Abstract: The present invention relates to granulysin, method of obtaining same, and uses, specifically to the granulysin polypeptide for the use thereof as a medicinal product via the systemic route and to a chimeric molecule comprising a recombinant antibody targeting a tumor antigen and the granulysin polypeptide.

Abstract: A method for screening a prostate cancer patient, which may analyze whether or not androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapy is applicable to the prostate cancer patient, through optical image analysis of circulating tumor cells and an AR variant.

Abstract: A body fluid leakage detection aqueous composition, for use e.g. in intraoperative pancreatic fluid leakage detection. The composition comprises a gelling agent, increasing the viscosity of the composition, and buffering species, the composition thereby being buffered. The gelling agent is cross-linked ?-glucan microspheres. Further, the composition comprises a pH-indicator. The pH of the composition is at least 0.1 pH units lower, or higher, than a pKa of the pH-indicator.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of identifying an individual having non-small cell lung carcinoma as to be treated by chemotherapy based on marker molecules cytokeratin-19 fragments (CYFRA 21-1) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as well as the use of the marker molecules for the identification of an individual to be treated by chemotherapy.

Abstract: Described are methods and compositions that provide for generating synthetic or recombinant proline rich peptides. In some aspects, p1978 compositions are used to inhibit breast cancer cell growth and thus provided is a method for treating and preventing breast cancer cell growth in a mammal.

Abstract: Luminescent lanthanide complexes comprising a triazine-based ligand capable of selective detection of urinary polyamines and their methods of use in detecting and quantifying urinary polyamines as well as prostate cancer biomarkers, such as spermine. The detection of the urinary polyamines can be accomplished using colorimetric methods such as, with an ultraviolet-visible spectrometer.

Abstract: Data threat evaluation systems and methods are described. A data model structure includes a root object query that, when executed, returns a third data subset from the plurality of data types that predate a known threat, the third data subset including data types in both the first data subset and the second data subset; and a model schema to extract, from the third data subset, data types of the first subset that predicate and indicate the threat, the model schema to produce at least an individualized data threat regression model, a script originator regression model, and a script filler data threat regression model using the extracted data types. The system may use the individualized data threat regression model, the script originator regression model, and the script filler data threat regression model back on the data set to identify potential threats. The system can be applied as a fraud, waste or abuse detector.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to urinary polyamines useful as prostate cancer biomarkers. In particular, the present disclosure provides a novel, highly-sensitive and specific, method for detecting and quantifying urinary polyamines using lanthanide complexes or citrate capped gold nanoparticles.

Abstract: An antigen detection method detects an antigen having a specific sugar chain in a sample with a lectin that binds to plural kinds of sugar chains including the specific sugar chain. The detection method includes: a first step of bringing the lectin into contact with the sample; a second step of bringing a glycohydrolase capable of cleaving at least one kind of sugar chain to which the lectin can bind into contact with the sample, the at least one kind of sugar chain excluding the specific sugar chain among the plural kinds of sugar chains; and a step of detecting the antigen bound with the lectin after the first and second steps.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the diagnosis and risk assessment of plasmalogen deficiency mediated diseases of aging. The present invention describes the relationship between plasmalogen biosynthesis dysfunction and the biochemical and clinical manifestations of age related disorders. Specifically the present invention describes an increased prevalence of colon cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, ovary cancer, kidney cancer, cognitive impairment and dementia in subjects suffering from adult onset plasmalogen biosynthesis disorder (AO-PBD).

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present invention relate to methods and compositions for assessing the absence, presence, progression, or stage of cancer. In particular, methods and compositions for detecting endometrial cancer or ovarian cancer are provided.

Abstract: Presented herein are biomarkers related to breast cancer. The presently identified salivary biomarkers create the basis for a breast cancer detection bioassay with sensitivity and specificity. Means and methods for evaluating the data generated using multiple biomarkers in order to validate findings and further use of the multiplexed breast cancer assay in clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic uses is also included.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improved diagnosis of dysplasias based on simultaneous detection of INK4a gene products and at least one marker for cell proliferation. Particularly the present invention provides a method for discriminating dysplastic cells over-expressing INK4a gene products from cells over-expressing INK4a gene products without being dysplastic by detection of a marker suitable for characterizing the proliferation properties of the respective cell. The characterization of the proliferation properties may comprise the detection of a marker or a set of markers characteristic for active cell proliferation and/or a marker or a set of markers characteristic for retarded or ceased cell proliferation. The method presented herein thus enables for a specific diagnosis of dysplasias in histological and cytological specimens.

Abstract: Provided are methods for determining the amount of tamoxifen and its metabolites in a sample by mass spectrometry. In some aspects, the methods provided herein determine the amount of norendoxifen. In some aspects, the methods provided herein determine the amount of norendoxifen and tamoxifen. In some aspects, the methods provided herein determine the amount of norendoxifen and other tamoxifen metabolites. In some aspects, the methods provided herein determine the amount of tamoxifen, norendoxifen, and other tamoxifen metabolites.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to stomach cancer diagnosis using tryptophan metabolism rate in one aspect, and it relates to an invention using change of tryptophan metabolism rate in a stomach cancer patient, which is different from a normal person.

Abstract: Provided are methods and kits for staining cervical cell sample by contacting the cervical cell sample with a Ficus elastics plant extract, staining the cervical cell sample with New Fuchsin, and staining the cervical cell sample with Light Green or Fast Green. Also provided are method of diagnosing a pre-malignant or a malignant cervical tumor in a subject, by staining the cervical cell sample and identifying at least one cervical cell having a red cytoplasm above a pre-determined threshold, wherein presence of the at least one cervical cell having the red cytoplasm above the pre-determined threshold is indicative of a non- or less-differentiated cell as compared to a normal cervical cell, thereby diagnosing the pre-malignant or a malignant cervical tumor in the subject.

Abstract: A method for determining an expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) of a subject. The method includes providing a sample from the subject; measuring one of (i) amounts of two or more proteins in the sample, each protein having a molecular weight substantially equal to 4740, 8404, 8419, 8435, 8450, 8455, 8465, 8570, 8607 or 8626 atomic mass units, and (ii) amounts of at least one of human cystein-rich intestinal protein 1 (CRIP1), one or more variants of the human cystein-rich intestinal protein 1 (CRIP1 variants), and proteolytic digestion products thereof in the sample; and comparing the amounts of the proteins to control amounts, which control amounts are determinative of the expression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an antibody that can be stably supplied and can react with prostasin under non-denaturation and denaturation conditions, and an antigen peptide for preparation of the antibody. The present invention relates to a peptide consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or a peptide consisting of an amino acid sequence that has a deletion, a substitution, or an addition of one or several amino acids with respect to the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 and having antigenicity of prostasin. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an antibody prepared using the peptide as an antigen.

Abstract: Using the methods of the present invention, intermediate (int) levels of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity reliably distinguished leukemic CD34+CD38? cells capable of engrafting immunodeficient mice, from residual normal hematopoietic stem cells that exhibited relatively higher ALDH activity. Minimal residual disease (MRD) detected during complete remission was enriched for the CD34+CD38?ALDHint leukemic cells, and the presence of these cells after therapy highly correlated with subsequent clinical relapse. The methods of the present invention can distinguish normal from leukemic CD34+CD38? cells, and identifies those AML cells associated with relapse. Methods of prediction of relapse of AML patients and methods of treatment are also provided.

Abstract: The present application pertains to improved methods of detecting biomolecules in a biological sample (or system), In particular, embodiments discussed herein allow for the detection of biomolecule complexes. The embodiments enable for the first time the elucidation of the significance of biomolecule complexes for certain disease states, which in turn enables the diagnosis of disease states based on the identity and complexing level of a biomolecule complex in a particular biological sample.

Abstract: Methods of using TLE3 as a marker for predicting the likelihood that a patient's cancer will respond to chemotherapy. Methods of using TLE3 as a marker for selecting a chemotherapy for a cancer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of providing a risk evaluation and diagnosis of human cancer, by examining the presence, in the volatile fraction of a human saliva sample, of a combination of particulate biochemical volatile organic compounds, which is indicative of an increased risk of developing cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to affinity biosensing using polarization of light scattering of aggregated noble metallic nanostructures to determine concentration of an analyte in a test sample. This new sensing system utilizes the changes in polarized plasmonic scattering from nanostructures as the nanostructures aggregate due to binding of the analyte to a binding partner attached to the surface of the metallic nanostructure.

Abstract: A device for controlling, detecting, and measuring a molecular complex is disclosed. The device comprises a common electrode. The device further comprises a plurality of measurement cells. Each measurement cell includes a cell electrode and an integrator electronically coupled to the cell electrode. The integrator measures the current flowing between the common electrode and the cell electrode. The device further comprises a plurality of analog-to-digital converters, wherein an integrator from the plurality of measurement cells is electrically coupled to one analog-to-digital converter of the plurality of analog-to-digital converters.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for the prognostic evaluation of a patient suspected of having, or having, cancer by assessing the expression of IMP3 in a biological sample of a patient. Methods can be used at the time of initial diagnosis of malignant tumors to identify a group of patients with a high potential to develop progression or metastasis later. Therefore, methods not only are able to provide very useful prognostic information for patients but also can help clinicians to select a candidate patient likely to benefit from early and aggressive cancer therapy. Methods and compositions for the treatment of cancer associated with expression of IMP3 are also provided.

Abstract: A method for the parallel identification of one or more metabolite species within a biological sample is provided. The method comprises producing a first spectrum by subjecting the sample to a nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, the first spectrum containing individual spectral peaks representative of the one or more metabolite species contained within the sample; producing a second spectrum by subjecting the sample to a mass spectrometry analysis, the spectrum containing individual spectral peaks representative of the one or more metabolite species contained within the sample; subjecting each of the individual spectral peaks to a statistical pattern recognition analysis to identify the one or more metabolite species contained within the sample; and identifying the one or more metabolite species contained within the sample by analyzing the individual spectral peaks of the mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improved diagnosis of dysplasias based on simultaneous detection of INK4a gene products and at least one marker for cell proliferation. Particularly the present invention provides a method for discriminating dysplastic cells over-expressing INK4a gene products from cells over-expressing INK4a gene products without being dysplastic by detection of a marker suitable for characterizing the proliferation properties of the respective cell. The characterization of the proliferation properties may comprise the detection of a marker or a set of markers characteristic for active cell proliferation and/or a marker or a set of markers characteristic for retarded or ceased cell proliferation. The method presented herein thus enables for a specific diagnosis of dysplasias in histological and cytological specimens.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, and specifically to a method of diagnosing the presence, status or metastasis of cancer by detecting plasma Hsp90? having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 as a tumor marker. In addition, the present invention also relates to a method for the treatment of cancer and metastasis.

Abstract: A non-invasive method of detecting or screening for lung cancer in a subject specimen is provided. The method includes detecting elevated levels of one or more carbonyl-containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are biomarkers for lung cancer in exhaled breath from the subject specimen. The method may further include obtaining exhaled breath from the subject specimen; forming adducts of the carbonyl-containing VOCs with a reactive chemical compound; quantifying the adducts of the carbonyl-containing VOCs to establish a subject value for each of the adducts; and comparing each subject value to a threshold healthy specimen value for each of the adducts of the carbonyl-containing VOCs. One or more subject values at quantities greater than threshold healthy specimen values are also useful for screening for lung cancer in the subject specimen.

Abstract: A novel method that enables prostate cancer testing that is noninvasive and more accurate than conventional methods is disclosed. The present inventors intensively analyzed urine samples from prostate cancer patients, and non-cancer subjects, who are free of prostate cancer, and, as a result, newly discovered urinary peptides that can be used as indicators in prostate cancer testing. Use of these urinary peptides as indicators enables various prostate cancer-related tests including detection of prostate cancer, discrimination between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia, monitoring of a therapeutic effect of prostate cancer therapy and monitoring of postoperative recurrence.

Abstract: Regions where metastatic cancer cells can exist are detected with high accuracy in a sentinel lymph node. Quantum dots are injected into the vicinity of a cancer in a living body, thereby identifying the location of the sentinel lymph node by means of fluorescence. Subsequently, the sentinel lymph node is extracted. With respect to the sentinel lymph node extracted with quantum dots injected, structural analysis is conducted by means of precision fluorescence measurement which uses a confocal fluorescence microscope for monomolecular observation. Specifically, the fluorescence intensity is measured with respect to each of multiple areas in the sentinel lymph nodes, and out of the multiple areas measured, one or more areas are detected as afferent lymph vessel inflow regions in descending order of fluorescence intensity.

Abstract: A method of detecting a predisposition to, or the incidence of, cancer in a sample comprises detecting an epigenetic change in at least one gene selected from an NDRG4/NDRG2 subfamily gene, GATA4, OSMR, GATA5, SFRP1, ADAM23, JPH3, SFRP2, APC, MGMT, TFPI2, BNIP3, FOXE1, SYNE1, S0X17, PHACTR3 and JAM3, wherein detection of the epigenetic change is indicative of a predisposition to, or the incidence of, cancer. Also described are pharmacogenetic methods for determining suitable treatment regimens for cancer and methods for treating cancer patients, based around selection of the patients according to the methods of the invention. The present invention is also concerned with improved methods of collecting, processing and analyzing samples, in particular body fluid samples. These methods may be useful in diagnosing, staging or otherwise characterizing various diseases.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a panel of a plurality of metabolite species that is useful for the identification or detection of subjects having pancreatic cancer, including methods for identifying such metabolic biomarkers within biological samples. The disclosure also includes a statistical model for predicting the presence of pancreatic cancer in a subject's biofluid by quantifying and comparing positive and negative fold changes in metabolite species' concentration; comparing the subject's metabolite species' concentrations to a predetermined value.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for simultaneously detecting the activation state of a plurality of proteins in single cells using flow cytometry. The invention further provides methods and compositions of screening for bioactive agents capable of coordinately modulating the activity of a plurality of proteins in single cells. The methods and compositions can be used to determine the protein activation profile of a cell for predicting or diagnosing a disease state, and for monitoring treatment of a disease state.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining or predicting the response of a patient diagnosed with non small cell lung cancer to targeted pharmacotherapy. The present invention also aims to provide methods and devices for predicting the response of patients diagnosed with non small cell lung cancer to specific medicaments. More specifically, the present invention provides methods which measure kinase activity by studying phosphorylation levels and profiles and inhibitions thereof by drugs in samples of said patients.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the survival prognosis of patients suffering from non-small cell lung cancer. More specifically, the present invention provides methods which measure kinase activity by studying phosphorylation levels in response to a kinase inhibitor and profiles in samples obtained from patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer. The present invention also provides methods for predicting the response of a patient diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer to a medicament.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present invention relate to methods and compositions for detecting the presence of cancer. In particular, methods and compositions for detecting endometrial cancer or ovarian cancer are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides multi-parameter analysis methods for determining the presence or absence of pre-cancerous or cancerous cells in a cervical sample and for screening cervical abnormality in a cervical sample. The invention also provides an apparatus and automated methods for screening cervical abnormality in a sample. The invention further provides a sampling device and a sample collection assembly for collecting cell samples, including cervical samples.

Abstract: The invention described herein relates to novel nucleic acid sequences and their encoded proteins, referred to as 158P1D7 and variants thereof, and to diagnostic and therapeutic methods and compositions useful in the management of various cancers that express 158P1D7 and variants thereof.

Abstract: A urinary biomarker for urinary tract cancers and applications of the same are revealed. TACSTD2 is used as a non-invasive urinary biomarker for urinary tract cancers due to a feature that the TACSTD2 protein is increased significantly in urine of patients with urinary tract cancers. The quantitative urinary biomarker shows high specificity and high sensitivity for urinary tract cancer detection. Besides increasing screening efficiency, early diagnosis and early treatment of urinary tract cancers, the biomarker can also be used to assess malignancy of urinary tract cancers and monitor tumor progression for determining optimal treatment against the disease and improving the treatment results.

Abstract: Provided are a marker for determining sensitivity to an anticancer agent capable of distinguishing a therapeutic response of an individual patient and a novel means for a cancer therapy using the marker. The marker for determining sensitivity to an anticancer agent contains a substance in a metabolic pathway in which L-phenylalanine and/or N,N-dimethyl glycine are/is involved.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for predicting or determining the response of a mammalian tumor to a chemotherapeutic agent and for treating a mammalian tumor comprising detecting and quantifying the SPARC protein or RNA in a sample isolated from the mammal. The invention further provides kit for predicting the response of a mammalian tumor to a chemotherapeutic agent, comprising a means for the isolation of protein or RNA from the tumor, a SPARC protein or RNA detection and quantification means, control RNAs, and rules for predicting the response of the tumor based on the level of SPARC protein or RNA in tumor.

Abstract: It is to provide a tumor diagnostic agent and a tumor determination method enabling not only determination of the presence or absence of a tumor in a subject, but also determination of whether the tumor is a malignant tumor or a benign tumor, which can be used simply at low cost with reduced side effects and burden. 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) or its derivative, or a salt thereof is orally administered at a dose of 5 to 7 mg in terms of ALA per kg of body weight, and a urine sample 4 to 12 hours after the administration is collected. Porphyrins and creatinine in the urine sample are quantitated, and based on the value (nmol/gCre) obtained by dividing the amount of porphyrins by the amount of creatinine, a distinction among an individual without a tumor, an individual with a benign tumor, and an individual with a malignant tumor is determined. The presence or absence of a malignant tumor in a subject can be clearly determined by administering 1 to 3 mg of ALAs in terms of ALA per kg of body weight.

Abstract: Methods for the detection, enumeration and analysis of circulating tumor cells expressing insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors (IGF-1R) are disclosed. These methods are useful for cancer screening and staging, development of treatment regimens, and for monitoring for treatment responses, cancer recurrence or the like. Test kits that facilitate the detection, enumeration and analysis of such circulating tumor cells are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of aiding in a renal cell carcinoma prognosis that include quantifying expressed carbonic anhydrase in samples derived from renal cell carcinoma patients. The methods also identify patients that are likely to respond positively to selected courses of treatment. The invention further provides related computer program products.

Abstract: A diagnosis support system for cancer is disclosed that comprises: a measurement value acquiring section for acquiring a measurement value of a first cancer patient; a sample data memory for storing sample data of a plurality of cancer patients different from the first patient; a reference range determination section for determining a reference range based on the measurement value of the first cancer patient; a display unit; and a display controller for controlling the display unit to display a diagnosis support screen showing the clinical information included in the sample data having measurement value within the reference range. A method of providing cancer diagnosis support information and a computer program product are also disclosed.

Abstract: The subject invention concerns methods for the detection, diagnosis, and/or prognosis of cancer by analyzing centrosomal features. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving an image of one or more cells; selecting a region of interest in one cell; segmenting the region of interest to delineate at least one centrosomal; extracting one or more features from the segmented image; and analyzing the extracted features to diagnose cancer. In another embodiment, the progression of cancer can be predicted through analysis and classification of the extracted features. In one embodiment, the method can be performed by a quantitative cancer analysis system including a diagnosis module and/or a prognosis module. In one embodiment, the method can be performed using an image processing system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a quantitative assay device and a method for the determination of an analyte, based on a test strip, which contains a porous test membrane allowing for capillary flow of the analyte and complexes of the analyte, a porous upstream membrane in fluid connection with the test membrane and a porous downstream membrane in fluid connection with the test membrane, wherein the test membrane contains two bands having deposited on there high and low concentrations of different calibrator agents and a test band capable of reacting with conjugated analyte complexes giving rise to a measurable signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides oligopeptides comprising the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 3, 4 and 5. The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition containing the amino acid sequence of selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 3, 4 and 5 formulated for the treatment or prevention of cancer in a subject. Furthermore, the present invention provides a method of inducing immune response using such oligopeptides and pharmaceutical agents.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides for a method of determining if a sputum sample contains dysplastic or carcinomic cells by obtaining a sputum sample containing cells. The sputum sample is labeled with TCPP to stain cells suspected to be dysplastic or carcinomic. The labeled sputum sample is excited with an excitation wavelength of light of about 475 nm+/?30 nm and emission at about 560 nm+/?30 nm is detected from cells identified to be macrophages. An imager focuses on the plasma membrane of one or more cells suspected to be dysplastic or carcinomic and emission at about 655 nm+/?30 nm, if present, is detected for TCPP labeled cells of the sputum sample after focusing on the plasma membrane of the cells of the sputum sample. Photon flux for each pixel of a sensor is measured to obtain a value for the imaged cell. The measured value is scored to determine if a cell is cancerous or dysplastic.