Abstract: A Merlin™ family mechanical connector provided with a thread on substantially matching frustoconical surfaces extending between two sets of nipple seals utilize assembly/disassembly fluids that solidify after the assembly and are brought to liquid state before the disassembly. They include resins or tar-like non-metals and liquid metals solidifying in single phases as well as in multiple phases like for example binary, ternary etc. eutectics. That improves already very good leak resistance of Merlin™ family connectors and benefits good heat transfer between pins and boxes. Thread angle mismatching between box and pin threads can be introduced in order to improve loading. The above modifications can be introduced to traditional connectors featuring torsional load capacities limited to frictional resistance and to connectors designed to transfer high torsional loads.

Abstract: Apparatus, and methods of use, where the apparatus includes a cylindrical tool main body defining an axial centerline, the main body having a first bladed magnet section having at least one blade extending substantially perpendicular from the axial centerline at a first angle, a second bladed magnet section having at least one blade extending substantially perpendicular from the axial centerline at a second angle, and a hardfaced cylindrical section disposed between the first bladed magnet section and the second bladed magnet section, wherein the outer circumference of the hardfaced cylindrical section defines the outer circumference of the tool main body.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aircraft structure, the aircraft structure comprising a first component and a second component. A fastening device fastens the first component to the second component, wherein the fastening device comprises a clamping member, and a fastening member. The fastening member has a longitudinal axis, and the clamping member is associated with the first component such that the clamping member is movable in a first direction and is fixed in position in a second direction, the first direction being parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fastener, wherein the fastener extends through the second component into engagement with the clamping member and holds the clamping member against the second component. The fastening device may hold the first component and second component in a fixed position relative to one another, in at least one direction, without applying a clamping force between the first component and second component.

Abstract: A method of assembling a shaft of a magnetic motor comprising the steps of providing a plurality of magnets (210), providing a plurality of pole pieces (212), stacking (S11) said magnets and pole pieces to form a subassembly (202) having an outer surface of a first diameter, providing a precipitation hardenable stainless steel sheet material, forming said stainless steel sheet material into a tube (S20), drawing said tube to form a precision tube having an inner surface of a second diameter (S21), said second diameter being greater than or equal to said first diameter, heat treating said precision tube to form a tubular sleeve of a Rockwell C hardness of at least about 40 and a magnetic permeability of at least about 100 (S22), and inserting said subassembly axially into said sleeve (S30), thereby forming a shaft for a magnetic motor.

Abstract: In the case of a method according to the invention for connecting at least two components of an endoscope, at least one brazing preform, which contains a high-temperature brazing solder, is introduced into at least one brazing solder reservoir of at least one of the components, the at least two components are held in relation to one another in such a way that at least one brazing gap that is in capillary connection with the at least one brazing solder reservoir is formed between joining regions of the at least two components that are assigned to one another, and the arrangement (1, 22) comprising the at least two components and the at least one brazing preform is heated to a brazing temperature of the high-temperature brazing solder. The invention also relates to a component of an endoscope and to an endoscope.

Abstract: A turbine rotor for an exhaust gas turbine has a turbine rotor wheel made of a highly heat-resistant metal alloy and a rotor shaft made of steel. A rotor wheel hub and a rotor shaft end are connected to each other in a metallurgical bond by way of a solder connection. The rotor shaft end and/or the rotor wheel hub is formed with a central recess, which acts as a thermal choke. A closing plug is arranged in the respective recess, forming a closed cavity with the recess and closing off the recess toward the respective end face. The solder connection is formed between the end faces of the rotor wheel hub and the rotor shaft, between the closing plug and the rotor wheel hub, and between the closing plug and the rotor shaft.

Abstract: A method providing a first tubular workpiece having a first weld surface at an end thereof, and a second tubular workpiece having a second weld surface at an end thereof; aligning the workpieces on a common axis with the weld surfaces facing each other, rotating one workpiece about the axis relative to the other workpiece, and engaging the first and second weld surfaces such that the rotation raises the temperature at the weld surfaces to create a weld interface; and ceasing the rotation and allowing the weld interface to cool to weld the workpieces together at the interface. The first weld surface is an apex region of an annular projection at the end of the first workpiece, on a longitudinal section through the aligned workpieces the annular projection having a profile in which radially inner and outer side surfaces of the annular projection taper towards the apex region.

Abstract: A structural component includes a first component; a second component composed of metal; and at least one connecting piece composed of metal and which penetrates the first component at least over an entire thickness of the first component, and is fixed in the first component for rotation therewith. The at least one connecting piece is connected to the second component via welding at an end facing the second component.

Abstract: An assembly for a vehicle and a method of making an assembly including more than three panels stacked together and joined by self-piercing rivets or by clinch joints. A first panel and a second panel are joined together at a first attachment point. A third panel and the first panel are joined together at a second attachment point. A fourth panel and the third panel are joined together at a third attachment point. The first, second and third attachment points are spaced apart to avoid interference between the self-piercing rivets or the clinch joints.

Abstract: A sensor includes a sheath that is elongated along a longitudinal axis; a spacer positioned within the sheath and defining first and second channels having lengths that extend along the longitudinal axis; a first elongated member positioned within the first channel; and a second elongated member positioned within the second channel. The first elongated member includes an active surface forming a working electrode and the second elongated member including an active surface defining a counter electrode.

Abstract: An embodiment of a method of attaching a semiconductor die to a substrate includes placing a bottom surface of the die over a top surface of the substrate with an intervening die attach material. The method further includes contacting a top surface of the semiconductor die and the top surface of the substrate with a conformal structure that includes a non-solid, pressure transmissive material, and applying a pressure to the conformal structure. The pressure is transmitted by the non-solid, pressure transmissive material to the top surface of the semiconductor die. The method further includes, while applying the pressure, exposing the assembly to a temperature that is sufficient to cause the die attach material to sinter. Before placing the die over the substrate, conductive mechanical lock features may be formed on the top surface of the substrate, and/or on the bottom surface of the semiconductor die.

Abstract: A developing blade apparatus may include a supporting a protrusion and a developing blade connected to the supporting member and including an opening. The protrusion of the supporting member may be disposed within the opening. The developing blade may include a plurality of weld marks that includes a first weld mark and a second weld mark. The protrusion and the opening are disposed between the first weld mark and the second weld mark on an imaginary straight line connecting the first weld mark and the second weld mark.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tubular structure (1) that can form part of a motor vehicle axle, comprising at least one first tubular élément (15), at least one second tubular élément (16) and a Connecting piece (61, 62) fixing the first and second tubular éléments (15, 16) by welding, such that the Connecting piece (61, 62) is welded to one (15) of the two tubular éléments (15, 16) by at least one weld bead extending along a line forming said tubular élément (15).

Abstract: A process of making a heat radiating structure for high-power LED comprises: (1) providing a PCB board, a heat conducting plate and a heat radiating plate; (2) providing a first locating hole and a first fixation hole penetrating the PCB board, and welding a copper plate to one side of the PCB board; while soldering an electrode welding leg to the other side of the PCB board; (3) providing a second locating hole and a second fixation hole penetrating the heat conducting plate; (4) using a fixation column to pierce through both of the fixation holes for connecting together the PCB board and the heat conducting plate; (5) using a heat conducting column to pierce through both of the locating holes; (6) placing the integral piece of the heat conducting plate and the PCB board on a pressing equipment to adjust the height of the heat conducting column.

Abstract: Improved pin header assemblies, printed circuit board assemblies and methods of forming the same are disclosed. In an aspect, a method of forming a pin header assembly for use with a printed circuit board is provided. The method includes the step of providing a base formed of an electric insulator. The method further includes the step of forming a plurality of openings through the base. The method further includes the step of inserting a plurality of conductive pins through the openings, wherein a press fit is formed between the conductive pins and the base, and the conductive pins extend from opposite sides of the base.

Abstract: A method of creating a positive substance joint between components (1,2) involves the provisioning of the components (1, 2) and placing them at a joining position in relation to one another such that they contact at least one joining point or are kept apart by a narrow joining gap. The components (1, 2) feature a locating device that forces the components (1, 2) to fit and interlock in their relative position at the joining point. The components (1, 2) are then joined by a positive substance joint.

Abstract: Sputtering targets are described that comprise: a) a target surface component comprising a target material; b) a core backing component having a coupling surface, a back surface and at least one open area, wherein the coupling surface is coupled to at least part of the target surface component; and wherein at least part of the target surface component fits into at least one open area of the core backing component. In some embodiments, the target surface component, the core backing component or a combination thereof have at least one surface area feature coupled to or located in the back surface of the core backing component, the target surface component or a combination thereof, wherein the surface area feature increases the cooling effectiveness of the target surface component.

Abstract: Methods for producing a circuit board system and a circuit board arrangement are disclosed. One method for producing a circuit board system includes: providing a first circuit board including a top side, a bottom side, a top metallization layer arranged at the top side, and a bottom metallization layer arranged at the bottom side, wherein the bottom metallization layer comprises a number of soldering pads; applying a first solder over the soldering pads; and applying a second solder over the top metallization layer. The method further includes providing a number of electronic components and a metallic or metallized shielding frame; arranging the number of electronic components and the shielding frame on the applied second solder; and soldering the number of electronic components and the shielding frame to the top metallization layer with the second solder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a target arrangement comprising a tubular-shaped carrier element and a hollow-cylindrical target having at least one target material, said target comprising at least one one-piece tube segment which at least partially surrounds the carrier element. Said carrier element and the tube segment are partially interconnected in a material fit by at least two plastically deformable compensating means. The invention also relates to a method for producing said type of target arrangement and a tubular segment.

Abstract: An electro-mechanical fastener includes a fastener body having a connection portion materially integrally formed with at least one mounting member. The at least one mounting member has a thickness that is no more than three-times greater than a thickness of a substrate to which the electro-mechanical fastener is joined. The at least one mounting member is configured and disposed to be joined to the substrate through a welded connection.

Abstract: A sealed floating roof for a storage tank, comprising a frame and roof panels, in which the frame provides a guide for directing an automatic welder along said structure to allow for automated welding of the roof panels to the frame, and a method of forming such a roof.

Abstract: A welded assembly characterized by improved structural integrity includes a first component disposed along a first plane. The first component includes first and second substantially parallel surfaces, and also includes a channel arranged on the first surface. The welded assembly also includes a second component disposed along a second plane, wherein the second component includes a leading edge. The leading edge of the second component is inserted into the channel of the first component such that an interface is formed between the first and second components. A weld generated on the second surface joins the first component with the second component at the interface such that the assembly is formed. The subject weld may be a friction-stir type of a weld. The subject welded assembly may be a vehicle bumper support. A method of forming such a welded assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of repairing and a repaired friction stir welded assembly is disclosed. The friction stir welded assembly repair may include the steps of: drilling a hole through a discrepant portion of the friction stir welded assembly; sliding a mandrel head and a tubular rivet body of a rivet assembly through the hole; seating a rivet head and an adhesive/sealer washer against one of the first workpiece and the second workpiece, with the adhesive/sealer washer located between portions of the rivet head and body and the friction stir welded assembly; pulling a mandrel to cause the mandrel head to create an upset portion of the rivet body engaging the friction stir welded assembly; and curing the adhesive/sealer washer.

Abstract: A brazing method includes the steps of providing a first part and a second part, at least a first portion of the first part is configured to fit inside a second portion of the second part, preplacing a first self-fluxing braze alloy on one or more of the first portion and second portion, preplacing a non-phosphorous braze alloy on the first self-fluxing braze alloy, preplacing another layer of the first self-fluxing braze alloy on the non-phosphorous braze alloy, thermally treating at least one of the first portion and second portion, to create a temperature differential between the first portion and second portion, inserting the first portion into the second portion, and heating at least one of the first portion and second portion to melt both layers of the first self-fluxing braze alloy and the non-phosphorous braze alloy. The first portion is joined by brazing to the second portion.

Abstract: A method for welding half shells and thus a method for producing large volume components, such as an inner housing for a steam turbine is disclosed. Two half shells are connected to each other forming a tube-like cross section, and are welded by means of a girth weld to two further half shells that are connected to each other.

Abstract: In various embodiments, joined sputtering targets are formed at least in part by spray deposition of the sputtering material and/or welding.

Abstract: A mask frame assembly for thin film deposition including a frame having an opening portion and a support portion, and a mask having a deposition area in a position corresponding to the opening portion, wherein the mask includes a first layer including the deposition area and a peripheral portion disposed outside the deposition area and a second layer including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, at least a part of the first surface of the second layer faces the first layer and contacts the peripheral portion, and the second surface is welded to the support portion of the frame.

Abstract: A welding alignment and spacing article is provided for forming a welding gap between two structures to be welded together. The article includes a body having first and second surfaces that are spaced from each other at a selected spacing distance to define a region of selected body thickness. The body is formed from a non-metallic degradable body material in the region that can be wholly or partially degraded by exposure to a degrading agent to reduce the body thickness. The degradable body material is sufficiently incompressible to be useable as a spacer that maintains a specified welding gap distance between the two structures to be welded.

Abstract: A press apparatus includes a mounting table and a pressing member. A workpiece formed of a plurality of laminated core sheets is placed on the mounting table, and the pressing member is used for pressing the workpiece on the mounting table from above. The mounting table is supported by a base member so as to be loosely movable in a horizontal plane. When the pressing member is lowered, a positioning member determines the position of the workpiece such that the core sheets of the workpiece are aligned along a single vertical axis.

Abstract: A fixture assembly and method of forming a chip assembly is provided. The fixture assembly includes a first plate having an opening sized to accommodate a chip mounted on a laminate. The fixture assembly further includes a second plate mated to the first plate by at least one mechanical fastening mechanism. The fixture assembly further includes a space defined by facing surfaces of the first plate and the second plate and confined by a raised stepped portion of at least one of the first plate and the second plate. The space is coincident with the opening. The space is sized and shaped such that the laminate is confined within the space and directly abuts the stepped portion and the facing surfaces of the first plate and the second plate to be confined in X, Y and Z directions.

Abstract: A seal device for a rotary shaft includes a sleeve, a gland, a ring, a guide block, and a fixing member. The guide block has an outer block surface extending circumferentially and abutting against a portion of an inner gland surface of the gland, and an inner block surface extending circumferentially and opposite to the outer block surface. The outer block surface has two circumferentially opposite outer ends. The inner block surface has two circumferentially opposite inner ends. The guide block further has two opposite end faces each of which connects one of the outer ends to one of the inner ends. The inner ends subtend an angle of not larger than 90° at a center line of the gland. At least one of the end faces lies in a plane line that is substantially tangent to an outer peripheral face of the ring.

Abstract: An aircraft component and method of attaching an additional component to an aircraft component are described. The aircraft component includes an exterior surface exposed to external airflow during flight, an interior surface, and a locally thickened fastening portion between the exterior and interior surfaces. An area of the interior surface on the locally thickened fastening portion is substantially parallel to an area of the exterior surface on the locally thickened fastening portion. The thickness of the aircraft engine housing component between the exterior surface and the interior surface is greater at the fastening portion than at an area surrounding the fastening portion. When the additional component is fastened to the substantially parallel area of the interior surface on the fastening portion with mechanical fasteners, the mechanical fasteners do not penetrate the exterior surface.

Abstract: A vehicle door frame includes first and second door frame members which are positioned end-to-end to be butt-welded to each other, wherein each of the first and second door frame members includes a design part, an enclosed section provided on a vehicle interior side, a connecting part which connects an inner surface of the design part with the enclosed section; and first and second dam protrusions which project from the inner surface of the design part and are positioned on opposite sides of the connecting part, respectively. Molten metal is present in the first and second spaces after the molten metal has melted and passed through the inner surface of the design part from the outer surface thereof upon butted ends of the first and second door frame members being butt-welded to each other from the outer surface of the design part.

Abstract: A method for connecting a tube and a cast component includes widening an end section of the tube to form a widened section, positioning the cast component adjacent to the widened section, and welding the cast component to enclose at least a portion of the widened section with a weld deposit in at least one step, thereby locking the tube and the cast component together. A connection between a tube and a cast component is also provided.

Abstract: A method of assembling a fuel nozzle includes providing a first nozzle component and a second nozzle component, wherein the first nozzle component is configured and adapted to engage within the second nozzle component. Braze is applied to at least one of the first and second nozzle components. The first nozzle component is assembled into the second nozzle component to provide a diametral interference fit therebetween. The method further includes joining the first and second nozzle components together. A fuel nozzle includes a first cylindrical nozzle component, a second cylindrical nozzle component disposed with an interference fit on an outward surface of the first nozzle component, and a layer of braze joiningly disposed between the first and second nozzle components.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method for airtightly joining a hollow tube made of a reinforced platinum and a flange made of platinum or a platinum alloy, which prevents decreasing of mechanical strength of the hollow tube made of a reinforced platinum due to its joining with a flange. A method for airtightly joining a hollow tube made of a reinforced platinum with a flange made of platinum or a platinum alloy, which is a method for airtightly joining the outer periphery of a hollow tube made of a reinforced platinum produced by dispersing metal oxides in platinum or a platinum alloy, with a flange made of platinum or a platinum alloy, the method comprising a step of shrink-fitting a ring made of platinum or a platinum alloy to the outer periphery of the hollow tube, a step of heating the hollow tube to which the ring is shrink-fit at from 1,150 to 1,450° C. for from 1 to 10 hours, and a step of welding the flange made of platinum or a platinum alloy to the outer periphery of the ring.

Abstract: A parallel optical communications device is provided that has an OSA that includes at least one heat dissipation block having a slot formed in a lower surface thereof that contains a weldable insert. Likewise, an upper surface of the mounting device of the ESA has at least one slot formed therein that contains a weldable insert. After the OSA is placed in contact with the ESA and optically aligned with the ESA, the OSA is secured to the upper surface of the mounting device of the ESA by welding together the respective weldable inserts contained in the respective slots in the OSA and in the mounting device of the ESA. The welding process results in an extremely strong welded joint between the OSA and the ESA that prevents relative movement between the OSA and the ESA if external forces that are exerted on the OSA and/or on the ESA.

Abstract: A method of welding an adapter fitting to a fitting on a measuring device system. The present disclosure also provides for a measuring device system having a first fitting that includes a stem, a second fitting that defines an opening sized to receive the first fitting, where the second fitting also defines an abutment face, wherein the second fitting is positioned around the first fitting with the abutment face abutting an outward end of the first fitting, and where at least one weld secures the first fitting to the second fitting.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method for airtightly joining a hollow tube made of a reinforced platinum and a flange made of platinum or a platinum alloy, which prevents decreasing of mechanical strength of the hollow tube made of a reinforced platinum due to its joining with a flange. A method for airtightly joining a hollow tube made of a reinforced platinum with a flange made of platinum or a platinum alloy, which is a method for airtightly joining the outer periphery of a hollow tube made of a reinforced platinum produced by dispersing metal oxides in platinum or a platinum alloy, with a flange made of platinum or a platinum alloy, the method comprising a step of shrink-fitting a ring made of platinum or a platinum alloy to the outer periphery of the hollow tube, a step of heating the hollow tube to which the ring is shrink-fit at from 1,150 to 1,450° C. for from 1 to 10 hours, and a step of welding the flange made of platinum or a platinum alloy to the outer periphery of the ring.

Abstract: A method of connecting a rotationally symmetrical part (11) having precision-machined functional surfaces (16) to a hub part (21) by welding is to deliver a distortion-free end product. To this end, the rotationally symmetrical part (11) and the hub part (12), in their longitudinal sections, are dimensioned in such a way that, when the rotationally symmetrical part (11) is shrunk onto or pressed onto the hub part (12), stresses are produced in the former and said stresses produce deformations which are opposed to the stresses to be expected during the subsequent welding and to deformations caused by said stresses. This is achieved by one of the contact surfaces (14; 15) being conical or by shaping the rotationally symmetrical part (11).

Abstract: A cutting pick comprising a cutting tip 10 formed such as from SiC-D and a metal pick body 11. The pick body 11 has a greater coefficient of thermal expansion than the cutting tip 10. The pick body 11 includes a generally cylindrical cavity 14 within which is received a generally cylindrical anchor portion 13. The tip 10 includes a coating 17 bonded to the outer surface of the anchor portion 13. An annulus 24 is left between the coating 17 and the cavity 14 within which is a solder or braze material which bonds to each of the coating 17 and the cavity 14. The pick body 11 employs the difference in thermal expansion to exert pressure on the anchor portion 13 to fix the tip 10 to the pick body 11.

Abstract: A method of connecting a metallic bolt to a plastic work piece is shown and described. The object to provide a method which makes possible a reliable connection between metal workpieces on the one hand and plastic workpieces on the other hand is achieved in that a first plastic work piece and a metallic bolt are provided, and in that the bolt is pressed into a surface of the first plastic workpiece, the bolt being rotated during the pressing-in, and the rotational speed of the bolt being selected in such a way that the first plastic workpiece is plasticized, so that the bolt is anchored in the first plastic workpiece in a positive-locking manner after the rotation is stopped.

Abstract: An electrical structure method of forming. The method includes forming a plurality of individual metallic structures from metallic layer formed over a first substrate. A plurality of vias are formed within a second substrate. The plurality of vias are positioned over and surrounding the plurality of metallic structures. A portion of each via is filled with solder to form solder structure surrounding an exterior surface of each metallic structure. The first substrate is removed from the metallic structures. The metallic structures comprising the solder structures are positioned over a third substrate comprising a plurality of electrically conductive pads. The metallic structures comprising the solder structures are heated to a temperature sufficient to cause the solder to melt and form an electrical and mechanical connection between each metallic structure and an associated electrically conductive pad. The second substrate is removed from the individual metallic structures.

Abstract: Earth-boring rotary drill bits including a bit body attached to a shank. In some embodiments, the bit body and the shank may have abutting surfaces concentric to an interface axis offset relative to a longitudinal axis of the drill bit. In additional embodiments, the bit body and the shank may have generally frustoconical abutting surfaces. Methods for attaching a shank and a bit body of an earth-boring rotary drill bit include abutting a surface of a shank against a surface of a bit body, and causing the abutting surfaces to be concentric to an axis that is offset or shifted relative to a longitudinal axis of the drill bit.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a gas supply nozzle plate constructed by laminating a plurality of metal members each having a fluid path and branch. A fluid nozzle plate member provided by the invention has high sealing at a joined part, and high reliability even when used in high vacuum or at a high temperature. The fluid nozzle plate member comprises a plurality of plate-like metal members each having a fluid path and/or a branch. In this case, the plurality of plate-like metal members are laminated, and the laminated surfaces thereof are joined together by press forging.

Abstract: Engineers have found that use of a slot and tab method to assemble a fabrication assembly is limited to fabrication assemblies that will be subjected to relatively low stress. In order to expand the use of the slot and tab method to fabrication assemblies that are subjected to relatively higher stress, the present invention increases the fatigue resistance of a welded slot and tab joint. A fabrication assembly includes a first fabrication element including a perimetric inner surface defining a slot and a second fabrication element including a tab. The tab includes a shoulder that includes a perimetric side surface. The tab is cooperative with the slot to lock the first fabrication element to the second fabrication element. At least one of the perimetric inner surface and the perimetric side surface includes portions that are oriented to one another at an angle different than 0° and 90°.

Abstract: A weld between a tube yoke and a driveshaft tube can accommodate a greater amount of torsional shear stresses and, therefore, increase the load carrying capacity of a driveshaft assembly. The driveshaft assembly includes a yoke having a sleeve portion and a driveshaft tube having an end that extends about the sleeve portion of the yoke. The end of the tube is secured to the sleeve portion of the yoke by a weld having a shape that traverses multiple planes, such as a sinusoidal, saw-tooth, or square tooth shape. The weld occupies a greater area and, thus, has a greater surface contact between the sleeve portion of the yoke and the end of the driveshaft tube. The force vectors of the torsional shear stress sustained by the weld are in multiple planes. As a result, the force vectors of the torsional shear stress impinge the welds at different angles, and the weld has a greater load carrying capacity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular a refrigerant condenser, especially for a motor vehicle air-conditioning unit. The heat exchanger is comprised of a block of tubes and fins and of collecting tubes which are arranged on both sides and receive the ends of the tubes, and of a collector which is arranged parallel to a collecting tube. A method for manufacturing the heat exchanger is also disclosed.

Abstract: A structure and a method for coupling a protective net to a flexible tube, comprising shaping the flexible tube, wrapping the flexible tube with the meshed protective net made of stainless steel, and welding both ends of the flexible tube to both ends of the protective net. A solution heating process for the flexible tube and welding process for the flexible tube and the protective net are simultaneously carried out under the same condition in the same furnace. As a result, the protective net and the flexible tube are uniform in terms of physical properties. Furthermore, intergranular corrosion of stainless steel by inevitable stress generated upon welding a flexible tube and a protective net using any one of conventional methods, and crevice corrosion between a welding ring and a flexible tube, are prevented.

Abstract: Method of tying two or more components together using a fastener. Each component is provided with a hole and the components are placed so that the holes overlap one another in order to receive the fastener in the holes. The fastener is placed in the holes and mechanically pressure-loaded and heated in order to deform the fastener to tie the components together. The fastener is heated essentially only during the fastener deformation phase in order to minimize the heat transfer from the fastener to the components being tied.