Abstract: A system comprising a controllable alternating current power source; an active rectifier coupled to the controllable alternating current power source and configured to rectify an output of the controllable alternating current power source to supply a direct current to a load; and a controller configured to adjust at least one of a parameter of the controllable alternating current power source and a parameter of the active rectifier in response to a target output.

Abstract: A control device for controlling an electric motor vehicle drive having an electric drive, a first fuel-cell-based energy source, and a second fuel-cell-free energy source, has a human-machine interface for detecting a user input for selecting an operating mode for the motor vehicle drive and a control unit. The control unit is configured to receive a selection signal from the human-machine interface indicating a user input for selecting an operating mode for the motor vehicle drive and to control the motor vehicle drive in accordance with the selection signal to transfer the same into a first operating mode in which the first energy source is operated to supply the electric drive with electrical energy or to transfer the same into a second operating mode in which the first energy source is deactivated and in which the second energy source is operated to supply the electric drive with electrical energy.

Abstract: A generator drive system for the generator (3) of an internal combustion engine (1), including a flexible drive having a traction mechanism (5) which is guided across a generator pulley (6) driving the generator (3). The generator (3) is configured and electrically wired such that the generator (3) can be temporarily driven as a motor, and the generator (3) is coupled to the generator pulley (6) or the crankshaft pulley (7) is coupled to the crankshaft (8) via an overrunning clutch (4) which allows the generator (3), when operated as a motor, running faster than the generator pulley (6) or, taking into consideration a gear ratio, the crankshaft (8).

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for simultaneously measuring the rotational speed and/or direction of a shaft, and providing control power in accordance with the shaft rotation. The apparatus includes a permanent magnet machine (PMM) having a multipole rotor and a stator. The rotor has a plurality of permanent magnet poles and connection to the rotating shaft; the stator includes a winding and electrical connections, so that motion of the rotor with respect to the stator causes a voltage signal at the electrical connections. The apparatus also includes a circuit including a power conversion portion and a speed/direction sensing portion. The circuit receives the voltage signal from the PMM, and simultaneously outputs control power from the power conversion portion and a signal indicating the rotational speed and/or direction of the shaft from the sensing portion.

Abstract: An assembly including an electric generator and a steam turbine and an excitation device is provided. The excitation device is designed such that during nominal operation the auxiliary excitation machine is designed as permanently excited synchronous machine and the auxiliary excitation machine is designed as a synchronous motor or turning gear motor in a turning gear operation.

Abstract: A vehicle drive mechanism includes a power transmission mechanism which has a rotary electric motor and a gear mechanism for transmitting mechanical power from the rotary electric motor to a drive shaft disposed coaxially with an output shaft of the rotary electric motor, and a control unit formed of a plurality of elements and controlling an operation of the rotary electric motor. At least one of the elements which constitute the control unit is disposed on a periphery of at least one of the rotary electric motor, the drive shaft, and the gear mechanism.

Abstract: A method of switching the operating voltage of a portable generator system includes operating an electrical generator to produce a first electrical signal and connecting a terminal assembly to the electrical generator. The terminal assembly is arranged in a first arrangement to output a second electrical signal at a first voltage. The method also includes operating an auxiliary system in response to the second electrical signal at the first voltage, re-arranging the terminal assembly in a second arrangement to output the second electrical signal at a second voltage, and actuating a switch with a portion of the terminal assembly when the terminal assembly is in the second arrangement. The method further includes re-configuring the auxiliary system in response to the actuation of the switch such that the auxiliary system operates in response to the second electrical signal at the second voltage.

Abstract: An automotive rotary electrical apparatus with less than four switching control elements capable of blocking a field current while preventing breakage of the switching control elements in response to a malfunction in a feeder circuit for a field coil is proposed. First and second switching control elements controlled by first and second control signals, and first and second diode elements are used. The field control circuit switches the first control signal to the on-level signal while keeping the second control signal as the on-level signal, then switches the second control signal to the off-level signal while keeping the first control signal as the on-level signal, and further switches the first control signal to the off-level signal while keeping the second control signal to the off-level signal, when a short-to-power malfunction of the positive terminal or a short-circuit malfunction of the first switching control element occurs in the feeder circuit for the field coil.

Abstract: A failure detection apparatus for an alternator can detect a short circuit failure of a diode in a full-wave rectifier with high precision by use of a simple circuit structure based on the state of a detection terminal when the alternator generates no electricity. The rectifier circuit has a pair of diodes connected to a positive terminal and a negative terminal, respectively, of a battery. A failure detection circuit has the detection terminal connected to a P terminal or a neutral point of an armature coil, and makes a failure determination in the following manner. When in the non-power generation state of the armature coil, the detection terminal is in a floating or high impedance state, the full-wave rectifier circuit is determined to be normal, whereas when otherwise, the full-wave rectifier circuit is determined to be in a failure.

Abstract: A generator controller for controlling a permanent magnet generator where each phase of the generator is connectable to a DC link via electrically controllable switches, the controller characterized by a data processor adapted to receive a measurement of generator current output and a demand current, and to form a current error between the demanded value and the measured generator current; derive a target voltage as a function of the current error; and form control signals for the electrically controllable switches as a function of the target voltage.

Abstract: The bicycle lighting system includes a primary lighting circuit and at least one electrically operated component connected in parallel to a rectifying circuit that receives electricity from a hub dynamo. The electrically operated component can be a supplemental lighting circuit, an electric transmission component and/or a tail lamp. The lighting system includes a rectifying circuit configured and arranged to rectify electricity generated by a hub dynamo. The primary lighting circuit has at least one first light emitting diode that is configured and arranged to always receive electricity outputted from the rectifying circuit.

Abstract: An engine speed detector detects an engine speed of an engine having a baseline torque versus engine speed curve. A torque sensor detects an engine torque of the engine. A data processor determines if the detected engine speed is within a first speed range and if the detected engine torque is within a first torque range. A motor controller activates an electric motor to rotate substantially synchronously with a corresponding engine speed associated with the detected engine torque in an electric propulsion mode in accordance with a supplemental torque versus engine speed curve if the detected engine speed is within the first speed range and if the detected engine torque is within the first torque range. The supplemental torque versus engine speed curve intercepts the baseline torque versus engine speed curve at a lower speed point and a higher speed point.

Abstract: A solid state reversing DC motor starter that is testable on-line and satisfies the requirements for nuclear safety grade equipment. The motor starter employs a bridge of solid state switches which connect the polarity of the motor winding to conform to the desired direction of travel. The reversing switch bridge is in series with the main switch that is coupled in parallel with a reduced current by-pass flow path.

Abstract: An oscillating beam imparts rotation to a shaft that turns an electrical generator. The beam may be the walking beam of a pump jack, whereas the shaft may be part of a crank having a journal that is offset from the shaft, with one end of the beam being connected to the journal of the crank.

Abstract: A system for storing and recovering energy associated with a machine having ground engaging tracks is disclosed. The system includes a power source configured to supply mechanical energy for operation of the machine, and an electric generator operably coupled to the power source. The electric generator is configured to convert at least a portion of the mechanical energy into electric energy. The system further includes an electric motor operably coupled to the electric generator. The electric motor is configured to supply power to the ground engaging tracks. The system includes an energy storage device configured to store energy associated with the machine, and a controller configured to divert a portion of the energy supplied by the power source to the energy storage device while the machine travels in a first direction, and recover energy stored in the energy storage device for use while the machine travels in a second direction.

Abstract: A solid state reversing DC motor starter that is testable on-line and satisfies the requirements for nuclear safety grade equipment. The motor starter employs a bridge of solid state switches which connect the polarity of the motor winding to conform to the desired direction of travel. The reversing switch bridge is in series with the main switch that is coupled in parallel with a reduced current by-pass flow path.

Abstract: A generator controller for controlling a permanent magnet generator where each phase of the generator is connectable to a DC link via electrically controllable switches, the controller characterised by a data processor adapted to receive a measurement of generator current output and a demand current, and to form a current error between the demanded value and the measured generator current; derive a target voltage as a function of the current error; and form control signals for the electrically controllable switches as a function of the target voltage.

Abstract: An engine speed detector detects an engine speed of an engine having a baseline torque versus engine speed curve. A torque sensor detects an engine torque of the engine. A data processor determines if the detected engine speed is within a first speed range and if the detected engine torque is within a first torque range. A motor controller activates an electric motor to rotate substantially synchronously with a corresponding engine speed associated with the detected engine torque in an electric propulsion mode in accordance with a supplemental torque versus engine speed curve if the detected engine speed is within the first speed range and if the detected engine torque is within the first torque range. The supplemental torque versus engine speed curve intercepts the baseline torque versus engine speed curve at a lower speed point and a higher speed point.

Abstract: The invention in one embodiment is an improved variable speed engine/generator set with an integrated power conditioning system and control method including load shedding to generate high quality AC power with improved fuel efficiency and reduced emissions. The variable speed generator control scheme allows for load adaptive speed control of engine and generator field. The transformerless power inverter topology and control method provides the necessary output frequency, voltage and/or current waveform regulation, harmonic distortion rejection, and provides for single phase, or unbalanced loading.

Abstract: A controller of a rotating electric machine for a vehicle has a magnetic field electric current command arithmetic device for commanding a magnetic field electric current by the command of a torque and electric power command arithmetic device, an electric power converter functioning as a rectifier or an inverter, and a magnetic field electric current command restraining device for restraining a three-phase line electric current by restraining and controlling an output of the magnetic field electric current command arithmetic device when the rotating electric machine functions as an electric generator.

Abstract: The invention in the simplest form is an improved variable speed engine/generator set with an integrated power conditioning system and control method, used to generate high quality AC power with optimum fuel efficiency and reduced emissions. The variable speed generator control scheme allows for load adaptive speed control of engine and generator field. The transformerless power inverter topology and control method provides the necessary output frequency, voltage and/or current waveform regulation, harmonic distortion rejection, and provides for single phase, or unbalanced loading.

Abstract: A motor/generator power conditioner is provided with a rectifier electrically coupled to a motor/generator port, and an inverter electrically coupled to the rectifier and to a load port. In a startup mode, the combined rectifier and inverter provides startup power to the motor/generator port. In an operational mode, the combined rectifier and inverter provides generated power to the load port and generates a neutral output.

Abstract: A propulsion system for use in a hybrid vehicle, the propulsion system includes an internal combustion engine, an electric motor/generator operatively coupled to the internal combustion engine, an electric storage medium, and a propulsion system controller for actuating the propulsion system. The propulsion system controller varies the operating conditions of the electric motor/generator system in response to operating conditions of the vehicle. The propulsion system controller further varies the operating conditions of the electric motor/generator during an engine cranking sequence.

Abstract: A power generating system. The system enhances output, in which a motor of about 700 W to 750 W produces horsepower to rotate a power generating unit, causing the power generating unit to produce electricity, and a transmission device is coupled between the motor and the power generating unit to increase the horsepower of the motor to the power generating unit two to three times by the application of inertia force and lever force.

Abstract: A hybrid drive apparatus formed from an engine, a generator, a differential gear mechanism linking the engine and the generator, an electric motor, and a differential apparatus. The power transmission system on the side of the engine that links the differential apparatus with the output element of the differential gear mechanism and the power transmission system on the side of the electric motor that links the differential apparatus with the electric motor are each formed from separate power transmission elements and are each linked to the differential apparatus at the most downstream point of the power transmission system of each. As a result, it is possible to easily alter the setting of the total gear ratio on the engine side by altering the meshing diameter of the power transmission elements without altering the mutual positions between the axes of the engine, electric motor, and differential apparatus.

Abstract: A jump start circuit (26) for electrical connection between a battery (12) of a motor vehicle and jump start terminals (22,24) in the motor vehicle, the jump start circuit comprising a switch (28) for positioning in an electrical line (18) between one (22) of the jump start terminals and the battery, the switch being biased to a normally open position; and a logic circuit (32) having means for monitoring the polarity of a voltage across the jump start terminals, means for closing the switch on detection of a predetermined polarity, and a timer circuit for opening the switch after closing for a predetermined period of time. Provides protection against incorrect polarity connection during jump starting.

Abstract: A conventional motor controlling circuit is adapted to control an inverter that drives a permanent magnet generator as a motor to spin an engine to a speed sufficient to permit the engine to start. The commutation frequency is adjusted as a function of speed utilizing an automatic commutation frequency adjustment circuit. This circuit has multiple commutation frequency ranges that overcome a large initial bearing drag during low speed operation while still permitting high speed operation. The automatic commutation frequency adjustment circuit preferably generates first and second voltage ramps that overcome the initial bearing drag and accelerate the generator at a rate fast enough for sufficient back EMF to be generated for a closed-loop commutation phase. A speedup circuit operates during the closed-loop commutation phase to achieve the high speeds typically necessary for engine starting. The inventive circuits even permit a turbine type engine to be successfully started.

Abstract: A control system controls a hybrid vehicle having an engine for rotating a drive axle, an electric motor for assisting the engine in rotating the drive axle, and electric energy storage unit for supplying electric energy to the electric motor.

Abstract: The invention provides driving method and apparatus for an electric vehicle having a motor for driving the vehicle, a dc electric power source, a control device including a signal generating means for generating a signal to control rotation of the motor, and a key switch for controlling OFF-ON operation of the motor. The dc electric source includes a power battery (storage battery) connected to the motor and an energy battery (a fuel cell) connected in parallel with the power battery through an energy battery control switch. A battery current/voltage control unit controls the energy battery control switch based on the current or the voltage of the power battery, the energy battery or the motor, to maintain the voltage of the dc electric power source within a given range. A charging unit charges the power battery form the energy battery when the key switch is turned off, if the charge level of the power battery is below a given value, and stops charging if the charge level is above a given value.

Abstract: A zero emission generation system uses a direct current electric motor driving an electric generator to provide inverted alternating current to a load. The motor draws its electrical energy from two deep cycle direct current batteries, one or the other of which is alternatively switched into a motor drive circuit with the motor. The other of the two batteries is disposed in a recharge circuit which includes an alternator, mechanically powered by the direct current motor. Accordingly, while one battery is supplying power to the motor and generator, the other battery is being recharged towards capacity. A comptroller controls the switching between the two batteries and regulates recharging rates and extent by regulating the alternator field amperage draw and/or the alternator output to the charging circuit of the system. Further relays may be used to form a safety circuit to prevent both batteries from being removed from the motor drive circuit simultaneously.

Abstract: The power system for a electric vehicle supplying electrical energy to the batteries and motors, and to take the power load off the batteries, with the rear wheels to drive couplers and shafts and to drive the alternators and generators to supply a constant supply of electrical energy to the batteries and motors.

Abstract: A hybrid electric vehicle includes an internal combustion engine, a multi-speed automatic transmission, and an electric machine operable in a motoring mode and a generating mode. A compound planetary gear set operatively couples the engine, transmission and electric machine. The electric machine is operable during periods of vehicle launch to provide a reaction torque for the planetary gearset such that torque is supplied to the input of the transmission and the reaction torque energy is converted to electrical energy for storage in a vehicle battery pack battery. The method employs a combination of open loop torque control and closed loop speed controls responsive to rotational parameters of the vehicle drivetrain including engine speed, electric machine rotor speed and transmission input speed to control the generator torque of the electric machine to thereby produce the reaction torque for accelerating the vehicle and for producing electrical power during the vehicle launch.

Abstract: When a target generated output established for a generator by a target generated output setting unit depending on an operating condition of a hybrid vehicle varies, an intake air control valve control unit starts varying the opening of an intake air control valve of an engine in order to equalize the power output of the engine to a new varied target generated output. A delay time estimating unit estimates a delay time after the opening of the intake air control valve has started to vary until the engine eventually produces a power output corresponding to the new target generated output according to a preset correlation based on the present rotational speed of the engine. Upon elapse of the estimated delay time after the opening of the intake air control valve has started to vary, a generator controller increases or reduces the generated output of the generator into agreement with the target generated output.

Abstract: When the remaining capacity of a battery on a hybrid vehicle is smaller than a threshold value or the battery is unable to output the amount of electric energy required to propel the hybrid vehicle with a propulsive electric motor, the engine is started by a generator which operates in a motor mode. After the engine has been warmed up, the generator operates in a generator mode to generate electric energy which is supplied to the battery and the propulsive electric motor. The threshold value for the remaining capacity of the battery is greater as the atmospheric pressure is lower. Therefore, if the hybrid vehicle is running under a low atmospheric pressure such as on a highland, the electric energy is supplied from the generator to the battery and the propulsive electric motor at an early stage where the capacity of the battery is relatively high.

Abstract: The opening of the intake air control valve of an engine which actuates a generator on a hybrid vehicle is basically controlled by an intake air control valve control assembly to cause the engine to produce a power output corresponding to a target generated output which is determined by a target generated output setting assembly based on an operating condition of the hybrid vehicle. When regenerative braking of a propulsive electric motor is detected by a regenerative braking detector, the opening of the intake air control valve is corrected in a direction to decrease. Even when the load on the engine drops sharply or is greatly reduced by regenerative braking of the propulsive electric motor, the engine is prevented from racing, and from discharging unwanted exhaust emissions and also from suffering undue vibrations.

Abstract: In a computer peripheral device having a controllable element and control means coupled to the controllable element and operative in response to a power supply voltage of a predetermined level for controlling the controllable element, an improved power supply means coupled to the control means for supplying said power supply voltage to the control means. The improved power supply means comprises a motor capable of being driven at a predetermined rate of speed, means coupled to the motor and responsive to the motor being driven at the predetermined rate of speed for generating the power supply voltage, and means coupled to the means for generating for supplying the power supply voltage to the control means.

Abstract: A large starting motor is provided, especially for reversible, pumped storage water wheel generator-motor units, having a rotor member which comprises a relatively thin ferromagnetic rim and a closed container of cooling fluid disposed adjacent and radially inward thereof. Heat developed due to circulation of starting currents within the rim is conducted to the cooling fluid through the inside diameter surface of the rotor rim. Provision is made for venting and replenishing the cooling fluid which heats up and in extreme cases vaporizes in response to the thermal energy transferred from the rim.

Abstract: The converter includes a dc. motor energizable from a battery and adapted to drive an alternator which produces an ac. output voltage for powering a load device. When the switch of the load device is closed or opened to start and stop the latter, the motor of the converter is automatically energized or de-energized. A unique system for controlling automatic energization and de-energization of the motor is constituted by low cost and reliable components and is characterized by a voltage divider and a diode circuit which (1) cause battery current to flow through a pick-up resistor to effect starting of the motor when the load device switch is first closed, and (2) limit the current through the resistor to small values when the alternator is operating.

Abstract: A motor is to be driven from a source of high-voltage electric energy, and a generator is adapted to produce a lower-voltage electric energy. A hydraulic stepdown arrangement is provided which drives the generator from the motor and which includes at least one closed hydraulic circuit having a conduit loop, a plurality of hydraulic pumps of successively greater capacity which are driven by the motor, and a fluid-driven rotor coupled with the generator for driving the same. The rotor receives the combined fluid output of the hydraulic pumps. Other drive systems are also disclosed.