Abstract: A sanitizing unit configured for use in an air distribution system of a passenger aircraft is disclosed. The sanitizing unit may include an input structure connected to a cabin air supply plenum, a UV reflective insert that defines an irradiation chamber, at least one ultraviolet (UV) light emitting diode (LED) positioned to provide UV radiation to an airflow within the irradiation chamber, a UV attenuator; and an output structure connected to at least one overhead passenger vent, wherein the at least one overhead passenger vent is configured to output a treated airflow.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a chemical reaction which creates a product, wherein at least one reactant that is present in a liquid phase is subjected to a pressure change.

Abstract: A photocatalytic system for reducing airborne contaminants using an ultraviolet (UV) emitter and photocatalytic cells, the system comprises four (4) photocatalytic cells that, in combination, substantially form an enclosure for the UV emitter. Each photocatalytic cell is positioned at an angle with reference to its adjacent photocatalytic cell.

Abstract: The sterilization mask with UVC reflective chamber includes a chamber with reflective liner, through which inhaled and exhaled air passes. The reflective chamber is also referred to as a sterilization chamber. Using a reflective chamber ensures each photon of UVC light has a long life, thus dissipating slowly. Increasing the life of the UVC photons decreases the quantity of photons that must be created. Thus, less power is required to achieve the sterilization. Sterilization is defined as a 6-log reduction (99.9999%) of various microbes including viruses, bacteria, and spores. The reflective chamber is made reflective using an UVC internal reflective surface. This surface is preferably formed from ePTFE, or other equivalently UVC reflective material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device for sonicating a biological sample. In one embodiment, a sample tube holder is pivotally suspended in a mount of a sonication device, thus allowing for a rotational degree of freedom and/or lateral movement that provides an optimized contact area between the sonotrode and the sample tube. Also disclosed is a method for sonicating a biological sample using the device described herein.

Abstract: Systems and methods for pulsing high intensity narrow spectrum light are provided. In one example embodiment, a lighting system includes can include one or more high intensity narrow spectrum light sources configured to emit high intensity narrow spectrum light. The lighting system can further include a power circuit configured to provide power to the one or more high intensity narrow spectrum light sources and a pulsing circuit configured to control delivery of power to the one or more high intensity narrow spectrum light sources so as to pulse the emission of high intensity narrow spectrum light from the one or more high intensity narrow spectrum light sources.

Abstract: Embodiments disclose an apparatus and methods for biological sample processing enabling isolation and enrichment of microbial or pathogenic constituents from the sample. A vessel for sample containment and extraction is further disclosed for engagement with a transducer capable of efficient sample disruption and lysis. Together these components provide a convenient and inexpensive solution for rapid sample preparation compatible with downstream analysis techniques.

Abstract: A method for reducing moisture of a material includes applying microwave radiation combined with RF to the material to heat and evacuate moisture from the material during a heating cycle and optionally alternating heating cycles with drying/cooling cycles. In particular, a method is disclosed to reduce a moisture content level of a material that comprises introducing the material or plant vertically into a drying enclosure using a vertical feed mechanism. The method further includes irradiating a portion of the material or plant with microwave to heat and vaporize moisture within the material or plant during a heating cycle; combining or alternating the microwave with RF heating for a time interval during the heating cycle to reduce the moisture content level of the material or plant; and alternating the heating cycle with a cooling cycle.

Abstract: A load and sterilization combination control circuit arranged on a suction device includes a main control unit, a battery management unit, a load output unit, a load detection circuit and an ultraviolet sterilization circuit including an operation switch and an enabled switch connected with the operation switch in series and the main control unit. The load detection unit and the enabled switch are conducted to externally output. When a load of the suction device applied on the load output unit is detected by the main control unit via the load, detection circuit, the operation switch is configured to perform on-off control on the entire ultraviolet sterilization circuit after the enabled switch is turned on. The present disclosure can avoid waste electricity due to misoperation by performing a linkage control thereof and the ultraviolet sterilization circuit can work normally only after by connecting with the load and closing the operation switch.

Abstract: There are provided an apparatus capable of treating biological particles in a sterile state, and a treatment apparatus. An apparatus for forming a liquid flow including biological particles includes: a chamber member; a sample liquid supply portion; a sheath liquid supply portion; and a vibrating electrode member. The chamber member includes a chamber and a flow cell extending from an interior to an exterior of the chamber. The sample liquid supply portion is configured to supply a sample liquid including the biological particles into the chamber. The sheath liquid supply portion is configured to supply a sheath liquid into the chamber. The vibrating electrode member extends from the interior to the exterior of the chamber, is made of an electrically conductive material, and is configured to be capable of supplying an electric charge to the sheath liquid and the sample liquid in the chamber and propagating an ultrasonic vibration.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing moisture of a fibrous material includes applying microwave radiation combined with RF to the fibrous material to heat and evacuate moisture from the fibrous material during a heating cycle and optionally alternating heating cycles with drying/cooling cycles. The fibrous material can be, for example, sawn or dimensional lumber. The application of alternating microwave and RF in a controlled and continuous process advantageously mimics the heating, rewetting and drying cycles of a conventional kiln without the need for batch processing. Accordingly, a faster and more cost-efficient drying process is possible with no defects imparted to the wood in the process.

Abstract: Assembly kit, comprising a sonication device (10) and a support (20) for sample tubes (30). The device comprises a tank (13) and an ultrasound wave generator (15) coupled to the tank and designed to generate ultrasound waves having a frequency of between 20 kHz and 80 kHz. The tank comprises an indicator (132) of a level (133) of liquid. The support for sample tubes comprises a means (21) for the support of several sample tubes of a size of 0.2 ml, a rod (22) secured to the support means, and a means (23) for suspending the rod in the tank. The rod has a length such that, in the assembly position, the sample tubes (30) are positioned with their lower end between 8 mm and 12 mm below the indicator (132) of the level of liquid.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide an apparatus for denaturing double strand nucleic acids to single strand nucleic acids, and a method for denaturing double strand nucleic acids to single strand nucleic acids, which may become an alternative means to the thermal denaturation. [Solution] A nucleic acid denaturation apparatus 100 according to the present invention is provided with a vibration generation part 10 for generating vibration to be given to a nucleic acid solution containing double strand nucleic acids, which gives the vibration that occurs in the vibration generation part to the nucleic acid solution, thereby denaturing the double strand nucleic acids in the nucleic acid solution to single strand nucleic acids.

Abstract: A small reactor, which contains an inorganic transparent substrate, which contains: a reaction channel configured to allow a chemical reaction to proceed therein; a supply channel, which is connected to one end of the reaction channel, and is configured to supply samples to be reacted in the reaction channel; and a discharge channel, which is connected to the other end of the reaction channel, and is configured to discharge a reaction product from the reaction channel, wherein the inorganic transparent substrate is in the shape of an arc-shaped curve.

Abstract: A method of causing an object to act as a cavitation nucleus comprising the steps of providing a sound energy source capable of generating a sound energy over a plurality of frequency ranges, providing a target object contained in a liquid, coupling the sound energy source to the liquid, determining a specific frequency range, within the frequency ranges, that resonates the target object, and exposing the target object to sound energy at the specific frequency range to cause the target object to act as a cavitation nucleus.

Abstract: Devices for separating materials from a host fluid are disclosed. The devices include a flow chamber, an ultrasonic transducer, and a reflector. The ultrasonic transducer and reflector create an angled acoustic standing wave oriented at an angle relative to the direction of mean flow through the flow chamber. The angled acoustic standing wave results in an acoustic radiation force having an axial force component that deflects the materials, so that the materials and the host fluid can thus be separated. The angled acoustic standing wave can be oriented at an angle of about 20° to about 70° relative to the direction of mean flow through the flow chamber to deflect, collect, differentiate, or fractionate the materials from the fluid flowing through the device at flow rates of about 400 mL/min up to about 700 mL/min.

Abstract: A method of treating suspended solids and heavy metal ions in sewage includes (step 1) adding an iron sulfate reagent to a portion of sewage to be treated such that suspended solids therein undergo preliminary precipitation, and then separating the portion of sewage into primarily treated sewage with low turbidity and low density sludge (LDS); (step 2) filling a tank with the LDS, wherein the tank comprises a first inlet and a first outlet above the first inlet; and (step 3) conveying the other portion of sewage to be treated or the preliminarily treated sewage to the tank through the first inlet such that the sewage percolates though the LDS in the tank to fluidize the LDS and bind the suspended solid to the LDS, and in consequence, after percolating through the sludge, the treated sewage exits the tank through the outlet effluent.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating particles from a fluid stream includes a flow chamber that has at least one inlet and at least one outlet. At least one ultrasonic transducer is located on a wall of the flow chamber. The transducer includes a piezoelectric array with at least two piezoelectric elements. The piezoelectric array includes a piezoelectric material to create a multi-dimensional acoustic standing wave in the flow chamber. A reflector is located on the wall on the opposite side of the flow chamber from the at least one ultrasonic transducer.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods including a sonicator for sample preparation are provided. A sonicator may be used to mix, resuspend, aerosolize, disperse, disintegrate, or de-gas a solution. A sonicator may be used to disrupt a cell, such as a pathogen cell in a sample. Sample preparation may include exposing pathogen-identifying material by sonication to detect, identify, or measure pathogens. A sonicator may transfer ultrasonic energy to the sample solution by contacting its tip to an exterior wall of a vessel containing the sample. Multipurpose devices including a sonicator also include further components for additional actions and assays. Devices, and systems comprising such devices, may communicate with a laboratory or other devices in a system for sample assay and analysis. Methods utilizing such devices and systems are provided. The improved sample preparation devices, systems and methods are useful for analyzing samples, e.g. for diagnosing patients suffering from infection by pathogens.

Abstract: An ultraviolet radiation system to decontaminate small objects such as TV remote controls, hospital bed controls, cell phones, computer tablets and the like which are present in a hospital or other health care facility. The system includes a plurality of UVC lamps arranged in a table top sized housing and having a UVC transmissive shelf in the housing for support of objects to be decontaminated. The system has a microprocessor based controller and can kill Clostridium difficile and other pathogens to thereby decontaminate items in 30 seconds or less.

Abstract: A method and device for producing crystalline active ingredient particles. The active ingredient is crystallized from a supersaturated solution on the surface of particles of the active ingredient. A suspension of active ingredient particles is subjected to wet grinding in a supersaturated solution of the active ingredient in a first module. At least a part of the suspension is fed from the first module into the second module where it is cooled and simultaneously subjected to ultrasound. The suspension is fed back into the first module after cooling and being subjected to ultrasound. Active ingredient solution and optionally antisolvent are added to the suspension and active ingredient particles and liquid phase are extracted. A relative supersaturation of the active ingredient in the liquid phase of the suspension, relative to the entire liquid phase, is ?90%, and the extracted active ingredient particles comprise a mean particle size of 10-500 ?m.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of treating a target area with an ultrasound wave pattern, including: providing an ultrasound apparatus having an ultrasound wave generator operatively attached to a plurality of transducers, coupled to an immersible support and configured to emit an ultrasound wave; immersing the apparatus into a water environment; positioning the apparatus proximate to a target area to treat at least one in situ organism; and emitting a pattern of ultrasound waves from the transducers, the pattern of ultrasound waves additive in effect and emitted onto the target area to threat an in situ underwater organism.

Abstract: Systems and methods for disinfecting medical instruments are provided. In one embodiment, a system can include a hood to provide a clean zone, a chamber to dispose within the clean zone, and an ultrasonicator. More specifically, the chamber can include a volume and can be configured to retain a fluid and receive medical instruments. The chamber can also include a portal through which fluids enter or leave the chamber. The ultrasonicator can be used to sonicate the volume when the fluid is present. A related method of disinfecting medical instruments can be accomplished using the systems of the present disclosure.

Abstract: The invention is a piezoelectric self-cleaning apparatus, such as a chemical injection pump. The chemical injection pump is self-cleaning by employing either as an integral part or as an added part, a piezoelectric component that implosively cleans the pump head. This invention involves a liquid delivery system made of a liquid processing path and a piezoelectric actuator connected to or integral with said liquid processing path to enhance removal of unwanted solids from the liquid processing path or to maintain a blend, mix and/or integrity of a liquid chemical, wherein the liquid chemical does not precipitate particles, crystallize, separate or come out of solution.

Abstract: An industrial microwave ultrasonic reactor has an inner wall liner. A microwave generation device is formed by microwave units distributed on an outer sidewall, or by a microwave pipe disposed outside the reactor and microwave units distributed on the microwave pipe. One end of the microwave pipe communicates with the bottom of the reactor via a connection pipe I, and the other end communicates with the top via a return pipe. A shield is disposed outside the microwave generation device to separate the microwave units from the outside, and a heat removal device is disposed outside the shield. An ultrasonic wave generation device is formed by 10 to 30 sets of ultrasonic pulse units disposed at intervals along the outer sidewall. Each set has 10 to 50 members distributed along the circumferential direction of the reactor. A stirring shaft is fixed below a stirring motor and extends into the reactor.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for preparing a graphene-structured material, the apparatus includes a supply hopper configured to supply graphite oxide; a supply line of which an end is connected to a lower end of the supply hopper; a reducing atmosphere gas supply unit connected to a side of the supply line; a vertical fluidized bed furnace of which a lower part is connected to another end of the supply line and configured to reduce the supplied graphite oxide with thermal-expansion; a discharge line of which an end is connected to an upper part of the vertical fluidized bed furnace; a vibrating type vertical micro filter connected to an opening portion on a side of the discharge line; a vacuum pump connected to the vertical micro filter; and, a collector positioned under the vertical micro filter and connected to another end of the discharge line.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved water treatment cavitation reactor cone. The tank operates on a continuous flow of fluids which are subjected to ultrasonic waves in combination with a high level of injected ozone. The treatment tank includes a tangential inlet that induces a rotating flow into the tank thereby increasing the mixing of the ozone within the effluent. The effluent is further treated with DC current. The treatment tank provides a cost efficient and environmentally friendly process and apparatus for cleaning and recycling fluids as contaminated as frac water, used to stimulate gas production from shale formations, as well as other types of fluids having various levels of contaminants such as aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and suspended solids. The calcium carbonate scaling tendency is reduced to an acceptable level without the use of acids, ion exchange materials, or anti scaling chemicals which is of economical and environmental significance and benefit.

Abstract: Systems are provided with varying flow chamber configurations which acoustically agglomerate microorganisms such as algae for separation from a host fluid such as water. Related apparatus, systems, techniques and articles are also described.

Abstract: A method and devices comprise a low frequency high energy ultrasound system having at least one sonotrode projecting into a reactor vessel through which the liquid passes via at least one inlet orifice and at least one outlet orifice. To avoid cavitation at the sonotrode, in a close region of the oscillation-transducing sonotrode surface a pressure/amplitude combination close to or above the pressure-amplitude characteristic line is generated at which considerably reduced or no cavitation occurs and in the adjacent region in the vessel at least in a region and at least at times a pressure/amplitude combination is maintained below the pressure-amplitude characteristic line at which cavitation is generated. A device has an inlet orifice arranged such that the liquid impacts directly onto the oscillation-transducing sonotrode surface, and is shaped that in the close region of the oscillation-transducing sonotrode surface a pressure close to or above the pressure-amplitude characteristic line prevails.

Abstract: An electrochlorination and electrochemical system for the on-site generation and treatment of municipal water supplies and other reservoirs of water, by using a custom mixed oxidant and mixed reductant generating system for the enhanced destruction of water borne contaminants by creating custom oxidation-reduction-reactant chemistries with real time monitoring. A range of chemical precursors are provided that when acted upon in an electrochemical cell either create an enhanced oxidation, or reduction environment for the destruction or control of contaminants. Chemical agents that can be used to control standard water quality parameters such as total hardness, total alkalinity, pH, total dissolved solids, and the like are introduced via the chemical precursor injection subsystem infrequently or in real time based on sensor inputs and controller set points.

Abstract: Disclosed is a water treatment apparatus for treating Lake Okeechobee water. The treatment apparatus operates on a continuous flow of water which is subjected to hydrodynamic waves, acoustic ultrasonic waves in combination with injected ozone and electrolysis. The treatment system provides a cost efficient and environmentally friendly process for cleaning contaminated water that is directed into estuaries, lagoons, intracoastal waterway, everglades, and the ocean. Treatment includes addressing various levels of contaminants such as aerobic bacteria, often called a green slime that produces a bio-film. The apparatus can be mounted on a vessel to permit targeting of algae blooms.

Abstract: An ultrasonic oscillation machine for manufacturing porous collagen matrices has a hollow body, a vessel, a conveyor, multiple frames, multiple oscillation devices and an ultrasonic mechanism. The vessel is mounted in the body. The frames are connected to the conveyor. The conveyor moves the frames to leave from or to be put into the vessel. Each frame has multiple containers to carry subjects. The oscillation devices are connected respectively to the frames. The ultrasonic mechanism is mounted in the vessel. During the manufacturing process, the oscillation devices and the ultrasonic mechanism operate to provide affection. Then the connective tissues in the containers gradually become porous collagen matrices.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment component for treating an exhaust produced by an engine. The exhaust treatment component includes a housing, a first exhaust treatment component substrate positioned within the housing, and a dosing module for dosing a reagent exhaust treatment fluid into the exhaust. The dosing module is secured to the housing and positioned upstream of the first exhaust treatment component substrate. An ultrasonic transducer is positioned between the dosing module and the first exhaust treatment component substrate. The ultrasonic transducer is configured to emit a plurality of ultrasonic waves into the exhaust including the reagent exhaust treatment fluid.

Abstract: A method for disinfecting a volume or surfaces bounding a volume comprising nebulizing a solution comprising a sterilizing agent in a solvent having a lower boiling point than the sterilizing agent, for example ultrasonic nebulization of aqueous hydrogen peroxide, to form a nebulant. The nebulant is subjected to energy of a kind and for a duration sufficient to vaporize solvent in preference to sterilizing agent, eg heating element means, infra red, laser, microwave, RF or other radiation generating means; induction heating means; heat exchanger means; conduction means; convection means; or mechanical energy transfer means to increase the concentration of the agent in the nebulant particles. Vaporized solvent is removed from the gas stream at or above atmospheric pressure and, if necessary, the nebulant is cooled to below 70° C. The volume or surfaces are exposed to the nebulant for a time sufficient to sterilize said volume or surfaces. Also, apparatus for carrying out the method.

Abstract: Methods and systems for acoustically treating material using an acoustic energy system having a movable outer surface that contacts a sample holder. The outer surface may be cylindrical and rotate about a central axis, e.g., so that a sample holder may be driven to move by the outer surface. Acoustic energy may be emitted from within the outer surface to a treatment area outside of, and near, the outer surface. Thus, a sample holder in contact with the outer surface may have a sample exposed to acoustic energy while rotation of the outer surface may move the sample holder relative to treatment area. One or more additional rollers or other components may bias the sample holder into contact with the outer surface, to e.g., so the sample holder is squeezed between the outer surface and a roller or other biasing component.

Abstract: A method for generating hydrogen plasma includes a step for preparing a solution in which hydrogenated hydrogen with ion binding properties or ortho hydrogen molecules have been dissolved. The method also includes exposing the solution to ultrasonic waves or microwaves. Preferably, microbubbles are agitated by projecting ultrasonic waves or microwaves as solar energy, generating hydrogen plasma when the microbubbles burst.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for desalination of salt water based on an engineered acoustic field that causes constructive and destructive interference at pre-computed spatial positions. The engineered acoustic field can cause high-pressure and low-pressure regions where desalination membranes are located. The induced pressure from the acoustic field can force pure water through the membranes leaving ionic and dissolved molecular species behind.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. The method includes removing at least a portion of acids from a hydrocarbon stream. The hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream may be treated to convert acetylene to another hydrocarbon process. The method according to certain aspects includes controlling the level of acids in the hydrocarbon stream by use of adsorbents or basic solutions.

Abstract: Crude oil-contaminated objects are remediated by mixing crude oil-contaminated objects with an aqueous solution including co-solvents, electrolytes, and anionic surfactants. The co-solvents are selected from the group consisting of secondary butyl alcohol and isopropanol. The electrolytes are selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride and sodium chloride. The aqueous solution comprises between 5% and 10% of secondary butyl alcohol by weight; between 1% to 8% of an anionic surfactant by weight; and between 3000 mg/L and 5000 mg/L electrolytes.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a device for feeding and/or discharging fluids in microreactor arrays through one or several fluid ducts that extend into each individual microreactor and can be individually controlled and regulated, in order to control, regulate, influence, and/or verify processes. The fed or discharged amounts of fluid are introduced into or discharged from the volume of the reaction liquid during a continuous shaking process and are evenly mixed as a result of the shaking process. The continuous shaking process causes sufficient mass transfer and thorough mixing of the reaction partners or fluids while the reaction is not limited or restricted by the mass transfer conditions.

Abstract: After absorbing oxygen together with carbon dioxide in an absorber 103, absorbing liquid 104a is supplied to oxygen collecting units 13 and 14. The oxygen collecting units 13 and 14 include silver to collect the oxygen in the absorbing liquid 104a and eliminate the oxygen from the absorbing liquid 104a. A regenerating unit 15 separates and recovers the oxygen collected in one of the two oxygen collecting units 13 and 14 to regenerate the oxygen collecting unit when the other oxygen collecting unit is supplied with the absorbing liquid 104a. A continuous operation can be achieved by switching and using the two oxygen collecting units 13 and 14.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a biochip with a piezoelectric element for ultrasonic standing wave generation. The biochip comprises an upper module, a lower module, and a chemical sensor. The piezoelectric element is integrated within the upper module of the biochip. The piezoelectric element can generate ultrasonic standing waves (USW) in the reaction chamber of the biochip by manipulating the operation frequency so the particles being detected can effectively move toward the QCM sensing surface. Hence, the biochip significantly increases the sensitivity and reduces the time required to reach equilibrium when undergoing USW excitation. The biochip of the present invention can be broadly applied to the bio-detection in medical and pharmaceutical fields.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved water treatment apparatus. The treatment apparatus is pressurized and operates on a continuous flow of fluids which are subjected to hydrodynamic waves, acoustic ultrasonic waves in combination with injected ozone. The treatment tank includes a tangential inlet that induces a rotating flow into the tank thereby increasing the mixing of the ozone within the effluent. The ozonated fluid is further electro chemically treated with DC current. The treatment tank provides a cost efficient and environmentally friendly process and apparatus for cleaning and recycling fluids as contaminated as frac water, used to stimulate gas production from shale formations, as well as other types of fluids having various levels of contaminants such as aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and suspended solids.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for producing water having redox activity. In the apparatus, at least one of oxygen, ozone, chlorine, nitrogen monoxide, and ammonia as a reaction precursor is previously mixed into water or running water while regulating the concentration of the dissolved substance followed by the application of ultrasonic vibrations, whereby active oxygen species are generated in water. In another embodiment, water or running water is brought into contact with a catalyst to which ultrasonic vibrations or electromagnetic waves have been applied, whereby active oxygen species are generated in water.

Abstract: A method for separating, or removing, particulate material, e.g., blood cells, from a sample of fluid, e.g., whole blood of a patient, in which the particulate material is suspended. In the case of separating blood cells from blood plasma or blood serum, the resulting samples of blood plasma or blood serum can be used for in vitro diagnostic applications. In normal practice, a whole blood sample of a patient are provided and then introduced into an apparatus that contains a flow channel. An acoustic field, which contains acoustic standing waves from external ultrasonic transducers, is located within the flow channel. Laminar flow is maintained in the flow channel. Blood cells and platelets are separated from blood plasma or blood serum at the end of the flow channel and collected. The method described herein allows fluid components to differentially migrate to areas of preferred acoustic interaction.

Abstract: An equipment assembly for preparing, harvesting and collecting particles is disclosed. The assembly comprises a tandem filter system with one or more high pressure filters, one or more low pressure filters and one or more collection vessel. Particles can be prepared, harvested and collected continuously, semi-continuously or in a batch-type operation. A tandem filter system and its method of use are also disclosed. Particles made with the assembly and according the instant methods are also disclosed. The assembly provides improved particle harvesting and collection over other systems and permits continuous particle formation, in particular by dispersion of a solute-containing process fluid within a supercritical anti-solvent.

Abstract: A sonic reactor and resonating components for sonic reactors are disclosed; where these resonating components may have optimized mass and shape. The mass of the resonating component may be redistributed to increase the energy transmission of towards the resonance chambers and optimize the system for specific application requirements. The proper selection of the material may allow improved elasticity and lower internal damping, which may increase the amplitude at a given power and the tuning of the natural frequency; these factors may also translate on higher energy transmission towards the resonance chambers.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for synthesizing nanoparticles are provided.

Abstract: A production apparatus for an electric storage material includes a dissolution device that dissolves a thickener in a solvent by applying vibration to the solvent, and a kneading device that kneads a solution of the thickener having an adjusted viscosity and an active substance. The thickener is dissolved in the solvent, and a powder of the active substance and the like are dispersed and kneaded in the solution of the thickener having the adjusted viscosity. Thus, kneading can be performed in a short time, and damage to the active substance can be suppressed.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods for separation of particulate from water using ultrasonically generated acoustic standing waves.