Abstract: A vehicle disassembly system for disassembling a vehicle by moving the vehicle through a plurality of discrete workstations specifically adapted for select de-pollution and dismantling procedures encountered during the end-of-life vehicle recycling process. A vehicle disassembly system exemplifying the principles of the present invention may comprise a primary de-pollution and disassembly line and an engine disassembly line. The primary de-pollution and disassembly line may include one or more de-pollution stations, one or more intermediate, part removal stations, and a conveyor apparatus for transmitting the end-of-life vehicle from the de-pollution stations to the part removal stations. The engine disassembly line may include an overhead track support frame, a trolley assembly, one or more height adjustable loading tables, one or more height adjustable work tables, and one or more height adjustable un-loading tables.

Abstract: Clean, safe and efficient methods, systems, and processes for utilizing thermolysis methods to processes to convert various e-waste sources into Clean Fuel Gas and Char source are disclosed. The invention processes e-waste sources, such as for example whole circuit boards, to effectively shred and/or grind the waste source, and then process using thermolysis methods to destroy and/or separate halogen and other dangerous components to provide a Clean Fuel Gas and Char source, along with the ability to recover precious metals and other valuable components from the Char.

Abstract: The gas swirling state determination system (10) determines the quality of the swirling state of gas that swirls around the central axis. The gas swirling state determination system (10) includes an imaging device (39), an information processing device (11), and a display device (42). The imaging device (39) captures swirling gas from a direction along the central axis to acquire a still image. The information processing device (11) includes a calculation unit (40), a smoothing unit (41), and a determination unit (43). The display device (42) displays a determination result.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems, apparatuses, and methods for the treatment of containerized waste, such as hazardous, radioactive and/or mixed waste. The apparatuses and methods employ a combination of thermal decomposition and specialized lances.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a nozzle structure for a hydrogen gas burner apparatus capable of reducing an amount of generated NOx. A nozzle structure for a hydrogen gas burner apparatus includes an outer tube and an inner tube concentrically disposed inside the outer tube. The inner tube is disposed so that an oxygen-containing gas is discharged from an opened end of the inner tube in an axial direction of the inner tube. The outer tube extends beyond the opened end of the inner tube in the axial direction of the inner tube so that a hydrogen gas passes through a space between an inner circumferential surface of the outer tube and an outer circumferential surface of the inner tube.

Abstract: An incinerator has a hollow main body with a front wall, a rear wall, a first side wall, a second side wall, a top wall, and a bottom wall. The front wall has a first opening and a second opening formed therein. The second opening is disposed adjacent to the bottom wall between the first opening and the bottom wall. The rear wall has at least one inlet aperture formed adjacent to the bottom wall. The first side wall and the second side wall each have at least one outlet aperture disposed adjacent to the top wall. The incinerator further has a door that is movable between an opened position, whereby waste may be disposed on a grate suspended inside of the main body, and a closed position, whereby the door may cover the first opening.

Abstract: An injection and cooling system configured to equip a plasma torch, a plasma torch equipped with the system, an installation for treatment of a liquid solution including such a plasma torch, and a method for treatment of a liquid solution by injection into a plasma generated by such a plasma torch submerged in a different liquid solution.

Abstract: A method of conveying fuel, such as bulk material, into a gasification reactor that has a lateral infeed opening can be practiced with device for conveying fuels into a gasification reactor comprising a bulk material container, a conveying pipe, into which a discharge of the bulk material container opens and which can be connected to a lateral infeed opening of the gasification reactor, and a mechanical conveying apparatus disposed in the conveying pipe, the conveying apparatus is formed by a hydraulically drivable plunger, which is movably guided in a first, cylindrical section of the conveying pipe, and in that the conveying pipe has an internal cross-section which decreases continuously in the conveying direction of the fuel in order to form a compacting cone in a second axial section that is downstream of the first section, wherein the second section is configured as an exchangeable pipe portion with another exchangeable pipe portion.

Abstract: A high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus that forces external air to a combustion chamber while burning an incineration processing material injected therein at a high temperature within a combustion chamber is provided. The apparatus includes an air-supply tube disposed at the center of the combustion chamber, a fuel supply pipe installed at an upper edge of the inside of the combustion chamber, a punching plate disposed at the bottom of the combustion chamber, a stirring rod rotatably installed at an upper surface of the punching plate using the air-supply tube as a fixing shaft, a heat recovery device disposed outside of the combustion chamber, and a circulation pipe extending from a lid of the combustion chamber to the outside that returns to a location corresponding to an upper portion of the stirring rod at a wall of the combustion chamber via the inside of the heat recovery device.

Abstract: A method for measuring a concentration of dibasic acid in a cleaning process substance is provided. The method includes sending a plurality of voltage pulses through the cleaning process substance by each a first electrode and a second electrode. Each the first electrode and the second electrode is in contact with the cleaning process substance containing a concentration of dibasic acid. The method also includes receiving current responses generated by the plurality of voltage pulses, and analyzing the current responses using a multivariate data analysis for calculation of the concentration of dibasic acid in the cleaning process substance. A dibasic acid sensor, a control unit, and an analyzing unit for performing the method, are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is a mobile evaporation, separation, and concentration unit for water with dissolved solids whereby solids may be removed by misting in a tank thereby separating solids from the wastewater and accumulating the solids for disposal.

Abstract: A coaxial material-stirring lance (40) and method used to treat molten metal in a ladle, the lance having a stirring gas chamber (48), and a plurality of gas permeable ports (50 52) arranged as upper and lower port arrays along a length of the gas chamber, and at least one material chamber (43) positioned inside and coaxial with the gas chamber and terminating in at least one material ports (60). In another embodiment, a second material chamber is included inside the gas chamber, parallel to and immediately adjacent the material chamber. In use, the coaxial material-stirring lance is lowered into the ladle of molten metal, and gas and material are both introduced into a respective chamber. Gas mixes material through the molten metal, causing impurities to be removed from the metal.

Abstract: Chemical reactors with annularly positioned delivery and removal devices, and associated systems and methods. A reactor in accordance with a particular embodiment includes a reactor vessel having a light-transmissible surface proximate to a reaction zone, and a movable reactant delivery system positioned within the reactor vessel. The reactor can further include a product removal system positioned within the reactor vessel and positioned annularly inwardly or outwardly from the delivery system. A solar concentrator is positioned to direct solar radiation through the light-transmissible surface to the reaction zone.

Abstract: A method for treatment of ash from incineration plants includes: collecting ash from an incinerator; feeding the collected ash to a vitrification reactor; vitrifying the ash in the vitrification reactor, to form a slag of molten material; allowing the slag to flow from the vitrification reactor and solidify outside the vitrification reactor; gasifying volatile components in the ash and the additional feed material; and routing flue gas generated in the vitrification reactor to a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger is connected to a heat recovery steam generator that receives exhaust from the incinerator.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a waste gas purification method, and more particularly, to a waste gas burning method of reducing CO and NOx by burning waste gases using a system for individually controlling CO and NOx. In accordance with the disclosure, there is provided a low-pollution burning method using a system for individually controlling CO and NOx including a waste gas introduction and flame injection step; a first waste gas burning step; and a second waste gas burning step.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for incinerating waste, wherein the waste is one or more of an organic waste and an inorganic waste. The apparatus includes a grinder for grinding a mixture of the waste and calcium carbonate. The ground mixture is then fed to a molten metal bath contained within a crucible. Thereafter, a heating member configured proximal to the crucible combusts the mixture of the waste and the calcium carbonate to form one or more of slag and one or more acidic gases. On combustion, the one or more acidic gases are neutralized by calcium hydroxide produced as a result of combusting the calcium carbonate. Additional metal compounds usable as fertilizers are also produced in response to reacting with the one or more acidic gases.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for gasifying/pyrolysing material containing organic matter including introducing the material into a treatment chamber (2) and heating the material by passing a flow of hot gas (30) containing less than 8% oxygen through the chamber (2) so as to cause the material therein to gasify or pyrolyse. In a first mode of operation the gas (30) is passed through the chamber (2) at a first velocity. The apparatus comprises a means (20, 21) for temporarily increasing the velocity of the hot gas (30) such that in a second mode of operation the velocity of the gas (30) exiting the means (20, 21) is temporarily increased.

Abstract: A system for producing energy and heat from biomass is disclosed. The system includes a feed system, a gasifier, a thermal fluid oil heater, and a generator based on the organic Rankine cycle (ORC). The system may also include a controller that takes input from a number of sensors and controls, among other things, the rate at which fuel is fed into the system and the speed of fans and pumps that draw the products from one apparatus into the next. In this system, the biomass is fed into the gasifier, the resulting producer gas is flared and used to heat an oil in the thermal fluid oil heater, and the hot oil is used to provide input heat for the ORC generator. Methods for controlling such a system are also disclosed.

Abstract: A thermal method for stabilizing a load of wood, in particular timber, including: a phase of treatment of the load of wood in a treatment kiln by a gaseous treatment flow; generation of a gaseous treatment flow at high temperature from a heat generator independent of the treatment kiln and recovery of the loaded gaseous flow after treatment.

Abstract: Provided is a dry distillation and gasification typed incinerator capable of saving time and fuels required for combustion aid. In a first phase when a waste material A stored in a dry distillation furnace 1 is ignited till a fire bed is formed, the dry distillation and gasification typed incinerator supplies air to the dry distillation furnace 1 through an air supply passage 13. When the waste material A is in a continuous combustion state (a second phase), the oxygen supply to the dry distillation furnace 1 is switched from the air supply by the air supply passage 13 to the concentrated oxygen supply by an oxygen supply passage 15.

Abstract: This invention provides processes and apparatus to convert biomass, including wood and agricultural residues, into low-ash biomass pellets for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. Some embodiments provide processes for producing low-ash biomass from cellulosic biomass, comprising providing an aqueous extraction solution with acetic acid; extracting the feedstock to produce an extract liquor containing soluble ash, hemicellulosic oligomers, acetic acid, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; dewatering and drying the cellulose-rich, lignin-rich solids to produce a low-ash biomass; hydrolyzing the hemicellulosic oligomers to produce hemicellulosic sugars, wherein additional acetic acid is generated; removing a vapor stream comprising vaporized acetic acid from the extract; and recycling the vapor or its condensate to provide some starting acetic acid for the extraction solution. The disclosed processes can produce clean power from biomass.

Abstract: This invention provides processes to convert biomass into energy-dense biomass for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. Some embodiments provide processes for producing energy-dense biomass from cellulosic biomass, comprising extracting the feedstock with steam and/or hot water to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; separating the extract liquor, to produce dewatered cellulose-rich solids; hydrolyzing the dewatered cellulose-rich solids, thereby removing a portion of the cellulose, to produce intermediate solids (with higher energy density) and a hydrolysate; drying the intermediate solids to produce energy-dense biomass; and optionally recovering fermentable sugars from the hydrolysate. The energy-dense biomass may be pelletized into biomass pellets, which may have a similar energy density as torrefied pellets from wood.

Abstract: A combined treatment process of domestic garbage and sewage, comprising the following steps: {circle around (1)} sorting iron out of the domestic garbage; {circle around (2)} crushing the domestic garbage in which the iron has been removed; {circle around (3)} feeding the crushed domestic garbage into a sewage treatment tank, adding water and blowing air into the sewage treatment tank, where the domestic garbage is divided into floating substances, suspended substances, and settled substances; {circle around (4)} salvaging, dehydrating and drying the floating substances and then combusting them as fuel; {circle around (5)} collecting, filtering and drying the settled substances, wherein the settled substances having a calorific value of more than 4180 kJ/kg are burnt as fuel, the burnt substances and the settled substances having a calorific value of less than 4180 kJ/kg are used to replace clay material in a cement plant or used for making bricks; {circle around (6)} adding a flocculant into the sewage in wh

Abstract: For implementing startup and priming phases of a vegetable carbon production method, an installation includes a generator of hot gases with low oxygen content, and a fan downstream which boosts the hot gases into a lower part of a reactor. The reactor includes a column of substantial height whose upper inlet, with a temperature T3 of less than 65° C., is used to continuously load and add biomass and whose lower part has a grid for support and removal of the load, an underlying injection chamber for the gases from the generator, and a mechanism for retrieving processed substances. The installation also includes, at the outlet for cold gases at temperature T3 at the top of the reactor column, a thermal post-combustion chamber for the extracted gases, a heat exchanger, a fan, a second heat exchanger, a vent and connecting pipes.

Abstract: A novel Biomass Combustion Unit apparatus purposefully designed to be uniquely fueled with Non-To-Minimally Fractionalized Biomass for the intentional production of heat for conversion to a multiplicity of useful energy forms. More particularly, said apparatus provides useful heat for: (i) Power Generation, (ii) Heating Applications, (iii) Cogeneration or Combined Heat and Power (CHP), (iv) Trigeneration or Combined Cooling, Heat, and Power (CCHP), (v) Mechanical Energy and (vi) Facilitating the production of Biofuels. Additionally, methods and systems are presented wherein the abovementioned forms of energy deploy organic and inorganic working fluids, in both Subcritical and Supercritical Power Generation Cycles, via Organic Rankine Cycle and a modified Rankine Cycles, respectively. Further, Woody Biomass Energy Crops and Biofuel components are presented as well.

Abstract: A gasifier includes a combustion zone where a gas is introduced and fuel is combusted and at least one sensor for measuring a predetermined condition in the gasifier. A grate subsystem contains the fuel and includes at least one grinding mechanism. A controller is responsive to the at least one sensor and controls the grinding mechanism by activating the grinding mechanism if the predetermined condition exists to reduce the collection of non-fuel products on the grate subsystem.

Abstract: A scrubber includes: a first body for burning toxic gas introduced into a combustion chamber, using a flame generated by a cathode electrode and an anode electrode, and auxiliary gases including hydrogen and oxygen; a second body which is connected with the first body and serves to induce complete combustion of the burned toxic gas in an in-chamber and indirectly cool the toxic gas; and an electrolysis unit serving to produce hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis and supply the produced hydrogen and oxygen as auxiliary gases to the first body. In the scrubber, a high combustion rate can be achieved even at relatively low power by a combination of high energy, obtained by the combustion of hydrogen and oxygen, with combustion heat caused by plasma, and toxic gas can be more efficiently treated by increasing treatment temperature.

Abstract: Described herein are devices and techniques for spray drying a fluid to produce a dried powder. Assemblies include a spray drying head attachable to a gas supplier and a liquid sample, such as a standard unit of blood product. The spray drying head can be adapted to provide an aerosolized flow of liquid sample exposed to a drying gas. The assembly also includes a drying chamber adapted to separate the aerosolized flow of liquid sample into a dried powder and humid air. The assembly can be disposable, provided in a sterilized kit and having simplified attachments allowing quick connect and disconnect from the gas and liquid sample. Separation of the powder from the humid air exiting the drying chamber occurs within a filtered collection bag. In some embodiments, one or more of the drying chamber and collection bag are formed form a thin-walled, collapsible material.

Abstract: A reactor (6) for pyrolysing waste, in particular rubber tires, said reactor comprising a pyrolysis space (68), an inlet port (63) and an outlet port (64) enabling a flow across the pyrolysis space (68) of a heating medium for transferring heat required for the pyrolysis, and a lower discharge port (62) for discharging solid residues of the pyrolysis. The invention is, characterized in that—it comprises a baffle means (65) made of a plate material and enabling a gravitational slipping of the solid residues towards the discharge port (62), which baffle means (65) has openings (66) allowing the flow of the heating medium and is arranged to divide the inner space of the reactor (6) to form an upper pyrolysis space (68) and a lower space and—one of the inlet and outlet ports (63, 64) is in connection with the pyrolysis space (68) and the other one with the lower space. The invention is also an apparatus comprising the above reactor (6).

Abstract: A partition divides an enclosure into an upper space and a lower space, the partition having a hole which provides essentially the only passage for gas to flow from the lower space to the upper space. A reactor tube having open ends is supported by the partition over the hole, and a grate spaced below the hole. A primary air inlet arrangement feeds air into the lower space for gasification of solid fuel on the grate, and a secondary air inlet directs a jet of air toward the inlet end of combustion tube communicating with the upper space and having an open exhaust end outside the enclosure. Product gas formed by gasification of solid fuel on the grate and passing through the reactor tube into the upper space will be drawn into the combustion tube to create a sub-atmospheric pressure in the upper space.

Abstract: A method for handling a substance from which a combustible gas volatilizes. A method for handling a substance from which a combustible gas volatilizes, in which, when such substance is handled inside an apparatus with a high degree of hermeticity, air is introduced into the apparatus and the substance is handled in a state in which the volatilized combustible gas is diluted to a concentration at which neither explosion nor fire occurs. With this method for handling a substance from which a combustible gas volatilizes, the combustible gas is diluted with air to a concentration at which neither explosion nor fire occurs, without using inactive gases such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide that have to be produced or purchased. Therefore, a substance from which a combustible gas volatilizes can be inexpensively and safely handled in operations such as mixing and storing.

Abstract: A process for combusting solid liquid or gaseous fuels in a high temperature refractory-lined reactor with the aim of generating electric power comprises mixing at least one fuel with steam. The refactory material of the reactor and the opaque gases of the reaction environment bring about high power infrared radiation which substantially instantaneously preheats the reactants on input including said reactants being intrinsically transparent to infrared radiation (N2/O2) but rendered opaque and thus absorbers of energy from infrared radiation thanks to dilution with steam. A high efficiency combustor is provided for carrying out the above-stated process.

Abstract: A cyclonic incinerator includes a cylindrical outer burn chamber having a defining wall, a central axis, a first end, a second end, and a forced air opening extending through the wall between the first end and the second end. A forced air manifold is provided which is adapted to direct forced air into the forced air opening of the outer burn chamber to create a cyclonic air flow about the central axis of the outer burn chamber. A cylindrical inner burn chamber is concentrically disposed within the outer burn chamber. The inner burn chamber has a defining wall, a first end and a second end. The first end of the inner burn chamber has an exhaust gas opening. The second end of the inner burn chamber is in communication with the outer burn chamber. A gas inlet is positioned at the first end of the outer burn chamber.

Abstract: An incinerator (20) for disposing of boil-off gas on an LNG carrier comprises a combustion section (40) wherein the boil-off gas admitted at (42) is burned in the presence of combustion air admitted at (44), producing a flame (46) and combustion products (C). Dilution air (A) is delivered into the combustion section (40) and mixed with the combustion products (C) to produce a diluted mixture (M). The combustion section (40) has an inner wall (48) and an outer wall (50) together defining a first passage (52) through which the dilution air (A) is passed before being mixed with the combustion products (C), whereby the dilution air A cools the combustion section (40). The dilution air A in the first passage (52) also provides a thermally insulting layer limiting radial heat transmission from the combustion section (40). A proportion (AP) of the dilution air is mixed directly with the combustion products (C).

Abstract: Through the addition of tertiary air and a reduction of secondary air, NOx emissions from a waste-to-energy (WTE) boiler may be reduced. The tertiary air is added to the WTE at a distance from the secondary air, in a boiler region of relatively lower temperatures. A secondary NOx reduction system, such as a selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) system using ammonia or urea, may also be added to the boiler with tertiary air to achieve desirable high levels of NOx reductions. The SNCR additives are introduced to the WTE boiler proximate to the tertiary air.

Abstract: Integrated cement production systems and methods implementing the systems are disclosed, where the integrated cement production systems include a burnable fuel supply subsystem, a cement raw material supply subsystem, a kiln subsystem and a cement clinker composition storage subsystem. The burnable fuel supply subsystem is adapted to receive one or a plurality of used and/or unused healthcare materials. The burnable fuel supply subsystem can feed the materials directly into the kiln subsystem, can convert the materials into different form and feed the different form to the kiln subsystem or feed a combination of the materials, different forms and optionally conventional fuels to the kiln subsystem.

Abstract: A fluidized bed boiler plant and a method of combusting sulfurous fuel in the fluidized bed boiler plant, a furnace of which plant is provided with a fluidized bed of particles. Sulfurous fuel, CaCO3-containing sulphur-binding agent and combusting air are introduced to the bed of particles, whereby fuel burns and generates flue gases and the sulphur-binding agent calcinates to CaO and binds SO2 generated in the combustion. Energy is recovered to a heat exchange medium circulating in heat exchange tubes of a condensing heat exchanger arranged in a flue gas channel, and a water solution of acid condensing on outer surfaces is neutralized by mixing it in a mixing vessel to a CaO-containing ash from a plant, preferably, fly ash collected by a dust separator.

Abstract: A fluorine insolubilizer capable of sufficiently insolubilizing fluorine within a short time contains calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate in an amount of 95-40 mass % and hydroxy or hydroxyl apatite in an amount of 5-60 mass % for a total of 100 mass %.

Abstract: Pyrolyzing gasification system and method of use including primary combustion of non-uniform solid fuels such as biomass and solid wastes within a refractory lined gasifier, secondary combustion of primary combustion gas within a staged, cyclonic, refractory lined oxidizer, and heat energy recovery from the oxidized flue gas within an indirect air-to-air all-ceramic heat exchanger or external combustion engine. Primary combustion occurs at low substoichoimetric air percentages of 10-30 percent and at temperatures below 1000 degrees F. Secondary combustion is staged and controlled for low NOx formation and prevention of formation of CO, hydrocarbons, and VOCs. The gasifier includes a furnace bed segmented into individual cells, each cell is independently monitored using a ramp temperature probe, and provided with controlled air injection. Gasifier air injection includes tuyere arrays, lances, or both.

Abstract: A gasifier for disposing of biomass and other waste materials through a gasification and combustion process. The gasifier includes a primary chamber for receiving and holding biomass or a selected waste product. A heat transfer chamber is disposed adjacent the primary chamber. A burner is associated with the gasifier for generating heat and heating the gasifier during various phases or portions of the gasification and combustion process. In the gasification process, the heat transfer chamber is heated and the heat is transferred to the primary chamber where the biomass is heated. During the gasification process, biomass material is volatized generating fumes and gases that later react and release heat through exothermic reactions. Once the gasification process has been concluded, the process enters a combustion phase where the biomass is actually burned. During the gasification-combustion phases, the amount of heat supplied by the burner will vary.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge, comprising a processing chamber (2) for processing said material at an elevated temperature to produce syngas and a combustion chamber (4) having at least one burner therein for combusting syngas released by processing of said material. A conduit means (18) is provided between said combustion chamber and said processing chamber for carrying hot exhaust gasses from the combustion chamber (4) to said processing chamber (2) and at last one mirror (24) is arranged to reflect and concentrate sunlight thereby to cause the temperature within said processing chamber (2) to be raised. The apparatus also includes a syngas reservoir (66). A storage conduit (62) is provided for carrying syngas into said syngas reservoir (66) and a syngas feed line (68) is provided for feeding syngas from said reservoir to said combustion chamber (4).

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for recycling waste tires, which are industrial wastes, so as to protect our environment against pollution and promote recycling of industrial material.

Abstract: Described is an integrated process of cogasifying an engineered fuel, formulated to be suitable for working under reducing environment, with coal and cofiring another engineered fuel, formulated to be suitable for working under oxidizing environment, with coal to produce electric power.

Abstract: Waste is treated by pyrolysis at a temperature of from 400-700° C. and combustion at a temperature of at least 400° C. Off-gases are catalytically oxidized to reduce emissions. The combusting waste is periodically agitated with high-pressure air bursts to disrupt waste in the chamber and promote even and complete combustion. Air is introduced during pyrolysis to promote controlled flow of off-gas to the catalyst and air and/or water is used to dislodge accumulated ash at the end of the treatment process.

Abstract: A method for producing carbon nanostructures according to the invention includes injecting acetylene gas into a reactant liquid. The injected acetylene molecules are then maintained in contact with the reactant liquid for a period of time sufficient to break the carbon-hydrogen bonds in at least some of the acetylene molecules, and place the liberated carbon ions in an excited state. The liberated carbon ions in the excited state then traverse a surface of the reactant liquid and enter a collection area where carbon ions combine to produce carbon nanostructures.

Abstract: The present invention provides a burner which uses solid fuels, especially waste plastic fuels. Burner size is minimized by having multiple combustion chambers concentrically located around a rotating screw conveyor. Heat efficiency is improved by having air passages disposed around the combustion chambers, thus preheating air for the combustion prior to its delivery to the combustion chambers, while simultaneously thermally insulating the combustion chambers against the environment. Waste plastic is transported from a fuel hopper to the combustion chambers by a rotating screw conveyor having the spiraling auger blades. Speed of screw conveyor rotation controls the consumption of waste plastic and, thus, the amount of thermal energy generated in the burner.

Abstract: This invention relates to a boiler (1) drying, igniting and combusting refuse and producing steam (2, 2a) by heat exchange with flue gases (3), said boiler defining a main flow direction (5) of gases, said boiler (1) comprising a separator element (4) and an end superheater (8), the separator element (4) being adapted for separating said flue gases (3) into streams of a less-corrosive gas flow (6) and a corrosive gas flow (7), said separator element (4) being located substantially in and along said main flow direction (5), said end superheater (8) being located in proximity to said separator element (4) and in the flow (6) of said less-corrosive gas. Said separator element (4) comprises a plate (4a) or a wall (4b), which in a number of said separator elements (4) forms a channel as another separator element. This provides for an increased lifetime of said superheater and makes the boiler provide a high and efficient electrical power output.

Abstract: A gasification system is disclosed having a combustion or reaction vessel, a scrubber housing, and a filter housing. A carbonaceous fuel is partially combusted in the reaction vessel to generate a combustible gas. An improved ash support and removal system reduces clogging and other problems in the reaction vessel. The combustible gas passes through the scrubber housing to remove matter such as tar and oil, and the scrubbed gas passes through a hybrid blower to the filter housing. Wood chips are used in the filter housing to provide a relatively clean, dry gas. Wastewater and other waste products from the scrubber housing and filter housing are captured and returned to the reaction vessel.

Abstract: Provided are a continuous drying apparatus and method. The apparatus includes a combustion chamber, a heat exchange chamber, a filter, a mixing chamber, and a drying chamber. Biomass to be dried is loaded into an upper end of the drying chamber and falls on a rotating plate at a bottom of the drying chamber. Heated gas from the combustion chamber is mixed with recycled gas output from the drying chamber, and with recycled gas output from the heat exchange chamber, is filtered and is directed to the mixing chamber. Gas circulates within the mixing chamber and is directed into a lower end of the drying chamber at a drying temperature. The biomass loaded into the drying chamber is dried by the gas, and is extracted off the rotating plate.

Abstract: Apparatus for pet waste disposal including a portable waste collection receptacle disposed on a handle. A heat source is mounted together with the waste collection receptacle, capable of incinerating waste disposed in the waste collection receptacle.