Abstract: There is provided an aerosol generating system configured to heat an aerosol-forming substrate, the system including an aerosol generating device and a cartridge, a vaporizer configured to heat the aerosol-forming substrate to form an aerosol, at least one air inlet and at least one air outlet. The air inlet and the air outlet are arranged so as to define an air flow route between the air inlet and the air outlet. The aerosol generating system further includes a flow control configured to adjust a size of the at least one air inlet, so as to control an air flow speed in the air flow route.

Abstract: A humidity generator and method for setting operating parameters of the humidity generator to controllably generate humidity levels below 100% and greater than 100%.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bubbler assembly. The bubbler assembly includes a vessel configured to contain a liquid source material and its vapor. It also includes a carrier gas supply line, a downstream end of which discharges in a lower portion of the vessel, and a gas outlet line, an upstream end of which is in fluid communication with an upper portion of the vessel. The gas outlet line includes a constriction. The bubbler assembly further includes a pressurizing gas supply line, a downstream end of which discharges in either the upper portion of the vessel or in the gas outlet line at a point upstream of the constriction.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for handling gases, the apparatus comprising an inlet gas duct (2) leading said gas to a bubbling tank (21), and a gas buffer drum (3) opening into the tank (21) via perforations formed on a plate (3a) of the drum (3), and a suction duct (5) submerged in gas handling liquid (7) situated in the tank (21), and having a gas outlet duct (8) connected into the gas room (3b) of the tank (21). Said perforations formed on the plate (3a) of the drum (3) are shaped as nozzles (4) having a blow direction (J) inclined by an acute angle relating to the plate (3a). The apparatus further comprising a valve (31) for draining the liquid (7) and a turbine house (22) divided into two chambers (22a, 22b) by a plate (27), the first chamber (22a) housing an air turbine (43) driven by a liquid turbine (23) housed in the second chamber (22b) and operated by a liquid jet nozzle (26).

Abstract: The position of a movable downhole component such as a sleeve in a choke valve is monitored and determined using an array of sensors, preferably Hall Effect sensors that measure the strength of a magnetic field from a magnet that travels with the sleeve. The sensors measure the field strength and output a voltage related to the strength of the field that is detected. A plurality of sensors, with readings, transmits signals to a microprocessor to compute the magnet position directly. The sensors are in the tool body and are not mechanically coupled to the sleeve. The longitudinal position of the sleeve is directly computed using less than all available sensors to facilitate the speed of transmission of data and computation of actual position using known mathematical techniques.

Abstract: A bathroom sauna device having a heating device for heating air in a bathroom, a humidifying device for humidifying the air in the bathroom, and an airflow path for sending the air, which is adjusted in temperature and humidity by the heating device and humidifying device, to the bathroom. The temperature and humidity of the air in the bathroom are controlled by the heating device and humidifying device to a temperature and humidity immediately before which a human body starts sweating.

Abstract: The disclosure relates generally to steam humidifiers with an auto-cleaning feature, and more particularly, to steam humidifiers that include an auto-cleaning feature for automatically cleaning impurities and/or other byproducts from the steam humidifier while still operating the humidifier in a relatively efficient manner. In some illustrative embodiment, this may be accomplished by providing some level of flexibility of when an auto-cleaning routine is initiated and performed. For example, tank flushing may be initiated and performed preferentially during non-heating states of the steam humidifier, which may potentially decrease down time and increase attainable output capacity and efficiency of the steam humidifier.

Abstract: A steam humidifier provided by the present invention has a tank having a reservoir section and a cover removably and sealingly secured thereto. The tank contains water during a humidifying operation in which the humidifier humidifies an indoor environment. The cover has a heating element mounted thereon and extending therefrom into the reservoir section and a steam outlet assembly mounted thereon and extending therethrough into the tank. The heating element evaporates at least a portion of the water during the humidifying operation into steam output through the steam outlet assembly to humidify the indoor environment.

Abstract: A conversion system for a gasoline engine based generator enables the use of heavier fuels. A vertically disposed vortex separation chamber includes an inlet proximate the bottom of the chamber and tangential to the longitudinal axis of the chamber for delivering to the chamber partially vaporized fuel in an air-fuel mixture from a carburetor associated with the engine. An outlet proximate the top of the chamber also tangential to the longitudinal axis of the chamber for delivering vaporized fuel from the chamber to the engine. An electric heater is in communication with the bottom of the chamber for heating the chamber wall to vaporize any fuel thereon so vaporized fuel is reintroduced in swirling air-fuel mixture in the chamber. A battery source charged by the generator provides power to the electric heater. A jacket is disposed about and spaced from the chamber wall creating an annulus between the jacket and the chamber wall.

Abstract: A system and method for managing water content in a fluid include a collection chamber for collecting water from the fluid with a desiccant, and a regeneration chamber for collecting water from the desiccant and transferring it to a second fluid. An evaporator cools the desiccant entering the collection chamber, and a condenser heats the desiccant entering the regeneration chamber. Diluted desiccant from the collection chamber is exchanged with concentrated desiccant from the regeneration chamber in such a way as to efficiently control the transfer of both mass and heat between the chambers. In one embodiment, mass is not exchanged until one or both of the desiccant levels in the chambers exceeds a predetermined level. Heat is transferred between the two desiccant flows as they are transferred between the chambers. This increases efficiency and reduces the energy input required for the evaporator and the condenser.

Abstract: Breathing assistance apparatus including humidifier (4) and heated conduit (6) adapted to deliver humidified gases at desired and accurate level of humidity to patient. Humidifier includes controller (18) that delivers flow rate, temperature and humidity of gases and then determines required power input to deliver gases as required. Need for external sensors is dispensed with providing simple and less bulky apparatus.

Abstract: A method and system of near saturation gas humidification by mixing a steam and a gas flow is disclosed. The steam is generated with a heating device at a controlled rate from a liquid contained in a vessel near the point of use of the humidified gas. The controlled rate results from a feedback loop that controllably heats the liquid while measuring the steam temperature and maintaining it around a set point. The humidification delivery rate is adjustable by adjusting the temperature set point and/or the gas pressure. Undesirable components from the humidified gas are removed with an in-line filter after its point of generation. Condensation from the humidified gas before its point of use is removed with a drain pipe in combination with a drain valve triggered by a condensation level sensor.

Abstract: A steam humidifier for use with a forced air heating system includes a steam nozzle mounted in the plenum of the heating system and connected to a water feed line connected to a continuous pressurized water source. The water feed line is made of a thermal conducting material and is coiled about a heating element wherein the heating element and conductive coil are substantially surrounded by an insulation barrier. The water feed line is controlled by a solenoid operated valve that will be activated only when the heater is on and a humidistat detects that humidity is required by the area being serviced by the forced hot air system.

Abstract: In an air feeder for supplying air with a predetermined temperature and humidity into a cup in a resist coating unit provided in a coating and developing system, a cooling section, a by-pass, a heating section, a humidifying section, and a blower are provided. 55% of introduced air is cooled in the cooling section, 45% of the introduced air passes through the by-pass, and mixed air of the cooled air and the air from the by-pass is heated in the heating section and humidified in the humidifying section, thereby enabling energy-saving and space-saving temperature and humidity control.

Abstract: An improved breathing gas humidifier including an evaporation module which has a contact chamber and a flash-resistant heat exchanger, a wicking layer on the heat exchanger, a liquid water flow controller, an electric resistance heater, and a breathing gas temperature controller. The contact chamber is defined by a rigid housing and in part by a flash-resistant heat exchanger. The rigid housing has a gas inlet for connection to a breathing gas source such as a ventilator, a water inlet for connection to a liquid water source by a liquid water flow passageway, and a breathing gas outlet connected to an inhalation passageway. The wicking layer is positioned in the contact chamber to receive and distribute liquid water. The breathing gas temperature controller is operably connected to the flow controller, the heater, and a temperature sensor in the breathing gas outlet.

Abstract: A fluid mixing apparatus for mixing a first fluid with a second fluid and to prevent acoustic hammer effects, utilizing a condensing tube array. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a direct steam injection process heater is provided, having a first body for introducing a first fluid, generally a liquid or slurry, a second body for introducing a second fluid, generally steam, an orifice plate disposed between the two bodies, and a valve member for movement to and away from the orifice plate. The orifice plate has a plurality of frusto-conical holes which are engaged preferably by an equal number of complementary-configured, conically-tipped pins mounted onto the valve member. An actuator moves the valve member relative to the orifice plate such that the pins penetrate and partially or wholly obscure the holes, thus regulating the flow of the second fluid through the holes.

Abstract: A cross-flow type cooling tower comprises a cooling tower main body, a water tank placed at the upper part of the main body, a plurality of closed type heat exchanging units arranged in the main body in substantially horizontal manner and in parallel to each other in multi-stage below the water tank, a supplying header placed near an air discharge opening of the main body, which is detachably connectable to supplying ports of the heat exchanging units, a discharge header placed near an air intake opening of the main body, which is detachably connectable to discharge ports of the heat exchanging units, wherein the water tank is divided into a first water receiving part near the air intake opening and a second water receiving part near the air discharge opening by way of a partition wall, and a switching valve is provided at at least a water feeding pipe to the second water receiving part.

Abstract: An air conditioning system is disclosed for adjusting air temperature and humidity to a predetermined level for the air supply to a paint spray booth. The system includes a multi-section sprayed surface heat exchanger combined with a bypass passage such that a portion of the air flow to be conditioned passes through the multi-section heat exchanger and the remainder of the flow bypasses the same, and is recombined and mixed downstream with the conditioned air to produce a mixture which is at the proper dry bulb temperature and relative humidity. Each multi-section heat exchanger may be shut off to increase the proportion of bypass flow. Modulation of the cooling and heating effect of each of the heat exchangers is achieved by modulating valving controlling the flow of heating or cooling medium. Similarly, the humidification effect is controlled by valving controlling a number of water spray nozzles.

Abstract: A humidifier for conditioning fluid for delivery to a test chamber, such as an incubator, includes means for automatically regulating the quantity, level and temperature of a body of water through which mixed gases, such as air and CO.sub.2, are bubbled to entrain moisture in the gases. The water is heated to below its boiling point. The relative humidity of the saturated mixture delivered to the test chamber is usually at least 90% at temperatures between about 30.degree. - 60.degree.C.