Abstract: A musical tone data compensation apparatus which detects chord components in a performance data stored in accordance with operation of a keyboard and modifies touch data of each tone composing a chord. New touch data are generated by compression or expansion of each difference in touch data with referring to a representative touch data in a block of chord tones, so that emphasis or smoothness is given to a sequence of chords.

Abstract: An electronic keyboard or similar electronic musical instrument having an automatic rhythm playing function and an ad-libbing function. The instrument includes keys to which an ad-libbing function is assigned. When one presses any of the ad-libbing keys on the keyboard, the instrument allows the operator to feel as if the operator were performing an ad-lib. Various kinds of ad lib plays are available by looping note data representative of a single melody or by transforming the note data to a plurality of melodies by chord detection.

Abstract: A music interpreter apparatus automatically interprets a notational music composition (written or printed music), which is abstract and incomplete to some extent, to provide its performance realization information which is specific and complete. The apparatus includes a score memory, an interpreter and a performance memory. The score memory stores a coded music notational symbol string representing a written music composition. The interpreter reads and interprets the coded music notational string based on an artificial intelligence simulating knowledge and experience of a human music interpreter or performer to provide a performance symbol string specifying the performance realization and containing played pitch, note-on time, duration and loudness parameters of specified values with respect to each note in the music composition. The resultant performance symbol string is stored into the performance memory.

Abstract: A tonality determining apparatus provides a tonality analysis of a chord progression. The apparatus includes a chord function knowledge database storing musical knowledge of evaluating a function of each chord in the chord progression. A keynote and function progression extractor determines a keynote and function of each chord in the chord progression from a chord progression input device in accordance with the function knowledge database. From the extractor's results a tonality data generator produces tonality data defining a pitch class set available in each chord time interval. The tonality determining apparatus is applied to an accompaniment apparatus for playing an accompaniment with a desired tonality.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of a dual filter duet-sound generating method, by allowing an electronic musical instrument with duet-note capability to simultaneously output a harmonious chord in an instrument voice different from that of the depressed melody keyboard note, each duet note being respectively output in different instrument's voice. The electronic musical instrument for carrying out the invention includes: a microputer 11 for control, a sound-generator IC 21 for generating a duet-sound, a plurality of instrument voice filters, a plurality of buffers connected between the sound-generator and the instrument voice filters, a plurality of inventers for control, a plurality of switches at the user interface, a musical keyboard, amplifiers, and a speaker to produce musical sounds.

Abstract: This invention realizes a musical instrument, automatically transposing the pitches of the sounds reproduced from the musical instruments played by a performer, based on the pitch changes of the reproduced sounds caused by the changes in the reproduction speeds of audio equipment.Thus, this invention enables a performer to play an electronic musical instrument at a desired speed without having to retune it, when performer play musical instrument accompanying music sound reproduced by audio equipment.

Abstract: An automatic key designating apparatus is used for an electronic musical instrument in order to automatically designating a desirable key in response to a chord progression consisting of several chords designated by a performer during a performance. This apparatus provides a chord designating unit (preferably, a keyboard) capable of sequentially designating chords and a memory capable of storing chord information concerning at least a current chord, a preceding chord and a previous chord which were sequentially designated. When it is detected that a predetermined specific chord progression is established in these three chords, key data corresponding to such chord progression is set. Based on this key data, a desirable key is automatically designated. Meanwhile, before setting the key data indicative of the finally determined key, a temporary key can be determined based on the previous and preceding chords.

Abstract: A music emulator for emulating guitar sounds uses non-guitar like devices, as for instance a piano style keyboard, for input. Input from the keyboard within a time window is defined as simultaneous and entered into a note list. A signal is derived from the note list indicative of the chord played on the keyboard. In addition, notes in the note list can be extended to form a full chord whereby as few as three notes constituting a chord input at the keyboard are extended to a greater number of notes as, for instance, the six strings of a guitar. This signal is then outputted at a time rate which is extended with respect to the input time window whereby the output emulates a guitar strum including an arpeggiation or strumming effect of a guitar like sound. Chord extension is achieved by analyzing the notes in the note list as to their pitch and generating further notes which are outside the typical one octave range of a keyboard chord and extend to the typical four octave window of a guitar.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an automatic performance apparatus of an electronic musical instrument for activating and deactivating an automatic performance for each musical part such as melody tone, accompaniment tone, or rhythm tone. The first performance data memory stores an instruction signal which instructs the second reading circuit to start and stop reading performance data stored in the second performance data memory, so that the reading of the performance data stored in the second performance data memory can automatically start and stop in accordance with the progressing of the reading based on the performance data stored in the first performance data memory. Both performance data stored in the first performance data memory and in the second performance data memory are read by respective reading circuits, so that it is possible to selectively start and stop reading the performance data stored in both the first performance data memory and the second performance data memory.

Abstract: A melody analyzer is provided which analyzes a given melody with respect to individual melody notes therein. In an embodiment, chord data in the form of a specific root and type, and tonality data in the form of a specific key note and mode are supplied to the melody analyzer. A chord note generator produces from the supplied chord a pitch class set of chord notes thereof while an available note generator develops from the supplied tonality and chord a pitch class set of available notes. A separator classifies each melody note into a harmonic tone and a nonharmonic tone in accordance with the chord note pitch class set. Another separator labels each melody note with either an available note or an unavailable note in accordance with the available note pitch class set. A motion evaluator evaluates motions in the supplied melody.

Abstract: An auto-accompaniment apparatus for an electronic musical instrument which includes an accompaniment pattern storage means and chord progression pattern storage means. These accompaniment pattern and chord progression pattern are programmed in the storage means for each type of rhythms. Accompaniment pattern data and the chord progression pattern data are read out from the storage means in response to selection of rhythm. A modifier modifies accompaniment notes in the accompaniment pattern data in accordance with programmed chord name in the chord progression pattern data. A tone generator generates accompaniment tones on the basis of the modified accompaniment notes.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument includes a first tone generator for generating a musical tone in response to each depression of key on an accompaniment keyboard and a second tone generator for generating a musical tone in accordance with the musical performance data read from the memory. In a specific mode, the player can cause the first tone generator to generate a musical tone through the accompaniment keyboard with the accompaniment being automatically played. In a mode for recording an accompaniment of a music into the memory in a step manner, a chord is detected from keys depressed on the accompaniment keyboard, and data representative of the detected chord is written into the memory together with data representative of a note-length designated by note-length selection switches. In a mode for recording an accompaniment in real time, each time keys are depressed, the chord data of the depressed keys is written into the memory together with the contents of a tempo clock counter.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument provides an automatic tonality designating function capable of automatically designating a desirable tonality based on a chord and a rhythm kind which are respectively designated. The chord is designated by simultaneously depressing plural keyboard keys, while desirable one of plural rhythm kinds which are predetermined in advance is designated by the performer. In addition, a desirable mode can be determined based on the designated chord. Based on the mode, chord and rhythm kind, an automatic accompaniment can be performed. Further, this electronic musical instrument can also provide a chord detecting apparatus capable of automatically detecting a desirable chord based on plural notes (or note names) designated by the performer. In such chord detection, an evasive note is automatically omitted from all notes designated by the performer, so that the desirable chord can be detected with accuracy.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a chord progression by connecting or chaining chord patterns. In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus includes as a source of musical knowledge, a database of musical structure of various music pieces and a database of chord patterns. In operation, from the musical structure database, a multi-leveled structural feature of a music piece is selected and determined level by level, either automatically, semi-automatically, or manually, through a dialogue conducted between the apparatus and the user. Thereafter, chord patterns are chosen one at a time from the chord pattern database in a similar dialogue manner. A concatenating module controls the concatenation of the chosen chord patterns to be commensurate with the characteristic musical structure previously determined, thereby to provide a chord progression with musicality, naturalness and well-balanced unity and variety.

Abstract: An apparatus disclosed designates pitches based on combinations of operated statuses of a plurality of pitch designating switches and sets a chord whose type is designated by type designating switches and whose root is the designated pitch.

Abstract: An automatic accompaniment apparatus plays, in real-time, an accompanimental line that is subordinated to a melodic line and formed by a succession of harmonic and nonharmonic tones. The apparatus comprises a key determining unit which determines a key in the current chord interval from a series of chords supplied from a musical performance input unit such as a keyboard, an arpeggio generator which forms the arpeggio portion of accompanimental line in the current chord interval by using the members of the current chord, and a nonharmonic generator which produces the nonharmonic portion of accompanimental line in the current chord interval by selecting nonharmonic tones from a scale having the determined key. In an embodiment, there is further provided a knowledge memory storing knowledge of classifying nonharmonic tones and an accompaniment memory storing accompanimental pattern data forming the basis of the final accompanimental line.

Abstract: An automatic composer comprises an input unit which inputs a melody forming part of a music piece and a chord progression of music, a melody analyzer which extracts parameters characterizing the input melody and a melody generator which develops a melody forming the remainder of the music piece. There is further provided a database of musical knowledge which is used by both of the melody analyzer and generator. Because the common musical knowledge is applied to both of melody analysis and synthesis, the synthesized melody will be well fit for the input melody. The knowledge in the database is managed by an editor through which a user may change the stored knowledge to what is desired. In order to take the full advantage of the chord progression for music composition, there is provided a musical structure extracting device which determines key and hierarchic structures in music from the chord progression.

Abstract: The present invention provides an automatic music playing apparatus for generating musical tone signals according to music playing information. The apparatus is essentially composed of (a) a tone generating unit having a plurality of tone generating channels for generating musical tone signals in response to tone generation control information; (b) a channel number designation unit for separately designating a desired number of tone generating channels of the tone generating for each part of the musical; and (c) an assignment unit for assigning music playing information to at least one of the tone generating channels.

Abstract: A melody harmonization apparatus is disclosed which can determine and produce available chords as many as there are for each segment (e.g., bar) of a given melody. In determining available chords, the apparatus does not need excessive constraints or merely hypothesized assumptions with respect to a melody under analysis such as no change of key throughout the melody and particular tonal musical effect or function of last melody notes. In an embodiment, a set of chord candidates are scanned. Each chord candidate is tentatively assumed available for a melody segment of interest. Then melody tones in that melody segment are analyzed and identified in a forward reasoning by exploring a network of musical knowledge of classifying melody tone functions or characters based on the tentative assumption while checking local melodic waves or movements.

Abstract: An automatic accompaniment apparatus performs an automatic accompaniment having much variety with less storing amount of information (e.g., rhythm pattern data or pattern data). Based on the stored information, generation of tone or chord is controlled. In addition, tie expression or shifting operation is also controlled. In the shifting operation, some of constituent tones constituting the chord are sequentially generated in a shifting manner. The tie expression is applied to the constituent tones which are commonly used between preceding chord and present chord.

Abstract: An automatic performance apparatus which records a performance state in the form of performance data in a storage means, and plays back a performance based on the performance data read out from the storage means In a record mode, a chord detection means discriminates whether or not a chord has been established. If a chord has been established, then chord information is written in memory. If a chord has not been established, then tone information including key-on information or a note portion of key-on information, excluding octave information, is written in memory. The automatic performance apparatus enables the use of a storage means having a greatly reduced storage capacity as compared to a prior art one, and pitch or note information designated at a keyboard or the like are recorded/played back as performance data without modification.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument having automatic bass chord accompaniment performance in which bass tones are generated in different manners depending on the state of the keyboards of the device. Chord and bass notes are selected using lower and pedal keyboards, respectively. The chord type and root note are identified from the depressed keys of the keyboards. The bass tone is generated with consideration of whether the identified root note coincides with the selected bass note. In the situation where the root note coincides with the bass note, a bass tone is generated based on a stored predetermined bass pattern corresponding to the particular chord type and root note identified. In the situation where the root note does not coincide with the bass note, or if a chord type has not been identified, a bass tone is generated based on the depressed bass note key.