Abstract: A container for storing liquids includes an inner layer including a storage space for storing liquids; an outer layer; and multiple spacers fastened between the inner layer and the outer layer to form multiple compartments. The spacer includes a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is secured to an adhesive layer of the inner layer. The first surface has many cavities. The second surface is secured to the outer layer and having projections complimentarily secured to the cavities. A manufacturing method of the container is also provided. Therefore, it can solve the problem permeation and adhesive failure caused by leaking. It can generate an early alarm by detecting any leaking or permeation of the container.

Abstract: An underwater storage tank having a flexible multilayer tank containing a working liquid is provided. The flexible multilayer tank has at least one internal electrical insulating layer in contact with the working fluid, at least one external electrical insulating layer in contact with sea water, and at least one intermediate electric conductive layer sealed between the at least one internal electrical insulating layer and the at least one external electrical insulating layer. At least one first electrical connection means is connected to the at least one intermediate electric conductive layer, the least one first electrical connection means being electrically connectable to an electrical grounded measurement instrument to assess physical integrity of the flexible multilayer tank.

Abstract: A form for a thin reinforced composite material includes a plurality of separate linear fiber strips, each having a rectangular cross section composed of reinforcement fibers. The linear fiber strips laid out in a two-dimensional base layer defining a shape of the form. A first successive layer formed with the plurality of separate linear fiber strips contacting the base layer, the linear fiber strips laid out in the first successive layer interspersed from the separate linear fiber strips in the two-dimensional base layer. A method of forming the form includes arranging the plurality of separate linear fiber strips on a substrate and tacking the plurality of separate linear fiber strips to the substrate with a plurality of stitches. A method of forming a unitary reinforced composite component from the form is further provided. The resulting component having high strength and light weight and being efficient to manufacture.

Abstract: A high-pressure tank includes a first reinforcing layer and a second reinforcing layer. The first reinforcing layer is a layer obtained by joining dome members to respective end portions of a cylinder member, the dome members being a pair, and an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder member is exposed to a storage space that stores gas. A first resin layer covers the cylinder member between the first reinforcing layer and the second reinforcing layer. The first resin layer is less permeable to the gas in a thickness direction than the first reinforcing layer.

Abstract: A high-pressure tank includes a cylindrical portion including a fiber-reinforced resin and a dome portion including a fiber-reinforced resin. The cylindrical portion includes an axial fiber layer including a fiber oriented in a center axis direction of the high-pressure tank, and a circumferential fiber layer including a fiber oriented in a circumferential direction of the high-pressure tank. An end portion of the axial fiber layer and an end portion of the dome portion are joined to each other.

Abstract: A composite storage tank may include a wall structure including at least three regions including an inner region, an outer region, and at least one permeation barrier. Another region may be optionally incorporated for venting potential permeation of fluids. The at least one permeation barrier and/or the venting layer may be strategically positioned between the inner region and the outer region to reduce or at least partially prevent fluid permeation of the inner region or the outer region. A vehicle may include such a composite storage tank. Methods of forming a composite fluid storage tank may include forming an inner composite region, applying a permeation barrier to an outer surface of the inner composite region, forming an outer composite region, and curing the inner composite region and the outer composite region with the permeation barrier to form the composite fluid storage tank.

Abstract: A high pressure tank includes: a container body including dome parts; a reinforcement layer provided on an outer surface of the container body and including fiber-reinforced resin; and a protective member provided on an outer surface of the reinforcement layer, wherein the protective member includes a first layer disposed at the outer surface of the reinforcement layer that covers at least a part of the dome parts, and a second layer disposed outward of the first layer. The first layer is more deformable due to the same load applied from the outside than the second layer is.

Abstract: A pressure vessel includes a boss tail portion including a boss extension portion having a cylindrical shape and a boss flange portion integrally expanding outward in a radial direction along a circumferential direction above the boss extension portion, a liner portion having a container shape in which an accommodation space is formed to accommodate a fluid therein and a bottom is sealed and coupled, through integral insertion-injection molding, along a top surface of the boss flange portion, and a composite cover portion provided to surround an outer surface of the liner portion and to have a bottom end sealed and coupled while surrounding a bottom surface of the boss flange portion and an outer surface of the boss extension portion.

Abstract: In a high pressure gas container including a liner, a reinforcement layer, bosses (caps), and openings (vent holes), the reinforcement layer includes an inner side reinforcement layer that surrounds the liner, and an outer side reinforcement layer that surrounds the inner side reinforcement layer, gas guide passages that guide, to the openings (vent holes), a gas leaking from the liner are formed in the inner side reinforcement layer, and the gas guide passages are voids formed between sections of a reinforcing member by arranging alongside one another and stacking the sections of the reinforcing member along the liner.

Abstract: A high-pressure container includes a cylinder composed of plastic, at least one half-shell composed of plastic, a substantially rotationally symmetrical insert as a boss member, and a sleeve. The cylinder is to serve as a centre member, while the at least one half-shell is at an axial end of the cylinder. The insert as a boss member, the insert having a foot member at an end thereof facing the container interior. The foot member is embedded in the plastic of the half-shell to substantially form a hollow cone or hollow cylinder. The sleeve is pressed into the inner circumference of the foot member at least in a pressing portion of the sleeve. The plastic of the half-shell is arranged between the sleeve and an inner circumference of the foot member so that in a pressing portion, a thin plastic layer of the plastic of the half-shell is pressed between the sleeve and the inner circumference of the foot member.

Abstract: A high-pressure tank includes: a liner made of resin and including a tubular body portion and a pair of dome-shaped side end portions provided in the opposite ends of the body portion; and a fiber reinforced resin layer made of a fiber reinforced resin and covering an outer peripheral surface of the liner. The fiber reinforced resin layer is formed by winding a fiber bundle impregnated with a resin, and an outer peripheral surface of the fiber reinforced resin layer is covered with a resin layer made of a resin. A part of the fiber reinforced resin layer includes a protrusion portion by continuously winding the fiber bundle in an overlapped manner along the circumferential direction of the body portion the part of the fiber reinforced resin layer covering the body portion.

Abstract: Methods of forming a composite structure include conforming at least one ply of material to a forming surface of a tool having differing features. Apparatuses for forming a composite structure include a forming tool and a material feed assembly configured to hold a supply of material, where the material feed assembly may be configured to pivot the supply of material relative to the forming tool. Composite structures having an at least partially annular shape are formed by an at least partially automated process.

Abstract: The invention relates to an extrusion-blow-molded fuel tank (1) of thermoplastic material comprising a tank wall of a composite of various layers obtained in various production operations, at least one first layer comprising at least one shell-shaped supporting shell (8) and a second layer of a thermoplastic material forming an adhesive bond with the supporting shell (8), and the supporting shell (8) having a greater strength than the second layer. The supporting shell (8) forms an inner layer of the tank and the second layer forms an outer skin of the tank, two supporting shells within the tank forming a supporting cage or a supporting housing.

Abstract: A biodegradable resin bottle having a container wall (1) including a biodegradable resin and having a vacuum-evaporated film (3) formed on the inner surface of the container wall (1) by a plasma CVD method. The vacuum-evaporated film (3) includes a first hydrocarbon vacuum-evaporated layer (3a) positioned on the inner surface of the container wall and a second hydrocarbon vacuum-evaporated layer (3b) formed on the above hydrocarbon vacuum-evaporated layer (3a). The first hydrocarbon vacuum-evaporated layer (3a) has polar groups introduced therein. The second hydrocarbon vacuum-evaporated layer (3b) exhibits hydrocarbon peaks stemming from CH, CH2 and CH3 in a region of wave numbers of 3200 to 2600 cm?1 as measured by FT-IR, has a CH2 ratio of not larger than 35% and a CH3 ratio of not smaller than 40% per the sum of CH, CH2 and CH3 calculated from the hydrocarbon peaks, and has no polar group introduced therein.

Abstract: A pressure vessel structure includes a vessel main body, and a grid layer provided on a periphery of the vessel main body and including a plurality of grid lines formed by intersecting strip-form raw materials so as to overlap alternately. Thus, a burst pressure of the pressure vessel is increased.

Abstract: A pressurized-gas storage assembly has a liner defining a gas storage chamber and an end portion with a planar surface, with an access opening on the planar surface that is in fluid communication with the gas storage chamber. A raised circular ring extends from the planar surface and surrounds the access opening. The assembly also includes a polar boss having a longitudinally extending part that has a top surface with a recessed opening, and a planar bottom surface, with a channel extending through the polar boss to serve as a passageway through the polar boss. A circular groove is provided on the bottom flat surface of the polar boss, with the raised ring received inside the circular groove. An outer shell is provided around the entirety of the liner, with the outer shell having an edge-defining aperture that receives the polar boss.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transport container which is made of plastic and has side walls which rise up from a bottom part and are reinforced on their outwardly facing surface by vertical and/or horizontal ribs which protrude from the walls and are characterized in that plates made of plastic filled with stiffness-increasing additives are applied to the outer side of at least two opposing side walls.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a container made from fiber based board wherein the container comprises a sleeve and a bottom, said bottom comprises polymer coated board, at least one side of said sleeve is uncoated and the sleeve is formed by sealing two edges of the sleeve together along a side seam. The invention further relates to a method for producing said container.

Abstract: The invention concerns a heat-sealable biodegradable packaging material, which comprises a fibrous substrate and one or more polymer coating layers extruded onto said substrate. According to the invention the packaging material includes at least one polymer coating layer containing polylactide and at least about 1 weight-% of terpene phenolic resin blended therewith. The invention further concerns a heat-sealed product package made from the packaging material, as well as uses of the resin as blends with polylactide in extrusion coating, for improving line speed and neck-in in extrusion, adhesivity of the coating to the fibrous substrate, and heat-sealability of the coating.

Abstract: The invention relates to a container for receiving contents, in particular liquid foods, having a tubular main body and having at least one molded fiber part connected to the main body, and to a method for producing such a container. For the container to be suitable for being aseptically filled with liquid or paste-like foods, the inner face of the at least one molded fiber part is coated to be gas and liquid tight. The container is produced as follows: pressing at least one molded fiber part from pulp, coating the inner face(s) of the molded fiber part or parts, providing the tubular main body, connecting the main body to the (first) molded fiber part for generating a container that is open on one side, filling the container through the open side, and closing the container by folding or by joining to the (further) molded fiber part.

Abstract: A vessel for holding a pressurized fluid is disclosed, the vessel having a hollow inner shell formed from a moldable material and forming a cavity therein, an intermediate shell formed over the inner vessel, and an outer shell formed over said intermediate shell, said outer shell having a ceramic layer formed on an outer surface thereof.

Abstract: A toolbox includes a body and a cover. The body includes a rigid base layer and an external layer. The base layer includes a compartment having an opening. An annular wall is formed on a top face surrounding the opening. The external layer is made of soft, compressible material. The external layer is integrally formed with a portion of an outer face of the base layer and the annular wall as a single, monolithic, inseparable piece. The external layer has an annular ridge corresponding to the annular wall. The cover is made of rigid material and includes a covering face. When the cover is in the closed position, the rigid covering face of the cover covers the annular wall of the body, and the rigid covering face of the cover presses against and sealingly engages with the annular ridge of the body.

Abstract: A method of making a can assembly includes double-seaming a double-countersink metal end onto a can body and reforming the double-countersink metal end so as to effectively yield a single-countersink metal end of smaller diameter. In the process, the region of the can body adjacent the metal end becomes necked-in. The method can be applied to make a stackable three-piece can in which the reformed smaller-diameter metal end will fit within a double-seam of a metal end attached to the opposite end of the can body.

Abstract: A fully compostable container is provided having an enclosed body with an opening through an interior surface and an exterior surface. The enclosed body having a plant fiber structural layer configured to biodegrade in ambient conditions into nontoxic residue and a fluid barrier layer formed on a first side of the structural layer to form the interior surface of the enclosed body, the fluid barrier layer configured to biodegrade in ambient conditions into nontoxic residue. The container is gradually biodegradable when exposed to a set of factors in a natural environment and has a shelf life of six months when stored under standard commercial conditions.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and composite fuel tank for manufacturing a structure is provided. A first composite layer and a second composite layer are placed on a mold. The second composite layer and the first composite layer are cured. The first composite layer and the second composite layer form the structure. The second composite layer is configured to dissipate an electric charge on a surface of the structure.

Abstract: A composite wall structure formed from a plurality of layers. The composite wall structure can be used to form a composite storage tank having a tank cavity and a longitudinal axis. A composite tank trailer can be formed using the composite tank, a platform structure and a suspension and wheel assembly.

Abstract: A linerless tank structure has a body that defines an enclosed interior volume. The body has a cylindrical section having an axis of symmetry and a dome section coupled with the cylindrical section. The construction of the pressure vessel includes multiple fiber plies. At least one of the fiber plies is a helical ply having fibers traversing the dome helically about the axis of symmetry. At least a second of the fiber plies is a braided or woven ply.

Abstract: A differential-thickness, self-sealing, anti-leak, all-over coating for the outside surface of a fuel container formed of HDPE plastic material and characterized with differentiated high and low puncture-threat regions.

Abstract: A biodegradable resin bottle having a container wall (1) including a biodegradable resin and having a vacuum-evaporated film (3) formed on the inner surface of the container wall (1) by a plasma CVD method. The vacuum-evaporated film (3) includes a first hydrocarbon vacuum-evaporated layer (3a) positioned on the inner surface of the container wall and a second hydrocarbon vacuum-evaporated layer (3b) formed on the above hydrocarbon vacuum-evaporated layer (3a). The first hydrocarbon vacuum-evaporated layer (3a) has polar groups introduced therein. The second hydrocarbon vacuum-evaporated layer (3b) exhibits hydrocarbon peaks stemming from CH, CH2 and CH3 in a region of wave numbers of 3200 to 2600 cm?1 as measured by FT-IR, has a CH2 ratio of not larger than 35% and a CH3 ratio of not smaller than 40% per the sum of CH, CH2 and CH3 calculated from the hydrocarbon peaks, and has no polar group introduced therein.

Abstract: A reusable container which provides flame and thermal protection for shipping hazardous materials such as cylinders containing compressed gas has a flame resistant reinforced outer shell having a bottom section hingedly coupled to a top section. A first inner layer of thermal insulating material is fitted into the top and bottom sections of the outer shell. An optional second inner layer of shock absorbing material with thermal insulating properties is fitted next to the first inner layer and configured to contact and conform to surface sections of the compressed gas cylinder. An interior liner comprised of a durable liner constructed of fabric or molded heat-resistant plastic.

Abstract: A hazardous material transport container employing a conventional 55 gal. ring ribbed drum in which a protective shell is slidingly fitted, wherein the shell contains an inner containment vessel, wherein protective spacings are provided between the shell and the vessel and between the shell and the drum, wherein a plurality of elongated strengthening ribs are affixed generally longitudinally to the outer surface of the shell and lie closely adjacent to but slidable within the inner surface of the drum, wherein an upper portion of the shell is welded to a top inner portion of the drum wall, and wherein thermal insulating and impact resistant materials substantially fill the protective spaces.

Abstract: A process of constructing a large diameter tank is provided. The process includes the step of providing a tank wall mandrel that has at least one drive wheel and at least one curved panel. Glass fibers are applied from a vertical winder to the curved panel in order to form a segment of a tank wall shell. Additional glass fibers are also applied to the curved panel at a location above the segment of the tank wall shell in order to form a unitary tank shell.

Abstract: A tank for a water-treatment device, comprising an internal coating (2), a hollow insert (10), with a collar (14) projecting externally from the coating (2), and an external covering (40), which is created by wrapping a bundle of glass fibre buried in a polymeric matrix around the coating. The covering (40) comprises a portion of covering (50), which covers the collar (14), at least partially, reinforcing the connection between the insert (10) and the coating (2). The tank (1) is made by blowing or using a rotational press and subsequently wrapping the bundle of fibre buried in the matrix to make the covering (40) and the portion of covering (50).

Abstract: The present invention comprises a fluid-injectable internal bag layer, a base-material layer superposed on an external periphery of the internal bag layer and impregnated with a photo-curing resin, and an outer layer superposed on an external periphery of the base-material layer and having transparency. The base-material layer is formed of a composite member serving as a reinforcing fiber layer impregnated with the photo-curing resin, and a grid net superposed on the composite member and preventing flow of the photo-curing resin.

Abstract: A packaging container for a pressurized, liquid food, the packaging container being formed from a packaging laminate which includes at least one core layer of paper or paperboard displaying one major fibre orientation in a first direction thereof. According to the invention, said core layer is pre-strained in a second direction which is substantially at right angles to said first direction, with a view to reducing or eliminating expansion in the finished, filled packaging container during storage thereof. The present invention also encompasses a packaging laminate for the packaging container, as well as a method of producing the packaging container.

Abstract: The vessel assembly includes a polymeric cylinder and a circular polymeric cap for the cylinder, the cylinder being closed at one end and open at the other end to receive the cap. The open end of the cylinder has a lip that is beveled inwardly from the open end, and the circular polymeric cap has a beveled lower edge that engages the beveled lip when the cap is place upon the polymeric cylinder. For high pressure applications, a choke cylinder depends from the beveled lower edge of the cap, and has an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the polymeric cylinder so that the choke provides a self sealing mechanism for the cylinder as pressure from a chemical reaction increases within the cylinder. A composite sleeve surrounds the polymeric cylinder, and includes at least one wound fabric layer in which the winding can be a filament or a yarn.

Abstract: A hatch cover adapted to be positioned over and close a hatch opening on a railroad hopper car. The hatch cover includes a rigid panel sized to cover the hopper car hatch opening. The panel for the hatch cover includes an inner skin, an outer skin, and a core material sandwiched between and adhered to the inner and outer skins. Edge structure is secured to the panel for protecting edges of the panel.

Abstract: A casing for the protection of an article contained within the casing is described, the protective casing comprising: at least two casing members which are assemblable to constitute a casing having an internal volume to receive the article, each of said at least two casing members comprising: an outer skin of fiber reinforced plastics material having a plurality of layers of reinforcing fibers in a plastics material matrix; an inner skin of fiber reinforced plastics material having a plurality of layers of reinforcing fibers in a plastics material matrix; a filling of a low density core material in a space between the outer and inner skin members; sealing means disposed in the joint face between said at least two casing members; and fastener means to hold said at least two members together.

Abstract: A triple-walled underground storage tank is provided with primary, secondary and tertiary walls. Between each two adjacent walls, an annular space is provided. The annular space is continuous throughout, and permits the flow of liquid therein. Monitors may be provided separately for each annulus, to detect the formation of leaks, or a lack of containment, in either wall defining the annular space. In one embodiment, the tertiary wall is a smooth cylinder formed about the circumferential ribs of the secondary wall. In the alternative embodiment, the rib-bearing wall is the tertiary wall, and the walls and annular materials of the tank are formed within a female mold. In either case, a tank prepared from integral ribs, with superior robustness and strength, is provided with triple containment.

Abstract: An airbelt is provided that passes smoothly through an anchor and winds around a retractor. The airbelt includes a non-inflating section and a flat hollow-cylindrical inflating section. A bag is arranged only within the inflating section. An end of the bag as well as an end of the belt is connected to a tongue. The non-inflating section is inserted into a through-anchor and is connected to a retractor so as to enable to be wound up around and pulled out of the retractor. The belt is consecutively and integrally made by knitting or weaving all the parts extending from the non-inflating section toward the inflating section. A weft thread, which is lined up with a fusion thread such as a thread having a core-sheath structure, is inserted into the non-inflating section so as to be processed with heat.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-pressure device (1) having a cylindrical high-pressure vessel (3) and prestressing means in order to exert an axial pressure on the vessel. The vessel (3) can have been formed from a number of layers of composite material, such as glass, carbon or aramide fibers which are oriented in the peripheral direction and are embedded in a matrix of epoxy resin or polyurethane. By applying the axial prestress to the pressure vessel (3), the tangential stress is distributed more uniformly over the wall thickness of the high-pressure vessel (3), the stress decreasing at the inside of the wall and increasing at the outside thereof. As a result, the innermost fibers of a high-pressure vessel (3) made of composite material are subjected to appreciably less stress, which has a beneficial effect on the life of the high-pressure vessel (3), and all fibers of the wall are utilized effectively.

Abstract: A triple-walled underground storage tank is provided with primary, secondary and tertiary walls. Between each two adjacent walls, an annular space is provided. The annular space is continuous throughout, and permits the flow of liquid therein. Monitors may provided separately for each annulus, to detect the formation of leaks, or a lack of containment, in either wall defining the annular space. In one embodiment, the tertiary wall is a smooth cylinder formed about the circumferential ribs of the secondary wall. In the alternative embodiment, the rib-bearing wall is the tertiary wall, and the walls and annular materials of the tank are formed within a female mold. In either case, a tank prepared from integral ribs, with superior robustness and strength, is provided with triple containment.

Abstract: The invention relates to the partial or complete use of a pressurized gas cylinder known per se for compressed, liquefied or dissolved gases as a liner for a composite cylinder. This enables production costs of a composite cylinder to be reduced by ⅓ when compared to the costs arising from the production of a new composite cylinder using current manufacturing technologies.

Abstract: A sump has a one-piece body, comprising a hollow base member for collecting fluids leaking from a piping system, the base member having an upper portion and a lower portion. The one-piece body further comprises a hollow riser section having an upper portion defining an opening, and a lower portion, the riser lower portion extending upwardly from the base member upper portion, the riser section having sidewalls with a generally corrugated shaped cross section in an axial direction. The hollow base member has a bottom and sidewalls, each of the bottom and sidewalls having an outer surface.

Abstract: Large amounts of hazardous goods, especially liquid ones such as fuel, may be carried in safety containers, whether tank semitrailers, oil tankers, containers for hazardous goods or aircraft, and be transported with practically no risk for the environment, by completely filling the inside (10) of the container with glass wool, so that the hazardous materials or other fillings dispersed therein may not escape or be somehow spilled in the environment. The liquid components, for example hydrocarbons, are absorbed and held by a dense, water-proofed latticework (15), so that no oxygen can reach them. They are thus protected against explosions and spillage in the environment. At the same time, a safety container of this type acts as a kind of safety buoy, preventing water from entering the inside (10) of the container, so that the kerosene, gasoline or oil contained therein further increase buoyancy. As a whole, a simplification of the safety container design and a considerable increase in safety may be noted.