Abstract: Systems and methods for multiphase power transfer in inductive couplers are provided. A system can include a first tubular having a first inductive coupler disposed on an outer surface thereof; a second tubular circumferentially disposed around the first tubular and forming an annulus therebetween; a second inductive coupler disposed on the second tubular; a first rectifier coupled to the second inductive coupler; a tank capacitor coupled to the first rectifier; and a load coupled in parallel with the tank capacitor.

Abstract: Assemblies and methods for modifying an intraocular pressure of a patient's one or both eyes are disclosed. The assemblies and methods can be used to treat, inhibit, or prevent ocular conditions such as glaucoma, high intraocular pressure, optic disc edema, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, zero-gravity induced papilledema, and other optic pressure related conditions. An assembly can include a goggle including at least one cavity, a pump in fluid communication with the at least one cavity, and a control mechanism. The control mechanism can be operatively coupled to the pump and can maintain a target pressure or target pressure range in the at least one cavity, which, when the assembly is worn by a patient, is the area between a patient's eye(s) and wall surfaces of the goggle. Controlling the pressure over the outer surfaces of the patient's eye(s) can drive a desired change in the intraocular pressure of the eye(s).

Abstract: A sensor device for measuring a rotational position of an element that is rotatable about an axis of rotation includes a sender member emitting a magnetic field and a plurality of receiving members receiving the magnetic field. Each of the receiving members has a pair of conductors that together delimit a pair of surrounded areas. Each of the surrounded areas tapers in and against a circumferential direction at ends of the surrounded areas.

Abstract: A device for contactless transmission of data and energy and for angle measurement, including a first disk-shaped unit and a second disk-shaped unit, which move in relation to one another around a shared rotational axis and are opposite to one another axially spaced apart with respect to the rotational axis. The first disk-shaped unit including a first annular disk-shaped recess, and the second disk-shaped unit including a first annular disk-shaped recess, which is opposite to the first annular disk-shaped recess of the first disk-shaped unit radially spaced apart with respect to the rotational axis. The first disk-shaped unit includes at least one second annular disk-shaped unit situated concentrically to the first annular disk-shaped recess of the first disk-shaped unit, and the second disk-shaped unit includes at least one second annular disk-shaped recess situated concentrically to the first annular disk-shaped recess of the second disk-shaped unit.

Abstract: A system for wireless power transfer having a power transfer device, including a capacitor unit and an inductor unit connected in series to form an LC resonant circuit. The inductor unit is designed to form an envelope with a toroidal shape, the envelope forming an inductor coil with at least one turn, which generates an oscillating magnetic field outside of the envelope used for the wireless power transfer. The ends of each turn are electrically insulated from each other by means of an insulation gap, and appropriately connected by wires inside the envelope. The capacitor unit is disposed inside this envelope such that the envelope wraps the capacitor unit and wires between the capacitor unit and the inductor unit.

Abstract: Assemblies and methods for modifying an intraocular pressure of a patient's one or both eyes are disclosed. The assemblies and methods can be used to treat, inhibit, or prevent ocular conditions such as glaucoma, high intraocular pressure, optic disc edema, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, zero-gravity induced papilledema, and other optic pressure related conditions. An assembly can include a goggle including at least one cavity, a pump in fluid communication with the at least one cavity, and a control mechanism. The control mechanism can be operatively coupled to the pump and can maintain a target pressure or target pressure range in the at least one cavity, which, when the assembly is worn by a patient, is the area between a patient's eye(s) and wall surfaces of the goggle. Controlling the pressure over the outer surfaces of the patient's eye(s) can drive a desired change in the intraocular pressure of the eye(s).

Abstract: Various embodiments include a switch cell comprising: a semiconductor switch element; a micro-electromechanical switch element; and an electronic actuation circuit. The semiconductor switch element and the micro-electromechanical switch element are connected in parallel. In a switch-off process for the switch cell, the semiconductor switch element is switched off after the micro-electromechanical switch element is switched off.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a switch cell comprising: a semiconductor switch element; a micro-electromechanical switch element; and an electronic actuation circuit. The semiconductor switch element and the micro-electromechanical switch element are connected in parallel. In a switch-off process for the switch cell, the semiconductor switch element is switched off after the micro-electromechanical switch element is switched off.

Abstract: Assemblies and methods for modifying an intraocular pressure of a patient's one or both eyes are disclosed. The assemblies and methods can be used to treat, inhibit, or prevent ocular conditions such as glaucoma, high intraocular pressure, optic disc edema, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, zero-gravity induced papilledema, and other optic pressure related conditions. An assembly can include a goggle including at least one cavity, a pump in fluid communication with the at least one cavity, and a control mechanism. The control mechanism can be operatively coupled to the pump and can maintain a target pressure or target pressure range in the at least one cavity, which, when the assembly is worn by a patient, is the area between a patient's eye(s) and wall surfaces of the goggle. Controlling the pressure over the outer surfaces of the patient's eye(s) can drive a desired change in the intraocular pressure of the eye(s).

Abstract: A length-measuring device for measuring a relative position of two objects includes a hollow section member in which a tensioned scale tape extends. A mounting block is disposed at each end of the scale tape. An adjuster is configured to position a mounting block on the hollow section member in a first installed condition such that the mounting block is displaceable in the longitudinal direction. The adjuster is movably mounted on the hollow section member and capable of being brought from a first to a second position. The mounting block is in the first installed condition when the adjuster is in the first position. The mounting block is movable to a second installed condition by moving the adjuster to the second position. In the second installed condition, the mounting block is fixed in a nominal position defined by the adjuster on the hollow section member.

Abstract: An antenna module includes a magnetic body portion made of a ferrite sheet, a first pattern portion directly formed on one surface of the magnetic body portion and including a first pattern and a first plating layer stacked thereon, a second pattern portion directly formed on the other surface of the magnetic body portion and including a second pattern and a second plating layer stacked thereon, and a via hole formed through the magnetic body portion and having a connection member for electrically connecting the first pattern portion and the second pattern portion formed therein. The first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are formed directly on the magnetic body portion without a substrate portion. Thus, the thickness is reduced by the amount of the thickness of the substrate portion.

Abstract: An inductor sensor assembly for determining to position of object includes a layer of ferrite overlaying exciting and receiving coils formed on a substrate. A magnet attached to the target produces a virtual coupler in an area of ferrite overlaying the coils. An application for a shock absorber includes a sensor module mounted in a recess in a dust cover and a magnet mounted to a cylinder tube of the shock absorber.

Abstract: A rotary transformer for an electrical machine includes a rotary printed circuit board and a stator printed circuit board. The rotary printed circuit board is operatively connected to the stator printed circuit board for relative rotation with respect to the stator printed circuit board. A conductor is fixed to the one of the printed circuit boards and includes a spiral coil for transferring electrical energy between the rotary printed circuit board and stator printed circuit board.

Abstract: A resolver includes a first assembly having transmitter windings and a first winding of a first transformer. The resolver also includes a second assembly having receiver windings, a first winding of a second transformer, and a first winding of a third transformer. A third assembly of the resolver includes a second winding of the first transformer, a second winding of the second transformer, and a second winding of the third transformer. The three assemblies are rotatable relative to each other about an axis. The windings of the first transformer, the windings of the second transformer, the windings of the third transformer, the transmitter windings, and the receiver windings are arranged opposite each other in each case, separated by a radial gap.

Abstract: An inductive detection type rotary encoder of the present invention includes: first and second transmission windings in a stator; first and second reception windings within first and second regions, respectively; and first and second magnetic flux coupling bodies within third and fourth regions, respectively, in a rotor. The second, first, third, and fourth regions are sequentially disposed in an axial direction. The shortest distance between the first transmission winding and the first magnetic flux coupling body is shorter than those between the second transmission winding and the first magnetic flux coupling body and between the first transmission winding and the second magnetic flux coupling body. The shortest distance between the second transmission winding and the second magnetic flux coupling body is shorter than those between the first transmission winding and the second magnetic flux coupling body and between the second transmission winding and the first magnetic flux coupling body.

Abstract: An inductive coupler assembly for use in a downhole environment and related methods are described. An example indicative coupler assembly includes a first inductive coupler having first and second magnetically coupled coils and a second inductive coupler having third and fourth magnetically coupled coils. The first and third coils are coupled to a first pair of signal lines and the second and fourth coils are coupled to a second pair of signal lines. The first inductive coupler is to magnetically convey a differential communications signal between the first and second pairs of signal lines, and the second inductive coupler is to magnetically convey a common mode power signal between the first and second pairs of signal lines.

Abstract: Power swivel for transmitting electrical power from a first terminal to a second terminal, includes a central part with a huh and an outer ring of a magnetic material, coaxial with and surrounding the hub, the outer ring and central part being rotatable relative to one another around a vertical axis, at least two radial arms of a magnetic material projecting from the hub or from the outer ring, adjacent arms being spaced-apart, each arm carrying a conductor wound around the arm to form a coil for generating a magnetic flux along a radial flux path through the arm, the conductors being connected to the first terminal, wherein the outer ring or the hub has a cylindrical surface at close proximity to free ends of the arms, a plurality of axially extending conductors being distributed along the circumference of the outer ring or hub at or near the cylindrical surface.

Abstract: In a power transmission apparatus which transmits power from a power transmission device to a power reception device in a noncontact manner through electromagnetic coupling, the power transmission device includes a power transmission coil, and an AC power source supplying AC power to a resonance element including the power transmission coil. The power reception device includes a power reception coil that receives power, and a rectifying circuit rectifying AC power induced in a resonance element including the power reception coil. One of the power transmission coil and the power reception coil includes a blank region formed at a central portion, and a first coil pattern formed in a planar shape at a peripheral portion of the blank region, and the other of the power transmission coil and the power reception coil includes a second coil pattern formed in a planar shape so as to correspond to the blank region.

Abstract: A noncontact power supply system includes a power supply device having a primary coil acting as an electromagnetic induction coil for a noncontact power supply system, and a power receiving device having a secondary coil. The primary coil has a primary core and a winding wire. The secondary coil has a secondary core and a winding wire. The primary core includes a base segment, a pair of extension segments, and a pair of opposite segments. The pair of opposite segments are arranged to allow a space to be defined therebetween. The winding wire is wound at least around the pair of opposite segments. The secondary coil is arranged between the pair of opposite segments during power supply. The power receiving device includes a magnetic sheet that is in tight contact with an end surface of the secondary core and has an area larger than that of the end surface.

Abstract: A magnetic field generation apparatus includes a plurality of coplanar inductors disposed to form a planar structure, wherein each of the coplanar inductors is configured to generate a magnetic field having a basis vector that is orthogonal to a basis vector of a magnetic field generated by another one of the coplanar inductors.

Abstract: Power swivel for transmitting electrical power from a first terminal to a second terminal, includes a central part with a hub and an outer ring of a magnetic material, coaxial with and surrounding the hub, the outer ring and central part being rotatable relative to one another around a vertical axis, at least two radial arms of a magnetic material projecting from the hub or from the outer ring, adjacent arms being spaced-apart, each arm carrying a conductor wound around the arm to form a coil for generating a magnetic flux along a radial flux path through the arm, the conductors being connected to the first terminal, wherein the outer ring or the hub has a cylindrical surface at close proximity to free ends of the arms, a plurality of axially extending conductors being distributed along the circumference of the outer ring or hub at or near the cylindrical surface.

Abstract: There is provided a chip-type coil component, including: a body formed by laminating a plurality of magnetic layers, and having a lower surface provided as a mounting area, an upper surface corresponding thereto, two end surfaces, and two lateral surfaces; conductor patterns formed on the magnetic layers, respectively, and connected to each other to have a coil structure; and external electrodes formed on at least one external surface of the body, and electrically connected to the conductor patterns, the external electrodes each being formed on the lower surface and spaced apart from edges thereof. Short circuits between electronic components may be prevented and sticking strength between the chip-type coil component and a substrate may be increased.

Abstract: A high frequency rotary transformer for an electrical machine includes a primary transformer component having a primary transformer winding, and a secondary transformer component having a secondary transformer winding. The primary transformer winding is configured to be coupled to a DC power source via a DC to AC converter. The secondary transformer winding is configured to be coupled to a winding of the rotor. Each of the primary and secondary transformer components are mechanically coupled to either the stator or the rotor. The secondary transformer component is configured to rotate with respect to the primary transformer component to produce a magnetic flux via the primary transformer winding and the secondary transformer winding.

Abstract: An antenna device which includes a coil conductor and a booster conductor. The coil conductor is defined by wound loop-shaped conductors and includes a first opening at a winding center and two ends connected to a feeding circuit. The booster conductor includes a coupling conductor portion and a frame-shaped radiation conductor portion. The coupling conductor portion includes a second opening overlapped at least partially by the first opening, is split in a portion thereof by a slit, and is electromagnetically coupled to the coil conductor. The frame-shaped radiation conductor portion includes a third opening and is connected to the coupling conductor portion.

Abstract: An inductive coupler assembly for use in a downhole environment and related methods are described. An example indicative coupler assembly includes a first inductive coupler having first and second magnetically coupled coils and a second inductive coupler having third and fourth magnetically coupled coils. The first and third coils are coupled to a first pair of signal lines and the second and fourth coils are coupled to a second pair of signal lines. The first inductive coupler is to magnetically convey a differential communications signal between the first and second pairs of signal lines, and the second inductive coupler is to magnetically convey a common mode power signal between the first and second pairs of signal lines.

Abstract: An electrical assembly is provided. The electrical assembly includes a ring having at least two annular segments. Each annular segment includes a first portion and a second portion. The second portion tapers from the first portion toward an end of the second portion to define a circumferential cross-sectional area of the ring that is substantially constant along a radius of the electrical assembly. At least one winding is coupled about the ring.

Abstract: A structure for wireless communication having a plurality of conductor layers, an insulator layer separating each of the conductor layers, and at least one connector connecting two of the conductor layers wherein an electrical resistance is reduced when an electrical signal is induced in the resonator at a predetermined frequency.

Abstract: A structure for wireless communication having a plurality of conductor layers, an insulator layer separating each of the conductor layers, and at least one connector connecting two of the conductor layers wherein an electrical resistance is reduced when an electrical signal is induced in the resonator at a predetermined frequency.

Abstract: A structure for wireless communication having a plurality of conductor layers, an insulator layer separating each of the conductor layers, and at least one connector connecting two of the conductor layers wherein an electrical resistance is reduced when an electrical signal is induced in the resonator at a predetermined frequency.

Abstract: Axisymmetric solid of revolution derivable from section at FIG. 5 is generally toroidal with electric current(s) in windings 110, 160 preferably flowing circumferentially along major circle(s) during power coupling device operation. Current(s) in windings 110, 160; current(s) in half-shields 120, 170; and the volume of space swept out by shield airgap(s) 101 emerge from plane of paper perpendicularly at FIG. 5 but as these emerge therefrom they curve to follow toroidal major circle(s). Cores 115, 165 preferably shunt and align magnetic flux such that magnetic field lines escape therefrom primarily only in region(s) of core airgap(s) and such that magnetic flux loops lie in planes of toroidal minor circle(s).

Abstract: A Tran-Energy Machine is an energy conversion device to regain electric energy supplied to activated coils, from the total magnetic flux in the activated coils, and the rising and falling of magnetic flux lines of movable permanent magnets. The device may include one or more timing switches, electronic components in electric circuits, magnetic cores, permanent magnets, rotary parts, inductive coils, activation windings, rectifiers, and output switches. The one or more permanent magnets may be movably arranged with respect to the magnetic core for inducing alternating magnetic field upon movement, wherein activating and deactivating the windings attracts and repels the movable magnets generating regained energy from kinetic movement and changes in magnetic flux.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a connector system that provides the transfer of electrical power and/or data communications signals between two systems. The connector has no conductive electrical connection and can operate independently of angular orientation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transponder system for the contactless inductive power transmission of a stationary part having at least one read coil (2) disposed on the stator (1) to a rotating part having at least one transponder coil (4) disposed on a spindle (3). The aim of the invention is to provide a transponder system of the aforementioned kind which can be used for self-sufficient sensor applications even in the vicinity of metal materials and noise fields caused by electric motors conventional in mechanical engineering. For this purpose, the surrounding (5) of the read coil (2), especially the stator is produced from a material having little magnetic permeability and good electrical conductivity, preferably aluminum. The transponder coil (4) and/or the read coil (2) are disposed as flat coil (6) on the inside and/or outside of a cylindrical periphery (9, 10) of the stator and/or rotor (11).

Abstract: A power supply system that includes: a power supply coil and a power supply-side resonance coil that are provided at a facility; a power receiving coil and a power receiving-side resonance coil that are provided for a mobile unit; a power supply-side detection unit that detects a position of the power supply-side resonance coil; a power receiving-side detection unit that detects a position of the power receiving-side resonance coil; and an adjustment unit that adjusts a relative position of the power supply coil with respect to the power supply-side resonance coil and a relative position of the power receiving coil with respect to the power receiving-side resonance coil on the basis of the position of the power supply-side resonance coil and the position of the power receiving-side resonance coil.

Abstract: Wire-holders are provided that confine a single wire over a limited arc section and that are interspersed with ferrite ingots that provide wire-ways for several wires are utilized in the winding of the coils of a transformer. A method for consistently producing windings having accurate wire placement on rotors, stators, and other electrical componentry is also provided.

Abstract: There is disclosed an antenna device including: a metal portion which has a surface; and a coil section which is provided above the surface of the metal portion and has an opening portion. Here, a surface of the coil section in which the opening portion is formed is approximately perpendicular to the surface of the metal portion, and the coil section is disposed in the vicinity of an edge of the metal portion.

Abstract: A settings emulator for a circuit breaker trip unit includes a handheld enclosure and a plurality of adjustable rotary switches mounted on the handheld enclosure. The adjustable rotary switches define a plurality of different trip settings for the circuit breaker trip unit. A communication channel is also mounted on the handheld enclosure. A microprocessor is enclosed by the handheld enclosure. The processor reads the different trip settings from the adjustable rotary switches and communicates the different trip settings through the communication channel to the circuit breaker trip unit.

Abstract: The system 1 according to the invention comprises an energizable load 2 and an inductive powering device 9 and a permanent magnet 8 arranged on the conductor 4 for interacting with the further conductor 9a for aligning the inductor winding 6 with respect to the further inductor winding 9b. The energizable load 2 for enabling the inductive power receipt comprises a wiring 6 which cooperates with the conductor 4 for forming a secondary wiring of the transformer. In order to form the system for inductive energy transfer, the energizable load 2 is to be placed on the inductive powering device 9, whereby the surface 2a will contact the surface 7. The inductive powering device 9 comprises a further magnetizable conductor 9a provided with a further winding 9b thus forming a primary wiring of the split-core electric transformer.

Abstract: A transformer, adapted for being configured in a wiring substrate, is provided. The transformer includes a first plane coil and a second plane coil. The first plane coil includes a plurality of first loops. The second plane coil includes a plurality of second loops. A first bundle constituted by at least two adjacent first loops and a second bundle constituted by at least two adjacent second loops are stridden one over another.

Abstract: A cladding (cover) element (32) includes a reception unit which is integrated therein. The reception unit contains a receiving coil (10) for the contactless transfer of electric energy and a plurality of flux-conducting elements (15a, 15b; 16a, 16b) that are associated with the receiving coil (10) for concentrating the field strength. The cover element (32) is made of a fiber-reinforced plastic. The flux-conducting elements (15a, 15b; 16a, 16b) and the receiving coil (10) are arranged in a base body (18) that is used to position the elements and coil and are embedded with the base body (18) in the cladding element (32). A process is also provided for producing the cladding element (32).

Abstract: An inductive power transfer system includes a base unit comprising a first inductive element for providing input power to a second inductive element of a target unit providing output power, a positioning structure provided on at least one of the base unit and the target unit for removably positioning the second inductive element at a predetermined orientation and distance relative to the first inductive element, a switch element configured for selectively applying a time varying electric current to the first inductive element to produce a time varying magnetic field for inducing an electric current in the second inductive element, and a control circuit for monitoring one parameter indicative of an efficiency of power transfer and automatically selectively adjusting at least one characteristic of the time varying electric current responsive to the parameter to maximize an efficiency of power transfer from the base unit to the target unit.

Abstract: A movable inductor using magnetism is provided. The movable inductor includes a substrate; a first structure layer disposed on the substrate, and having two protruding portions respectively disposed at two sides thereof; at least two fixing elements disposed on the substrate, and connected with the protruding portions; and a thermal bonding layer at least disposed on the fixing elements.

Abstract: Wire-holders are provided that confine a single wire over a limited arc section and that are interspersed with ferrite ingots that provide wire-ways for several wires are utilized in the winding of the coils of a transformer. A method for consistently producing windings having accurate wire placement on rotors, stators, and other electrical componentry is also provided.

Abstract: An ignition coil of a dual ignition type that can prevent outputs from becoming unbalanced due to a difference in floating capacitance on wiring that connects secondary output terminals and ignition plugs together, thus realizing balanced outputs. A coil assembly housed in a housing as a coil case has a primary coil and secondary coils disposed concentrically with the primary coil. The secondary coils are comprised of two coils wound in opposite directions with the center of winding width being a boundary. The center of the winding width of the primary coil is shifted from the center of the winding width of the secondary coils by a predetermined width so as to balance outputs from the two secondary coils. A casting material is filled into a gap between the housing and the coil assembly and gaps which the coil assembly has.

Abstract: A device for contactless transfer of energy and data. One embodiment includes a primary coil assembly on a first support and a secondary coil assembly on a second support, the supports rotatable in relation to one another, the primary and secondary coil assemblies having an energy coil for inductive transfer of electric energy. To minimize interference in data transfer, the primary and secondary coil assemblies may include at least one data coil for inductive data transfer wherein at least one winding of the data coil surrounds at least one winding of the energy coil so that a first section of the data winding is wound in the wound direction of the energy coil and a second section of the data winding is wound in a direction opposite the wound direction of the energy coil.

Abstract: It is possible to provide a brush-less type rotation detector shielding structure capable of reducing the interference of magnetic flux leaking from a rotation transformer to a stator iron core and rotor iron core and suppressing lowering of the angle detection accuracy. As shown in FIG. 1, the shielding structure is used for a brush-less type rotation detector including: a rotation transformer having a rotor transformer (3) and stator transformer (4); a signal modulation section having a stator iron core (2) and a rotor iron core (1); and a case (5) for containing them. The shielding structure has a main configuration having a stator magnetic shielding section (44) capable of magnetically shielding between the stator iron core (2) constituting the signal modulation section and the stator transformer (4).

Abstract: The apparatus 10 for electromagnetic energy transfer comprises a charging fixture 1 with a contact surface 4 and a generator coil 2 forming a resonator circuit with a capacitance. The charging fixture 1 is preferably arranged as an elongated bar whereon a plurality of chargeable electronic devices 5 can be arranged. In order to implement electromagnetic energy transfer from the charging fixture 1 to the electronic device 5 the latter has to be arranged with a pick-up circuit for generating secondary alternating current in a loop, preferably a secondary resonator circuit. In order to fix a position of the electronic device 5 on the charging bar 1, the charging bar is preferably arranged with a projection 3 extending in a plane of the contact surface 4. The electronic device 5 can be shaped to be hanged on the projection and removed from it in accordance with arrow 6.

Abstract: A power transmission control device used for a non-contact power transmission system includes a power-transmitting-side control circuit that controls power transmission to a power receiving device, a calculation circuit that calculates the position of a secondary coil by performing given calculations, and an actuator control circuit that controls the operation of an actuator, the actuator moving the position of the primary coil in an XY plane, the actuator control circuit scanning the primary coil for detecting the position of the secondary coil L2, the calculation circuit performing the given calculations based on data acquired by the scan for detecting the position of the secondary coil L2 to determine the position of the secondary coil L2, and the actuator control circuit moving the primary coil L1 so that the position of the primary coil coincides with the calculated position of the secondary coil.

Abstract: A variable inductance electrical device is an electrical conductor arranged in a flexible helical coil with a multiplicity of windings connected to a traveler plate and a fixed plate coaxially arranged a distance from the traveler plate. The conductor is arranged in the space between the traveler plate and the fixed plate such that moving the traveler plate away from the fixed plate moves the conductor coils apart and moving the traveler plate towards the fixed plate moves the conductor coils closer together. The inductance of the electrical coil varies inversely with the length of the coil, and thus varies with the spacing of the coils.

Abstract: An angle-torque sensor has: a torque detection coil that detects a change in state quantity in a mechanism to detect a relative angle made between input axis and output axis of a torsion bar to be twisted by a torque; an angle detection coil that detects a change in state quantity in a mechanism to detect a rotation angle of a reduction axis which rotates with a rotation being transmitted from the input axis or output axis and being reduced by a reduction mechanism; a torque detection circuit that detects the relative angle from the output of the torque detection coil; and an angle detection circuit that detects the rotation angle from the output of the angle detection coil.