Abstract: A bladder-type pressure tank includes an outer shell, a bladder, a nozzle, and an elbow pipe. The outer shell includes a liner and a glass-fiber layer covering the outer surface of the liner. The liner includes polyethylene (PE). The liner further includes a chamber, a first opening, and a second opening. The bladder is disposed in the chamber. In an inflated state of the bladder, a gap is formed between the inflated bladder and the inner surface of the liner. The bladder includes polyurethane (PU). The nozzle is integrated with the bladder, and is disposed in the first opening and seals the first opening. The elbow pipe includes a first end and a second end. The first end of the elbow pipe is disposed in the second opening and communicates with the chamber; and the second end of the elbow pipe is configured to connect to a pipeline.

Abstract: An apparatus for use with a Coriolis meter is provided. The apparatus includes an array of strain-based sensors, a filtering module, and a processing unit. The sensor array is configured for sensing a meter flow tube. The array is configured for mounting on the flow tube. The sensors are configured to produce sensor signals representative of strain within the flow tube. The processing unit controls the sensor array to produce the sensor signals representative of the strain within the flow tube. The strain includes a first portion associated with the flow tube vibrating at a resonant frequency of the flow tube and a second portion associated with a fluid flow passing through the flow tube. The filtering module filters the sensor signals to remove a sensor signal portion representative of the strain associated with the flow tube vibrating at the resonant frequency of the flow tube.

Abstract: A pulsation dampener includes a body having an internal cavity and an opening providing fluid communication between the internal cavity and a fluid flow external to the body. A flexible diaphragm fitted with the diaphragm radial compression ring is held within the internal cavity, allowing for improved seal ability and enhanced service life of the diaphragm at allowing at least some fluid from the external fluid flow to enter the internal cavity through the opening based on a pressure of the external fluid flow, the flexible diaphragm or elements in contact with the fluid from the external fluid flow that has entered the internal cavity.

Abstract: A three-dimensional monolithic diaphragm tank including a first portion having a first inner surface, a second portion having a second inner surface, and a deformable diaphragm extending from a peripheral junction with the first inner surface and the second inner surface. The first inner surface and the diaphragm defining a first chamber. The second inner surface and the diaphragm defining a second chamber. The first portion having an outlet port in fluid communication with the first chamber, and the second portion having an inlet port in fluid communication with the second chamber. The peripheral junction of the diaphragm and the first inner surface including an integral inner fillet having an inner radius.

Abstract: A damper including inner and outer tubes is provided. A piston is slidably disposed within the inner tube. An intermediate tube is positioned radially between the inner and outer tubes. The intermediate tube extends between first and second intermediate tube ends. An intermediate channel is disposed radially between the intermediate and inner tubes. A slanted elliptical seal is positioned inside the intermediate channel and divides the intermediate channel into first and second intermediate channel portions. A first control valve is in fluid communication with the second intermediate channel portion via a first intermediate tube opening. A second control valve is in fluid communication with the first intermediate channel portion via a second intermediate tube opening. The slanted elliptical seal abuts the intermediate tube between the first intermediate tube opening and the first intermediate tube end and between the second intermediate tube opening and the second intermediate tube end.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for determining a plan to optimize key performance indicators (KPIs) of an industrial process. Such a plan is determined based on generating a query for information associated with the KPIs and based on receiving user-provided object information corresponding to the KPIs. The method includes receiving, at a user interface, one or more KPIs associated with an industrial process. The method includes generating, based on the one or more KPIs, at least one query for information associated with the KPI. The method includes receiving, at the user interface, a response to the at least one query. The method includes determining, by an artificial intelligence agent, a plan for optimizing the KPI.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of controlling an electronic stability control (ESC) integrated braking system, which includes, when a failure in which pressure is unable to be formed in a master cylinder unit is detected during braking of a vehicle by the ESC integrated braking system, maintaining, by a controller, a braking force applied during the braking by closing designated oil pressure relief valves for coupling the master cylinder unit and a flow channel of a circuit, and when pressure (PC1) of a pedal cylinder becomes equal to or greater than pressure (MC1) of the circuit based on the maintained braking force, by a brake pedal stepped on by a driver, controlling, by the controller, the designated oil pressure relief valves to be in an open state and then switching the state of the designated oil pressure relief valves to a mechanical backup state.

Abstract: A turbine includes: a rotatable impeller with a hub provided with a plurality of rotor blades; and a tubular member in which a diffuser located downstream of the impeller is formed. On an inner surface of the tubular member, a plurality of projections projecting radially inward of the tubular member are formed at positions closer to an inlet end of the tubular member than an outlet end of the tubular member. The plurality of projections are arranged in a circumferential direction of the inner surface so as to leave a space between adjacent projections.

Abstract: A disposable dual-action reciprocating pump part includes a piston and a cylinder, and multiple silicone O-rings. The piston is configured to move bi-directionally inside the cylinder. The multiple silicone O-rings are configured to seal the piston against the cylinder.

Abstract: Various liquid dispensers are disclosed. Certain embodiments include a portable liquid dispenser configured for consumer use in dispensing soap, sanitizer, or ingestible liquids. The dispenser can comprise a housing, a reservoir having an interior configured to store a liquid, a fluid pathway having an opening in fluid communication with the interior of the reservoir, a pump comprising a plurality of rollers, each of the plurality of rollers being configured to contact a portion of the fluid pathway in a flexible tube such that each of the plurality of rollers compresses a portion of the flexible tube that is in contact with the roller, a nozzle, a fluid damper in communication with the pump and the nozzle, an electronic control unit in electrical communication with the pump, and a rotation-tracking feedback system in electrical communication with the electronic control unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic device for a hydraulic system (12). The hydraulic device includes a chamber arrangement including at least one high-pressure chamber for connection to a high-pressure side of the hydraulic system, and at least one low-pressure chamber for connection to a low-pressure side of the hydraulic system; and a movable member arranged to reciprocate at least partly inside the chamber arrangement in response to pressure variations within the at least one high-pressure chamber and within the at least one low-pressure chamber. The chamber arrangement further includes at least one tank chamber for connection to a tank-pressure side of the hydraulic system.

Abstract: An accumulator designed to damp the pressure waves of the hydraulic shocks originating in a downstream section of a duct is arranged inside the duct, with the opening of the accumulator pointing downstream. This results in excellent absorption of the pressure wave and protection of the circuit from possible accumulations of air, water or ice, there being no areas where the flow stagnates. Immersing the accumulator in the flow also makes it possible to ensure that the equipment is protected in the event of a fire.

Abstract: An annular tube (or other shape) of elastomeric cellular material comprising elastomeric closed cells having gas infused therein is supported by structures protruding from the bottom surface of a suction stabilizer's head and/or by structures within the interior volume of the annular body of the suction stabilizer, preferably with spacing between the outer diameter of the annular tube of the cellular material and the inner walls of the suction stabilizer body. The gas-infused closed cell material may thus be employed in new suction stabilizer or pulsation dampener or to retrofit existing suction stabilizers or pulsation dampeners designed for a gas-filled bladder.

Abstract: A stoke simulator operable by an operation of a brake operation member that is operated by a driver, including: a housing: a movable member held by the housing so as to be movable relative to the housing, the movable member being connected to the brake operation member; a volume change chamber disposed forward of the movable member in the housing; and a plurality of elastic members disposed in the volume change chamber and capable of generating an elastic force in accordance with a movement of the movable member, at least one of the plurality of elastic members being a rubber-like member.

Abstract: A fluid handling assembly comprising a cavity in which water may become trapped due to use of the assembly, and a membrane disposed in the cavity. The membrane divides the cavity into a first sub-cavity on a first side of the membrane that is configured to collect any water trapped in the cavity and a second sub-cavity on a second, opposite side of the membrane. The membrane is configured to change shape such that the first sub-cavity increases in volume and the second sub-cavity decreases in volume in response to being subjected to water freezing conditions. The increase in volume accommodates an increase in volume of any water that may be trapped in the first sub-cavity when it freezes to ice.

Abstract: An annular tube (or other shape) of elastomeric cellular material comprising elastomeric closed cells having gas infused therein is supported by structures protruding from the bottom surface of a suction stabilizer's head and/or by structures within the interior volume of the annular body of the suction stabilizer, preferably with spacing between the outer diameter of the annular tube of the cellular material and the inner walls of the suction stabilizer body. The gas-infused closed cell material may thus be employed in new suction stabilizer or pulsation dampener or to retrofit existing suction stabilizers or pulsation dampeners designed for a gas-filled bladder.

Abstract: Described is a flow control device comprising a body locatable with a tubular and a flow regulator, housed within the body. The flow regulator defines a flow path through the body to accommodate flow between internal and external locations of a tubular in use. The flow regulator comprises a valve arrangement forming part of the flow path, and a biasing mechanism configured to urge the valve arrangement towards an open configuration from a restricted configuration in which fluid flow though the flow path is restricted. The biasing mechanism and the flow path through the flow control device are configured such that a differential pressure acting across the flow regulator, in excess of a particular threshold, moves the valve arrangement from the open configuration towards the restricted configuration in order to limit flow through the flow control device.

Abstract: A sound attenuator has an inner pipe (12) with expansion sections (121) of enlarged diameter corresponding to the constriction sections (141) of an outer pipe (14). The expansion sections (121) in pairs axially delimit an intermediate inner pipe section (122) containing a wall opening (18) and having a reduced diameter relative to the expansion sections (121). The inner surface of the outer pipe (14) in each of its constriction sections (141) is connected to the outer surface of the inner pipe (12) in its respective corresponding expansion section (121). A method of manufacturing such a sound attenuator (10) also is provided and uses internal high-pressure forming.

Abstract: A hydraulic pressure amplifier arrangement (1) comprising a supply port (IN), a return port (R), a high pressure port (H1), and a pressure amplifier unit (2) having a low pressure inlet (3) connected to the supply port (IN) and a high pressure outlet (4) connected to the high pressure port (H1) is described, wherein the pressure amplifier unit (2) comprises an amplification factor. In such a hydraulic pressure amplifier arrangement it should be possible to allow simply releasing off pressure at the high pressure port while keeping small unnecessary energy consumption. To this end a control valve (8) is arranged in a connection between the high pressure port (H1) and the return port (R).

Abstract: The present invention discloses an expansion tank comprises an upper barrel, a plastic lining and a leak-proof padding located in the upper barrel. The plastic lining has a first groove facing the upper barrel and a top surface located around the first groove. The first groove is covered by the upper barrel; the top surface abuts on the upper barrel, and the leak-proof padding is stuffed in the first groove of the plastic lining.

Abstract: A fluid delivery system including at least a housing for a charge-free pulsation dampener of a type utilizing elastomeric compression material, but without the compression material therein, includes a system pulsation dampener. The fluid delivery system includes a fluid reservoir, a fluid pump, a manifold, a pulsation dampener, and piping. The fluid reservoir stores a fluid used for a drilling procedure. The fluid pump pumps the fluid from the fluid reservoir through the fluid delivery system. The manifold is located downstream from the fluid pump, and receives and combines fluids from the at least one fluid pump. The pulsation dampener receives the combined fluid from the manifold, and dampens residual pulsations from the manifold. The piping receives fluid output from the pulsation dampener, and transfers the fluid received from the pulsation dampener further downstream.

Abstract: The present invention provides lightweight high-pressure accumulators that avoids diaphragm failure observed in conventional diaphragm accumulators. Lightweight high-pressure composite overwrapped accumulators of the invention are made from a plurality of hollow casings that are mated to form an accumulator housing. The accumulator housing is overwrapped with a composite material to provide additional mechanical strength and structural integrity. More significantly, the accumulators of the invention includes a plurality of annular grooves and a plurality of bulb on the flexible diaphragm such that the plurality of bulbs on the flexible diaphragm are placed in the plurality of annular grooves that are formed between the first and the second hollow casing. In this manner, diaphragm failure is significantly reduced or even completely eliminated during repeated high pressure charge/discharge cycle of the accumulator.

Abstract: A component, which can be in the form of a fuel line or fuel distributor, is used for a fuel injection system, which is used for injecting fuel or a mixture of fuel and water having a variable water content. The component has a main body on which is provided a high-pressure inlet and at least one high-pressure outlet, the fuel, respectively the mixture being passable from the high-pressure inlet through an inner space of the main body to the least one high-pressure outlet, and an insertion member being configured in the inner space. The insertion member is at least partially made of at least a material having a modulus of compression specified to at least substantially correspond to or be lower than that of the fuel, respectively the mixture and/or lower than 30 GPa.

Abstract: An apparatus for coupling to a fluid delivery system and for receiving a fluid into the apparatus; a portion of the apparatus permitting a change in shape or size to accommodate the fluid volume or pressure received therein. The apparatus including a housing with a cavity, an expandable reservoir with an opening and a passage, and a cap; the expandable reservoir positioned within the cavity and coupled to a fluid source. The expandable reservoir includes an unrestrained orientation when a fluid volume or pressure therein is below a threshold, and an expanded orientation, when the fluid volume or pressure therein is above the threshold; the expandable reservoir moving toward the expanded orientation to accommodate a fluid volume or pressure received through an opening, and the expandable reservoir moving toward the unrestrained orientation to direct a fluid volume or pressure through an opening.

Abstract: A brake system damping device includes a first chamber to which hydraulic pressure is applied, a second chamber in which a compressible medium is located, a first separating element separating the first chamber from the second chamber, a third chamber in which a compressible medium is located, and a second separating element separating the second chamber from the third chamber. The second chamber is connected to the third chamber in a medium-conducting manner by an outlet formed in the second separating element, and a closing element by means of which the outlet can be closed in a movement direction as soon as the hydraulic pressure in the first chamber has reached a predefined pressure value. The outlet is formed on its side facing the second chamber with at least one outlet opening, the cross-sectional area of which is oriented substantially in the movement direction of the closing element.

Abstract: A nested gas charged cartridge for insertion in a cylinder to reduce pulsations in a fluid pumping system includes a first gas cartridge and a second gas cartridge, and optionally a third gas cartridge. Each of the first, second, and third gas cartridges independently and cumulatively reduce pulsations entering the cylinder. A diameter of the third gas cartridge is less than a diameter of the second gas cartridge, which both are less than a diameter of a first gas cartridge.

Abstract: A brake-system damping device includes a first chamber, to which hydraulic pressure is to be applied, a second chamber, in which there is a compressible medium, and a first separating element for separating the first chamber from the second chamber. The brake-system damping device includes a third chamber, in which there is a compressible medium, and a second separating element for separating the second chamber from the third chamber. The second chamber is connected, for medium conduction, to the third chamber by means of a passage formed in the second separating element. A closure element is to be moved with the first separating element, by means of which closure element the passage is to be closed as soon as the hydraulic pressure has reached predefined pressure value in the first chamber.

Abstract: An accumulator includes a housing, a flexible bladder and a support. The housing includes a chamber having a defined volume and a passage extending through the housing. The flexible bladder is positioned within the chamber and contains a compressible gas. The bladder being operable in an expanded condition and a partially collapsed condition. The support is positioned in the chamber and engages the flexible bladder when the flexible bladder is in the expanded condition. Liquid is positioned in the chamber and in contact with the flexible bladder. A volume of the liquid within the chamber is at a minimum when the flexible bladder is in the expanded condition. The volume of liquid within the chamber increases as a pressure of the liquid increases to compress the gas and operate the flexible bladder in the partially collapsed condition.

Abstract: A pressure accumulator includes an accumulator housing having first and second ports for receiving first and second pressure mediums, respectively, a movable separating element subdividing an interior of the accumulator housing into at least first and second working spaces, the first working space accommodating the first pressure medium and the second working space accommodating the second pressure medium, wherein the first port is in fluid communication with the first working space and the second port in fluid communication with the second working space. At least one sensor is operatively coupled to the first working space for measuring at least one characteristic of the first working space, and a gas generator is operative to generate a gas from ambient air, the gas generator including an outlet for outputting the generated gas, the outlet in fluid communication with the first port.

Abstract: There is provided a damper unit that allows a plurality of damper bodies to be installed by simple work. The damper unit includes at least two damper bodies that are installed in a housing space so as to be stacked and include hermetically sealed spaces therein. The damper unit further an elastic member 7 that is disposed between the damper bodies, and a stopper that is installed across outer peripheral edge portions of the damper bodies positioned at both ends.

Abstract: There is provided a damper device that can be held in a housing space with simple work. A damper device, which is disposed and used in a housing space formed in a device unit, includes: a damper body that is filled with gas and includes a diaphragm provided with a deformable-action portion formed at a central portion thereof; and an annular clip that holds an outer peripheral edge portion of the damper body and causes a biasing force to act on an inner wall of a cover member, which forms the housing space, in a radial direction.

Abstract: A damper device includes at least a diaphragm, an opposite member that faces the diaphragm and is connected to the diaphragm in a hermetically sealed state over a circumferential direction, and a deformation-suppressing member that is disposed in a hermetically sealed space defined by the diaphragm and the opposite member. The deformation-suppressing member includes a central portion that includes a concave surface of which a depth is increased toward a center in a radial direction thereof, and protruding portions that are provided closer to an outer peripheral side than the central portion.

Abstract: A working station for a packaging machine, wherein the working station has a lifting unit having a pressure source and a lifting actuator connected to the pressure source. The lifting actuator comprises a hose comprising a wall having an inner surface and an outer surface disposed opposite the inner surface, and a seal having a seal cap engaging the outer surface. The seal further comprises an insert engaging the inner surface. Furthermore, the seal clamps a clamping portion of the wall of the hose between the insert and the seal cap in a fluidtight, preferably gastight, manner.

Abstract: A damper device arranged in a housing space formed between a device main body and a cover member includes a pair of damper bodies each having a plate and a diaphragm and having an enclosed space sealed with gas. A biasing device is provided between the pair of damper bodies arranged facing each other and configured to bias the damper bodies from one side of the device main body and the cover member to the other side of the device main body and the cover member, stay members each extending from an outer peripheral edge portion of each of the damper bodies and brought into contact with other side, and a frame member arranged on one side of the device main body and the cover member and having a stopper portion configured to restrict movement of the damper bodies in the direction of the other side.

Abstract: A fluid tank includes polymeric liner comprising an upper wall and a lower wall. The upper wall and the lower wall define a cavity therebetween. A weld joint joins the upper and lower walls together. A method for assembling a fluid tank includes overlapping surfaces of an upper wall and a lower wall to form a liner defining a cavity. The method includes joining the surface of the upper wall and the surface of the lower wall together by welding to form a weld joint between the upper wall and the lower wall. The method can include cooling the weld joint to control warpage of the liner at the weld joint.

Abstract: A device for arresting a shock wave in a fluid in a pipe assembly. The device includes a base, body, and piston. The base has a connector portion with a first opening into an interior. The connector portion is configured to be coupled to the pipe assembly and allow the fluid to flow into the interior through the first opening. The body has an open end opposite a closed end and a channel that extends from the open end into the closed end. The open end is positioned inside a second opening into the interior of the base. Together the base and body form a housing in which the piston is positioned. The piston is slidable within the housing from a resting position to a compressing position when the shock wave travels through the pipe assembly. The piston compresses a gas inside the housing when in the compressing position.

Abstract: A pulsation dampener for a dispensing system comprising a housing, a diaphragm comprising at least one fluoropolymer layer, the diaphragm dividing the housing into a first compartment and a second compartment, an inlet port and an outlet port each in fluid communication with the first compartment thereby providing a flow path for a liquid to enter the first compartment via the first inlet port and exit the first compartment via the outlet port, and at least one gas disposed within the second compartment, the at least one gas having a kinetic diameter of 0.36 nm or greater, wherein the fluoropolymer of the at least one fluoropolymer layer and the at least one gas are selected such that a gas transmittance rate of the at least one gas through the diaphragm is from 0 mbar*L/second to 1*10?5 mbar*L/second.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are robust disposable alternating tangential flow (ATF) housing and diaphragm pump units and associated methods of manufacturing, testing, wetting, and using the same.

Abstract: A diaphragm accumulator provided with a flexible diaphragm inside an accumulator housing has a stress relaxing member having a contact surface which the diaphragm deformed by a pressure fluctuation inside the accumulator housing contacts and regulating the deformed attitude of the diaphragm by the contact surface on the inner surface. When the diaphragm is deformed by the pressure fluctuation inside the accumulator housing, the stress relaxing member regulates the deformed attitude of the diaphragm to reduce a stress generated in the diaphragm.

Abstract: A dampening valve unit, for use in a liquid distribution system is disclosed. A feeding conduit is evacuated of liquid after an associated tap unit is closed and refilled with liquid after the tap unit is opened. The dampening valve unit comprises a dampening chamber, connectable to said feeding conduit, and a liquid stop valve unit, connectable at an inlet end thereof, to said associated feeding conduit and which has an outlet end being connectable to said associated liquid tap unit. Said dampening chamber is adapted to collect gas and is connectable to said associated feeding conduit via a passage. The passage is directly connected, without any restrictions therebetween, also to a liquid stop valve at said inlet end. The passage is always open at the dampening chamber for fluid connection between the passage and the dampening chamber.

Abstract: A gas charged cartridge for use with a cylinder to form a pulsation control dampener is provided. The cylinder receives a fluid for the pulsation control dampener. The gas charged cylinder can include a head, a plug, an elastomer composite, and a perforated retaining sleeve. The head is located on a first end of the gas charged cartridge. The plug is located on a second end of the gas charged cartridge. The elastomer composite connects the head to the plug. The perforated retaining sleeve is affixed to the plug surrounding the elastomer composite.

Abstract: A gas charged cartridge for use with a cylinder to form a pulsation control dampener is provided. The cylinder receives a fluid for the pulsation control dampener. The gas charged cylinder can include a head, a plug, an elastomer composite, and a perforated retaining sleeve. The head is located on a first end of the gas charged cartridge. The plug is located on a second end of the gas charged cartridge. The elastomer composite connects the head to the plug. The perforated retaining sleeve is affixed to the plug surrounding the elastomer composite.

Abstract: A pulsation dampener to dampen pulsations in a fluid may include a dampener body to dampen the fluid; an channel flange section connected to the dampener body for the fluid to enter the dampener body.

Abstract: The present invention includes an electrochemical actuator pump and method of making the same, comprising a membrane electrode assembly comprising an ion exchange membrane, a first and a second catalyzed porous electrode in contact with opposing sides of the ion exchange membrane; a first gas chamber in fluid communication with the first electrode, and a second gas chamber in fluid communication with the second electrode; and a controller for controllably reversing the polarity of a voltage source electrically coupled to the first and second electrodes, wherein the controller causes a first polarity at the first electrode to function as an anode and the second electrode to function as a cathode, wherein the first polarity simultaneously decreases the hydrogen gas pressure in the first hydrogen gas chamber and increases the hydrogen gas pressure in the second hydrogen gas chamber, with additional embodiment using MOF or Ni—H batteries.

Abstract: A method for the combined pump water pressure-compressed air energy storage at a constant turbine water pressure, the energy to be stored is used to pump a liquid medium into a pressure vessel such that a rising level of medium compresses the gas contained in the pressure vessel through a connecting conduit and presses said gas into a compressed gas tank, the conduit being shut using a check valve such that the energy is stored in the compressed gas.

Abstract: A three-dimensional monolithic diaphragm tank including a first portion having a first inner surface, a second portion having a second inner surface, and a deformable diaphragm extending from a peripheral junction with the first inner surface and the second inner surface. The first inner surface and the diaphragm defining a first chamber. The second inner surface and the diaphragm defining a second chamber. The first portion having an outlet port in fluid communication with the first chamber, and the second portion having an inlet port in fluid communication with the second chamber. The peripheral junction of the diaphragm and the first inner surface including an integral inner fillet having an inner radius.

Abstract: A pressure compensation and mixing device for a fluid heater has a mixing unit and a pressure compensation unit. The mixing unit is configured to mix a fluid guided in the mixing unit. The pressure compensation unit is configured to restrict pressure rising in the fluid. The mixing unit and the pressure compensation unit are integrated in a container unit. A bottom side of the container unit is closed by a bottom portion on which at least one connection is located via which the fluid may be discharged.

Abstract: The invention provides an autonomous subsea barrier fluid system for a subsea pressure booster, the subsea pressure booster comprising a process fluid compartment, a motor compartment and a rotor assembly extending from the motor compartment into the process fluid compartment with one or several shaft seals separating the process fluid from the barrier fluid in the motor compartment. The subsea barrier fluid system is distinguished in that it comprises: a subsea barrier fluid pump, a barrier fluid delivery line, arranged between the barrier fluid pump and the motor compartment, a pressure controlled regulator, operatively arranged to at least one of the barrier fluid delivery line and the subsea barrier fluid pump, a subsea barrier fluid storage, and a barrier fluid suction line arranged from the subsea barrier fluid storage to the subsea barrier fluid pump.

Abstract: An enclosed volume is provided for performing operations in space, or on any astronomical object, in a manner separated from aspects of the external environment. The enclosed volume can be a flexible container for a satellite. The enclosed volume can include a membrane having a fluid barrier layer and being configured to contain a propellant gas or fluid; and an expulsion device configured to expel material from the membrane. In a stowed configuration, the flexible container is contained within the satellite, and in a deployed configuration, the flexible container extends away from the satellite. The flexible container can inflate from one shape, in the undeployed configuration, to another shape, in a deployed configuration. The other shape can be toroidal or other appropriate shapes. The flexible container can provide bipropellant, blowdown, and gas/fluid metering functionality. Entertainment and game play can be enabled by the enclosed volume involving robots and other devices.

Abstract: A device for collecting air into an air collecting pipe through a hole having a certain size includes a diaphragm check valve having elasticity. The diaphragm check valve is opened due to a change in the pressure in the vicinity of an air layer during generation of air when gas accumulation occurs in a safety related system pipe of a power plant or in a general pipe.