Abstract: Exemplary piston assemblies and methods of making the same are disclosed. An exemplary piston may include a piston body defining a piston axis, the piston body having a skirt and forming a lower surface of a cooling gallery. The body may include radially inner and outer body mating surfaces. The piston may further include a cooling gallery ring cooperating with the piston body to form the cooling gallery. The piston body and cooling gallery ring may be joined together along radially inner and radially outer interface regions to form a generally one-piece piston assembly. In some exemplary approaches, mating surfaces of the body and ring may be positioned adjacent a support surface configured to inhibit or prevent weld spatter formed in a process joining the ring and body from the cooling gallery.

Abstract: A steel piston with an oil gallery, and process for forming a steel piston oil gallery channel, which corresponds to the complex shape of the combustion bowl in the piston crown. The oil gallery channel is first forged to the basic shape that corresponds to the shape of the walls of the combustion bowl. Machine-turning surfaces in the oil gallery channel can be machine-finished as desired. Surfaces in the oil gallery which cannot be machined with conventional turning operations, such as recesses and protrusions into the channel, are left in the original forged condition.

Abstract: A steel piston with an oil gallery, and process for forming a steel piston oil gallery channel, which corresponds to the complex shape of the combustion bowl in the piston crown. The piston crown is made by a cast metal or powder metal forming process. The oil gallery channel is formed to the basic shape that corresponds to the shape of the walls of the combustion bowl. Machine-turning surfaces in the oil gallery channel can be machine-finished as desired. Surfaces in the oil gallery which cannot be machined with conventional turning operations, such as recesses and protrusions into the channel, are left in the original as-formed condition.

Abstract: An engine includes a piston located in a piston bore within a cylinder block, a first spring biasing the piston in a first direction, and a second spring biasing the piston in a second direction opposite the first direction, wherein the first spring and the second spring control a displacement of the piston.

Abstract: A servo valve includes a movable throttling member positioned between a first opening and an opposing second opening, and a first inlet port and a second inlet port to convey a fluid flow toward the first and opening, respectively. A first inlet orifice, defined between the first inlet port and a first pressure reaction member, is located between and in fluid communication with the first inlet port and the first opening. A second inlet orifice, is located between and in fluid communication with the second inlet port and the second opening. The second pressure reaction member is secured to the first pressure reaction member at a substantially fixed distance. Each of the first inlet orifice and the second inlet orifice is variable via a change a pressure of the fluid flow downstream of the first inlet orifice and the second inlet orifice.

Abstract: A piston has a one-piece body having a first portion and a second portion. The second portion is integrally formed with the first portion, is flexibly movable between a first position and a second position relative to the first portion, and is biased toward the first position. The first portion has an orifice, and the second portion has a seal member. When the second portion is disposed in the first position, the seal member is disposed in a sealed arrangement with the orifice, and when the second portion is disposed in the second position, the seal member is disposed in an unsealed arrangement with the orifice.

Abstract: The invention relates to a piston for a brake caliper, which can be actuated in combined fashion, of a disk brake, which piston 1 is produced by shaping processes from a metallic material, in particular from a planar metal sheet, and which piston 1 is formed as a pot which is open on one side and which has a longitudinal axis, a wall and a piston crown, and which piston has a twist prevention facility for a drive nut. The invention is based on the problem of providing a robust piston construction which is better capable of tolerating erroneous repair work. To solve the problem, it is proposed that the twist prevention facility has, between the piston and drive nut, at least one reinforcement for protecting against plastic deformation of at least one driver.

Abstract: A piston assembly, which may be part of a concentric slave cylinder for use in an automatic transmission, is provided. The piston assembly includes a piston and a piston cylinder disposed adjacent to the piston and having portions forming a receiving slot. A piston guide is attached to the piston. The piston guide has a main body portion and an alignment protrusion extending from the main body portion. The alignment protrusion is disposed in the receiving slot of the piston cylinder. The alignment protrusion includes a main alignment portion and a spring lever. The spring lever is separated from the main alignment portion by a gap. Compressible material is disposed in the gap.

Abstract: A tribosystem for a piston unit includes the piston unit having a piston and at least one rolling body mounted rotatably in a rolling-body receptacle of the piston. The rolling-body receptacle is substantially comprised of a bearing material having a PEEK/PTFE matrix. A surface of the at least one rolling body is polished.

Abstract: An oil scraper ring, comprising a base body having a radially outer running surface, a radially inner circumferential surface, and an upper and a lower flank, the ring having at least two running surface lands, which are provided with a wear-resistant layer if needed and which, proceeding from the base body, are conically tapered at a predeterminable flank angle, radially in the direction of the ends thereof facing a counter running surface, forming limbs, and, proceeding from an oil chamber-side region, the free ends of the running surface lands being designed to be slanted at least in some regions in the direction of a combustion chamber-side region, wherein the respective transition regions from the slanted region of the running surface land into the limbs on the one hand, and from the limbs into the base body on the other hand, are rounded, the slanted region of the running surface land being operatively connected to a cylindrical section that extends in the direction of the oil chamber-side region, the r

Abstract: A piston damper has a cylinder including an attachment portion; a piston reciprocatingly disposed inside the cylinder; and a rod including an attachment portion that is moved synchronously with the piston. Each of the attachment portions of the cylinder and the rod is adapted to connect to different one of a first member and a second member to damp a movement of the other member relative to one member among both the members. At least one of the attachment portion of the cylinder and the attachment portion of the rod is formed with a fitting hole, and the attachment portion is axially supported in a fitted state between the fitting hole and an axis relative to at least one of the first member and the second member, and includes an urging device absorbing looseness of the fitting hole relative to the axis.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for controlling a moveable pumping diaphragm and a liquid color diaphragm pump, including a housing, a movable pin slidably residing within the housing, a potentiometer connected to and residing within the housing for sensing movement of the pin, riding against the diaphragm of the pump and a spring for biasing the pin against the diaphragm.

Abstract: To provide a high-thermal-conductivity piston ring having excellent scuffing resistance and wear resistance, which can be used in a high-heat-load environment in engines, a TiN coating as thick as 10-60 ?m, in which the texture coefficient of a (220) plane is 1.1-1.8 in X-ray diffraction on the coating surface, larger than those of (111) and (200) planes, is formed under the optimized ion plating conditions on a peripheral surface of the piston ring. Also, to obtain excellent sliding characteristics with low friction without losing excellent thermal conductivity of TiN, a hard amorphous carbon coating is formed on the TiN coating.

Abstract: A piston assembly having a piston (10) and a piston/piston rod coupling arrangement, wherein the piston has a cavity (12) with a catch portion (15) and the piston rod (20) has a coupling member in form of deflectable flaps (23) for engagement with the catch portion (15) inside the cavity (12) of piston (10). The flaps (23) of the coupling member have a radially variable dimension which is biased radially outwardly by dedicated bias means (26) upon entry of the coupling member into the cavity (12) of the piston (10).

Abstract: A structure for mounting a piston ring mounted around a piston head of a piston is provided. The structure includes a ring groove formed along the piston head with a guide recess circumferentially formed in the ring groove in a certain section. The piston ring is rotatably fitted into the ring groove. A guide protrusion is formed on the piston ring and is provided in the section of the guide recess such that the guide protrusion is rotated within the section. The structure is configured such that when a plurality of piston rings is mounted around the piston head, rotation sections of the end gaps of the piston rings are not aligned with each other.

Abstract: A piston assembly is provided. The piston assembly may include: a piston rod; a piston pivotally connected to the piston rod; and a rotatable rod bearing configured to allow the piston rod to pass therethough and rotate along with the piston rod as the piston rod pivots with respect to the piston. A method of making a piston assembly may be provided. The method may include: attaching a piston rod to a piston in a pivoting connection; providing a rotatable bearing for the piston rod; and supporting the piston rod with the rotatable bearing.

Abstract: A piston includes an outer shell having a receptacle at one end and a link retainer. The link retainer is configured to be positioned within the receptacle and affixed to the outer shell. The link retainer and the outer shell each define an opposing wall of a sealing ring groove, and one of the link retainer and the outer shell has an outer surface defining a base of the sealing ring groove.

Abstract: A seal assembly for a reciprocating piston system is provided that compensates for uneven wear rates between the ring components of the seal assembly by initially sizing a portion of the width of the sealing ring larger than the width of the annular recess in the cover ring, this portion at least partially overlapping the gap in the cover ring but not the gap in the sealing ring.

Abstract: A combustion chamber in an opposed-piston, internal-combustion engine is disclosed in which the pistons tops are designed so that when they approach each other, they induce a tumble flow in one or two hemispherical spaces defined in the piston tops. The combustion chamber further includes injectors side mounted in the cylinder wall. In one embodiment, the tumble flows in the two hemispheres are in the same direction and in another embodiment, in opposite directions. In yet another embodiment, there is only one injector and one hemisphere in which a tumble flow is induced.

Abstract: An input piston and an input rod of a master cylinder are connected such that a spherical tip portion of the input rod is integrally connected in an axial direction and tiltably connected in a radial direction to a concave portion in a bottom portion of a piston inner hole. A sphere diameter of the spherical tip portion is larger than the maximum diameter of a shaft portion in the input rod. The concave portion of the input piston has a conical bottom portion that receives the spherical tip portion and a cylindrical hole portion that can accommodate the spherical tip portion, and the concave portion is formed in the input piston itself. An opening-side end portion of the cylindrical hole portion is configured to be pressed and molded in the axial direction and an inner radial direction by use of a fixture to retain the spherical tip portion.

Abstract: Provided is a piston ring capable of maintaining an excellent effect of preventing aluminum cohesion in a high output engine over a long period of time. At least one of the upper, lower, and side faces of the piston ring is coated with a silica-based coating in which hard nanoparticles are dispersed. The coating has a Martens hardness of 1,000 to 8,000 N/mm2. As the hard nanoparticles, carbon nanoparticles, nanodiamond particles, carbon nanotubes, or carbon nanofibers are used. To the coating, resin particles of a fluorine-based resin or a polyether-based resin may be added.

Abstract: A pumping device includes a working chamber and a piston provided to slide in the working chamber so as to vary the useful volume of the chamber during pumping, and anti-rotation elements for the piston. Advantageously, the anti-rotation elements include an index (107) mounted radially with respect to the axis of the piston and the device includes a longitudinal slot (108), the index being provided so as to move in the slot. Advantageously, the index (107) has two approximately parallel planar faces that extend longitudinally.

Abstract: Hydraulic device such as a motor or a pump comprising a first assembly of parts (1C) including a housing part, and a second assembly of parts (1D) fixed to said first assembly. Said assemblies present respectively a first and a second contact face (1C?,1D?), which are stressed towards each other and placed in mutual contact by means (15) exerting axial stress. One at least of the first and second contact faces has a rough friction surface. Because of the latter, high torque can be transmitted between the two assemblies. Production process for such a hydraulic device.

Abstract: A manifold actuator assembly is provided with a manifold comprising a block, and a hydraulic actuator connected to a solenoid valve within the block. The solenoid valve controls hydraulic, linear movement of a rod of the hydraulic actuator. The manifold actuator assembly may be used in a metering system to open and close movable gates disposed downstream from a meter roller before product enters a distribution system. The manifold actuator assembly may also be used as a locking apparatus to lock and unlock members in a wide variety of applications.

Abstract: A pump piston structure of a hydraulic cylinder includes a pump piston having an aslant circular groove formed on a circumferential surface of the pump piston and interconnected to a through hole on a distal surface, a movable O-ring installed at the aslant circular groove, a penetrating hole formed between a distal surface of the pump piston and a piston rod and blocked by a pressure valve, and an oil suction hole formed separately on the pump piston and the piston rod for sucking hydraulic oil to push the hydraulic cylinder in the reciprocal movements of the pump piston, and when the hydraulic cylinder is loaded with a heavy object, some of the hydraulic oil at the pump piston returns to the piston rod to reduce the resistance of operating the pump.

Abstract: Exemplary power cell assemblies and methods of making the same are disclosed. An exemplary power cell assembly may include a piston crown and connecting rod. In an exemplary illustration, a power cell assembly includes a piston crown having a ringland extending circumferentially about a combustion bowl. The boss portions may each include inwardly extending shoulders defining arcuate crown running surfaces. The power cell assembly may further include a connecting rod having a shank and an upper end received in a cavity of the crown. The upper end of the connecting rod may define arcuate connecting rod running surfaces extending away from the shank. The crown running surfaces and connecting rod running surfaces generally allow the connecting rod to pivot with respect to the piston crown about an axis of rotation that extends from one of the boss portions to the other of the boss portions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cylinder made of metallic material or of plastic for a reciprocating piston machine having a crank drive, in particular having a crank loop drive, having at least one cylinder casing that has a cylinder bore, and also at least one cylinder sleeve made of ceramic material mounted in the cylinder bore, wherein the cylinder sleeve is adhesively bonded into the cylinder bore.

Abstract: A cryogenic refrigerator includes a displacer having a flow channel that supplies a refrigerant gas to a regenerator; and a cylinder that accommodates the displacer so as to be movable in an axial direction, has a heat diffusion portion at a high-temperature end portion thereof, and forms a space portion together with a high-temperature end of the displacer. A clearance is formed between an outer peripheral surface of the displacer and an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder. The flow channel is made to open to the outer peripheral surface of the displacer, and the refrigerant gas within the room-temperature chamber flows into the regenerator through the clearance and the flow channel.

Abstract: A locking pneumatic piston (100) is provided. The locking pneumatic piston (100) includes a piston rod (113) connected to a piston (120) located in a piston chamber (103) and extending out of the piston chamber (103). The locking pneumatic piston (100) further includes a locking seal (124) extending around and positioned at a circumferential surface (126) of the piston (120) and an internal pneumatic channel (127) extending through at least a lengthwise portion of the piston rod (113) and through the piston (120) to the locking seal (124). When a pneumatic locking pressure is provided to the internal pneumatic channel (127), the pneumatic locking pressure extends the locking seal (124) at least partially outward and away from the piston (120) and presses against the inner surface (104) of the piston chamber (103), substantially locking the piston (120) in place within the piston chamber (103).

Abstract: A device for applying a directed contact pressure force to a multitude of samples. A first part of the device includes a multitude of sample receptacles that receive a multitude of joining surface modules of the same kind, and a second part of the device is connected to the first part in such a manner that a multitude of fluidically intercommunicating hydraulic cylinders in one of the two parts can load the joining surface modules simultaneously in a loading direction at a predetermined force that is substantially identical in respect to all samples.

Abstract: A sealing element for a rotary piston machine for sealing a lever is provided which is guided in an annular gap and is rotatable around a rotational axis, wherein the sealing element is rotationally symmetrical relative to the rotational axis, characterized in that the sealing element comprises a dynamic region and a static region, wherein the dynamic region has an axial sealing face being directed towards the annular gap, and a radial sealing face being directed towards the interior of an annular channel of the rotary piston machine, which annular channel surrounds the annular gap; and wherein the static region serves to fix the sealing element to the rotary piston machine, and wherein there is formed in the static region a channel, to which a fluid can be supplied.

Abstract: A piston assembly, including: a piston for a clutch in a torque converter including: first and second radial surfaces; and a radially inner-most end connecting the first and second radial surfaces. The piston assembly includes a radially displaceable bushing assembly: arranged to engage an input shaft for a transmission and form a first seal against the input shaft; including a first radial wall disposed parallel to the first radial surface and forming a second seal against the first radial surface; and including a second wall facing the second radial surface. The bushing assembly is radially displaceable with respect to the piston while maintaining the first seal between the first radial wall and the first radial surface and the second seal between the bushing assembly and the input shaft.

Abstract: This invention discloses a piston set and a compressor thereof. The piston set is disposed in a cylinder of a compressor and comprises a piston and two piston rings. The piston is a rod-shaped structure installed in a ring-shaped groove close to the periphery of both ends of the piston. At least one interference element is formed at the bottom surface of each of the grooves. The two piston rings are installed in the grooves of the piston and being tilted by the interference element respectively. By such arrangements, the invention can improve the air tightness and cooling capacity of the compressor.

Abstract: A secure corset is applied in particular to the immobilization in the maximum opening position of an aircraft landing gear cage hatch. The corset has two half-shells that are able to enclose the piston of the actuator having an axis coincident with the common longitudinal axis of the half-shells once they are closed around the piston. Locking pins are able to hold the half-shells around the actuator. The corset also has a casing secured to at least one of the half-shells and equipped with a hooking unit that is able to be coupled to a fixed point on the structure. A structure for varying the distance between the casing and the hooking unit are able to move the hooking unit away from or towards the corset along the common longitudinal axis of the half-shells.

Abstract: A combined piston ring comprising a special gap effective for reducing blowby to have excellent gas sealability, comprising a piston ring body of a high-strength, heat-resistant resin comprising a step-shaped gap exposed on upper and lower side surfaces and an outer peripheral surface, and a spring disposed on the inner peripheral side of the piston ring body for pushing the piston ring body radially outward, at least a side surface of the piston ring body on the combustion chamber side having a heat-resistant coating, whereby the side surface of the piston ring on the combustion chamber side is not subject to local deformation and melting by a burned gas from the combustion chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for sealing off a piston rod, which moves substantially rectilinearly in a reciprocating manner with respect to a passage opening, of a reciprocating-piston machine, having at least two internally clamping sealing rings, which surround the piston rod and are arranged in the region of the passage opening so as to be substantially fixed with respect to a seal housing, and are mounted in the seal housing so as to be movable in a radial direction, and between at least two seal rings there is arranged a spacer ring which is arranged spaced apart from the piston rod, so as to form, together with the seal rings and the piston rod, an accumulation chamber for medium to be sealed off, for example for oil, and the spacer ring has at least one passage for discharging medium out of the accumulation chamber.

Abstract: A method and a manufacturing line allow for the manufacture of piston blanks of dimensions close to the final dimensions, which in the course of subsequent finish-machining need only be machined with removal of material to a small degree. A piston shaft of the piston blank is produced by backward extrusion. At least one hollow throat element is already produced at the piston blank by an upset-forging operation. For this purpose, a special forging tool is provided, which, after the manufacture of the piston shaft, takes effect on the piston blank in such a way that at least one hollow throat element is formed at the latest at subsequent forming of the piston base. In this way, a perceptible reduction is achieved in the weight of a piston in relation to conventionally manufactured forging pistons.

Abstract: A The piston-cylinder unit includes a cylinder having a closure body at the end. The closure body has a sleeve body which is fixedly connected on one side to the closure body and which is fastened to the cylinder. The sleeve body has a base which supports an operating pressure in the cylinder in direction of the closure body.

Abstract: A hydraulic auto-tensioner includes a cylinder containing hydraulic oil, a rod inserted in the cylinder, and two coupling pieces mounted to the bottom of the cylinder and the top end of the rod, respectively. A support ring is inserted in the mounting hole of each coupling piece, and a bush is inserted in the support ring. One of the radially inner surface of the mounting hole and the radially outer surface of the support ring is a curved surface such that the support ring is alignable. Radially outwardly extending flanges are formed at one end of the support ring and at the other end of the bush such that the flanges axially face the respective end surfaces of the coupling piece with gaps left therebetween. A coupling arrangement is provided between the support ring and the bush which is adapted to engage both the support ring and the bush when the bush is inserted into the support ring, thereby axially inseparably coupling them together.

Abstract: This invention provides a piston in which the moving piston unit can be prevented from rotating with respect the base piston unit, while suppressing the increase of the sliding resistance the piston has with respect to the cylinder. The circumferential wall of the moving piston unit has a pair of skirt parts opposing each other across a piston boss and a pair of side-wall parts coupling the skirt parts and each having an outer circumferential surface concaved toward the central axis X1 of the piston. The side-wall parts have a penetration part each, which penetrates the side-wall part and extends in the directions the moving piston unit reciprocates with respect to the base piston unit. The base piston unit has rotation preventing projections that project perpendicular to the central axis of the piston and are inserted into the penetration parts.

Abstract: An output shaft and arms are installed inside a cylinder. Pistons that are formed in an arc shape and rotatably connected to the arms slide and are displaced in the circumferential direction of the cylinder inside the cylinder. Inside the cylinder, a first pressure chamber on the arm side and second pressure chambers on the piston head portion side are provided. Third pressure chambers are provided on both sides of the cylinder. A pressure medium is supplied to one of the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber and discharged from the other, and the output shaft pivots in a rotational direction. When the pressure medium is supplied to the second pressure chambers, the pressure medium is also supplied to the third pressure chambers.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for coupling a piston to a rod to form a cylinder assembly are provided. The piston has a tapped bore extending therethrough for coupling to a first threaded region of the rod. The rod end extends beyond the piston member and includes a second threaded region for coupling to a tapped bore of a retaining member. The piston member is coupled to the rod member at a low torque, e.g., up to about 1000 Nm. An external thread of each of the threaded segment of the piston bore and the first threaded region of the first portion of the rod member may be formed with a root radius of greater than 0.125 pitch or with MJ class thread. The retaining member may include setscrews offset from one another for frictional engagement with the rod end. The thread pitch between the rod and the piston may be coarser than between the rod and the retaining member.

Abstract: The specification discloses a portable dialysis machine having a detachable controller unit and base unit with an improved reservoir heating system. The controller unit includes a door having an interior face, a housing with a panel, where the housing and panel define a recessed region configured to receive the interior face of the door, and a manifold receiver fixedly attached to the panel. The base unit has a reservoir with an internal pan and external pan, separated by a space that holds a heating element. The heating element is electrically coupled to electrical contacts attached to the external surface of the external pan.

Abstract: A piston ring assembly for sealing a cylinder wall to a piston body is provided. The piston ring assembly includes a plurality of rings stacked in an axial direction one in abutment with another. Each ring has an inner face and an outer face. The piston ring assembly also includes a spring which substantially circumferentially surrounds the stacked rings and abuts the outer faces of the rings. The spring biases the stacked rings in a radially inward direction for sealing the inner faces of the rings against the piston body. The spring may be of a strip of material bent into a serpentine pattern when in an at rest condition to apply the biasing force against the piston body.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a piston for an airless-type cosmetic container. The piston disposed in the container is moved upwards by operation of an airless pump to discharge contents, and a silicone packing part is integrated with a piston main body along a periphery thereof using an insert molding method, thus improving productivity. In addition, instead of direct contact between the container and the piston, the silicone packing part surrounding the piston uniformly comes into close contact with the container, thus ensuring superior sealability between the piston and the container, regardless of the shape of the piston, thereby preventing the leakage of the contents and efficiently discharging the contents. Moreover, unlike typical cosmetic containers, the container can be implemented in various shapes, thereby maximizing marketability.

Abstract: A sealing ring is configured to dynamically seal a pistol in a piston pump. The piston is guided in a piston housing or in a guide ring. The sealing ring is arranged on an outer circumference of the piston. The outer circumference of the piston forms a running surface. The sealing ring has an outer circumferential surface with at least one circumferential groove. The sealing ring also has an inner circumferential surface with at least one circumferential sealing When the sealing ring is in an installed state, limbs of the at least one sealing lip each form a defined angle with the running surface. The defined angles are formed, starting from an initial angle, by deforming the sealing ring during installation. The sealing ring is twisted about a center of its profile during the installation.

Abstract: A device for flushing a hydrant includes a stem connected to a valve of the hydrant; and an actuation system including a biased translational system coupled to the stem. An actuation system for flushing a hydrant includes a fluid; a piston assembly movable by the fluid; and a biasing element at least indirectly biasing the piston assembly towards a stop position. A method of flushing a hydrant includes operating an actuation system coupled to the hydrant, the actuation system including a stored energy device, a piston assembly coupled to a stem of the hydrant; and a biasing element coupled to the stem, the stem connected to a valve of the hydrant; and opening the valve of the hydrant by releasing energy from the stored energy device against a piston plate of the piston assembly.

Abstract: A sliding block for a piston of a hydraulic piston machine, includes a concave recess to receive a piston head and a sliding surface to support the piston. A lubricant channel passes through the sliding block from the concave recess to the sliding surface, and the concave recess transforms with a constant tangent i.e. without kinking into a transition segment of a constantly narrowing taper segment of the lubricant channel. The transition segment is convex.

Abstract: A thermal spray powder 20 is provided for use in a thermal spray technique, such as flame spraying, plasma spraying, cold spraying, and high velocity oxygen fuel spraying (HVOF). The thermal spray powder 20 is formed by water or gas atomization and comprises 3.0 to 7.0 wt. % carbon, 10.0 to 25.0 wt. % chromium, 1.0 to 5.0 wt. % tungsten, 3.5 to 7.0 wt. % vanadium, 1.0 to 5.0 wt. % molybdenum, not greater than 0.5 wt. % oxygen, and at least 40.0 wt. % iron, based on the total weight of the thermal spray powder 20. The thermal spray powder 20 can be applied to a metal body, such as a piston or piston ring, to form a coating. The thermal spray powder 20 can also provide a spray-formed part.

Abstract: A cryogenic refrigerator includes a displacer including a body part and a heat conducting part, wherein the material of the heat conducting part has a higher thermal conductivity than the body part; a cylinder accommodating the displacer in such a manner as to allow the displacer to reciprocate in the axial directions of the cylinder, wherein an expansion space is formed between the cylinder and a low temperature end of the displacer; a clearance channel formed between the displacer and the cylinder so as to allow a refrigerant gas to flow into the expansion space; and a cooling stage positioned adjacent to the expansion space. The heat conducting part faces the cooling stage across the clearance channel.