Abstract: There is provided an ink-jet head including: first and second head chips each formed with two first nozzle arrays extending in a first direction, each of the first nozzle arrays including first nozzles corresponding to a first ink, second nozzles corresponding to a second ink, and third nozzles corresponding to a third ink; third and fourth head chips each formed with two third nozzle arrays extending in the first direction, each of the third nozzle arrays including fourth nozzles corresponding to the fourth ink. The first head chip to the fourth head chip are arranged in parallel in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction.

Abstract: A wafer-level pulling method includes securing a top holder to a plurality of chips; and securing a bottom holder to a wafer, wherein the plurality of chips are bonded to the wafer by a plurality of solder bumps. The wafer-level pulling method further includes softening the plurality of solder bumps; and stretching the plurality of softened solder bumps.

Abstract: A welding crane (1) for welding large structures is described. The welding crane (1) comprises a base part (2) which is arranged to be positioned on a ground (3), a mast (4) with a longitudinal axis (5). The mast (4) can be arranged in at least a first position in which the longitudinal axis (5) of the mast (4) extends substantially vertically from the base part (2). A boom (6) with a longitudinal axis (7) is arranged on the mast. The boom (6) can be arranged in at least a first position in which the longitudinal axis (7) of the boom (6) is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (5) of the mast (4). The boom (6) is arranged for receiving a welding head (13). The boom (6) is rotatable in relation to the mast (4) such that the boom (6) can be arranged in a second position in which the longitudinal axis (7) of the boom (6) is substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis (5) of the mast (4).

Abstract: A suggested welding crane for welding of objects comprises an arm, a stand and a welding head. The arm includes at least a first and a second segment, which are arranged with their length axes essentially parallelly and are telescopically movable along their length axes in relation to each other so that at least a first segment of said segments at least partly slides into at least a second segment of said segments. The welding head is arranged in a distal end of an outermost segment of the arm while an innermost segment of the arm is suspended in the stand. A linear guide is arranged on at least a first segment of said segments. A co-operating part of said at least one linear guide is arranged on at least a second segment of said segments, wherein the at least one linear guide is adapted to provide said telescopic movement.

Abstract: A conductive ball mounting apparatus and method for holding a conductive ball on the holding face, as has a suction port formed therein, of a holder head thereby to mount the held conductive ball, while interposing a flux therein, on a workpiece. After the end of the mounting action and before a next conductive ball is held, flux removing means for removing the flux adhered to the holding face is brought into abutment against the holding face of the holder head thereby to remove the flux from holding face.

Abstract: A process for aligning at least two layers in an abutting relationship with each other comprises forming a plurality of sprocket openings in each of the layers for receiving a sprocket of diminishing diameters as the sprocket extends outwardly from a base, with the center axes of the sprocket openings in each layer being substantially alignable with one another, the diameter of the sprocket openings in an abutting layer for first receiving the sprocket being greater than the diameter of the sprocket openings in an abutted layer. This is followed by forming a plurality of reservoir openings in each of at least two of the layers and positioning the sprocket openings in the layers to correspond with one another and the reservoir openings in the layers to correspond with one another so that substantial alignment of the center axes of the corresponding sprocket openings in the layers effects substantial alignment of the center axes of the corresponding reservoir openings in the layers.

Abstract: A tool for coating a heat-conducting medium on penetrating holes of heat-dissipating fins mainly includes a hollow pipe body. One end of the pipe body has an annular recessed portion. The upper and lower ends of the recessed portion are formed respectively with an annular guiding slope. Further, on the recessed portion, a plurality of outlet holes is distributed in a circumferential manner. A plurality of supporting pillars is formed between adjacent outlet holes. When the tool penetrates into the penetrating holes of the heat-dissipating fins, a user may apply an external force to the other end of the pipe body, so as to cause the heat-conducting medium within the pipe body to overflow via the outlet holes. The overflowing heat-conducting medium fills the annular recessed portion first.

Abstract: A semiconductor die having multiple solder bumps, each having a diameter less than about 100 microns, and the method for making such a die are described. The pitch between the solder bumps is less than 100 microns. A thermal solder jet apparatus is utilized to deposit solder material to form the solder bumps. The apparatus includes a print head having a plurality of solder ejection ports. Each ejection port has an associated gas ejection conduit connected to a chamber containing one or more hydride films for producing hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas is utilized to force the ejection of the solder material from the ejection port. A controller controls and choreographs the movements of the movable substrate and movable drive so as to accurately deposit material in desired locations on the semiconductor dies.

Abstract: A machine for determining the location of junction tubes along a header and automatically brazing them to the header. A chassis is employed to hold the junction tubes and header in the proper orientation. A carriage then travels along a line which is parallel to the central axis of the header. The carriage includes a sensor which is able to determine the exact position of the junction tubes. This positional information is stored in a controller. The carriage also includes a reciprocating pair of burners for heating the joint to be brazed. A pair of brazing wire feeders are included for feeding the brazing alloy alloy to the joint. A pyrometer is also included for measuring the temperature of the joint during the brazing process. In operation, the carriage slides along with the sensor measuring the position of each joint to be brazed. The burners and brazing alloy feeders are located in such a position on the carriage that the sensor precedes them in coming to each joint location.

Abstract: By using an application unit having: a storage chamber for a viscous material; a discharge hole, for the viscous material, provided so as to communicate with the storage chamber, where a viscous-material feeding device for feeding the viscous material to the storage chamber is coupled to the application unit; and a discharge-pressure adjusting device for imparting a discharge pressure to the viscous material stored in the storage chamber, a screen mask having openings corresponding to the application object or the application object itself and the discharge hole of the application unit are brought into contact with each other, either the application unit and the screen mask or the application unit and the application object are moved relative to each other while the discharge pressure is imparted to the viscous material in the storage chamber, and the viscous material is applied onto the application object while the storage chamber is replenished at all times with the viscous material by the viscous-material

Abstract: The method comprises introducing a tip (40) of a solid phase welding tool (126) between adjacent surfaces of a crack (132) formed in an aircraft skin. The tool (126) is then operated to produce a friction stir weld so as to weld the adjacent surfaces together and thereby repair the crack (132). Apparatus for performing the method comprises a base (50) having carriage (55) thereon, the arm (76) being pivotally mounted on the carriage (55) and supporting the friction stir welding tool (126). The position of an arm (76) can be adjusted by a screw (94) which drives the rotating tip (40) of friction stir welding tool (126) into the crack (132) to be repaired. The carriage (55) is then moved along the base (50) to draw the tip (40) along the crack. The apparatus is portable and is particularly useful for repairing a cracked skin on an aircraft.

Abstract: A boom control system having rotational and elevation control of the boom. The boom is utilized in a welding apparatus utilizing a conduit to deliver the welding material to the work piece. The elevation of the boom may be adjusted by discrete steps, with a positive method of retaining the boom at a desired elevation. The desired elevation is determined by the operator as that elevation which will keep the conduit or carrier from contacting the hard surface of the floor and the work piece. The rotation may be accomplished by any well known method such as a turntable on which the elevation mechanism is mounted.

Abstract: This invention is an apparatus for joining the ends of two cylindrical (i.e., pipe-shaped) sections together with a friction stir weld. The apparatus holds the two cylindrical sections together and provides back-side weld support as it makes a friction stir weld around the circumference of the joined ends.

Abstract: A tool (40) for imprinting a pattern in a has a handle (42). A stamp (44), connected to the handle (42), has a pattern (54) formed on a face (52) of the stamp (44). The face (52) of the stamp (44) forms a concave surface.

Abstract: A method of bonding wire between at least one pair of bond locations in a semiconductor device and the bonder. A conveyor is provided having a conveying surface for conveying in a predetermined direction a partially fabricated semiconductor device having first and second bonding locations. A first capillary is provided for forming a stitch bond to the first bonding location, the first capillary being disposed at an angle of about 45 degrees with respect to the predetermined direction and a line normal thereto and substantially parallel to the plane of the conveying surface. A stitch bond is formed on the first bonding location with the first capillary. The first capillary is at an angle of substantially 45 degrees with respect to a line normal to the plane of the conveying surface.

Abstract: A friction stir weld system for welding and weld repair has a base foundation unit connected to a hydraulically controlled elevation platform and a hydraulically adjustable pin tool. The base foundation unit may be fixably connected to a horizontal surface or may be connected to a mobile support in order to provide mobility to the friction stir welding system. The elevation platform may be utilized to raise and lower the adjustable pin tool about a particular axis. Additional components which may be necessary for the friction stir welding process include back plate tooling, fixturing and/or a roller mechanism.

Abstract: A friction-stir welding probe tip is disclosed which has right-handed threads on one portion of the probe and left-handed threads on another portion of the probe such that weld material is drawn to the middle of the weld as the friction-stir welding probe is rotated and passed along the joint region of the pieces to be joined. This probe tip is also fitted with a shoulder region for gripping by a rotation means.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bump bonding method that can prevent bumps from being inappropriately shaped.

Abstract: A method for welding horizontal pipe along the inner diameter of the pipe and outer diameter of the pipe to prevent weld root defects on the bottom half of the pipe.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing curved surfaces, in particular a pipe surface, using processing means which are guided over that surface at a distance thereabove by means of a guide to be pre-arranged on that surface, wherein the guide consists of a flexible body provided with two parallel edges witch extend some distance above the surface for processing, and a carrier for the processing means is provided with a follower system consisting of at least three follower members which are ordered in a triangle and which co-act with the edges, this such that the carrier follows the curved surface at a fixed distance during movement along the guide, whereby processing of the surface can be performed under uniform conditions which enhances precision and therefore quality.

Abstract: An apparatus for repairing curved grinding surfaces in bowl mill coal pulverizers by welding hardfacing material onto the grinding ring surface. The inventive apparatus includes novel guide structure imparting an arcuate motion to the welding torch as it traverses the grinding surface. In a preferred form a welding torch is pivotally mounted about an axis at or near the center of curvature of the grinding surface, pivoted along the circumference of the curved grinding surface to effect welding repairs. The pivotal positioning and motion of the welding torch assures a constant distance and angle relative to the grinding surface, and thus a strong, primary, non-overlapping weld bond across the entire width of the ring. In a preferred form the apparatus employs dual, independently adjustable, simultaneously indexed torch heads.

Abstract: A stir friction welding tool with a variable length pin relative to the shank of the tool is disclosed. The pin is moveable from a totally retracted position relative to the shank such that the shank may engage a workpiece without the pin engaging the workpiece. The pin then may be slowly extended into the work piece. The stir friction welding tool may also have a variable diameter shank to provide a variable volume cavity. Then as the pin is extended further into the workpiece the variable width shank can expand to increase the circumference of the shoulder and the volume of the cavity in the shank such that the pin length to cavity volume are within a range to insure a good surface material flow and a high weld quality using the stir friction welding process.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus and method for wire splicing using an explosive joining process. The apparatus consists of a prebend, U-shaped strap of metal that slides over prepositioned wires. A standoff means separates the wires from the strap before joining. An adhesive means holds two ribbon explosives in position centered over the U-shaped strap. A detonating means connects to the ribbon explosives. The process involves spreading strands of each wire to be joined into a flat plane. The process then requires alternating each strand in alignment to form a mesh-like arrangement with an overlapped area. The strap slides over the strands of the wires, and the standoff means is positioned between the two surfaces. The detonating means then initiates the ribbon explosives that drive the strap to accomplish a high velocity, angular collision between the mating surfaces. This collision creates surface melts and collision bonding resulting in electron-sharing linkups.

Abstract: A method, oven, and device for heating a strip-shaped carrier in an oven, which carrier is passed through the oven by a transport device, while the oven is displaced in a direction opposed to the transport direction when a malfunction is detected in the supply or removal of the strip-shaped carrier.

Abstract: The method comprises explosively bonding a NiTi alloy to a steel workpiece formed in the shape of at least a portion of a desired hydraulic device. The nickel content of the NiTi alloy is sufficient to place the alloy substantially completely in the .beta. phase at or about room temperature. This nickel content is typically between about 55 weight percent to about 56 weight percent. The NiTi alloy is provided in the form of a strip having a thickness of from about 0.01 inch (0.25 mm) to about 1.0 inch (25 mm). After annealing, the NiTi alloy again is heated, to increase the ductility of the NiTi alloy. The NiTi alloy typically is maintained at this temperature and explosively bonded to the workpiece to cover at least a portion of the surface area with the NiTi alloy. The present invention also includes NiTi-metal composites made according to the process of the present invention. These NiTi-metal composites are superior for resisting cavitation erosion and LDE when compared to conventional materials.

Abstract: A method of cladding an outer tube (1) with an inner tube (2), wherein the inner tube is made of a corrosion-resistant material, for instance. The inventive is characterized by placing a number of explosive charges (3) in mutually spaced arrangement in the inner tube (2), in contact with or essentially in contact with the inner surface of the inner tube; filling the inner tube with a pressure-transmitting medium (4), preferably water; and detonating all explosive charges (3) simultaneously, so as to obtain a local metallurgical bond (6) at the regions of the explosive charges and so as to cause the inner tube (2) to expand into abutment with the outer tube (1).

Abstract: In explosion welding to join abutting pipes it is proposed that the external support comprise an annular member made of concrete or similar material.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus and method for wire splicing using an explosive joining process. The apparatus consists of a prebent, U-shaped strap of metal that slides over prepositioned wires. A standoff means separates the wires from the strap before joining. An adhesive means holds two ribbon explosives in position centered over the U-shaped strap. A detonating means connects to the ribbon explosives. The process involves spreading strands of each wire to be joined into a flat plane. The process then requires alternating each strand in alignment to form a mesh-like arrangement with an overlapped area. The strap slides over the strands of the wires, and the standoff means is positioned between the two surfaces. The detonating means then initiates the ribbon explosives that drive the strap to accomplish a high velocity, angular collision between the mating surfaces. This collision creates surface melts and collision bonding results in electron-sharing linkups.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus and a process for the explosive joining of a flyer plate and a base plate. The apparatus consists of a flyer plate positioned over a base plate. The flyer plate has a notch containing a filler material in intimate contact with the flyer plate. An adhesive means holds a ribbon explosive partially overlapping the notch in the flyer plate. A detonating means initiates the ribbon explosive that drives the flyer plate to accomplish a high velocity, angular collision between the mating surfaces. This collision creates surface melts and effacing bonding, resulting in electron-sharing linkups between the plates. An unbonded tab of the flyer plate is lifted and levered to apply a peeling stress to the limit of the bond. The unbonded tab fractures at a base of the notch leaving a bond to an edge of the attached flyer plate.

Abstract: A sleeve containing an explosive charge which is explosively welded along a tapered end to the inner surface of a tube for repairing a damaged section of the tube. No mechanical support is needed along the outer surface of the tube despite the explosive expansion and welding of the sleeve. The explosive charge is tapered at the end of the sleeve. A charge assembly for carrying the explosive charge includes a flange for centering the sleeve in the tube and for establishing a stand-off distance between the sleeve and the tube.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of effecting a single joint between two pipes of the pipe-line type by means of explosion welding, without the pipes being displaced in axial direction. This is achieved by moving an inner peripheral body (9) for welding between the pipe sections, to the joining point with the aid of a displacement unit expandable in axial direction.

Abstract: Shock wave formation of thin layers of materials with improved superconducting and permanent magnetic properties and improved microstructures.The material fabrication system includes a sandwiched structure including a powder material placed between two solid members to enable explosive shock consolidation. The two solid members are precooled to about 80.degree.-100.degree. K. to reduce the residual temperatures attained as a result of the shock wave treatment, and thereby increase the quench rate of the consolidated powder.

Abstract: A method of explosively bonding metal plates into a multi-laminar composite plate wherein the metal plates are assembled over a restraining means, e.g. an anvil, in overlapping spaced-apart relationship, a driver plate having a mass of at least the total mass of the plates to be bonded is disposed over the top plate of the assembly at a stand-off distance of at least half its thickness, a buffer layer of granular inert material is disposed between the driver plate and the top plate, and an explosive layer is placed on the driver plate and detonated in the direction parallel to the driver plate. The number of plates which can be bonded in a single operation can be increased by placing an explosive layer driver plate and a layer of granular inert material symmetrically on each side of an assembly of metal plates and detonating each explosive charge simultaneously. The method produces multi-laminar composite plates having improved uniformity of bond quality at the interfaces.

Abstract: A device for use in explosive welding of two overlapping tubular or annular elements (1, 2) by an explosive charge (3). The explosive charge (3) is located in the hold of the one element (1) in front of the overlapping portion of the other element (2). The elements (1, 2) are surrounded by an annular dolly comprising a plurality of segments (4) which are individually radially movable and associated with braking means. Each segment (4) is provided with a plurality of frictional surfaces (5, 6, 7, 8) which extend radially relative to the dolly and are adjustably forcable against opposed frictional surfaces on a supporting means (9), which bridges the dolly. A device according to the invention absorbs energy efficiently and can be re-used several times without requiring adjustment or replacement of parts incorporated therein.

Abstract: An automatic build-up welding machine for repair of workpieces such as track rollers. The machine requires no operator in charge during the welding operation. The apparatus comprises a device including a pair of guides, and a switch box connected adjustably in position to a welding torch, the switch box housing therein a pair of limit switches for reversing motion of the torch and a swing lever positioned between the limit switches. The apparatus controls the travel of the torch by varying half-cycles of the reciprocable travel thereof.

Abstract: A method of explosion welding very thin plastic foil to a thicker base material. By fastening a soft material of low acoustic velocity in position on the metal foil prior to carrying out a welding operation, the pressure differences which prevail in the pressure wave incident on the metal foil are equalized in a manner to maintain a uniform pressure wave during the welding sequence. The inventive method enables the explosion welding of thin metal layers having a thickness as low as some few microns.

Abstract: A supporting element is firmly attachable to a structure by detonating an explosive charge which is placed behind a body projection displaceable by an explosion of the charge to and into firm bond with the structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for welding different materials. An adapted quantity of additive material in the form of particles (3) is accelerated with the aid of an explosive charge (1) and a propulsion element (2) to a high velocity down into a joint space (8), where the particles collide with the workpieces (4, 5) and bond thereto and to themselves.

Abstract: A device for alignment of cylindrical workpieces for magnetic-discharge welding is provided with external and internal aligning sleeves (2,3) installed in an induction heater (1) coaxially and overlapping each other; the external aligning sleeve (2) is made of a non-polarizable dielectric material and features a ledge (4) on the outer surface thereof so that it can be locked by one of the aligning disks (5); the internal aligning sleeve (3) is made of a non-magnetic material having low conductivity and provided, on the inner surface thereof, with step-like shaped through slots (7) and, on the outer surface thereof, with a ledge (6) limiting the depth to which the sleeve (3) can be introduced into the external aligning sleeve (2); the internal aligning sleeve (3) is locked in relation to the induction heater (1) by means of a second aligning disk (10) contiguous to the ledge (6).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for building an axially symmetrical workpiece of desired geometry by deposit welding which uses a translatable welding head for depositing molten weld material and a rotatable, reusable shoe which translates with the welding head. The rotatable, reusable shoe forms, supports and cools the deposited molten weld material puddle while the weld material is solidifying thereby eliminating the need for a conventional preform.

Abstract: An improved method is described for metallurgically bonding a composite metal plate (from which structural transition joints may be cut) wherein an outer layer and a metal interlayer of a different composition are propelled towards a metal base layer by means of the detonation of a layer of explosive disposed adjacent to the outer surface of the outer layer. The interlayer is only 0.25 to 4 mm thick and it is initially disposed at a stand-off distance from the base layer not exceeding 6 mm or 8 times the interlayer thickness. The outer layer has a mass of at least twice the mass of the interlayer and it is initially separated from the interlayer by a stand-off distance which is 0.5 to 10 times the thickness of the outer layer and is at least 3 times the distance between the base layer and the interlayer.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for fabricating plate web girders of the ind comprising two flanges spaced apart by a web. The apparatus comprises a plurality of welding devices each mounted on respective spaced apart guides to follow a respective portion of a welding path defined by the intersection of the web and a flange and an arrangement to move the girder longitudinally relative to the welding devices at a substantially constant rate. The guides bear against the web adjacent the respective welding paths and against the flange to maintain the welding devices at predetermined distances from the web and flange respectively. The apparatus can also include a member to follow the corrugations of a corrugated web and operate limit switching devices when the crests and troughs of each corrugation are encountered. The limit switches operate a modulating motor which adjusts the welding device to maintain the welding angle between the welding path and welding device substantially constant for each point along the path.

Abstract: An improved method for the explosive expansion and welding of tubes to tube sheet includes trepanning the rear face of the tube sheet to form integral collars around each tube-receiving bore in the tube sheet. The collars prevent accumulation of corrosive material in a gap between the tube and tube sheet bore, and provide support to the tube wall when the tube is explosively expanded beyond the region of the tube surrounded by the collar.

Abstract: When joining together pipe-lines, in particular, by means of explosive welding, an outer support tool is generally used, together with an inner peripheral body (3) which is applied by means of explosives (5), to the inner surfaces of the pipes (1 and 2) to be joined. The object of the invention is to replace the support tool by a tube formed from a strip (10), said tube functioning as support during the explosive welding process and which can be removed if desired, by unwinding.

Abstract: The invention is a tool and process to be used in explosive joining of tubes. The tool consists of an initiator 81, a tool form 82 and a ribbon explosive 25. The assembled tool 80 is a compact, storable and safe device suitable for explosive joining of small, lightweight tubes down to 0.20 inch in diameter. The invention is inserted into a tube 51 to be welded which tube has itself been inserted into either another tube 52 or a tube plate. A shim or standoff between the two surfaces to be welded is necessary. Initiation of the explosive inside the tube results in a high velocity, angular collision between the mating surfaces. This collision creates surface melts and collision bonding wherein electron-sharing linkups are formed.

Abstract: Apparatus for expanding a tube into a bore formed in a tube sheet in which a tubular force-transmitting member extends within the tube coextensive with the portion of the tube to be expanded. An explosive is disposed in the bore of the force-transmitting member, so that the forces resulting from the explosion of the explosive are uniformly transferred by the force-transmitting member to expand the tube into the bore. A tubular barrier member extends between the force-transmitting member and the tube and has a portion projecting from the tube sheet, and a plug is disposed in the end of the projecting portion of the barrier member to contain the debris and gases resulting from the explosion.

Abstract: Sealing and cracking problems occur when joining coarse-caliber pipes (1 and 2) for oil or gas, for instance, by means of welding. The problem is solved by using an outer peripheral part (3) and an inner peripheral part (4) at the joint, and applying the latter part (4) by means of explosive welding. At the same time, the outer peripheral part (3) forms a firm joint, due to the action of the explosive welding.

Abstract: An automatic welding apparatus for forming a circular bead along a circumference of a first workpiece at its junction with a second workpiece in order to weld the former to the latter, comprising a turntable, clamp members for clamping the second workpiece to the turntable, a torch holder for holding a welding torch in an adjusted position, a torch positioner which is engageable with the first workpiece, for maintaining a constant relative positional relationship between the welding torch and the first workpiece, a positioner guide mechanism for supporting and guiding the torch positioner to a desired position in a plane extending in parallel relationship with respect to a surface plane of the turntable, and the torch holder being restricted from rotating.

Abstract: A fixture for explosively welding a tube to a tubesheet in which a plug extends within a cup which in turn is inserted into a fixture tube. A first explosive extends within the chamber defined by the cup and the plug and a second explosive extends within a bore defined within the plug. The sensitivity of the second explosive is greater than that of the first explosive so that, upon detonation by an externally actuated elongated detonation member, sequential detonation of the second explosive and the first explosive occurs.

Abstract: Explosion welding is used for splicing thick pipes (1 and 2) or the transport of oil and gas. A plating ring (4) and its explosive (7) are located inside the pipes, and a support (12 and 13) surrounding the two pipes (1 and 2) in order to limit the deformation occurring in the pipes (1 and 2) during the actual welding process. Since the pipes (1 and 2) are deformed, the support (12 and 13) will also be deformed. To enable repeated used of the support (12 and 13), the section (20) thereof which is subjected to the deformation is replaced by an elastomeric material.