Abstract: A multi-ignition coil control system includes a spark plug including first and second center electrodes, and first and second ground electrodes spaced apart from the center electrodes by a predetermined distance, a first ignition coil including a primary coil, and a secondary coil in which a discharge current is generated by electromagnetic induction with the primary coil, and a second ignition coil including a primary coil, and a secondary coil in which a discharge current is generated by electromagnetic induction with the primary coil, wherein one end of the secondary coil of the first ignition coil and one end of the secondary coil of the second ignition coil are electrically connected to one of the center electrodes, and the other end of the secondary coil of the first ignition coil and the other end of the secondary coil of the second ignition coil are electrically connected to the other of the center electrodes.

Abstract: LEDs are considered to be point light sources. Visible light provided by one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs) is passed through a light diffuser. The LEDs and diffuser are mounted inside a transparent or light-transmissive non-evacuated envelope and bulb. The light emitted from the bulb appears to originate from a filament used in conventional light bulbs rather than from a point light source.

Abstract: There provided is an electron beam apparatus of preventing surface creeping discharge from newly arising due to discharge that arises between an anode electrode and an electron-emitting device. In an electron-emitting device including a scan signal device electrode and an information signal device electrode, a portion of the scan signal device electrode is covered by an insulating layer of insulating scan signal wiring from information signal wiring, an additional electrode is connected to the scan signal device electrode at an end portion of the insulating layer and the additional electrode is configured so that energy Ee being lost due to melting of the additional electrode is larger than energy Ea of discharge current flowing in to the electron-emitting device.

Abstract: This invention provides an arrangement for alleviating the electric charge of members apt to be electrically charged such as spacers used in an electron beam apparatus by arranging a high resistance film thereon. Particularly, the low resistance layer arranged at each of the members is covered by a high resistance film to suppress any electric discharges.

Abstract: Bradbury-Nielson gates for the modulation of beams of charged particles, particularly ion beams in mass spectrometry, have been produced with an adjustable wire spacing down to 0.075 mm or a smaller spacing. The gates are robust, they can be fabricated in less than 3 hours, and the method of production is reproducible. In time-of-flight mass spectrometers, fine wire spacing leads to improvements in mass resolution and modulation rates. Gates that were produced using this new method have been installed in a Hadamard transform time-of-flight mass spectrometer in order to demonstrate their utility.

Abstract: A portable lamp with adjustment device to obtain different emitted light cones includes a light source received within a concave reflector. The light source includes at least two separately switchable incandescent filaments operatively connected to a power source, which are arranged within the light source to generate a desired light cone. By way of example, according to the invention, a filament intended to generate a small angled light cone, i.e. for far distance illumination, draws greater power from the power source than a filament intended to generate a wide angled light cone. To this end, each of the filaments has different illuminous efficiencies. An additional laser light source, electronic flash unit controlled by the light source may also be provided.

Abstract: A high reliability portable incandescent illumination system for use in applications which require a reliable, high output light source such as heliport markers, runway lights, warning lights, road hazard and obstruction lights. The required elements of the invention are a battery to provide an energy source, a DC/DC converter to step up the battery voltage to a level required to drive a high output light source. The DC/DC converter is driven by a controller which generates a pulse stream to the DC/DC converter based upon inputs from a soft start circuit, a filament temperature sensor, an optical spectrum sensor, a power sensor and a filament break sensor. The optical spectrum sensor is coupled to the light source by a fiber optical element. An improvement in results in the performance of portable beacons by using high voltage lamps with low voltage batteries via voltage step-up electronics.

Abstract: An improved ion source is provided with multiple filaments and wiring for selectively connecting various combinations of filaments to a current source. In one embodiment an additional filament is a spare filament which is connected to the current source when the primary filament burns out. This decreases down time due to filament replacement. In another embodiment, an additional filament operates simultaneously with a primary filament to provide a more homogenous electron cloud and to increase filament life.

Abstract: A multi-filament fluorescent lamp construction (10) having a plurality of filament members (40) disposed on opposite ends of the lamp (10) wherein each of the filaments (40) is provided with a filament stud element (42) and a rotary switch unit (15) operatively associated with a rotary contact unit (13) to bring a contact spring element (32) into sequential electrical contact with the filament stud elements (42) so as to switch the flow of electricity from a dead filament member (40) to a live filament member (40).