Abstract: A ventilation device for ventilating rooms, has a first air routing device for routing a first flow of air, the routing device having a first room-side outlet, a first flow space in which at least one first fan capable of bidirectional operation is arranged, and a first outside outlet; a second air routing device for routing a second flow of air, which is fluidically completely separate from the first air routing device and has a second room-side outlet, a second flow space in which at least one second fan capable of bidirectional operation is arranged, and a second outside outlet; an integral gas-solid heat exchanger adapted to route the first flow of air and the second flow of air in a respective set of passageways, in a fluidically separated but thermally coupled manner, wherein the solid in the first and the second air routing device additionally forms a respective regenerator.

Abstract: Provided is a technology for uniformly increasing atmosphere temperature while rapidly achieving a desired uniform atmosphere composition. A combustion apparatus is provided with: a combustion part including a combustion space with a combustible gas inlet which is opened toward the combustion space for allowing the entry of a combustible gas, an air inlet which is opened toward the combustion space for allowing the entry of air, and a combustion gas outlet for discharging a combustible gas to the outside; and a regulated gas through channel part including a regulated gas outlet for discharging the gas prepared into a desired composition to the outside, the regulated gas outlet located adjacent to the combustion gas outlet and having an opening facing the combustion gas immediately after being discharged from the combustion gas outlet.

Abstract: In order to improve an enveloping gas device for transporting at least one enveloping gas that is allocated to at least one burner head or at least one nozzle of a device for working or processing at least one component or workpiece by autogenous processes, so that a reduction of the contaminant concentration, particularly the concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOX) and other harmful compounds is achieved, it is suggested, a flame issuing from the burner head or nozzle and directed towards the component or workpiece is completely enclosed by the enveloping gas, and the concentration of contaminants contained in the waste gas from the device, particularly the concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOX), is reduced by the enveloping gas.

Abstract: A lightweight, compact, easy-to-use, portable furnace used for quickly assaying crushed ore samples in the field and used by prospectors, miners, and geologists. The portable furnace can also be used for smelting precious metals and refining and recycling different metals. The furnace includes a metal stand having a stand base with a first end portion with a dish opening therein and a second end portion with an upwardly folded heat shield. The heat shield includes a nozzle groove therein for receiving a gas nozzle. The gas nozzle is part of a gas blow torch having a handle and a gas tank. The stand base also includes first and second sides folded downwardly for holding the metal stand above a flat surface. A bottom of a scorifying dish is received in the dish opening. A cupel is received inside the open top of the scorifying dish. The cupel is adapted for receiving a crushed ore sample therein to be assayed. A dish lid is received on top of the scorifying dish.

Abstract: An apparatus and process is provided for combining fuel and combustion air to produce a mixture. The mixture is burned in a combustion chamber to produce a flame.

Abstract: A catalytic heating apparatus 10 for drying, curing, polymerization and cross-linking of organic coatings and compounds, which includes a catalytic combustion chamber 1, a fuel supply 6, a regulating valve for controlling the flow of fuel 4, an injector for mixing the fuel with air thereby providing a uniform fuel-air mixture to the combustion chamber, a casing 5 connecting the fuel supply to the combustion chamber, and an air injection ring and a connector for connecting an air source to the air injection ring. The air injection ring may be a tube of circular cross-section, with regularly-spaced holes drilled on its surface so as to direct a flow of air towards the object being dried. The purpose of air injection is to facilitate evacuation of vapors from the surface of the object being dried. Drying is therefore achieved by a combination of radiation from the emitting surface and convection from the air injection ring.

Abstract: A calciner includes a calciner gas distribution plate bypass mechanism. The gas distribution plate bypass mechanism is sized and configured to permit gas to enter a calciner at a temperature below a sticky point of material to be calcined and prevent or substantially reduce material buildup on the gas distribution plate. For instance, additional gas may be introduced into the calciner at a position downstream from the gas distribution plate so that additional gas may be fed into the calciner without passing through the gas distribution plate. The additional mass of gas may allow for increased capacity without elevating the temperature of the gas passing through the gas distribution plate or adjacent to the gas distribution plate and provide sufficient heat for calcining the material. A control damper may be utilized in some embodiments to ensure that certain conditions and operating parameters of the calciner are monitored and maintained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a glass meting furnace comprising a channel-shaped melting tank, the batch materials being introduced at an upstream end, the molten glass being recovered at the downstream end, said furnace being heated by means of burners, in which the combustion energy is produced by oxy-fuel combustion in respect of at least 65% thereof, the burners being distributed on the walls along the length of the furnace, in which flue gas discharge is mostly localized close to the upstream end near the openings through which the batch materials are introduced, the rest of the flue gas being removed close to the downstream part so as to maintain dynamic sealing with respect to the surrounding atmosphere.

Abstract: In order to improve an enveloping gas device (20) for transporting at least one enveloping gas (H) that is allocated to at least one burner head or at least one nozzle (10) of a device (100) for working or processing at least one component or workpiece (B) by autogenous processes, so that a reduction of the contaminant concentration, particularly the concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and other harmful compounds is achieved, it is suggested, a flame (F) issuing from the burner head or nozzle (10) and directed towards the component or workpiece (B) is enclosed by the enveloping gas (H), and the concentration of contaminants contained in the waste gas from the device (100), particularly the concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOx), is reduced by the enveloping gas. The present invention further relates to a corresponding method associated with the enveloping gas device (20) for working or processing at least one component or workpiece (B) with autogenous processes.

Abstract: A furnace loading system for use with a heat treating furnace is disclosed. The furnace loading system includes a platform and a support structure mounted on the platform. First and second transport rails are mounted on the support structure. The furnace loading system also includes a transfer cart that is adapted for supporting a work load and for moving along the transport rails. A lift mechanism is operatively mounted on the transfer cart for vertically displacing a work load supported on the transfer cart. The furnace loading system also includes a drive mechanism mounted on the support structure and operatively connected to the transfer cart for displacing the cart along the rails. A traction device is operatively connected to the platform for moving the furnace loading system relative to a heat treating furnace.

Abstract: To provide a cement burning apparatus and a method of method of drying high-water-content organic waste capable of drying organic waste with high water content precluding the possibility of explosion; not incurring decreased thermal efficiency of a cement kiln; and more efficiently drying organic waste with high water content. The cement burning apparatus 1 comprises a dryer 6, to which combustion gas is fed from an exhaust gas passage, which runs from an outlet duct of a calciner 4 to an outlet duct of a preheater 3 of a cement kiln 2, for drying high-water-content organic waste of which water content is 40 mass percent or more. As the dryer 6, a grinding-type flash dryer, which directly contacts the combustion gas G with the organic waste W and dries the organic waste W while grinding it, can be used.

Abstract: A method for heat treating at least one workpiece, such as a coated turbine engine component, is provided. The method comprises the steps of cleaning a furnace to be used during the heat treating method, which cleaning method comprising injecting a gas at a workpiece center location and applying heat, and diffusion heat treating the at least one workpiece in a gas atmosphere with the gas being injected at the workpiece center location. After the diffusion heat treatment step, the coated workpiece(s) may be subjected to a surface finishing operation such as a peening operation.

Abstract: A burning oven is provided, and has a housing that surrounds a combustion chamber in which material that is to be burned can be introduced after the housing is opened and can be placed upon a combustion chamber base. A deposit element is disposed externally of the combustion chamber, and has a deposit surface that is formed at least partially of glass ceramic.

Abstract: During the heating of glass melting furnaces having a combustion chamber with regenerators for preheating oxidation gases, with port necks that open into the combustion chamber, with primary burners and with secondary burners that are installed in a cascade arrangement relative to the primary burners, the secondary burners are operated as cascade burners with a relatively low proportion of the fuel, the secondary fuel. Flames are thereby created in over- and sub-stoichiometric conditions and the flame gases formed are mixed with one another so that the complete combustion process in the combustion chamber is more or less stoichiometric. The secondary fuel is supplied by the secondary burners to a step, installed in the port neck.

Abstract: A process and furnace for melting glass is set forth wherein the majority of the combustion energy over the melting zone of the furnace is provided by oxy-fuel combustion while a majority of the combustion energy over the fining zone of the furnace is provided by air-fuel combustion. In many cases, it will be preferable to provide greater than 70% and up to and including 100% of the combustion energy over the melting zone by oxy-fuel combustion and greater than 70% and up to and including 100% of the combustion energy over the fining zone by air-fuel combustion. By proper tailoring of the combustion space atmosphere through oxy-fuel and air-fuel firing, the present invention can result in an improvement in glass productivity and quality. The present invention can be applied in the construction of a new furnace or can be applied to existing air-fuel furnaces.

Abstract: A process controls oxy-boost firing and air-fuel burner firing in furnaces, including large glass furnaces such as float furnaces. The large side-fired regenerative float furnaces use oxy-boost firing for a variety of reasons, including production increase, improved glass quality, lowering of superstructure temperatures, and reduction of emissions. An adaptive controller receives input data from process parameter sensors throughout the furnace, and adjusts its control logic for controlling both the oxy-boost burners and the air-fuel port burners.

Abstract: This apparatus is a furnace for heating molten material which employs oxygen-fuel burner assemblies. Preferably, the assemblies are submerged in the molten material. They are water cooled top down units with burner nozzles being off-set from the supply column. The apparatus utilizes one or more burners for each top down supply column. The supply column and attached burners can be rotated or moved in a manner to avoid the open chimney effect seen with fixed air-fuel burners of the prior art. These burners with an off-set nozzle like the letter L are rotated at high speed or oscillated to distribute the combustion in the form of gas bubbles or a gas curtain. In another embodiment, the oxy-fuel burners are not submerged. The nozzles are aimed at unmelted batch or the upper surface of the molten material for controlled splashing.

Abstract: A method for making a furnace for heating a glass sheet by lower electric resistance elements (50) supported by a furnace housing (12) below a roll conveyor (40) and by supplying a gas burner heated hot gas flow from a forced convection heater (56) that provides a dominant mode of external heat for heating the conveyed glass sheet from above. The furnace is manufactured by retrofitting an electric resistance heater type glass sheet furnace that initially has both lower and upper electric resistance elements (50) located below and above the roller conveyor (40). The lower electric resistance elements (50) are maintained while the upper electric resistance elements (50) are replaced with a gas burner forced convection heater (56).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for adjusting the flame exit velocity of a high velocity burner. The burner includes burner combustor chamber having a fluid accelerating nozzle and a burner combustor exhaust port. Fuel is delivered to the burner combustor through a fuel inlet. An ignitor is provided to initiate combustion of the fuel which is mixed with air from an air inlet. An adjusting device is provided to vary the flame exit area of the burner. The adjusting device includes an adjusting rod connected to an extension rod which preferably extends through the burner ignition chamber to the burner combustion exit port. For example, a tapered plug is attached to the end of the extension rod. The tapered plug is tapered in a direction decreasing toward the burner combustion exit port and can include fins attached around a periphery of the plug.

Abstract: A forced convection furnace (20) and method for heating glass sheets includes a forced convection heater (42) having lower hot gas distributors (44) located below alternate conveyor rolls (38) to provide upward gas flow both upstream and downstream thereof along a direction of conveyance to provide heating from below of the glass sheets being conveyed within a heating chamber (32) of a housing (22) of the furnace. The forced convection heater (42) also includes upper hot gas distributors (52) for providing heating from above of the glass sheets being conveyed within the heating chamber (32).

Abstract: A method and furnace for heating a glass sheet by lower electric resistance elements (50) supported by a furnace housing (12) below a roll conveyor (40) and by supplying a gas burner heated hot gas flow from a forced convection heater (56) that provides a dominant mode of external heat for heating the conveyed glass sheet from above. The furnace can also be manufactured by retrofitting an electric resistance heater type glass sheet furnace.

Abstract: This apparatus is a furnace for heating molten material which employs oxygen-fuel burner assemblies. Preferably, the assemblies are submerged in the molten material. They are water cooled top down units with burner nozzles being off-set from the supply column. The apparatus utilizes one or more burners for each top down supply column. The supply column and attached burners can be rotated or moved in a manner to avoid the open chimney effect seen with fixed air-fuel burners of the prior art. These burners with an off-set nozzle like the letter L are rotated at high speed or oscillated to distribute the combustion in the form of gas bubbles or a gas curtain. In another embodiment, the oxy-fuel burners are not submerged. The nozzles are aimed at unmelted batch or the upper surface of the molten material for controlled splashing.

Abstract: A forced convection furnace (20) and method for heating glass sheets includes a forced convection heater (42) having lower hot gas distributors (44) located below alternate conveyor rolls (38) to provide upward gas flow both upstream and downstream thereof along a direction of conveyance to provide heating from below of the glass sheets being conveyed within a heating chamber (32) of a housing (22) of the furnace. The forced convection heater (42) also includes upper hot gas distributors (52) for providing heating from above of the glass sheets being conveyed within the heating chamber (32).

Abstract: A method and apparatus involving combustion for melting glass. The fuel and oxidizer of the combustion are both supplied in such a way as to spread out the fuel/oxidant contact over time and to increase the volume of the contact. This limits the temperature peaks and reduces No.sub.x emissions. The invention also relates to the glass furnace which implements the method.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for a combustion apparatus capable of providing satisfactory sealing between an open end of an oxidizing agent duct and a regenerative structure. A regenerator includes a high-temperature section constituted by a regenerative unit made of a ceramic material and a low-temperature section constituted by a regenerative unit made of a metal material. The regenerator is formed with a plurality of communication passages which permit a combustion chamber and a suction/exhaust duct structure to communicate with each other. The communication passages are provided by a plurality of through-holes formed in the regenerative units. The number of the through-holes and an equivalent diameter thereof are determined so as to permit a pressure loss gradient in the low-temperature section positioned on the side of the suction/exhaust duct structure to be larger than that in the high-temperature section positioned on the side of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: In a scrap conveyor for feeding a scrap to a processing furnace such as an arc furnace, etc, while pre-heating the scrap by an exhaust gas from the processing furnace, the periphery of the scrap conveyor is covered with a gas seal cover, a flue is disposed above the scrap conveyed, an exhaust gas passage portion is disposed below the scrap conveyor, and an exhaust gas suction duct opening to the exhaust gas passage portion through an exhaust gas suction space is disposed. In the conveyor, an exhaust gas flow passage for allowing the exhaust gas inside the flue to pass through the scrap from its surface layer to its lower layer is formed inside the layer of the scrap, so that pre-heating of the scrap can be efficiently effected throughout the whole layer of the scrap.

Abstract: A furnace system is used for oxidizing a semiconductor wafer and diffusing a dopant impurity into the semiconductor wafer, and has a first quartz outlet gas nozzle for injecting oxygen gas, a second quartz outlet gas nozzle for injecting hydrogen so as to be burnt in the oxygen and a guard member surrounding an outlet end of the second outlet gas nozzle for spacing a high-temperature flame therefrom, thereby preventing the second quartz outlet gas nozzle from an aged deterioration due to a serious heat cycle.

Abstract: Hot gas heating devices are disclosed for heating an end of a tubular body before it is heat sealed, including a nozzle casing having a nozzle cavity, a heating nozzle disposed within the nozzle cavity, whereby the heating nozzle can be mounted at a predetermined location within the end of the tubular body, the heating nozzle including a hot gas outlet for directing a hot gas in order that a predetermined region of the end of the tubular body can be heated, a hot gas exhaust for exhausting the hot gas from the end portion of the tubular body, the hot gas exhaust including an ejector for creating a substantially uniform pressure drop at the predetermined region of the end of the tubular body in order to create a uniform distribution of the hot gas on the predetermined region of the end of the tubular body, and a cooling and centering body disposed on the exterior of the end of the tubular body for cooling and centering the outer surface of the tubular body.

Abstract: An apparatus and method suitable for the continuous curing of pasted battery plates. The apparatus includes a hydroset oven having an atmospherically controlled hydroset chamber in which a continuous transport conveyor is mounted. Pasted plates are automatically loaded onto the transport conveyor and moved continuously through the hydroset chamber. Plenums are positioned in the hydroset oven chamber adjacent to the transport conveyor to direct temperature and humidity controlled air over the battery plates to affect hydrosetting. Additional hydroset ovens may be provided depending on the quantity of battery plates being processed. The apparatus also includes a drying oven containing a continuous transport conveyor. The drying oven is arranged in series with the hydroset oven to receive the hydroset battery plates and dry them in a continuous process.

Abstract: A particulate material drying apparatus and method including a pulse combustor and an associated combustion chamber. Fuel and combustion air are introduced to the combustion chamber whereby the combination of the pulse combustor and combustion chamber generates a pulsating flow of hot gases. A material feed introduction chamber receives the hot gases and material to be dried is delivered into the introduction chamber for contact therein with the flow of hot gases. A drying chamber is connected to the introduction chamber for receiving the mixture of material and hot gases exiting from the introduction chamber. The drying chamber comprises an enclosing wall, a porous inner wall spaced inwardly from the enclosing wall, and an annular space defined between the enclosing wall and the porous inner wall. Fluid under pressure is introduced to the annular space whereby the fluid passes through the porous inner wall and deters build-up of material on the inner surface of the porous inner wall.

Abstract: A gas fired melting apparatus for particulate material. The melting apparatus has four successively connected vertically disposed sidewall members, a floor member and a roof member. These members define a cubic melting chamber for containing a freestanding generally conical pile of particulate material to be melted. The sizes, shapes and positions of the chamber radiating surfaces as well as their relative distances from the pile surfaces promote heat transfer to the pile. A high temperature gas fired burner is mounted in each sidewall adjacent to the corner formed by the tail end of one sidewall and the head end of a successive sidewall member. The axis of each burner is parallel with its successive wall member so the combined effect of the burners is to produce a toroidal flow of combustion products in the melting chamber around its central vertical axis.

Abstract: A heating device for heating a substantially planar screed plate for a paving machine comprising a plate being spaced from the screed plate, and a space being defined therebetween. A heated gas inlet feeds into a tunnel connecting to the space. At least some of the heated gas is directed from the tunnel substantially parallel to the screed plate. The tunnel is formed from a plurality of tunnel branches with a orifice attached to the end of each tunnel orifice determining the direction where the heated gas will be directed.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) is disclosed for treating a glass sheet (22) including a substantially enclosed chamber (14) containing a chamber atmosphere (24) in which the glass sheet (22) may be treated. Apparatus (10) also includes gas turbine engine (12) which generates heated pressurized exhaust gases which are provided to chamber (14) to treat glass sheet (22). In one embodiment, conveyor (26) is used to support glass sheet (22) in the chamber atmosphere (24). Air bed plate (72) is used to support the glass in an alternate apparatus embodiment (68).

Abstract: A miniaturized forge consisting of a metal body with slots and openings to admit the metal to be heated, along with a bracket for holding a separate fuel tank containing a torch which extends vertically downward through a hole in the metal body. The torch within the forge is able to selectively heat areas of metal objects to a temperature high enough to allow them to be bent into a desired shape.

Abstract: An improved charging process for an enclosure for melting materials such as blast furnace slags or basaltic glasses. The supply of combustive gas is carried out nonuniformly in order to create a gas circulation velocity gradient in the section of the cupola corresponding to the level of the tap hole, with the lowest circulation velocities meeting in the vicinity of the tap hole.

Abstract: A thermopulse apparatus for deburring parts has a hollow body (1) housing a working chamber (2) in such a manner as to define a space (7) between the outer walls (6) thereof and inner walls (4) of the body (1) for liquid (8) partly filling the space. The chamber (2) has spark plugs (9), an inlet valve (20), an exhaust valve (12) mounted in the bottom part of the chamber (2) along the longitudinal axis (16) thereof under the layer of liquid (8), and a covermember (13) for accommodation of the parts (14) being treated, the convermember being reciprocatable within the chamber (2). Ports (23 and 32) respectively are provided in the side walls (22) of the valve (12) and in the covermember (13) on the side of the valve (12).

Abstract: An apparatus for thermal deburring of parts has a working chamber (6) with a bottom member (3), an inlet valve (8), a spark plug (9) and an outlet valve. The latter is made in the form of a rod (10) having a through passage (11), one end of the passage communicating with the interior of the chamber (6) and the other end being disposed in a vessel (1) containing a liquid (2) and surrounded by an annular cooling chamber (13).

Abstract: An apparatus has a cylindrical working chamber (2) with a bottom member (7) provided with admission and discharge valves (3,5) and a spark plug (4). The bottom member (7) is made as a hollow cylinder having end plates and openings (8), the height and outside diameter of which are approximately equal to the height and inside diameter of the working chamber (2). Sealing rings (11, 12) are interposed between the chamber (2) and the hollow cylinder.

Abstract: Melting and holding furnace in which melting (1) and holding (2) chambers are separated from one another, and are connected via openings (6). The holding chamber is designed to be deeper in order to receive the melt which flows out of the melting chamber (1). The chimney (18) through which the burnt gases produced during heating of the melting chamber (1) pass is arranged in the cover (14) of the holding chamber (2), namely at the end of the holding chamber (2) opposite to the openings (6).

Abstract: Cermic materials (i.e. architectural face-bricks) are fired in a tunnel kiln of the type having a firing zone and a downstream cooling zone. The cooling zone is segregated into indirect and direct cooling zones via a sealed gate structure therebetween. The heated gases in the indirect cooling zone are thus preliminarily cooled by suitable means (for example, a heat exchanger) and the cooled gases are returned via a closed-loop path to the indirect cooling zone. The fired ceramic materials in the direct cooling zone are finally cooled by the direct introduction of an oxygen-rich gas (i.e. ambient air). In such a manner, a reducing atmosphere may be maintained in the firing zone and in the indirect cooling zone while final cooling of the bricks occurs in the direct cooling zone. Thus, the oxygen-rich atmosphere of the direct cooling zone is prevented from entering the indirect cooling zone via the sealed gate structure thereby permitting frost-resistant bricks to be fired and cooled on a continual basis.

Abstract: A mixing arrangement for mixing a combustible gas mixture consisting of at least two gas components for treatment of materials by means of temperature and pressure shocks, comprises for each gas component a feeding line discharging into a mixing chamber. At the discharge area of each of the feeding lines a jet arrangement is provided which forces gas flows discharged from the jet arrangement to take a shape and direction which enhance the admixture thereof before they enter the mixing chamber.

Abstract: Various improvements in pulsating combustors for use in dehydration are disclosed. In one aspect of the invention, gas is introduced into the combustion chamber through a fuel distributor providing a bluff body within the combustion chamber so that a striated charge having streaks of gas and air is produced. The tail pipe of the combustor has an enlarged outer portion provided with an inlet for material to be dehydrated so that an injector action occurs at the point of material entry. A valve may be associated with the material inlet so that the material is introduced in timed relation to the pulse combustion cycle. Other aspects of the invention concern a rotary mechanically driven air admitting valve for the combustion chamber and a gas supply arrangement designed to provide for low- and high-fire operating modes.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for individually and independently controlling the distribution of powdered solid fuel to each of a plurality of individual burners. A plurality of fuel outlet ports respectively and individually corresponding to individual ones of the plural burners are aligned with and spaced from a respectively corresponding plurality of air outlet ports. The air oulet ports are individually and controllably supplied with pressurized air while a supply of powdered solid fuel is fed into the spaces between the fuel outlet ports and the air outlet ports. In the preferred embodiment, a baffle is disposed between each pair of respectively corresponding fuel outlet and air outlet ports.

Abstract: A drying plant utilizing a flame jet comprises a jet burner supporting device which is provided over a treatment tank, and a sound arresting device which is formed at a burner inserting port in the upper surface of the treatment tank. A jet burner drawn out of the treatment tank is inclined to bring the fore end of the burner close to an ignition device, thus to ignite the burner. While observing the ignited burner externally through a transparent tube, combustion is controlled to establish the perfect combustion. Loud noises at the adjustment of the combustion are prevented by the sound arresting device from being given forth to the outside. A matter to-be-dried, such as paper manufacture sludge, supplied into the treatment tank is crushed by flames of the jet burner at high temperature and at high speed without being burnt. The treated matter is taken out as the dried matter.