Abstract: Electrode materials and binder materials are used for lithium cells, such as lithium ion cells. To optimize the specific power [W/kg] or power density [W/l] and specific energy [Wh/kg] or energy density [Wh/l], at least one electrically conducting, polymeric binder is used which is selected from the group consisting of polyphenylenes, polypyrroles, polyanilines, polythiophenes and lithium salts thereof. The at least one electrically conducting, polymeric binder is used in a lithium cell.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to perforating systems for perforating the casing of a wellbore. The perforating systems contain insensitive high explosives. The disclosure also relates to shaped charges containing insensitive high explosives for use in such perforating systems. The disclosure further relates to methods of using such perforating systems to perforate the casing of a wellbore.

Abstract: Employing non-energetic MCPs as hosts (fuel) for the adsorption of oxidant molecules enables the intimate and molecular scale mixing of fuel and oxidizer on a level that is not commonly achievable in traditional energetic mixtures. The adsorption of the oxidants into MOF-5 resulted in increased heat released upon decomposition, which shows potential for utilization of this method as a platform to develop high-performance primary energetic materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to ignition sets comprising initial explosive substances selected from the group consisting of compounds, in particular compounds of lead, which are derived from trinitropolyphenols, such as trinitrophenol, trinitroresorcinol or hydrazoic acid, for example, in mixture with oxygen-generating substances, wherein further included are initial explosive substances made of alkali metal and/or alkaline-earth metal salts of dinitrobenzofuroxanes and oxygen-generating substances made from nitrates of ammonium, guanidine, aminoguanidine, triaminoguanidine, dicyanodiamidine and from the elements of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, cerium and/or from multivalent metal oxides.

Abstract: A desensitizing agent and method which desensitizes triacetone triperoxide (TATP). The agent includes a common polymer dissolved in a volatile solvent, which allows for direct, rapid application on-site, providing for safer movement and transport of the explosive. Drop heights in impact test results of treated TATP were twice that of neat TATP or TATP treated with conventional agents. The agent is composed of non-toxic, inexpensive components with the polymer delivered in a solvent vehicle, which quickly volatilizes after application and exhibits compatibility with TATP and conventional explosives.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the washing and processing of biological fluid/biological cells are disclosed. The systems and methods utilize a disposable fluid circuit including a spinning membrane separation device to wash the biological cells.

Abstract: A spherical morphology of the high explosive tetranitroglycoluril (TNGU) has been discovered. This new morphology exhibits approximately a twofold improvement in the response of the material to impact, more than a one and a half fold improvement in friction and the same high resistance to electrostatic discharge over non-spherical TNGU produced by other methods.

Abstract: A primer for small arms ammunition including a primary explosive and an oxidizer system containing bismuth oxide is provided. A method of forming the primer and a small arms ammunition cartridge also is provided. The oxidizer system can be non-hygroscopic and non-toxic. The primer can include reducing agents or fuels, sensitizers, binders and gas producing agents.

Abstract: A method for the retraction of an explosive component from a high explosive, including the steps of loading a high explosive containing an explosive component into an striping down vessel; supplying a supercritical fluid to the striping down vessel; contacting the high explosive with the supercritical fluid at a temperature below the melting point of the explosive component and at a pressure sufficient to strip down the explosive component; and inducing a sonicating process on the striping down vessel simultaneously at a frequency of 2 MHz to 10 MHz.

Abstract: Insensitive munition-type explosive material and methods for forming insensitive munition-type explosive material are provided. In an exemplary embodiment, an insensitive munition-type explosive material comprises a particle of BNCP and a surfactant-comprising shell that encapsulates the particle of BNCP.

Abstract: A method of forming a gas generating composition containing a salt of dinitrosalicylic acid and ammonium nitrate or phase stabilized ammonium nitrate. The method involves the co-precipitation of a salt of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid with phase stabilized ammonium nitrate. A gas generating composition 12 is also presented along with a gas generator 10 containing the gas generating composition 12. The gas generator 10 may be contained within a gas generating system 200 such as an airbag inflator 10 or seat belt assembly 150, or more broadly within a vehicle occupant protection system 180.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of deactivating an explosive composition in order to render the composition safe. The present invention also relates to a cartridge that contains an explosive composition and that is adapted to achieve deactivation of the explosive composition in the event that it is not detonated as intended during use.

Abstract: Substituted tetraazapentalenes have two benzenoid rings and eight substitutable positions. Substitutions are made of hydrogen or C—H groups in favor of amino groups, nitro groups or nitrogen atoms. The tetraazapentalenes are synthesized through an intermediate azo, which is made from a 1:1:1 molar ratio of a nitroaniline, sodium nitrite and an amine.

Abstract: Detecting a nitroaromatic explosive via an exothermic chemical reaction of the nitroaromatic explosive with a polyamine or polyamine functional group is accomplished by depositing a polyamine or polyamine-functionalized coating on a microelectrode array and a semiconductor substrate, introducing a nitroaromatic explosive to an exposed surface of the polyamine or polyamine-functionalized coating, and measuring changes in electrical properties of the polyamine or polyamine-functionalized coating associated with the introducing of the nitroaromatic explosive. The nitroaromatic explosive detector comprises a microelectrode array formed on a semiconductor substrate, a polyamine or polyamine-functionalized coating deposited on and contiguous with the microelectrode array and the semiconductor substrate, and a measuring device for measuring any of resistance, conductance, and capacitance across the microelectrode array.

Abstract: A downhole device having an explosive component includes a high temperature stable explosive having thermal stability greater than 200° C.

Abstract: A process for making metal-organic frameworks and metal-organic frameworks having host-guest complexes of either liquid energetics, solid energetics, or solid oxidizers.

Abstract: A priming mixture is provided having a primary explosive and an oxidizer system containing bismuth oxide. The priming mixture generally is applicable to any application or device that employs ignition of a propellant or fuel, including, but not limited to, air bag gas generator systems, signaling devices, ejection seats, small or large arms ammunition primers, and the like.

Abstract: A precursor composition of a reactive material that comprises a metal material and an energetic material, such as at least one oxidizer or at least one class 1.1 explosive. The metal material defines a continuous phase at a processing temperature of the precursor composition and the energetic material is dispersed therein. The metal material may be a fusible metal alloy having a melting point ranging from approximately 46° C. to approximately 250° C. The fusible metal alloy may include at least one metal selected from the group consisting of bismuth, lead, tin, cadmium, indium, mercury, antimony, copper, gold, silver, and zinc. The reactive composition may have a density of greater than approximately 2 g/cm3. The reactive composition may also include a polymer/plasticizer system.

Abstract: An ionic liquid is disclosed. A precursor composition that comprises at least one ionic liquid and at least one energetic material is also disclosed, as is a method of synthesizing an ionic liquid and a method of desensitizing an explosive composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to ignition sets comprising initial explosive substances selected from the group consisting of compounds, in particular compounds of lead, which are derived from trinitropolyphenols, such as trinitrophenol, trinitroresorcinol or hydrazoic acid, for example, in mixture with oxygen-generating substances, wherein further included are initial explosive substances made of alkali metal and/or alkaline-earth metal salts of dinitrobenzofuroxanes and oxygen-generating substances made from nitrates of ammonium, guanidine, aminoguanidine, triaminoguanidine, dicyanodiamidine and from the elements of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, cerium and/or from multivalent metal oxides.

Abstract: A non-toxic, non-hydroscopic percussion primer composition and methods of preparing the same, including at least one explosive component that has been traditionally considered a moderately insensitive explosive or secondary explosive, and at least fuel particle component having a particle size of about 1.5 microns to about 12 microns, which allows the use of moderately active metal oxidizers. The sensitivity of the primer composition is created by the interaction between the moderately insensitive explosive and the fuel agent such that traditional primary explosives such as lead styphnate or DDNP are not needed. The primer composition also eliminates the risks and dangers associated with traditional nano-sized fuel particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to thermal pre-ignition agents and to their use as thermal fuses, in particular for use in gas generators of motor-vehicle safety systems.

Abstract: A firing mixture which contains explosives, oxidizing and reducing agents is characterized in that it contains one or several explosives which can be fired by laser light. Also disclosed is a process for producing the same and its use.

Abstract: An initiator explosive for detonating a second explosive that includes nanocrystalline silicon containing a plurality of pores and a solid state oxidant disposed within said pores.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lead- and barium-free ignition charge which does not contain any oxidant, and its use.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photoresponsive gas-generating material that is to be used in a micropump of a microfluid device having fine channels formed therein, and is capable of effectively generating gases for transporting a microfluid in response to light irradiation and transporting the microfluid at an improved transport efficiency. The present invention also provides a micropump incorporating the photoresponsive gas-generating material. A photoresponsive gas-generating material 13 is to be used in a micropump having fine channels formed in a substrate, and comprises a photo-sensitive acid-generating agent and an acid-sensitive gas-generating agent, and a micropump 10 has the photoresponsive gas-generating material 13 housed therein.

Abstract: A propellant composition including, about 5 to about 30 weight % of a polymeric binder component having about 4 to about 10 weight % of at least one oxygen-rich pre-polymer, about 0.1 to about 2 weight % of at least one isocyanate curative, wherein the curative(s) react with alcohol groups on said pre-polymer(s) to formulate urethane linkages, about 1 to about 20 weight % of at least one plasticizer to improve processability and for oxygen balance of the composition, about 0.01 to about 1.0 weight % of at least one additive including cure catalyst(s) and stabilizer(s), about 1 to about 40 weight % of a mixture of high oxygen content insensitive gas generators in solid form, about 1 to about 50 weight % of at least one oxidizer, and wherein the composition is free of perchlorate.

Abstract: A solvent-free process is used to make mouldable plastic explosives or mouldable plastic explosive simulant products.

Abstract: A novel compound, used for example, as a gas generating fuel, is defined as a compound having the structural formula of R3—R1—R2, wherein R1 is a benzene ring with nitro substitution, R2 is a tetrazolyl group with a C—C bond to the benzene ring, and R3 is a tetrazolyl group with a C—C bond to the benzene ring. Other fuels used in the gas generant compositions of the present invention include methylene bi(tetrazole); and 2,3-bis(tetrazolo) pyrazine. A method of making the compound is also provided. Gas generant compositions 12 containing these fuels are provided within a gas generator 10. The gas generator 10 may be contained within a gas generating system 200 such as an airbag inflator 10 or seat belt assembly 150, or more broadly within a vehicle occupant protection system 180.

Abstract: An explosive composition comprising a high density hydrocarbon compound selected from the group consisting of xylitol, sucrose, mannitol, and mixtures thereof and at least one energetic material. The high density hydrocarbon compound and the at least one energetic material form a substantially homogeneous explosive composition. A method of producing an explosive composition that is insensitive to impact is also disclosed.

Abstract: Universal modifiers from the class of organic and inorganic acids and their salts of new power systems of driving force on the basis of complex complete or/and incomplete nitrates (nitroesters) monoatomic (alcohols, alkanes), diatomic (diols, glycols, alkanediols), triatomic (triols, glycerin), multinuclear (of absolute valence) alcohols, cellulose, as well as nitroamines (nitramines), azides (azoimides), nitro compounds and compositions (substances) with mixed groups and their mixes purposefully modifying their thermodynamic (thermochemical) parameters (characteristics), mechanical, physical, chemical, biochemical properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of novel explosives, compositions and munitions comprising the same, as well as methods of synthesis and their use. The invention particularly relates to the field of explosives which are switchable between two different liquid crystalline states, and which possesses a general formula below. wherein M is a mesogenic core, R1 and R2 are independently selected terminal end groups attached to the mesogenic core, and wherein the mesogenic core contains sufficient (NO2)x to provide an explosive output. The explosive compound may form part of an explosive composition, which may be used as a high explosive fill for any part of a munition. The explosive composition may contain other components such as non-explosive LC compounds, or binders, or further known explosive compounds.

Abstract: An explosive composition comprising a high density hydrocarbon compound selected from the group consisting of xylitol, sucrose, mannitol, and mixtures thereof and at least one energetic material. The high density hydrocarbon compound and the at least one energetic material form a substantially homogeneous explosive composition. A method of producing an explosive composition that is insensitive to impact is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for chemically neutralizing a nitroarene explosive uses a nitroarene hypergol having an ?,?-amine and an accelerant that is applied to the explosive composition to cause ignition of the explosive composition. The method may be used to neutralize active mines.

Abstract: A vehicle includes at least one polyoxymethylene structural support member. The polyoxymethylene structural support member includes a polyoxymethylene component that is a propellant that provides thrust to the vehicle upon pyrolysis or combustion of the polyoxymethylene component of the product of pyrolysis of the polyoxymethylene component. The vehicle can be a satellite or other type of spacecraft.

Abstract: The present invention provides an explosive composition of substantially reduced sensitivity and low flammability, being definable as an extremely insensitive detonating substance (EIDS) according to UN Regulations for the Transport of Dangerous Goods and comprising one or more explosive material 42-58% vol., one or more fire retardant material 15-26% vol. and a binder 20-36% vol.

Abstract: A percussion primer composition including at least one explosive, at least fuel particle having a particle size of about 1500 nm or less, at least one oxidizer, optionally at least one sensitizer, optionally at least one buffer, and to methods of preparing the same.

Abstract: An infrared decoy flare composition for generating infrared radiation, including a fuel, an oxidizing agent and a binder, wherein the decoy flare composition contains no metals or metal-containing compounds and no halogens or halogen-containing compounds. Such an infrared decoy flare composition can be particularly advantageously used in aerial infrared decoy flares for civil aircraft.

Abstract: Sulfur free propellant compositions for use as a blackpowder substitute in firearms, munitions, and pyrotechnics to form combustion byproducts that are water soluble and are free of corrosive sulfur compounds. Formulations include an ignition aid of a gluconic acid salt or an alkali metal nitrobenzoate salt or a mixture of the two salts in combination with various known oxidizing and reducing agents and with various known propellant additives. The oxidizing and reducing agents may be selected from the group consisting of carbon, lactose, potassium nitrate, potassium perchlorate, sodium benzoate, and mixtures thereof. The propellant additives may be selected from the group consisting of binders, burning rate modifiers, flow agents, colorants, coating agents, moisture retardants and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to thermal pre-ignition agents and to their use as thermal fuses, in particular for use in gas generators of motor-vehicle safety systems.

Abstract: This melt-pourable explosive composition shares explosive properties comparable to those of trinitrotoluene and is melt-pourable and castable under conditions comparable to those of trinitrotoluene, but experiences equal or less impact, shock, and thermal sensitivity and avoids the issues of toxicity associated with trinitrotoluene. Trinitrotoluene is replaced with one or more mononitro aromatic and/or dinitro aromatic melt-pourable binders, such as dinitroanisole, which can be melt poured without presenting the toxicity drawbacks experienced with the use of TNT. The melt-pourable binder can also be combined with a processing aid selected from the group consisting of alkylnitroanilines and arylnitroanilines. The composition also includes oxidizer particles, which are preferably inorganic oxidizer particles.

Abstract: A priming mixture comprises aluminium silicate as the sensitizer, advantageously in a percentage higher than 10%, not exceeding 30% and preferably included between 15% and 25%. Combined with said sensitizer, the-mixture may further comprises a potassium compound, preferably potassium nitrate.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is lead- and barium-free propellant charges with primary explosives mixed with oxygen-supplying substances, characterized in that the primary explosives are selected from alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal salts of dinitrobenzofuroxanes and the oxygen-supplying substances are chosen from metal peroxides, nitrates of ammonium, guanidine, aminoguanidine, triaminoguanidine, dicyanodiamidine, and the elements sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, cerium, and/or multivalent metal oxides. The propellant charges according to the invention exhibit increased stability with respect to known propellant charges that are free of harmful substances.

Abstract: In order to obtain a pyrotechnic body free of harmful materials, at least one primary explosive from a group of primary explosives is used, this group including atoxic metal cations of a mono- and a dinitrohydroxydiazobenzene (“diazinate”), a ditetrazole compound of highly nitrated organic compounds from salts of the ditetrazole and aromatic nitro bodies having easily replaceable molecular groups and atoxic metal cations of a dinitrobezofuroxane as primary explosives.

Abstract: An insensitive melt cast explosive composition obtained by dissolving an energetic copolyurethane thermoplastic elastomer (“ETPE”) in melted trinitrotoluene (“TNT”) is disclosed. The resulting ETPE-TNT solution is easy to mix with other ingredients such as nitramines, plasticizers, aluminum and can be processed with the existing melt cast facilities. The energetic solution can be poured into shells and upon cooling to produce a recyclable plastic bonded explosive. Instead of melted TNT, the same process works equally well with melted Octol or melted Composition B to dissolve the ETPE.

Abstract: A method for producing fine-grained triamino-trinitrobenzene (TATB) powders having improved detonation-spreading performance and hence increased shock sensitivity when compared with that for ultrafine TATB is described. A single-step, sonochemical amination of trichloro-trinitrobenzene using ammonium hydroxide solution in a sealed vessel yields TATB having approximately 6 &mgr;m median particle diameter and increased shock sensitivity.

Abstract: A method for producing fine-grained triamino-trinitrobenzene (TATB) powders having improved detonation-spreading performance and hence increased shock sensitivity when compared with that for ultrafine TATB is described. A single-step, sonochemical amination of trichloro-trinitrobenzene using ammonium hydroxide solution in a sealed vessel yields TATB having approximately 6 &mgr;m median particle diameter and increased shock sensitivity.

Abstract: A method of preparing 3,3′-diamino-4,4′-azofurazan is provided together with a composition of matter including a mixture of 3,3′-diamino-4,4′-azofurazan and 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene.

Abstract: A process for separating a nitramine or nitramine intermediate from water and volatile organic compounds comprises the steps of: (a) feeding a liquid stream comprising a liquid nitramine or nitramine intermediate, water, and at least one volatile organic compound, into the upper half of a stripper column; (b) feeding a gas stream having a temperature of at least about 120° C. into the lower half of the stripper column, whereby the gas stream and the liquid stream come into countercurrent contact in the stripper column; (c) withdrawing a nitramine or nitramine intermediate stream from the bottom of the stripper column; and (d) withdrawing a waste stream comprising gas and one or more of water vapor, water, formaldehyde, and acetic acid, from the top of the column.

Abstract: An electrically actuatable igniter (24) comprises a body (60), a pair of electrodes (40) and (42) associated with the body (60), a heating element (44) electrically connected between the electrodes (40) and (42), and an ignition droplet (46) covering and adhering to the heating element (44). The ignition droplet (46) comprises a particulate primary pyrotechnic material and a secondary pyrotechnic material. The secondary pyrotechnic material has a melting point below the autoignition temperature of the primary pyrotechnic material. The secondary pyrotechnic material is in the form of a continuous, solid matrix (112) containing and adhering together the particles (114) of the primary pyrotechnic material.