Abstract: A light detection and ranging (LiDAR) device may include: an optical phased array configured to modulate a phase of light incident on the optical phased array and emit the light; a first photodetector configured to detect, as a reference light, the light emitted from the optical phased array in a first direction toward the first photodetector, and generate a reference signal based on the reference light; a second photodetector configured to detect, as a target light including information about an object, the light emitted from the optical phased array in a second direction toward the object, and generate a target signal based on the target light; and a processor configured to determine a distance between the LiDAR device and the object based on a cross-correlation between the reference signal and the target signal.

Abstract: Technologies are described herein that are configured to identity detections output by a frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar system that are caused by an interfering signal. The detections are detected as being caused by an interferer based upon numbers of detections assigned to bins in a velocity-direction histogram.

Abstract: A radar detector including a radar transmitting device, a radar receiving device, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and a digital processing unit, and an interference suppression method using the radar detector are provided. The radar transmitting device transmits a first wireless signal. The radar receiving device receives a second wireless signal to generate an analog reference signal in response to the first wireless signal is subdued from being transmitted, and receives a third wireless signal to generate an analog main signal in response to the first wireless signal is not subdued from being transmitted. The ADC generates a digital reference signal according to the analog reference signal, and generates a digital main signal according to the analog main signal. The digital processing unit adjusts the digital or analog main signal according to the digital reference signal to correspondingly suppress interference components in the digital main signal or in the analog main signal.

Abstract: A radar device includes: an electromagnetic noise detecting unit for detecting electromagnetic noise input to an ADC using digital data in a period when no radar signal is transmitted, among digital data output from the ADC; and an observation target detecting unit for detecting an observation target using digital data in a period when the radar signal has been transmitted, among the digital data output from the ADC, and the electromagnetic noise detected by the electromagnetic noise detecting unit.

Abstract: A vehicle alert system includes a detection sensor configured to detect a target vehicle approaching a subject vehicle, a storage configured to store a false alert condition comprising a position or lateral error of the target vehicle with respect to the subject vehicle, and an alert determiner configured to output an alert signal when the target vehicle is detected by the detection sensor and no sensing blockage occurs, and not output the alert signal when the sensing blockage occurs and the detected target vehicle satisfies the false alert condition.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) circuit includes an input terminal configured to receive a reception signal from an antenna; an output terminal configured to output a digital output signal; a receive path including a mixer and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), wherein the receive path is coupled to and between the input and output terminals, wherein the receive path includes an analog portion and a digital portion, and wherein the ADC generates a digital signal based on an analog signal received from the analog portion; a test signal generator configured to generate an analog test signal injected into the analog portion of the receive path; and a digital processor configured to receive a digital test signal from the digital portion, the digital test signal being derived from the analog test signal, analyze a frequency spectrum of the digital test signal, and determine a quality of the digital test signal.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for converting source radar data of a source configuration of a radar system target radar data of a target configuration. The method comprises: providing a source array of grid cells for source reflex locations; determining, for each respective grid cell in the source array, a probability or frequency that source reflex locations are located in the respective grid cell; forming a source tensor including the source array populated with the probability or frequency for each grid cell; transforming the source tensor into a target tensor including a target array of grid cells for the target reflex locations and indicating the probabilities or frequencies of the target reflex locations for each respective grid cell; and generating the target radar data by sampling the location coordinates of the target reflex locations.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described for beam selection based on user pose information provided by an extended reality (XR) application. The pose information may be used to determine a position of the UE, and one or more beam parameters may be requested based on the position of the UE. The position information of the UE may include position information for a current time period, predictive position information for one or more future time periods, or any combinations thereof. The UE may transmit a beam request to a base station for one or more beams for the current time period, for one or more future time periods, or any combinations thereof. The UE may request a switch between beams of differing beamwidths or having the same beamwidth, or request a change of a beamwidth of an existing beam.

Abstract: A classification method comprises positioning an object and a radar unit in proximity to each other; receiving by the radar unit radar signals reflected from the object; and classifying the object, wherein the classifying is based on the radar signals and/or at least one feature extracted from the radar signals, and the classifying of the object comprises determining classification data for the object.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium includes instructions to identify, based upon Doppler-speed determination from one or more radars, radar targets within a hitbox for determining a first stationary status of a vehicle based on tracking Doppler-speed radar targets in a hitbox region. The medium also includes instructions to identify, based upon the Doppler speed determination from the one or more radars, field-of-view (FOV) radar targets for determining a second stationary status based on a substantial number and a distribution of Doppler-speed determinations for the FOV radar targets. The medium also includes instructions to confirm, based on detecting a change in either of the first or the second stationary status of the vehicle, an acceleration sensed by an inertial measurement unit onboard the vehicle.

Abstract: A radar device includes a transmission module, a reception module, and a signal processing unit. The transmission module includes an RF signal source that generates a transmission chirp signal synchronized with a reference signal. The reception module includes an RF signal source that generates a reception chirp signal used as a reception local signal and synchronized with the reference signal. The reception module receives a reflected wave of the transmission chirp signal emitted from the transmission module, and mixes a received reception signal with the reception chirp signal. The signal processing unit detects a target based on a beat signal generated by the mixing by the reception module.

Abstract: A method for detecting a moisture damage on an asphalt pavement based on adaptive selection of a penetrating radar (GPR) image grayscale includes the following steps: step 1: obtaining a moisture damage GPR image dataset through asphalt pavement investigation by using a ground GPR, where a GPR image with an appropriate plot scale is selected according to an adaptive GPR image selection method; step 2: adjusting image resolution, specifically, scaling a resolution of an initial GPR image dataset of a damage directly to 224×224 to obtain a BD dataset; step 3: inputting the dataset into a recognition model, specifically, inputting the BD dataset obtained in step 2 into the recognition model, performing operation by the recognition model, and performing step 4; and step 4: outputting a moisture damage result. The new method truly realizes automatic and intelligent target detection based on the GPR.

Abstract: Systems and methods for adjusting radar transmission parameters based on congestion level measurements are disclosed. In some aspects, a congestion level of radar signals at a location in a vicinity of a radar source may be measured or otherwise determined. In some aspects, a transmission parameter of radar signals configured for transmission to the location by the radar source may be adjusted based on the congestion levels.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for beam steering is disclosed. The apparatus comprises: a beam forming signal generator configured to generate a beam forming signal for applying to at least one of amplitude and phase shift circuitry associated with an antenna array to provide a radiation pattern. A determining means is provided that is configured to determine a signal strength of interfering signals received at the antenna array within a user equipment and to determine a dominant interfering ratio indicative of a strength of a strongest interfering signal relative to a strength of other interfering signals. A comparator is provided that is configured to compare the dominant interfering ratio to a predetermined ratio value and where the dominant interfering ratio exceeds the predetermined ratio value to generate a control signal for controlling the beam forming signal generator to generate a radiation pattern comprising a beam and at least one steered null.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a radar transceiver having a transmitter comprising a phase shifter.

Abstract: A measurement information acquisition unit acquires depth information indicating a depth in a detection range measured by a depth measurement device that measures the depth. An image acquisition unit acquires an image of the detection range captured by an imaging device that captures the image. A depth extraction unit extracts partial depth information in which a portion not being subject to a determination of being foreign matter or not is removed from the depth information, based on the acquired image. A foreign matter determination unit determines presence or absence of foreign matter in the detection range based on the partial depth information.

Abstract: Radar systems and methods for imaging surfaces. A processor receives raw data from the radar and executes an image data generation. A display unit displays an image representing the targeted surface. The radar unit may be incorporated in a handheld scanner. Rectangular antenna arrays may be configured and processors may be operable such that the image data generated may be processed and displayed in real time.

Abstract: A work machine control system includes: a position sensor that detects the position of a work machine travelling on a traveling path; a non-contact sensor that detects the position of an object around the work machine; and a map data creation unit that creates map data on the basis of a detection point of the object and detection data of the position sensor, the detection point being detected by the non-contact sensor and satisfying a defined matching condition.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally pertains to systems and methods for processing radar signals from a sparse MIMO array. In some embodiments, the signals from a MIMO radar array are processed to generate a sparse virtual array. Then, by using a two-dimensional (2D) variant of missing-data iterative adaptive approach (missing-data IAA or MIAA) to process the virtual array, the system can estimate information from the missing antennas of the sparse virtual array. Then, by using the now full virtually array, the system can process the virtual array using a variant of multi-dimensional folding (MDF) to discover the existence and location (e.g., distance, elevation, and azimuth) of objects (also called scatterers) within the MIMO radar array's field of view.

Abstract: A radar system for a vehicle. The radar system has at least one central control unit for transmitting data and for processing received data, at least one radar sensor head, which is set apart from the central control unit and has at least one transmitting antenna for generating and at least one receiving antenna for receiving radar waves, and having at least one data line between the at least one central control unit and the at least one radar sensor head, with the at least one central control unit having a clock pulse generator for generating a reference frequency and the reference frequency being transmittable via the at least one data line to the at least one radar sensor head.

Abstract: A non-transitory computer-readable medium stores instructions that cause processors to obtain an N×M range matrix comprising radar data indexed by velocity and antenna and an M×S steering matrix comprising expected phases indexed by antenna and hypothesis angle. For each unique X×Y range slice corresponding to a particular set of X velocities, processors store the particular range slice in a first buffer. For each unique Y×Z steering slice corresponding to a particular set of Y antenna, processors store the particular steering slice in a second buffer. The processors perform beamforming operations on the range, steering, and intermediate slices, storing the result in a third buffer as the intermediate slice. After each steering and range slice for the particular set of X velocities has been iterated through, the processors store the intermediate slice as a beamforming slice for the particular set of X velocities and the hypothesis angles.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes identifying, for each of one or more environmental radars, one or more parameter values associated with a radar signal of the environmental radar, determining one or more transmission parameter values for the radar, wherein a combination of the one or more transmission parameter values is different from a combination of the one or more parameter values of each of the one or more environmental radars, and configuring the radar with the determined one or more transmission parameter values.

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed for autonomously predicting shipper behavior. An example method includes the following operations. One or more learning models are generated. Shipper behavior data for at least one shipper is extracted. The shipper behavior data includes a plurality of features associated with the at least one shipper scheduled to ship one or more parcels. It is predicted whether one or more shipments will be sent or arrive at a particular time based at least in part on running the plurality of features of the at least one shipper through the one or more learning models.

Abstract: A method of updating background components of an echo signal for radar includes: transforming M sets of N pieces of time domain data to frequency domain to generate M sets of P magnitudes corresponding to P frequency bins, wherein the M sets of N pieces of time domain data include spatial information of an object; and updating P background components corresponding to the P frequency bins according to the M sets of P magnitudes corresponding to the P frequency bins.

Abstract: A method for increasing the effective aperture of radar switch/MIMO antenna array, using a low number of transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) army elements, according to which an array of radar physical receive (Rx)/Transmit (Tx) elements are arranged in at least two opposing Rx rows and at least two opposing Tx columns, such that each row includes a plurality of receive (Rx) elements uniformly spaced from each other and each column includes a plurality of transmit (Tx) elements uniformly spaced from each other, the array forming a rectangular physical aperture. Used as a switch array, a first Tx element from one column is activated to transmit a radar pulse during a predetermined time slot. Reflections of the first transmission are received in all Rx elements, thereby virtually replicating the two opposing Rx rows about an origin determined by the location of the first Tx element within the rectangular physical aperture.

Abstract: A ground penetrating radar device and/or other sensor such as LIDAR, pressure, or temperature sensors is mounted on a mobile device, and is adapted, during motion of the mobile device, to sense characteristics of asphalt pavement on which the mobile device is moving, prior to compaction of the asphalt pavement by rollers. A processor, functionally associated with at least one sensor, receives from the sensor signals relating to characteristics of the asphalt pavement on which the mobile device is moving, and computes, based on the received signals, at least one compaction characteristic of the asphalt pavement. The processor provides a mapping of computed desired change in compaction characteristics to regions of the asphalt pavement during the rolling process. During rolling, at least one sensor measures the change in compaction and assesses when the change in compaction matches the desired optimal compaction based on the pre-generated map.

Abstract: A method for processing a radar signal is provided. The method may include receiving chirps of a radar signal, sampling the radar signal, dividing the samples that correspond to the chirp of the radar signal into at least two virtual chirps, and processing the radar signal based on the at least two virtual chirps. Also, a corresponding device is provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to adjusting a suppression signal for suppressing a radio frequency (RF) interference signal in a received signal. A method includes generating an RF signal having a first frequency offset from an interference frequency; generating the suppression signal having a second frequency offset from the interference frequency; coupling the suppression signal into the received signal in order to generate a receiver input signal; mixing the receiver input signal with the RF signal in order to generate a mixer output signal; adjusting an amplitude of the suppression signal in order to align amplitudes of different components of the mixer output signal; coupling an adjusted suppression signal, having the interference frequency and the adjusted amplitude, into the received signal; and varying a phase of the adjusted suppression signal in order to reduce a frequency component of the mixer output signal that has the first frequency offset.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein relate to a target detection apparatus and method, and a vehicle control apparatus and method. A vehicle control apparatus includes: an image sensor operable to be disposed at a vehicle so as to have a field of view of exterior of the vehicle, the image sensor configured to capture image data; a processor configured to process the image data captured by the image sensor; and a controller configured to select a control target responsive at least in part to processing by the processor of the image data.

Abstract: An FMCW radar is used to sense an object. A sensor device that senses an object by using an FMCW radar is provided. The sensor device includes: a signal processing unit that acquires a reception signal that is based on a reception wave of the FMCW radar, and senses the object; and a phase converting unit that acquires phase information from the reception signal, and tracks the object by monitoring a peak BIN, and a phase offset between the peak BIN and another BIN based on the phase information. As the reception signal, the signal processing unit may use micro-vibration data about the object to sense the object. A system including: a transceiving unit that transmits and receives an FMCW radar signal; and the sensor device according to the first aspect of the present invention is provided.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a system recording the collisions of flying animals (9) with wind turbines (1) and indicating where they fell on the ground, which comprises a wind turbine (1) composed of a tower (2), a nacelle (3), a rotor (4) with blades (5) and a sensor unit comprising one sensor (6) and peripheral devices of the sensor, characterised in that the sensor (6) mounted on the nacelle (3) and/or tower (2) of the wind turbine (1) is a LIDAR sensor or a 3D light field camera or a 3D radar scanning the space around the wind turbine (1) in the field of view (7) of the sensor (6). The object of the invention is also the method of application of the above described system for recording the collisions of flying animals (9) with wind turbines (1) and indicating where they fell on the ground and the application of the system.

Abstract: A method for obtaining an adaptive angle-Doppler ambiguity function (AF) for a target using multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar that includes a transmit antenna array having a plurality of antenna elements. The method includes generating transmit signals for transmission by the transmit antenna array, the transmit signals defining at least a first transmit trajectory of a phase center within the transmit antenna array; transmitting the transmit signals using the transmit antenna array and receiving receive signals from the target, the receive signals resulting from the incidence of the transmit signals upon the target; and obtaining at least an angle-Doppler ambiguity function (AF) from the receive signals. The first transmit trajectory is such that, in operation, the phase center undergoes random phase center motion (PCM), such that a phase center position within the transmit antenna array varies randomly with time. A system for obtaining an AF is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and electronic device for leakage cancellation. The electronic device includes a first antenna pair, a memory, and a processor. The first antenna pair includes a first transmitter antenna configured to transmit signals and a first receiver antenna configured to receive signals. The memory is configured to store data. The processor is configured to identify, from the data stored in the memory, a first leakage factor associated with at least the first antenna pair, control the first transmitter antenna to transmit a first signal, generate a first CIR based on receipt, by the first receiver antenna, of reflection of the first signal, determine leakage in the first CIR based on at least the identified first leakage factor, and cancel the determined leakage from the first CIR.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for liveliness detection. In an aspect, a radar sensor of an electronic device transmits a radar frame comprising a plurality of bursts, each burst comprising a plurality of radar pulses, and receives a plurality of reflected radar pulses. The electronic device generates a radar image representing azimuth, elevation, range, and slow time measurements for the radar frame based on the plurality of reflected pulses, applies a Doppler FFT to the radar image to convert the radar image to represent azimuth, elevation, range, and velocity measurements for the radar frame, identifies at least one area of motion in the radar image based on velocity bins of the radar image, and detects a target dynamic object based on a CFAR detection applied over the range and azimuth measurements and a SNR threshold of the received plurality of reflected pulses associated with the at least one area of motion.

Abstract: The techniques of this disclosure enable frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar-based detection of living objects. Instead of generating a chirp pattern with each chirp separated by an idle period, a radar generates a chirp pattern with multiple chirps separated by an idle period. From applying a Fourier transform to receiver signals for each frame, the radar determines an amplitude as a function of range for each frame. The radar computes the standard deviation between the amplitudes of two frames and then, for each additional frame, the radar incrementally updates the standard deviation to be inclusive of the amplitude contribution of the additional frame. That is, rather than recalculate the standard deviation for each new frame, the radar increments the standard deviation by a fraction of the amplitude for the new frame, which is proportionate to the total quantity of frames generated thus far.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for radar signaling s are described. In some systems, devices may select radar parameters (e.g., frequency modulated continuous wave waveform parameters) to support coexistence for multiple radar sources in the system. To reduce mutual interference between radar waveforms in a system, a user equipment may detect interference from at least one interference source (e.g., another device transmitting a radar waveform) and may select waveform parameters for transmission of a radar waveform based on the detected interference. For example, the user equipment may determine slopes, frequency offsets, codewords, or a combination thereof used by nearby devices in the system (e.g., per chirp or for a waveform) and may select waveform parameters that result in low mutual interference with the determined slopes, frequency offsets, codewords, or combination thereof. The user equipment may transmit the radar waveform according to the selected waveform parameters.

Abstract: Various aspects of the disclosure relate to co-existence of millimeter wave (mmW) communication and radar. In some aspects, a device that supports mmW communication and radar operations may determine whether or when to conduct radar operations based on information obtained about a nearby mmW network. For example, prior to sending radar signals, the device may monitor for mmW communication signals. As another example, the device may send at least one mmW communication signal to reserve a communication medium for subsequent radar operations. As yet another example, the device may conduct radar operations during idle or allocated time periods defined by the mmW network.

Abstract: Grid of beams (GoB) adaptation in a wireless communications circuit, particularly for a wireless communications system (WCS), is disclosed. The wireless communications circuit may be provided in the WCS to provide radio frequency (RF) coverage in a wireless communications cell. In this regard, an antenna array is provided in the wireless communications circuit to radiate the GoB, which includes a number of RF beams corresponding to an RF communications signal(s), in the wireless communications cell. In examples discussed herein, the wireless communications circuit can be configured to detect a coverage condition change in the wireless communications cell and modify the GoB accordingly. By adapting the GoB to the coverage condition change, it may be possible to reduce processing overhead and improve resource usage, data throughput, and system adaptability of the wireless communications circuit, thus helping to optimize RF coverage in the wireless communications cell.

Abstract: The present invention includes systems and methods for a continuous-wave (CW) radar system for detecting, geolocating, identifying, discriminating between, and mapping ferrous and non-ferrous metals in brackish and saltwater environments. The CW radar system generates multiple extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves simultaneously and uses said waves to detect, locate, and classify objects of interest. These objects include all types of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, as well as changing material boundary layers (e.g., soil to water, sand to mud, rock to organic materials, water to air, etc.). The CW radar system is operable to detect objects of interest in near real time.

Abstract: A radio communication system according to the present invention is a radio communication system including a transmission device and a reception device, the transmission device includes a first null insertion unit that inserts a first signal that is a signal having an electric power lower than an amplitude of the data symbols, in a time direction of data symbols, and the reception device includes a null extraction unit that extracts a first symbol that is a signal in a period corresponding to the first signal, from a received signal, a signal interpolation unit that interpolates the first symbol to reproduce interference components in periods corresponding to the data symbols, and a subtraction unit that subtracts the interference components from the received signal.

Abstract: A method and system for removing ground clutter data from time series radar data are provided. The method comprises receiving the time series radar data, applying a clutter filter to the time series radar data to generate a filtered time series radar data, applying a discrete Fourier transform to the filtered time series radar data to generate a filtered frequency domain data, determining a filter bias for one or more filter biased frequency domain frequencies of the filtered frequency domain data based on a frequency response of the clutter filter, and correcting the filtered frequency domain data by adding the filter bias to the filtered frequency domain data at the one or more filter biased frequency domain frequencies to generate a filtered and bias corrected frequency domain data.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus 500 includes an image obtaining unit 501 that obtains a plurality of frame images of the same scene including a water surface having a wave, a brightness value calculation unit 503 that calculates a brightness value corresponding to a minute region constituting each frame image based on the plurality of frame images, a pixel value extraction unit 505 that extracts a pixel value corresponding to the minute region of a frame image in which the brightness value of the minute region is a brightness value lower than the brightness value of the minute region of another frame image in the plurality of frame images, a storage unit 507 that stores the pixel value extracted by the pixel value extraction unit 505, and a composite image generation unit 509 that generates a composite image corresponding to the scene based on the pixel value stored in the storage unit 507.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus comprises an acquiring section which acquires an azimuth angle and an angular velocity of a moving object from values measured by sensors of the moving object moving in a positioning area; a storage section which stores a coefficient of a relational expression established between a moving speed and a standard deviation of the angular velocity of the moving object in association with each of a plurality of division areas for dividing the positioning area; and a positioning section which specifies a division area where the moving object is positioned per unit time to acquire the stored coefficient in association with the division area, and calculates the moving speed in the division area from the coefficient and the standard deviation of the acquired angular velocity to measure a position of the moving object in the positioning area from the moving speed and the acquired azimuth angle.

Abstract: Target detection units respectively performing detection processing of targets which are different in spatial extent from each other on the basis of a detection result of amplitude or power by a detection unit are provided, and at least one determination processing unit is configured to determine presence or absence of targets from a result of the detection processing of targets by the target detection units. As a result of this configuration, it is possible to detect a target even when it has a spatial extent.

Abstract: In various examples, the present disclosure relates to using temporal filters for automated real-time classification. The technology described herein improves the performance of a multiclass classifier that may be used to classify a temporal sequence of input signals—such as input signals representative of video frames. A performance improvement may be achieved, at least in part, by applying a temporal filter to an output of the multiclass classifier. For example, the temporal filter may leverage classifications associated with preceding input signals to improve the final classification given to a subsequent signal. In some embodiments, the temporal filter may also use data from a confusion matrix to correct for the probable occurrence of certain types of classification errors. The temporal filter may be a linear filter, a nonlinear filter, an adaptive filter, and/or a statistical filter.

Abstract: An amplitude-phase correction method and system for a microwave imaging system are provided. The method comprises: carrying out data processing, in a range direction, on an echo signal reflected from a target object and acquired by a linear array antenna according to a first pre-set algorithm to obtain a compressed signal in the range direction; extracting a range value corresponding to the maximum amplitude, in the range direction, of the compressed signal in the range direction; carrying out time delay compensation on the echo signal according to the range value to obtain a time-delay-compensated signal; carrying out data processing on the time-delay-compensated signal according to a second pre-set algorithm to obtain an amplitude-phase signal; and carrying out amplitude-phase correction on the echo signal according to the time-delay-compensated signal and the amplitude-phase signal to obtain a corrected echo signal.

Abstract: System and methods for implementing a vector sensor array surface wave radar is provided. In one or more examples, the system can include a vector sensor array antenna that includes electromagnetic elements collectively configured to receive surface wave reflections generated by radar transmit antenna waves reflecting back from targets of interest. Once received by the vector sensor array, in one or more examples, the system can further include components that can process the incoming signal and use the incoming single to determine the location of one or more targets. In one or more examples, the vector surface array antenna can include three separate loop antennas that are arranged orthogonally to one another, and three dipole antennas that are arranged orthogonally to one another. In one or more examples, the vector surface array antenna can be configured to receive signals in the high frequency (HF) band.

Abstract: An antenna module is provided. The antenna module includes a dielectric substrate, a first insulating layer, a stacked patch antenna, a ground layer, a second insulating layer, and a feeding structure. The dielectric substrate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The first insulating layer is disposed on the first surface of the dielectric substrate. The stacked patch antenna includes a first antenna radiator disposed on a side of the first insulating layer away from the dielectric substrate and a second antenna radiator disposed between the first insulating layer and the dielectric substrate. A projection of the first antenna radiator on the dielectric substrate at least partially overlaps with a projection of the second antenna radiator on the dielectric substrate. The ground layer is disposed on the second surface of the dielectric substrate, and the ground layer defines at least one slot.

Abstract: A system for generating a pulse. In some embodiments, the system includes a processing circuit configured: to reverse the sign of a first group of two consecutive bits of a binary code word; to calculate three phase change bits, of a plurality of phase change bits, according to (?1)n k(n)/k(n?1) wherein k(n) is the nth bit of the binary code word, n being a positive integer ranging from 2 to 4, and to generate a phase modulation function for a pulse including a sequence of consecutive chips.

Abstract: A radar system includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a processor. The transmitter is configured to transmit a radio signal. The receiver is configured to receive a radio signal which includes the transmitted radio signal reflected from an object in the environment. The processor is configured to control the transmitter and the receiver to at least one of mitigate interference in the received radio signals, and avoid interfering radio signals transmitted by another radio transmitter.