Abstract: An eye tracking device includes a substrate comprising a first substrate portion and a second substrate portion intersecting with the first substrate portion, an infrared light emitting element on the first substrate portion, and an image acquisition element on the second substrate portion. The infrared light emitting element is configured to emit infrared light to a user's eyeball. The image acquisition element and the infrared light emitting element are non-coplanar. The image acquisition element is configured to receive and sense the infrared light reflected by the eyeball for imaging.

Abstract: The present invention provides an eyepiece. The eyepiece is composed of one lens, which comprises a first surface and a second surface that are opposite, wherein, the first surface is a curved surface, and the second surface is a Fresnel structure surface; the Fresnel structure surface is formed by a plurality of annular zones that are sequentially arranged, to form a sawtooth surface, and each of the annular zones is formed by a working surface and a non-working surface, the working surface is an aspheric surface, and the non-working surface is a straight bevel; and the eyepiece satisfies the following conditional expression: 85°<FOV<130°, and 0°??i?5°; wherein, FOV is a maximum angle of view of the eyepiece, and ?i is the angle between the non-working surface of the ith annular zone and the optical axis.

Abstract: By configuring a micro structure portion, an image display device, and an eyepiece optical system to satisfy Expression (1), a diffusion effect of an appropriate extent can be imparted to image light with a relatively simple configuration, by taking into account the size of each of pixels constituting the image display device that is an image element, gaps between the pixels are made less noticeable, and a favorable state of visibility of an image can be obtained.

Abstract: The present application relates to an optical module, an optical device and a wearable display device. The wearable display device includes: a miniature display module, configured to output a display source; the optical module, configured to magnify the display source and project the display source to an exit pupil. The optical module includes: a first optical unit, including a first lens having a positive focal length, a second lens having a negative focal length, and a third lens having a positive focal length, the three lens being sequentially arranged along an optical path of the first optical unit; and a second optical unit, including a fourth optical element having a positive focal length, the fourth optical element including a first aspheric surface, a second aspheric surface and a reflection surface, the reflection surface changing a direction of the optical path of the first optical unit towards an exit pupil.

Abstract: A viewing device includes an interior assembly includes an interior frame having an exterior surface, an exterior assembly coupled to the interior assembly including an exterior lens, the exterior lens having an interior surface, wherein the interior surface of the exterior lens faces the exterior surface of the interior frame. The viewing device includes a reflective surface on the exterior lens, and an object located on the interior assembly adapted to project an image onto the reflective surface. The reflective surface is configured to reflect the projected image toward the interior assembly.

Abstract: A binocular kaleidoscope for the purpose of combining the field of repeating patterns associated with kaleidoscopes with stereopsis. A mirror chamber with an object window at the distal end and viewing lenses at the proximal end is utilized, which provides stereopsis covering the entire visual field of both the source material and its reflections. Real depth is provided in an embodiment utilizing physical material such as beads or liquids contained in one or more stacked transparent compartments as the source imagery. Virtual depth is provided in an embodiment utilizing stereoscopic video as the source imagery, in which case a mirrored divider bisects the mirror chamber. The video can be either be previously produced footage or generated in real time by software which can be interactively manipulated by the user in order to change programs or such parameters as color, motion and timing. A handheld device can be used to display the video.

Abstract: A parallax barrier liquid crystal panel for a stereoscopic display device, including a first substrate including an active region and a non-active region, a second substrate facing the first substrate, first, second, and third lines in the non-active region, at least one barrier electrode in the active region and connected to the first line, at least one pair of first and second transmission electrodes disposed adjacent to the barrier electrode and connected to the second and third lines, respectively, a common electrode on the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical ocular system having imaging optics that map an image generated in an object plane such that a user can perceive the same in an image plane, wherein the imaging optics comprise a first lens having negative refractive power, and a deflection element having positive refractive power, which is connected downstream of the first lens, effecting a folding of the optical path by means of a single reflection, wherein the first lens and the object plane form a first optical group, and a displacement unit is provided, which can change the distance between the first optical group and the displacement element for the correction of spherical ametropia of the user.

Abstract: A binocular device including two ocular units and directing means to allow a user to view a display, the display being moveable when the distance between the ocular units is varied for interocular adjustment to maintain focus on the display. Instead of the display being movable, focus can be maintained by the inclusion in the directing means of optical relays for transmitting parallel light. In a further embodiment, a sensor is provided, the output of which is directed for viewing via the ocular units. In yet another embodiment, image capture means are provided for recording the image from the ocular units.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes plural image forming devices and an observation optical system that includes at least a first optical system configured to fold in a first section a luminous flux from a first image forming device by using a plurality of reflective surfaces and to guide the luminous flux from the first image forming device to the exit pupil, and a second optical system configured to fold in a second section a luminous flux from a second image forming device by using a plurality of reflective surfaces and to guide the luminous flux from the second image forming device to the exit pupil, wherein the first section intersects the second section on an axis that directs from one point in the exit pupil to one point in the observation field.

Abstract: An optical relay device, comprising a light-transmissive substrate shaped as a structure having an apex section, a right section and a left section being separated from the right section by an air gap. The optical relay device further comprises at least two input optical elements located at the apex section, a right output optical element located at the right section, and a left output optical element located at the left section. The substrate and the optical elements are designed and constructed such that light is redirected by the input optical elements, propagates via total internal reflection in the direction of at least one of the sections, and redirected out of the substrate by at least one output optical element.

Abstract: A binocular device for transmitting an image into the eyes is provided. The binocular device comprises a first monocular device, for providing one eye with a first asymmetric field-of-view, and a second monocular device for providing another eye with a second asymmetric field-of-view, where the first and second asymmetric field-of-views are mutually complementary to a combined field-of-view, wider than each individual asymmetric field-of-view.

Abstract: Magnifying binoculars configured for observing a magnified image of an object, includes a frame configured to be worn by a user, a pair of magnifying optical system units provided for left and right eyes of the user, respectively, each of the magnifying optical system units including a magnifying optical system for observing the magnified image of the object, and an optical path switching unit provided on an object side of each of the magnifying optical system units, the optical path switching unit including a movable mirror and a fixed mirror. The movable mirror is configured to be moved between an operating position on an optical path on the object side of the magnifying optical system unit and an evacuated position off the optical path. The fixed mirror is configured to deflect the optical path deflected by the movable mirror when the movable mirror is located on the operating position.

Abstract: A vision assisting apparatus includes a casing for forming an inversely U-shaped optical path, a light entry, provided at one end of the optical path, through which light enters, a light exit, provided at another end of the optical path, through which light exits in an opposite direction to the light entry, an optical system for processing an image entered via the light entry by using the optical pass and outputting a processed image via the light exit, and attaching structure for attaching the casing to a wearer so that the light exit is positioned close to an eye of the wearer. By forming the inversely U-shaped optical path with the casing, it is possible to provide a sufficiently long optical path in a compact form.

Abstract: An optical system is capable of enhancing vision of low vision individuals using a simple adjustment mechanism that requires a minimum length of travel to effect a desired adjustment. First and second substantially perpendicular mirrors are mounted in a cluster for pivotable movement. An entrance mirror is pivoted in response to pivoting movement of the mirror cluster so as to ensure proper convergence when the object to be viewed is close to the objective lens or lenses in a binocular system. The system also includes an objective lens and an eyepiece lens and is readily mounted to a conventional eyeglasses frame.

Abstract: Improved binoculars are provided for viewing objects at a distance and for selectively recording a digital image of the objects. The binoculars include first and second monoculars each with an optical lightpath constructed to deliver an image of the object to one eye of the observer. Included within one of the monoculars is a beamsplitter designed to allow a portion of the light in the first optical lightpath to pass to the eye of the observer and to reflect a second portion of the light. The reflected portion of the light is directed to a digital image sensor and recording device. The other monocular includes compensating optics, such as a second beamsplitter, to alter the image to correct for the refraction and decrease in light intensity caused by the beamsplitter in the first light path. The second monocular does not include an image sensor and does not include an image recording device.

Abstract: Magnification viewer includes a conventional glasses and a pair of magnifying lens units. The magnifying lens units are fixed to respective eyeglasses of the conventional glasses so that a wearer of the glasses can observe a magnified image of an object through the magnifying lens units. The magnifying lens unit includes an ocular and an objective lens that constitute a Galilean telescope. A prism is disposed between the ocular and the objective lens for deflecting the optical axis of the magnifying lens unit towards an object placed below the head of a wearer.

Abstract: A binocular telescope with a photographing function includes a pair of telescopic optical systems, a casing for receiving the telescopic optical systems, and the casing has outer-side end portions. A camera system includes a photographing optical system, and a solid-state image sensor arranged behind and aligned with the photographing optical system, and an electronic control system electronically controls an operation of the camera system. The electronic control system is supplied with electric power from the batteries through an electric power source circuit board. The batteries and the electric power source circuit board are provided at the outer-side end portions of the casing, such that the weight is balanced between the outer-side end portions of the casing.

Abstract: The invention concerns an optical instrument having at least one binocular viewing port, in which in the two channels of at least one binocular beam path there are provided beam splitters that make it possible to reflect a portion of the beam path out onto an imaging device or the like, and to reflect into the respective channel, toward the viewing port, data or images that have been made available.

Abstract: A multi-beam tool is disclosed which can perform square, plumb, and level function which may be required in a construction environment. The tool can generate in a preferred embodiment up to five orthogonal beams with two beams being plumb and three beams being leveled. Combinations of two level beams, or a level and a plumb beam in orthogonal arrangement can produce a square alignment set of beams. The tool includes in a preferred arrangement a self-leveling pendulum to which a laser and quad-mirror arrangement is secured. The self-leveling pendulum is damped in order to allow the tool to settle down and provide alignment after the tool is positioned as desired. The quadmirror, the magnetic damping, and the coiled wire allowing power to be provided to the laser assembly, each separately, and also in combination, provide for a compact tool.

Abstract: Flyglasses having two lenses, at least one of which is faceted and both of which are held in a mount that is preferably flat. The mount can be in the form of a so-called lorgnette having a handle made in the form of a small board which is especially suited for application of decorative patterns or advertizing or it can be in the form of conventional eyeglass frames or goggles.

Abstract: Electronic binoculars comprise a body containing an electronic camera having an electromechanical zoom, a single display, a power source, and electronics for modifying the output of the camera, including a variable electronic zoom. A lens is positioned between the user's eyes and the display to further magnify the image. External controls toggle power and select modifications to the image to be performed by the electronics.

Abstract: Optical viewing glasses incorporate a visor positioned at the brow line or a wearer above the normal viewing field from which a pair of prisms depend without additional supporting structure thereby allowing the wearer to have a redirected field of vision while retaining peripheral viewing fields.

Abstract: An optical system for providing a viewer with contrast between a golf ball and its environment, including a light filter and at least one polarizer mounted in a viewing device. The light filter has no more than about 20% transmittance of light in one of the range of wavelengths of from about 500 nm to about 700 nm. The viewing device allows for the light filter and the polarizer to be arranged in front of at least one eye of the viewer. The optical system can be provided in a spotting scope, a pair of eyeglasses or an attachment to eyeglasses for ease of use.

Abstract: An apparatus for changing the direction of light incident on a surgical loupes, the loupes having two optical barrels each optical barrel having an optical assembly with an optical axis. The apparatus includes at least one optical member for redirecting light incident onto said optical assemblies from a desired direction at an angle to the optical axis of said optical assemblies; an attachment member to secure said at least one optical member to the barrels; and an alignment member for calibrating the orientation of the at least one optical member relative to the optical assemblies of the barrels so that the at least one optical member is oriented to redirect the light from said desired direction generally along the optical axes of said optical assemblies of the barrels.

Abstract: A portable viewing apparatus having a plurality of associated pairs of left and right optical modules, each pair of which can be selectively used to provide a user with a different viewing effect when viewing objects such as video monitors. Exemplary viewing effects include uniform two-dimensional magnification over a variety of ranges and disanamorphic magnification for wide-screen and three-dimensional viewing of special programming material. The selected pair of optical modules are removably attachable to mounting shoes, and separate control assemblies are configured to allow the user to manually adjust the interocular spacing and convergence/divergence of the selected optical modules.

Abstract: Low-cost complex plastic optics allow biocular viewing of video images generated by a single electro-optic display device, such as in a head-mounted display (HMD) for commercial or medical viewing applications. A dual off-axis configuration uses nearly collimated illumination optics and intermediate imaging optics to fill both eyepieces from a single display device without the need for a beamsplitter. Multiple illumination schemes are provided for either monochrome or color, and in either two-dimensional or time-sequential true stereographic presentation. Light from multicolor sources is superimposed, mixed, and homogenized by mixing light cones with diffractive collectors. Offsetting color overcorrection and undercorrection of individual optical elements achieves overall chromatic correction with minimal optical element complexity.

Abstract: Optical loupes comprise a frame supporting two optical devices, each of which has an ocular and an objective. The frame has side arms or stems and a bridge for enabling the frame to be worn like a pair of spectacles, whereby the optical devices are located immediately in front of the eyes of the viewer. The ocular and the objective each have an optical axis. The optical axis of the ocular and the optical axis of the objective intersect at an angle of about 135.degree., and a Schmidt prism redirects light from the objective to the ocular in each case. A light source is provided on the frame between the optical devices and provides a gradually diverging light beam to illuminate an object being reviewed. The optical axes of the respective objectives converge at the object being reviewed. The loupes allow the user to observe at a level below his or her normal line of sight while maintaining the head in an upright position.

Abstract: A diagnostic binocular viewing instrument includes a housing having a defined inner cavity, and a pair of adjustable eyepiece assemblies slidingly attached to said housing, each of the sliding eyepiece assemblies having an adjustable mirror for aligning to a fixed centrally disposed mirror. The eyepiece assemblies include depending locking fingers which provide releasable engagement with the instrument housing and the mirror each of retained in the eyepiece assemblies can be adjusted using a pair of spaced adjustment members in combination with a biasing spring and a oppositely arranged T-shaped projection to allow the mirror to be adjustable in at least two axes.

Abstract: A beam splitter device is disclosed for a collimator assembly which includes a housing having optics to collimate light. The beam splitter includes a base member having a tent-like structure which includes two inclined surfaces. A mirror element is supported by each of the inclined surfaces and a mechanism is included for securing the beam splitter to the housing.

Abstract: Compact binoculars for nighttime vision with a center of gravity close to the user. The binoculars have an optical architecture with an inclined principle pathway. The principle pathway extends by way of a first eyepiece pathway with a second eyepiece pathway branching in a different direction. The binoculars include a bent entrance objective conjugate with a light intensifier tube forming an image of a scene along a viewing axis. The image is next transmitted on the two eyepiece pathways to two eyepieces by way of an optical splitter. The splitter partially transmits the flux to a first eyepiece pathway inclined with respect to the plane of the eyepieces and on a second eyepiece pathway which has an axis lying in the plane perpendicular to the viewing axis and passing through the axis of the principle pathway.

Abstract: A viewing assembly for viewing a two dimensional object in three dimensions is disclosed which has vision directing means for converging the lines of sight of a user of the viewing assembly to direct the sight of each eye of the user to predetermined segments of an object being viewed, the predetermined segments being laterally spaced and partially overlapping, the angle of convergence of the lines of sight being such that the lines of sight of each eye intersect at a point between the eyes and the object whereby a segment to the left of the object is viewed by the right eye and a segment to the right of the object is viewed by the left eye. A method of ocular therapy is also disclosed wherein the vision of a patient is conditioned by viewing an object using the viewing assembly.

Abstract: A small, light, wide field (e.g. about a 15 degree field of view), Keplerian bioptic telescope is provided which preferably is mounted in association with conventional eyeglasses. A casing includes first and second open ends, a middle section, and an optical system mounted within it. The optical system includes an eye lens adjacent the casing first end, an objective lens adjacent the casing second end, and a right angle prism and penta prism between the eye lens and objective lens, disposed side by side, typically with faces in face to face engagement. A field lens may be provided between the eye lens and the prisms. The position of the objective lens is adjustable by movement toward and away from the casing middle section. An opening may be formed in a first eyeglass lens and the casing press fit into the opening so that the first end of the casing is on a first side of the eyeglass lens and the middle section is on the second side of the eyeglass lens opposite the first side, extending about 1.

Abstract: An optical illumination system according to the present invention is provided with an optical reflector for illuminating a surface to be illuminated in the shape of arc or annulus. A reflective plane of the optical reflector is shaped in a special curved surface. Specifically, an arbitrary parabola with a first axis passing through the vertex and the focus of the parabola is rotated about a second axis passing through a point located on the opposite side of the directrix of the parabola with respect to the focus and being parallel to the directrix. The rotation of the parabola yields a parabolic toric surface. The reflective plane of the optical reflector has the curved surface constituting at least a part of the parabolic toric surface. The reflective plane so shaped reflects a light source image emitted from a light source system to illuminate the surface to be illuminated in the shape of arc or annulus.

Abstract: An optical system for a Head Mounted Display for a virtual reality system that employs a single high-resolution display to generate separate right-eye and left-eye images for presentation to a user. The display projects a single image onto an array of adjacent lenses that serve to magnify it, and to project the image onto an optically distant diffuser screen. The diffuser screen, which increases the angular dispersion of the image, is in close proximity to a columnar array of microprisms. The microprism beam splitter serves to split the single image into separate right-eye and left-eye component images, and to direct each component image to its respective eyepiece at an off-axis angle. The optical system further includes two separate eyepieces, each including Fresnel lens/prisms that redeflect their respective images onto optical axes which are parallel to, but laterally displaced from the original, central optical axis.

Abstract: Binoculars having two telescopic optical systems for forming a stereoscopic image of an object. Each telescopic optical system has an image sensor, a first optical system, a second optical system and a display. The first optical system forms an image of the object on the image sensor, with the image sensor outputting an electrical signal that represents the image. The second optical system is used for viewing another image of the object. The display reproduces the electrical signal output by the image sensor. The binocular further includes a switch that switches between a first mode where the image is viewed using the second optical system, and a second mode where the image is reproduced using the display.

Abstract: A binocular expanded field of view spectacle mounted microscope including a single microscope provided in front of and mounted to a bridge of a spectacle frame, a first pair of optical path deflectors rotatably connected to the spectacle frame of each side of the bridge of the frame and projecting into a line of sight and visual axis in a direction of the microscope and a second pair of optical path deflectors mounted on the spectacle frame such that a line sight and visual axis from the microscope deflected by the first pair of optical path deflectors is directed towards each eye of a wearer whereby a field of view for each eye is partially overlapped by rotating the first pair of optical path deflectors to provide an expanded field of view including a single zone of binocular vision and a zone of monocular vision on each side of the single zone of binocular vision.

Abstract: A binocular ophthalmoscope having a pair of eyepieces that are mounted in a frame and arranged to view a target area in the eye through a pair of angularly offset reflecting surfaces. The reflecting surfaces are seated on a carriage that is mounted for reciprocation in the frame. A mirror is pivotally mounted in the frame and arranged to direct a beam of light at the target area. A camming mechanism connects the mirror and the carriage so that the axis of the light beam and the axes of the image paths to the reflecting surfaces all move closer together as the carriage moves in one direction and moves further apart as the carriage moves in the opposite direction.

Abstract: An optical device for reorienting an optical image from a first optical pathway to a second optical pathway and the method of manufacturing such an optical device. In a preferred embodiment, a housing is provided that defines at least two optical pathways. Both optical pathways align with a common aperture in the housing. Since both optical pathways are generally cylindrically shaped and the common aperture aligns with both optical pathways, the common aperture is elliptical in shape so as to correspond to the plane of intersection between the two cylindrical pathways. A generally rectangular mirror, that is larger than the elliptical aperture in the housing, is placed over the aperture on the exterior of the housing. As a result, the mirror covers the area of the elliptical aperture and redirects any light passing through the elliptical aperture from one of the optical pathways into the other optical pathway.

Abstract: An optical device which provides a three dimensional view of a two dimensional image, such as a television picture. A plurality of mirrors is utilized to present to the two eyes images which are displaced from positions which would normally occur without the interposition of said optical device. As a part of this process, the two images are slightly rotated in opposite directions. When the mirrors are suitably adjusted, the two displaced images appear to merge and form a three dimensional image.

Abstract: A stereoptic viewer comprised of a vertical panel supported by rearwardly extending temples for mounting on a person's ears, the panel defining an opening through which both eyes of the person may see. A first side of the opening provides an unobstructed view of the screen or image to be observed, while the thin (second) side of the opening is intercepted by a mirror held at a 45 degree angle to pick up the image appearing on a second 45 degree angle mirror, extending away from the first side of the opening. Thereby, the image observed is slightly displaced to provide the stereoptic effect. At least one mirror may be slightly adjustable.

Abstract: An optical arrangement for a helmet-mounted display for providing binocular presentation to a pilot from a single display source or for superimposing the images from two display sources on his helmet-mounted display. In one embodiment a single display source 1 provides an image which is alternately directed between left and right eyes of the pilot by means of one scanning mirror 4 and two fixed mirrors 5a and 5b. An iris 3 opens and closes in synchronism with the movement of the scanning mirror 4 in order to prevent image distortion. Because only one display source is required, the weight of the arrangement is kept to a minimum. In another embodiment, using similar core elements the images from two display sources are alternately projected on to the pilot's visor by means of similar fixed mirrors 5a and 5b and a scanning mirror 4, but using two iris' 3+ and 3" synchronised to the mirror movements one in each optical path from display source 1' (or 1") to fixed mirror 5a (or 5b).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved collimator assembly that includes two separate optical paths. Each optical path passes through a corrector lens arrangement substantially centered and aligned with one of two eyepiece lens assemblies. Each corrector lens arrangement is constructed so as to selectively refract light passing through it, in such a manner so as to counteract and reduce the axial chromatic aberrations that occur in the eyepiece lens assemblies.

Abstract: The disclosed display device for simulators has an off-axis collimated display system: a spherical screen and a spherical mirror that are fixed to a helmet worn by the user. This device gives a wide horizontal field and a relatively low attenuation of the external view.

Abstract: A binocular surgical loupe which enhances the illumination of the viewed field while avoiding flare effects of illuminating light within the loupe optics. The binocular system utilizes circularly polarized illumination and viewing to prevent flare effects and additionally enhances the illumination of the field of view by utilization of the illumination source waste beam that results from the presence of a beam splitter in the illumination path within the loupe. In addition, a camera system is provided which permits remote viewing of the user's field of view. In one embodiment the camera and view paths include separate, identical zoom lenses which are synchronously controlled so that the fields of illumination and view are kept coextensive. In another embodiment for a binocular loupe, the loupe optics for one eye combines illumination and viewing functions while the loupe for the other eye combines camera and viewing functions.