Abstract: The present disclosure provides a battery. The battery includes a separation structure having a resistance greater than a resistance threshold; a positive electrode of the battery and a negative electrode of the battery disposed on two sides of the separation structure; a liquid conductor configured to transport conductive ions between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; a storage structure configured to store supplementary material to release into the liquid conductor; and an enclosure configured to form an enclosed cavity to accommodate the separation structure, the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the liquid conductor, and the storage structure.

Abstract: A battery system includes at least one lithium cell with an electrolyte having at least one polymer which is configured to be impregnated with an electrolyte fluid. In order to increase the capacity, the life and the safety of the battery system, the battery system further includes at least one electrolyte fluid metering device, by which at least one component of the electrolyte fluid can be supplied to the lithium cell and/or by which electrolyte fluid can be discharged from the lithium cell.

Abstract: Composite separators having a porous structure and including acid-stable, hydrophilic, inorganic particles enmeshed in a substantially fully fluorinated polyolefin matrix can be utilized in a number of applications. The inorganic particles can provide hydrophilic characteristics. The pores of the separator result in good selectivity and electrical conductivity. The fluorinated polymeric backbone can result in high chemical stability. Accordingly, one application of the composite separators is in redox flow batteries as low cost membranes. In such applications, the composite separator can also enable additional property-enhancing features compared to ion-exchange membranes. For example, simple capacity control can be achieved through hydraulic pressure by balancing the volumes of electrolyte on each side of the separator.

Abstract: A vent cap includes a main body configured to be received within an opening in a cover of a battery cell, the main body including a fluid flow path formed therethrough to facilitate a flow of a fluid to be added to the battery cell, a valve moveably disposed within the flow path to selectively open and close the fluid flow path, and a float coupled to the valve and positioned to float adjacent a surface of a fluid disposed within the battery cell, the float causing the valve to open the fluid flow path at a pre-determined fluid level within the battery cell to permit the fluid to be added to the battery cell to flow through the fluid flow path, wherein the fluid flow path is configured to minimize an impinging on the float by the fluid to be added to the battery cell.

Abstract: An electrochemical energy storage device includes at least one cell having at least one cathode, one anode, and one electrolyte which enables a current flow from the anode to the cathode. The electrochemical storage device is connected to a reservoir which contains a cover layer-forming additive.

Abstract: Systems and methods for obtaining and/or maintaining a column height of an electrolyte relative to a separator surface within an energy storage device. Embodiments of the invention provide a wicking component, a current collector, and a bias component. The current collector is positioned to force the bias component to press the wicking component tight to an inner surface of a separator. The bias component maintains contact between the wicking component and the surface of separator and creates a capillary gap in which sodium wicks.

Abstract: A system for delivering water to a fluid electrolyte battery comprising at least one battery cell. Such a system includes a tank adapted to hold the fluid, a pump adapted to pump the fluid from the tank when the pump is turned on, at least one conduit adapted to transfer the fluid from the tank to the at least one battery cell, and a controller adapted to control the pump. The controller turns the pump on after an interval so that the fluid is transferred to the at least one battery cell.

Abstract: Improved plant for the electrochemical formation of lead-acid batteries, which comprises a circuit for circulating the electrolytic solution for the purpose of controlling its temperature and electrolytic concentration, provided with supply means for conveying into the cells via a first distribution header a first flow of electrolytic solution at a constant piezometric pressure and return means for removing under a vacuum by means of a suction header the first flow of electrolytic solution from the cells. A cap, which comprises an inlet pipe connected via a first connecting line to the first distribution header and an outlet pipe, is removably mounted in a sealed manner on each cell. Each cap also comprises at least one ventilation pipe which connects the internal environment of the cell, present underneath the lid, to the external environment which is at atmospheric pressure, so as to dilute the formation of inflammable gases inside said cell.

Abstract: A plant for the forming of lead-acid battery cells includes plugs to be fitted to the openings of the cells, each plug including a first inlet duct, a second outlet duct to set up a circulation of electrolyte inside the cell and supply and balancing elements to dilute with air the inflammable gases formed in the cell and to favor the balancing of the pressure inside the cell with the external atmospheric pressure. The supply and balancing elements include a third supply and balancing duct connecting the upper part of the plug with a part of the supply tank at atmospheric pressure which introduces the electrolyte into the cell. The plant includes a fan which forms a vacuum in the suction header, drawing the electrolyte and the inflammable gases from the cells and, through the third duct, ventilating the cells without forming a vacuum inside them.

Abstract: An insulating plate of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell is interposed between a cell element and a cover member in a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell including the cell element formed by stacking cathodes and anodes through separators, a cell can including a can body which houses the cell element and the cover member which closes an opening of the can body to seal the cell element, and an electrolyte injected into the cell can. The insulating plate includes a plate-shaped insulating plate body having insulating property, an injection hole which passes through the insulating plate body in the thickness direction and through which the electrolyte can be injected, and a filter member permeable to only the electrolyte and provided on one of the surfaces of the insulating plate body so as to cover the injection hole.

Abstract: A connector having a number of SMT pads and a number of in-line package pins is provided. The connector can be applied to both a peripheral component interconnection (PCI) card and a peripheral component interconnection express (PCIE) card. The number of the connectors can be reduced when the connectors are applied to the circuit board, and more space on the circuit board are then available for other electrical elements to be disposed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a refill valve for use in single point battery watering systems for refilling wet cell batteries. The refill valve comprises a porous internal flame arrestor that is in the path of the liquid. Such a design is advantageous because it prevents the internal propagation of flames between battery cells through the battery watering system under dry conditions.

Abstract: A series of cell fill valves are interconnected by a series of hoses and T-connections, one to each battery cell. Each cell fill valve is controlled by a ball in a seat in a single fill opening. The ball is controlled by a float on a pivotable lever arm with an end finger which holds the ball up to admit water with the float down and allows the ball to lower onto the seat as the cell fills causing the float to rise to a shutoff level when the cell is filled to a desired level.

Abstract: A filling plug for battery cells includes a cylindrical housing, a valve system contained in the housing and connected to at least two horizontally protruding feeding tubes. Further, the filling plug includes a float partially projecting downward from the lower portion of the housing for actuating the valve system, and an axially extending tubular snap ring element which is to be inserted into and fastened in a filling opening of the battery cell. The snap ring element has bayonet coupling elements at an outer wall.

Abstract: A system for supplying fluid to a battery, a vacuum source, a vehicle, a combination, a method for supplying fluid to a battery and a method of charging a battery. The fluid supply system supplies fluid to a battery in a vehicle, the vehicle including a frame supporting the battery, the battery including a battery cell, fluid being transmittable to the battery cell. The system is defined as including a hydraulic circuit connecting the battery to a tank. The hydraulic circuit is defined as including an inlet conduit connectable to tank, an outlet conduit connectable to the battery cell, and a vacuum source connectable to the battery cell and to the tank. The vacuum source is defined as including a pump having a pump inlet conduit connectable to the tank, and a pump outlet, and a venturi having a first inlet connectable to the pump outlet, a second inlet connectable to the battery cell, and a venturi outlet is connectable to the tank.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a single point watering system for use with a lead-acid battery having a plurality of battery cell access ports. The system comprises a plurality of refill valves and a plurality of refill valves and a manifold having (i) a water feed tube with at least one external port and a plurality of outlets each communicating with one of the plurality of refill valves, and (ii) at least one passageway housing a flame arrestor to permit the discharge of gases from the battery cells to the surrounding environment only through the flame arrestor. The manifold is removably and sealably mountable to the battery so that each refill valve is in fluid communication with one of the battery cell access ports.

Abstract: A method for recycling a battery pack is provided that enables a degraded battery pack to be replaced at a low cost while maintaining the advantages of a conventional sealed-type nickel-metal hydride secondary battery as being free from maintenance or leak of an electrolyte. The battery pack accommodates a battery module having a plurality of cells, which are a sealed-type nickel-metal hydride secondary battery, combined with each other. When the battery pack is judged as being degraded in a market, the battery pack is collected from the market as a battery to be replaced; a cell or battery module judged as being degraded is renewed by adding an electrolyte thereto; the battery module is installed in the battery pack again; and the battery pack is supplied as a replacement battery.

Abstract: A liquid holding and dispensing means in the form of outside surface walls having a thickness (3), surrounding an internal cavity. The internal cavity is connected with the outside surfaces by multiple orifices (1). The outside surface is made up of equally sized, equally spaced, multiple sided surfaces FIG. 2. Which can be but not limited to, triangular or pentagonal shapes. This enables said cells to nest closely together inside a container, yielding high volumetric densities for said cells. Complete filling and draining of said cell is accomplished by always having at least one orifice (1) of said cell at the high and low points, regardless of the orientation of the said cell. A further feature on the inside of said cell is drainage slopes (3) which prevent pooling of any liquids. Liquid runs off the walls, being channeled along the interconnecting surface grooves to the lowest orifice.

Abstract: A system for supplying fluid to a battery, a vehicle and a method for supplying fluid to a battery. The fluid supply system supplies fluid to a battery in a vehicle selectively powered by the battery, the vehicle including a frame supporting the battery, the battery including a battery cell, fluid being transmittable to the cell, gas generated during charging of the battery being transmittable out of the cell. The system is defined as including a tank for holding fluid, and a hydraulic circuit connecting the battery to the tank. The hydraulic circuit is defined as including an inlet conduit connectable between the tank and the cell, and an outlet conduit connectable between the cell and the tank, gas produced during charging causing fluid flow through the outlet conduit and to the tank. In the fluid supply system of the present invention, the gas produced during charging causes fluid flow through the system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a redox flow type battery which a liquid-circulating battery comprising a battery cell and storage tanks for positive and negative electrolytes, wherein the battery cell is separated by a membrane to provide a positive cell and a negative cell, each cell having a liquid-permeable porous electrode disposed therein, wherein the positive and negative electrolytes are sulfuric acid aqueous solutions with vanadium ion concentrations of 0.5 mol/l to 8 mol/l and the electrolyte which migrates through the membrane over cycles of charge and discharge is returned from the storage tank where the liquid increases to the storage tank where the liquid decreases in order to keep the change in the amounts of the positive and negative electrolytes in a certain range while charge and discharge are carried out.

Abstract: A liquid electrolyte battery is disclosed having autonomous watering and electrolyte mixing systems. Watering is effected through a fluid conduit and a valve system mounted on the battery providing fluid communication and flow control between a fluid source and the battery cells. Mixing of the electrolyte is effected by pumping air into the battery cells to prevent acid stratification during charging using an air conduit and air pump mounted on the battery. The fluid conduit provides fluid communication between the air pump and the cells. A controller mounted on the battery receives input signals from various sensors indicative of electrolyte level and charging status and controls the valve system and the air pump to effect watering and electrolyte mixing. A protective cover is mounted on the battery to restrict access to the controller and the air pump.

Abstract: A combination for supplying fluid to a battery, a vehicle and a method of assembling the combination. The combination includes the battery and a filling pod. The filling pod includes a filling pod housing having a filling pod port fluidly connectable to a fluid source for receiving fluid from the fluid source, a first fluid supply member fluidly connectable to a first cell and for supplying fluid from the filling pod port to the first cell, a second fluid supply member fluidly connectable to a second cell and for supplying fluid from the filling pod port and to the second cell, and an integral channel in fluid communication between the filling pod port, the first fluid supply member and the second fluid supply member. The channel includes a first channel portion in fluid communication between the filling pod port and the first fluid supply member and a second channel portion in fluid communication between the filling pod port and the second fluid supply member.

Abstract: A filling pod, a vehicle and a method for supplying fluid to a battery. The filling pod includes a filling pod housing having a filling pod port fluidly connectable to a fluid source for receiving fluid from the fluid source, a first fluid supply member fluidly connectable to a first cell and for supplying fluid from the filling pod port to the first cell, a second fluid supply member fluidly connectable to a second cell and for supplying fluid from the filling pod port and to the second cell, and an integral channel in fluid communication between the filling pod port, the first fluid supply member and the second fluid supply member. The channel includes a first channel portion in fluid communication between the filling pod port and the first fluid supply member and a second channel portion in fluid communication between the filling pod port and the second fluid supply member.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sealed battery, in which leakage can be detected in reliable manner, a method for manufacturing the sealed battery, and a method for detecting leakage of the sealed battery. The invention provides a sealed battery containing helium, a method for manufacturing the sealed battery, and a method for detecting leakage. From inside a battery case sealed except an electrolyte inlet, the air is withdrawn, and pressure is applied by a gas containing helium under pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure through the electrolyte inlet. The electrolyte is injected, and after the electrolyte and the gas containing helium have been injected, the electrolyte inlet is sealed.

Abstract: A battery assembly system used for an electric vehicle having a configuration in which electrolyte is not released from an exhaust passage even if the electrolyte is released in a mist state from a cell. A battery assembly case is provided behind a rear seat in a cabin. An exhaust duct having a cooling fan is connected to the battery assembly case, and an air inlet port is provided to the battery assembly case at the side opposite to the portion where the exhaust duct is connected. As the cooling fan, a sirocco fan or an axial-flow fan is used. The air for forcibly cooling the battery assembly is allowed to flow in the cabin, the air inlet port, the battery assembly case, the exhaust duct, the cooling fan, and the exhaust duct in this order. A mist state electrolyte released from the cell together with the air is allowed to collide with and is attached to a cascade of the fan or the wall surface of the fan.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for activating and sealing a storage battery in an uncontrolled atmosphere. A tubular structure is coupled to a fill port of the battery, the battery is evacuated by connecting the tubular structure to a source of vacuum, and the battery is thereafter filled by connecting the tubular structure to a source of pressurized electrolytic fluid. After the battery has been evacuated and filled, a check valve, slideably positioned in the passage through which the battery has been evacuated and thereafter filled is driven along the passage into a press fit with a valve seat defined proximate the fill port of the battery to seal the battery from contaminants while allowing escape of gas from the interior of the battery housing.

Abstract: A golf cart, powered by a plurality of electrolytic, lead-acid batteries has an on-board battery water replenishing system. Each battery includes a manifold that feeds water to each battery cell and is capable of transmitting out of the manifold gas generated during recharging. The watering system includes a water storage tank positioned above the batteries, with inlet and outlet tubing connecting each battery manifold to the tank in a separate, parallel circuit. The outlet tubing has a critical size of internal diameter (ID) to assure the formation of gas generated during recharging as bubbles in the outlet tubing so as to trap liquid between bubbles and to cause flow of liquid back to the tank. A one-way flow control valve is positioned in the inlet tubing to assure unidirectional flow. The outlet tubing ID must be less than ⅜ inch, with a preferred size being ¼ inch.

Abstract: A lid for accumulator batteries has one or more holes to receive a device to ensure the circulation of electrolyte during the first charge and a second device to ensure the re-fill of electrolyte during the other charges. The lid is equipped with one or more channels each having one end facing the surface of the one or more holes and the opposite end coupled with at least one duct on the inner vertical wall of the container.

Abstract: An automatic re-fill device includes a body portion adapted to be secured in the accumulator lid and a tubular element having a lower float portion and being slidable within the body. The tubular element has a closure device within the body and a membrane at an upper portion thereof for increasing upward pushing force to close the closure when the float is lifted by the liquid in the accumulator.

Abstract: The invention is a container for storage batteries including a box (3, 20) provided with one or more cells, each of which is suitable to receive metallic plates (10) dipped in the electrolyte and connected to each other so as to make up a positive pole and a negative pole, a cover (2, 30) closed on the box along the perimetrical edge of said box, characterized in that each cell (3, 11, 12, 13) of said container has at least an electrolyte feed pipe (7, 14, 16, 18) with one end communicating with the opening made on the cover and with the other placed near the bottom of the box, and at least a level pipe (5, 15, 17, 19) of said electrolyte with one end communicating with the opening made on the cover and with the other end coinciding with the electrolyte level inside every cell.

Abstract: A single point watering system for a battery having a plurality of cells is provided with a bracket secured to an end wall of a battery casing in overlying spaced relation to an upper surface of at least one cell of the battery. A clamp is provided for securing an inlet fitting on the filler tube of the single point watering system to the underside of the bracket for securely positioning the inlet fitting in a protected, readily accessible location for quick connection and disconnection with a water supply system.

Abstract: A battery watering (8) system using a plurality of cells (14) and modules (12). Watering ramps (11) communicate water from a reservoir (18) to a series of interconnected watering caps (16). A reversible pump (30) is positioned below the watering caps (16) such that water within the watering caps (16) and interconnecting conduits (26, 28) drains through the pump (30) and into the reservoir (18) by syphon when no voltage is applied to the pump (30). A controller (39) automatically operates the watering system (8) by sensing the amp hours used since the last watering and determines whether or not the battery needs water. Successful battery watering or system failure are signaled (40) to the operator.

Abstract: A lithium-water battery provides reliable power for long durations in the ocean at temperatures down to 0.degree. C. and pressures up to 680 atmospheres (10,000 psi) without the need for mechanical pumps or valves to admit reactant water from the ocean into the battery or to maintain a circulating electrolytic solution in the battery. The battery has a natural circulation, alkaline, aqueous electrolyte contained in the housing with a lithium anode and a cathode disposed in the electrolytic solution. A hydrophilic cation exchange membrane attached to the housing is disposed between the electrolytic solution and the ocean environment surrounding the battery for retaining the hydroxyl ions in the alkaline electrolytic solution while admitting water into the solution from the environment.Advantageously, a low power lithium-water battery can provide several watts at about 1.4-1.5 volts for up to a year or more anywhere in the ocean.

Abstract: A method for treating hair with an aqueous clay-based conditioning composition that involves applying the composition to hair and exposing the hair to heat for a period of time sufficient to dry the composition to a hard and flaky state. The conditioning composition includes effective amounts of a reconstruction component (protein), a moisturizer component having hyaluronic acid and a shine imparting component having henna extract.

Abstract: Plug for cells of electrical storage batteries comprising a cylindrical body (4), fastened to the vent stack (2) of the cover, capable of being connected by two pipes (7) to the immediately preceding and to the immediately following plug, and provided with two parallel cylindrical cavities (14 and 16): one central cavity (14), in the interior of which a toothed hollow stem (10) of a float (11) slides; and one lateral cavity (16), in the interior of which a smaller rod (17), which is also toothed, slides, on which a heavy metal sphere (18) rests. The stem (10) and the rod (17) are constrained to the two arms of a rocker lever (23) hinged on a pin (22) in the lower hollow portion (20) of the body (4). When the float (11) and its hollow stem (10) move upwardly, the rod (17) and the sphere (18) move downwardly. When the electrolyte is at its right level, the sphere (18) rests on a ring (19) and closes the access of filling-up water to the cavity (16) housing the rod (17) .