and cosmetic products.

Abstract: Described is a process for the production of solid dustfree preparations of water-soluble dyes and optical brighteners, which process comprises subjecting the pulverulent dyes or optical brighteners, together with a melt or a solution of ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, to a dynamic treatment. The preparations obtained have in particular the advantage that the dust-binding effect is retained undiminished over a long period of time, and that they are completely soluble when used in aqueous baths of dyes or optical brighteners.

Abstract: A dye composition contains as indispensable ingredients a water-insoluble dye and 10-150% by weight, based on the dye, of a nonionic surfactant of the general formula:HO--C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.l (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.m (C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.n Hwherein l, m and n each represent an integer of one or more l+m+n being in the range of 100-350 and (l+n)/m being two or more.

Abstract: This invention relates to organic dye compositions of improved mechanical properties and to a method of coating the dye with an inert coating material which enables the production of pour-castable colored smoke-producing compositions of high solids loading, particularly when a red dye e.g. Disperse Red 9, is employed.

Abstract: This invention discloses compositions and methods for dyeing natural proteinaceous and synthetic polyamide fibers, particularly wool, silk and nylons, utilizing acid dyes and dye assistants comprising mixtures of butyl benzoate either with p-benzyl phenol or with a mixture of methyl toluates and methyl benzoate.

Abstract: Easily water-dispersible pulverulent formulations of disperse dyes are prepared by spray-drying a dye solution which comprises(a) one or more disperse dyes,(b) one or more water-soluble anionic dispersants,(c) from 0 to 20% by weight, based on (a+b+c+d), of other surfactants and(d) from 0 to 20% by weight, based on (a+b+c+d) of agents which serve as protective colloids (the proportion of (c+d) being at most 20% by weight).Suitable solvents (e) are formic acid, formamide, N-methylformamide, butyrolactone, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, which may in addition contain up to 100% by weight, based on (e), of N,N-dimethylformamide or acetic acid or mixtures of these. The formulations obtained by the above process contain the dye in very fine dispersion.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of the dye of the formula ##STR1## for transfer printing, and to printing inks and supports for transfer printing which contain, in addition to the customary constituents, the dye of the indicated formula, as well as to the material printed with the dye.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of the dye of the formula ##STR1## for transfer printing, and to printing inks and supports for transfer printing which contain, in addition to the customary constituents, the dye of the indicated formula, as well as to the material printed with the dye.