Abstract: A method includes varying at least one condition of water in a water system while (i) measuring an amount of deposit control agent (DCA) in the water to detect a change in the amount of DCA in the water; and (ii) measuring scaling in the water system to detect a change in the amount of scaling; and correlating the detected change in the measured amount of DCA with the detected change in scaling in the water in order to predict and monitor the onset of scaling.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting corrosion of pipelines and other metal surfaces, particularly those used in the oil-and-gas industry, is disclosed. The method comprises treating a brine-exposed metal surface with a film-forming composition. The composition comprises a quaternary surfactant, which is made by reacting a polyalkylene glycol (PAG), a haloalkanoic acid, and a tertiary fatty amine that optionally incorporates amide or ester functionality. The surfactant comprises a PAG monoester quat and a PAG diester diquat and may have other components. The quaternary surfactants provide good corrosion protection and can partition effectively from an oily phase into a brine phase in the absence of agitation. The surfactants are easy to synthesize economically and have structures that can be tailored to meet local HLB requirements.

Abstract: Use of a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) composition (Q) for chemical mechanical polishing of a substrate (S) comprising (i) cobalt and/or (ii) a cobalt alloy, wherein the CMP composition (Q) comprises (A) Inorganic particles (B) a triazine derivative of the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are independently from each other H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, C2-C10-alkylcarboxylic acid, hydroxymethyl, vinyl or allyl (C) at least one amino acid, (D) at least one oxidizer (E) an aqueous medium and wherein the CMP composition (Q) has a pH of from 7 to 10.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds and methods useful in applications relating to industrial water systems. The compounds of the present invention are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds comprising a benzotriazole covalently bonded to a benzimidazole moiety, and provide enhanced protection against corrosion of metals in aqueous systems. The compounds of the present invention are generally resistant to halogen attack and provide good corrosion resistance in the presence of oxidizing halogen-based biocides.

Abstract: This invention covers a formulation providing protection against corrosion in liquid and vapor phase. Such formulations are used in applications where engine parts or fuel cell systems are subjected to a “running-in” or “hot-test” prior to final assembly or storage. The invention includes a concentrate as well as a dilute solution. The synergistic combination of inorganic ammonium derivatives in combination with monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acids increases the period of protection. This enables storage for a longer period when the engine parts are shipped or stored prior to assembling. The use of the described invention pre-conditions the metal surface and provides protection even if afterwards the liquid is almost completely removed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process of oxygenated feed-water treatment of boilers in power station, carried out under an OT treatment process, suitable for both the monotube type boiler and the drum type boiler, and comprising an oxygenation stage comprising: a normal oxygenation converting stage and a decreased oxygenation film-supplementing stage; the normal oxygenation converting stage is a stage in which the feed water system is oxygenated both at the outlet of a condensate polishing system and at the inlet of a feed water pump of a high pressure feed water system, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the main steam is controlled to be ?5 ?g/L; the decreased oxygenation film-supplementing stage is a stage in which, after an oxide film is formed in the feed water system, the amount of oxygenation at the high pressure feed water system is decreased so that the amount of the oxygen added is only for supplementing and maintaining the oxide film, while the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the

Abstract: A method of producing a fertilizer composition containing micronized sulphur wherein elemental sulphur is dissolved in anhydrous or hydrous ammonia to form an ammonia/sulphur solution and the ammonia/sulphur solution is reacted with an acidic component having at least one plant growth constituent to simultaneously form a sulphur composition comprising a sulphur compound and micronized sulphur. The thus formed fertilizer composition is dried and can be formed into various shapes such as pellets, prills, etc.

Abstract: Aminoethers are used as corrosion inhibitors in boiler systems in which a working fluid comprising water with an aminoether corrosion inhibitor is circulated from a heater to a utilization site at which the working fluid gives up energy and decreases in temperature. A preferred class of aminoethers are the alkoxytriethyleneglycol-tert-alkylamines such as methoxy triethyleneglycol-tert-butylamine.

Abstract: There is provided the use of cellulose nanocrystals as a corrosion inhibitor for inhibiting corrosion of a metal object made of steel. The use includes using acid to impart ester groups onto the cellulose nanocrystals. The use includes dispersing an effective corrosion inhibiting amount of the cellulose nanocrystals having the ester groups within a composition comprising a carrier essentially consisting of water. The cellulose nanocrystals are provided in an amount equal to or greater than 0.1% by weight of the carrier and equal to or less than 3.0% by weight of the carrier. The use includes applying an effective corrosion inhibiting amount of the composition to the metal object such that the composition is adapted to inhibit corrosion of the metal object by 8% or more.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and small molecules having a phosphate group that can be used to inhibit phosphate transport and to treat or prevent diseases that are related to disorders in the maintenance of normal serum phosphate levels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a corrosion inhibitor for use in the oil and gas exploration, recovery and processing industries. In particular, the invention relates to a quaternary ammonium compound suitable for use as such a corrosion inhibitor, to the manufacture of the quaternary ammonium compound, to compositions containing it, and to methods of using it. Quaternary ammonium compounds of the invention have the formula (I) in which R is C1-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl; X, Y, and Z are each independently hydrogen, or R1CO—, provided that at least one of X, Y and Z is R1CO, where R1 is C5-23 alkyl or alkenyl containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds; D is C2-6 alkylene; E is C2-4 alkylene; p, q and r are each, independently, integers from 0 to 20, with the proviso that p+q+r is from 3 to 20; and A? is an anion.

Abstract: Corrosion protection formulation comprising (A) from 0.01 to 5% by weight of alkylamine ethoxylates as surfactant component, (B) from 0.01 to 10% by weight of corrosion inhibitors, (C) from 0 to 0.3% by weight of thickeners, (D) from 5 to <75% by weight of freezing point-lowering alcohols selected from among alkanols, glycols, polyalkylene glycols and glycerol, (E) from 5 to 90% by weight of vegetable and/or fatty oils, (F) from 0 to 5% by weight of water and (G) from 0 to 5% by weight of conventional emulsifiers. The formulation is particularly suitable for protecting zinc or zinc-plated components or surfaces or cadmium or cadmium-plated metallic surfaces against corrosion caused by runway deicing compositions used at airports.

Abstract: Water treatment compositions are provided that are effective for mitigating corrosion or fouling of surfaces in contact with aqueous systems. The water treatment compositions can include one or more azole compounds, one or more transition metals, and one or more dispersants, in addition to various other additives. The water treatment compositions can exclude phosphorus and still be effective. Methods for mitigating corrosion or fouling of a surface in an aqueous system are also provided.

Abstract: A solid composition for treating cooling or heated water systems to remove scale, microorganisms and biofilm, and corrosion by-products. The composition for cooling towers and chilled water systems comprises chelating agents and an anionic surfactant. The composition for boilers and heated water systems comprises a sulfite, neutralizing amines, sodium phosphate, and, optionally, a polymethacrylate or polyacrylate polymer. A method for using such a treatment composition comprises contacting the treatment composition with substantially all parts of the water system.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibiting the corrosion of metals in contact with an aqueous system are provided. The method of inhibiting corrosion includes maintaining effective amounts of (1) an amino acid-based polymer, such as a polyaspartic acid compound, and (2) a dispersible and/or soluble tin compound in the aqueous system. The corrosion inhibiting components of the treatment may be added simultaneously or separately into the water of the aqueous system, i.e., provided either in a single treatment product or as separate products. The single treatment single treatment product may include the amino acid-based polymer and a dispersible and/or soluble tin compound. Such a corrosion inhibiting composition may optionally also include a polycarboxylic acid chelating agent and/or a carboxylate/sulfonate functional copolymer.

Abstract: Corrosion inhibitors and methods for inhibiting or reducing corrosion are provided. The corrosion inhibitors include one or more niobate containing compounds. The corrosion inhibitors may be added to an aqueous system and inhibit the corrosion of a surface contained in the aqueous system. Illustrative examples of suitable niobate compounds are potassium niobate, ammonium niobate, and ammonium niobate oxalate.

Abstract: Compounds and compositions are used as corrosion inhibitors for pipelines for crude oil containing water with high salt concentrations. The inhibitors are ionic liquids, imidazoles, benzotriazoles, and mixtures thereof. The composition includes two or more members of the inhibitors with a solvent. The inhibitors reduce corrosion of metallic surfaces of the pipelines containing crude oil having 0.2 and 40 wt % water, 10,000 to 70,000 ppm salt, and 9 to 600 ppm hydrogen sulfide. A synergic effect is provided by two or more different inhibitors. This synergy is derived from interactions with the metallic surface, among themselves or with the corrosive medium depending on the chain length, to inhibit the corrosion with decrease of the formulation dose. The composition can be a ternary formulation of the three families or two components of one family and a third component of a different family.

Abstract: This invention relates to N-alkyl-N?-poly(oxyalkyl)hexapyrimidine-quaternary ammonium salts of the formulae (Ia)-(Ic) and mixtures thereof in which R1 is C8-C30-alkyl or C8-C30-alkenyl, R2 is hydrogen, C1-C3-alkyl, —COOH or a group selected from the formulae wherein the bonding occurs via the valence containing the B residue, B is a single bond or a C1 to C3 alkylene group R3 is C1-C4-alkyl, vinyl or allyl, X? is methylsulfate or iodide, A is a 1,2-alkylene group having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and p is a number from 1 to 50.

Abstract: A composition for the creation of a protective barrier on a wide variety of materials to prevent the deterioration and degradation caused by exposure to moisture and sun over time.

Abstract: Processes for biofilm or microorganism growth control in an aqueous system such as a pulp, paper or board manufacturing system are described in which a halogenated hydantoin is added to the aqueous system in combination with haloamine, chlorine dioxide or a combination thereof. The halogenated hydantoin is preferably a fully or partially halogenated dialkyl hydantoin, and more preferably 5,5-dimethyl hydantoin or 5-methyl-5-ethyl hydantoin. The haloamine is preferably a monohaloamine, dihaloamine, trihaloamine, or a combination thereof, and more preferably monochloramine, monobromamine, bromochloroamine or a combination thereof. The halogenated hydantoin is preferably added to the aqueous system in portions of the system susceptible to gas phase corrosion, such as the short loop of the system, and the haloamine and chlorine dioxide are preferably added to other portions of the system.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for monitoring and controlling a real-time oxidation-reduction potential in a hot water system to inhibit corrosion in the hot water system. The method includes defining one or more operational protective zones in the hot water system. One or more of the operational protective zones includes an oxidation-reduction potential probe that is operable to measure a real-time oxidation-reduction potential in the hot water system at operating temperature and pressure. The probe transmits the measured real-time potential to the controller, which assesses and interprets the transmitted potential to determine whether it conforms to an oxidation-reduction potential setting. If the measured potential does not conform the oxidation-reduction potential setting, the controller is operable to feed or remove one or more active chemical species into or from the hot water system and further operable to change at least one system parameter.

Abstract: An embodiment prevents equipment fouling (deposition of unwanted material) in an oil recovery system via implementing passivation of metallic components. By preventing or at least slowing or inhibiting corrosion of equipment or components via passivation, such as passivating heat exchangers, metallic piping, and the like, an embodiment in turn reduces fouling thereof. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: Disclosed are corrosion inhibitor compounds and compositions useful in applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas. Also disclosed are methods of using the compounds and compositions as corrosion inhibitors, particularly in applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a polyesteramine or a polyester polyquaternary ammonium compound as a corrosion inhibitor for metal surfaces, and to a method for protecting a metal surface from corrosion by contacting the metal surface with said corrosion inhibitor.

Abstract: The invention provides the use of a surfactant as a corrosion inhibitor, wherein the surfactant is selected from derivatives of alkyl polyglucosides and derivatives of terpene alkoxylates, and mixtures thereof, provided that the derivatives are not sulfosuccinates. Also provided is a method of preventing or reducing corrosion of a metal component that is in contact with, or will be in contact with, an aqueous fluid, wherein the method comprises providing a surfactant and applying the surfactant to the metal component or adding the surfactant to the aqueous fluid that is in contact with, or will be in contact with, the metal component, wherein the surfactant is selected from derivatives of alkyl polyglucosides and derivatives of terpene alkoxylates, and mixtures thereof, provided that the derivatives are not sulfosuccinates.

Abstract: A corrosion prevention and control composition and method comprises combining primarily two-component polyurethane foam formed by reacting polyols with an isocyanate compound, and a 2 to 10 percent by weight of either an organic or inorganic gas-phase corrosion inhibitor. The closed cell foam provides a barrier protection for the underlying corrodible surface, while the inhibitor protects the metal from the absorbed moisture vapor, thereby preventing corrosion from occurring at the foam/metal interface. The resulting foam and inhibitor composition maintains better adhesion to the underlying corrodible structure in corrosive environments.

Abstract: A method for the reduction of corrosion in a treatment unit acid used for separating hydrogen sulfide from and acid gas stream using an alkaline absorption solution. Ions comprising the S2? and/or HS? ions formed by the absorption of the hydrogen sulfide in the absorbent solution are subjected to in situ electrochemical oxidization to form polysulfide ions which form a protective coating on the surfaces of the unit.

Abstract: A composition and method for inhibiting white rust formation on galvanized surfaces. The composition includes thiols, polymeric dithiocarbamates, and xanthates. The composition may be introduced onto the galvanized surface, especially in an industrial water system, using a variety of different methods or programs including integrating with current programs or developing a new program.

Abstract: The present invention includes compositions and methods of supplying a corrosion inhibitor including placing a corrosion inhibitor attached to a nanostructure carrier, placing the nanostructure carrier containing the corrosion inhibitor at a location and the nanostructure carrier is capable of releasing the corrosion inhibitor.

Abstract: An anti-corrosion composition containing at least one fatty acid ester, at least one glycol, at least one ethylene oxide/propylene oxide (EO/PO) alkoxylate, at least one polyethylene glycol ester, and at least one modified lecithin is provided. An anti-corrosion composition also is provided which contains at least one fatty acid ester, at least one glycol, at least one sorbate, and at least one modified lecithin. A method of preparing an anti-corrosion composition is also provided. At least one modified lecithin can be blended with at least one fatty acid ester, at least one glycol, at least one EO/PO alkoxylate, or at least one polyethylene glycol ester, or any combination thereof. A method of inhibiting corrosion of a metal surface including applying an anti-corrosion composition to the metal surface in an amount effective to inhibit corrosion of the metal surface is further provided.

Abstract: Ashless corrosion inhibitor compositions including one or more reaction product formed from the reaction of a polyether compound of formula and a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic anhydride of formula are provided herein, along with lubricant compositions containing same, and methods of using same for inhibiting corrosion of a metal.

Abstract: Aminoethers are used as corrosion inhibitors in boiler systems in which a working fluid comprising water with an aminoether corrosion inhibitor is circulated from a heater to a utilization site at which the working fluid gives up energy and decreases in temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed is a concentrated cooling water additive that is substantially non-corrosive within a pH range of 2-12 and contains polymeric dispersant(s) and aromatic azole(s) that exhibits improved stability, possibly as a result of the interaction of the hydrophobic groups in the dispersant polymer and the aromatic azole(s). This improved stability allows for both reduced corrosivity of the formula and reduced manufacturing costs. Benefits of the disclosed formulations include improved safety for handling and shipment, more concentrated formulations available in liquid form, reduced shipping costs and storage space, reduced heat of neutralization during product manufacture, reduced costs of manufacture due to removal of need for caustic or acid addition and reduced environmental compliance costs associated with washing and waste handling step.

Abstract: A catalytic composition with a corrosion-inhibiting effect on metal surfaces is described. Also described, is a corrosion-inhibiting process and use of a corrosion inhibitor. Further, the catalytic composition can have a corrosion-inhibiting effect on metal surfaces in contact with an esterification medium comprising a carboxylic acid and an alcohol, wherein the composition comprises as a catalyst, a strong protonic acid and, as corrosion inhibitor, an iron(III) carboxylate.

Abstract: Elimination and/or mitigation of fouling in a vapor transport systems, such as vent lines and scrubber feed lines may be accomplished using an antifouling additive. The method for employing the antifouling additive includes introducing into the vapor transport system an additive including a polar solvent and corrosion inhibitor wherein: the vapor transport system is substantially water free; the vapor transport system is used to transport acidic materials; the additive is a liquid at vapor transport system operating conditions; and the additive is stable at the vapor transport system operating conditions.

Abstract: A volatile corrosion inhibitor may be in the form of, or derived from, molasses. Corrosion inhibition activity may be provided by molasses products, including molasses and/or any derivative product generated therefrom. Example molasses products include concentrated molasses, dehydrated molasses, molasses distillates or pot bottoms from distillation, extracted fractions of molasses, molasses fractions prepared by precipitation or membrane separation, and molasses residues remaining after removal of additional sugar or other targeted compounds. In one embodiment, the molasses-based corrosion inhibitor may be derived from sugar beet molasses.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of controlling a real-time oxidation-reduction potential in a hot water system to inhibit corrosion in the hot water system. The method includes defining one or more operational protective zones in the hot water system. One or more of the operational protective zones includes an oxidation-reduction potential probe that is operable to measure a real-time oxidation-reduction potential in the hot water system at operating temperature and pressure. The probe transmits the measured real-time potential to the controller, which assesses and interprets the transmitted potential to determine whether it conforms to an oxidation-reduction potential setting. If the measured potential does not conform the oxidation-reduction potential setting, the controller is operable to feed or remove one or more active chemical species into or from the hot water system and further operable to change at least one system parameter.

Abstract: Water treatment compositions are provided that are effective for mitigating corrosion or fouling of surfaces in contact with aqueous systems. The water treatment compositions can include one or more azole compounds, one or more transition metals, and one or more dispersants, in addition to various other additives. The water treatment compositions can exclude phosphorus and still be effective. Methods for mitigating corrosion or fouling of a surface in an aqueous system are also provided.

Abstract: A process for passivation of surfaces of heat exchange apparatus exposed to a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide, includes the steps of: (i) adding arsine to the synthesis gas to provide a total As concentration in the synthesis gas in range 0.001 to 10 ppmv, (ii) exposing the mixture of hot synthesis gas and arsine to the shell-side surfaces of said heat exchange apparatus to reduce the interaction between the carbon monoxide present in said gas and metals in said surfaces, (iii) recovering a cooled synthesis gas from the shell-side of said apparatus, and (iv) passing the cooled synthesis gas, optionally after further cooling, through a sorbent bed to remove arsenic compounds from the synthesis gas.

Abstract: A system and method for stabilizing bromine in an industrial water system by monitoring and flexible dosing of chlorine oxidant and halide ion stabilizer residual levels. The system comprises chlorine oxidant, and a halide ion source with a halogen stabilizer.

Abstract: A method for gas phase application of chlorine dioxide within an enclosed volume that includes the steps of: climatizing the enclosed volume to achieve a relative humidity (RH) in the range of about 5% to about 56%; generating chlorine dioxide gas; and introducing the chlorine dioxide gas under specified conditions of chlorine dioxide gas concentration and contact time, the specified conditions being effective to eliminate contaminants within the closed volume, and further to mitigate corrosion within the enclosed volume during the gas phase application.

Abstract: The method of using an amine compound represented by the formula NH2—(CH2)m—O—(CH2)n—OH, where each of m and n is an integer of 1 to 3, as a boiler anti-corrosive.

Abstract: The present invention provides the use of a sulfosuccinate as a corrosion inhibitor. In particular, the sulfosuccinate may be used to inhibit the corrosion of a metal component that is, or will be, in contact with an aqueous fluid, in order to prevent or reduce corrosion of the metal component. The sulfosuccinate may be used to inhibit corrosion of a metal component in an industrial aqueous system, such as a hydrocarbon plant; a chemical plant; a water plant; or a paper manufacturing plant, and in particular in an oilfield system or a downstream oil-related system.

Abstract: Use of a composition comprising silicon, oxygen and at least one of calcium, potassium, or titanium, as a material for coating an equipment or as a constituent material of equipment, intended to be in contact with a mixture containing a chlorohydrin, hydrogen chloride and water. The use of the composition may provide a method for reducing corrosion of the equipment, for decreasing the frequency of replacement of the equipment and/or for lowering the risks linked to equipment breakage and leak. The equipment which is intended to be in contact with the mixture may be used in a process for manufacturing a chlorohydrin, in which a polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon, an ester of a polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon or a mixture of the two, is reacted with a chlorinating agent that contains hydrogen chloride.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a heat transfer fluid concentrate comprising: greater than or equal to 90 weight percent of a freezing point depressant; 16 to 80 ppm of magnesium ions; an azole compound; an inorganic phosphate; a carboxylate; and an acrylate based polymer, wherein the heat transfer fluid concentrate has a pH of 7-9.5 and the weight ratio of acrylate based polymer to magnesium ions is 1 to 25. The heat transfer fluid concentrate can be used to make a heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to process to reduce the corrosion of equipment containing a chromium-containing alloy in the oil and/or gas industry, comprising a step of contacting the equipment based on a chromium-containing alloy with a solution containing at least 1 wt % on total weight of the solution of glutamic acid N,N-diacetic acid or a salt thereof (GLDA) and/or methylglycine N,N-diacetic acid or a salt thereof (MGDA) having an acidic pH, the use of the above solutions in equipment containing a chromium-containing alloy to reduce corrosion, and to a system containing a piece of equipment used in the oil and/or gas industry made at least partly from chromium-containing alloy in contact with an acidic solution containing at least 1 wt % of glutamic acid N,N-di acetic acid or a salt thereof (GLDA) and/or methylglycine N,N-di acetic acid or a salt thereof (MGDA).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a heat transfer fluid concentrate comprising: greater than or equal to 85 weight percent of a freezing point depressant, based on the total weight of the heat transfer fluid concentrate; 50 to 2000 ppm of lithium ions; an azole compound; an inorganic phosphate; a carboxylic acid; and an acrylate based polymer, wherein the heat transfer fluid has a pH of 7.0-9.5. The heat transfer fluid concentrate can be used to make a heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: A method is taught to alleviate some of the expected seawater corrosion of aluminum alloy fuel tanks originating from the chlorides present in seawater through the use of a dicarboxylic acid additive that is added to the aluminum alloy fuel tank when seawater enters the tank.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for the in situ generation of polysulfide ions in a process stream including S2? and/or HS? ions. Methods and systems are also provided to ameliorate corrosion in a process stream containing an acid gas or a scrubbing agent solvent, and abate mercury and cyanide in process streams containing a scrubbing agent solvent.

Abstract: Corrosion protection formulation comprising (A) from 0.01 to 5% by weight of alkylamine ethoxylates as surfactant component, (B) from 0.01 to 10% by weight of corrosion inhibitors, (C) from 0 to 0.3% by weight of thickeners, (D) from 5 to <75% by weight of freezing point-lowering alcohols selected from among alkanols, glycols, polyalkylene glycols and glycerol, (E) from 5 to 90% by weight of vegetable and/or fatty oils, (F) from 0 to 5% by weight of water and (G) from 0 to 5% by weight of conventional emulsifiers. The formulation is particularly suitable for protecting zinc or zinc-plated components or surfaces or cadmium or cadmium-plated metallic surfaces against corrosion caused by runway deicing compositions used at airports.