Abstract: A registration fixture is configured for use with a medical imaging system. The registration fixture comprises a rigid internal structure comprising a plurality of fiducial markers arranged in a predefined pattern. The registration fixture further comprises a housing configured to surround the rigid internal structure. The registration fixture is configured to be mounted on a patient table.

Abstract: A connection device for electrical connection of a vehicle to a charging cord provided with a charging socket includes a housing, a power contact disposed within the housing, and a printed circuit board mounted in the housing having a first face provided with a first metal pad which is compressed between the printed circuit board and a surface of the power contact, and a second face provided with a first temperature sensor which is arranged opposite the first metal pad. A method of electrical connection of a vehicle to a charging cord provided with a charging socket is also provided.

Abstract: A receptacle includes a plurality of universal serial bus (USB) power delivery (PD) ports couplable to one or more devices to be charged, a plurality of USB PD controllers coupled to the plurality of USB PD ports in a one-to-one manner, where the plurality of USB PD controllers are structured and configured to negotiate power sharing when the plurality of USB PD ports are coupled to a plurality of devices to be charged, a microcontroller coupled to the plurality of USB PD controllers and structured and configured to receive, from at least one USB PD controller of the plurality of USB PD controllers, real-time charging information including at least a power profile of the one or more devices to be charged, and a display coupled to the microcontroller and structured and configured to receive and display the real-time charging information.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes various alternative embodiments of plug force testers, in particular devices well-suited for testing aircraft ground power connection plugs. The disclosed plug force testers provide a fixed, well-supported position for test pins on which a plug is inserted, which can be positioned to correspond to a height or orientation of the pins in an actual aircraft. Embodiments described also may include means for preventing excessive force application during testing.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a power strip, including at least one socket, and a display unit configured to display information of a device plugged into the at least one socket. Through the display unit, the information of the device corresponding to the socket can be conveniently provided, preventing operating incorrectly.

Abstract: A plug-in power adapter is described. The plug-in power adapter may comprise a plug having a plurality of prongs, wherein a first prong of the plurality of prongs is adapted to receive power; a transformer coupled to receive the power from the first prong of the plurality of prongs, wherein the transformer generates a power signal on a power signal line coupled to the transformer; a plurality of contact elements accessible on the plug-in power adapter by a user of the plug-in power adapter; and a wireless communication circuit adapted to receive signals using a wireless communication protocol; wherein a contact element of the plurality of contact elements is adapted to receive a control signal.

Abstract: An electronic device is disclosed. The device includes a housing, a first printed circuit board (PCB) disposed in the housing and to including a first connector and a grip sensor, a second PCB disposed separate from the first PCB and including a second connector, an electrical path electrically coupled to the first connector and the second connector, at least one antenna forming part of the housing or disposed within the housing, a processor operatively connected to the grip sensor and the at least one antenna, a first conductive path electrically coupled to the grip sensor and the at least one antenna, and a second conductive path electrically coupled to the grip sensor and the first connector.

Abstract: Embodiments of present disclosure relate to a power cable connector, an electrical system and a method for assembling a power cable connector. The power cable connector comprises a housing comprising a first portion adapted to contain a conductive plug inserted therethrough. The power cable connector also comprises a first layer arranged on at least a part of an inner wall of the housing. The power cable connector further comprises a second layer arranged on the first layer so that the first layer is at least partially located between the inner wall of the housing and the second layer. The power cable connector further comprises a passive wireless measuring apparatus embedded into the second layer, wherein in the case that the conductive plug is inserted into the first portion, a surface of the passive wireless measuring apparatus is coupled to the conductive plug.

Abstract: In a jig main body constructing a conduction inspection jig, a pin guard plate is arranged so as to be movable back and forth between the main body bottom portion and the main body guide portion. Before conduction inspection, the tip end of a conduction pin is positioned outside the conduction pin hole. When the pin guard plate moves towards a side of the main body bottom portion with a start of the conduction inspection, only the tip end of the normal conduction pin without bent enters into the conduction pin hole and penetrates, and thereby protrudes from the conduction pin hole. An inspection method of a conduction pin includes an arranging step of arranging the tip end outside the conduction pin hole, a moving step of moving the pin guard plate, and a detecting step of detecting whether or not the tip end enters into the conduction pin hole.

Abstract: A work order is generated. The work order comprises a first work order step specifying that a port of a first network element is to be connected to a port of a second network element using a cable. The first and second network elements are configured to detect when connections are made at the specified ports of the first network element and the second network element. A management system is configured to update information it maintains to indicate that there is a connection between the specified port of the first network element and the specified port of the second network element if connections made at the specified ports of the first and second network elements are detected during a period in which the first work order step of the first work order is expected to be performed. A similar technique can be used for disconnecting a cable.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining whether a conductive ring is attached to an electrically conductive shaft. The body of the apparatus includes an electrical contact and side magnets positioned in a recess along the circumference of the cavity. When the shaft is received by the body, the electrical contact is in contact with the conductive shaft and the side magnets in the recess are in contact with the ring attached to the shaft, if present. An electrical signal is provided to the shaft and ring via the magnets and an output signal is generated. The output signal is indicative of whether the ring is attached to the shaft.

Abstract: A vehicle media hub assembly includes a housing having a display surface with an aperture, and a port disposed at least partially within the housing and extending into the aperture, the port configured to provide electrical and/or signal communication between two electrical devices. A lighting device is disposed within the aperture at least partially around the port. A door is coupled to the housing and movable between an open position providing access to the display surface, and a closed position covering the display surface. The door includes a window and a translucent cover at least partially covering the window. The window is configured to be disposed proximate the lighting device when the door is in the closed position such that light from the lighting device is configured to pass through the window and the translucent cover to illuminate at least a portion of the translucent cover.

Abstract: A traceable fiber optic cable assembly with an illumination structure and tracing optical fibers for carrying light received from a light launch device is disclosed herein. The traceable fiber optic cable assembly and light launch device provide easy tracing of the traceable fiber optic cable assembly using fiber optic tracing signals. Further, the launch connector is easily attached to and removed from the fiber optic connector with repeatable and reliable alignment of optic fibers, even when the fiber optic connector is mechanically and/or optically engaged with a network component. The fiber optic connectors are configured to efficiently illuminate an exterior of the connector for effective visibility for a user to quickly locate the fiber optic connector.

Abstract: A multifiber connector comprising a rectangular-shaped ferrule having a plurality of fibers, alignment structure positioned on a front face of the ferrule, the alignment structure being at least one of alignment pins and pin-receiving holes, a housing defining a ferrule opening, the ferrule opening sized and shaped to accommodate disposition of the ferrule therein, wherein when disposed within the ferrule opening the ferrule extends forward from a front face of the housing; the housing having an outer periphery, wherein the outer periphery is defined by at least a top wall, a bottom wall, and first and second side walls, each of the side walls defining a recess having a curved surface, each recess positioned at an intermediate point along the height of the first and second side walls, and a key on the outer periphery of the housing on at least one of the top wall and the bottom wall, the key being offset to one side of a centerline bisecting the connector into first and second side portions, wherein the key p

Abstract: A transmission cable includes a cable body, a return control circuit, and a determining circuit. The cable body has a first end and a second end, and the cable body includes a first wire and a second wire. The return control circuit is located at the second end and configured to selectively electrically connect the first wire to the second wire. The determining circuit is located at the first end, and configured to determine an electrical property of the second wire and output a first signal when the foregoing electrical property is less than a threshold.

Abstract: An example port protector includes a plug housing including an exterior surface and an interior surface, the plug housing sized to mate with a data communication port of an electronic device. The port protector also includes an opening extending from the exterior surface to the interior surface. The port protector further includes a storage container disposed within the plug housing, the storage container to release an adhesive agent via the opening based on an interaction between the plug housing and the data communication port.

Abstract: An electrical connection system is described. The electrical connection system comprises a first electrical connection component that is suitable for transmission of power with a voltage level greater than 1 kV. The electrical connection system also comprises a second electrical connection component that is suitable for transmission of power with a voltage level greater than 1 kV and arranged for coupling to the first electrical connection component. The electrical connection system comprises a mechanical coupling assembly for imparting a driving force to drive the first and second electrical connection components relative to each other along a central axis of the electrical connection system and between disengaged and engaged conditions. The mechanical coupling assembly is structured to impart a portion of the driving force at a first eccentric position and comprising a transmission that is arranged to transmit a further portion of the driving force to a second eccentric position.

Abstract: A charging device for an electric vehicle has a first charging connector on the vehicle side for mechanically connecting to a second charging connector of an external charging station. The first charging connector has two contact elements for a DC charging process. A galvanic connection of the contact elements to an electric energy store is provided, wherein direct current flows into the electric energy store. A control device monitors the charging process and is capable of communicating with the charging station. The charging device has at least one contact element movable between a first and a second position. In the first position, the contact element is retracted in the first charging connector, and in the second position the contact element is arranged so as to contact a corresponding contact of the second charging connector when the first and the second charging connectors are mechanically connected.

Abstract: A cable verification system can be used to verify network connections between a network device and a patch panel. The network device and patch panel can be used to connect customers into a multi-tenant service provider environment through a direct connection. In order to ensure that the customers can properly connect, a cable verification system can be used that determines if the correct connections are made and if the signal levels are sufficiently strong. A backend software service can continuously and automatically check the ports of the networking device for test signals. A web front end can be used by the technician to interface with the backend software service in order to coordinate the testing.

Abstract: A cage assembly comprises a cage, at least one heat sink, at least one clip and at least one light guide. The cage comprises a front end, a rear end, a top wall positioned between the front end and the rear end and a rear wall positioned at the rear end, the cage is formed with at least one port, the port extends from the front end to the rear end. The heat sink is provided on the top wall of the cage and corresponds to one port. The clip comprises a frame engaged with the top wall and fixing the heat sink and a holding piece extending upwardly from the frame.

Abstract: A board connecting connector includes a board retaining portion and a terminal retaining portion. The board retaining portion accommodates a board, and the terminal retaining portion accommodates terminals. When the board retaining portion and the terminal retaining portions are in a state of being fit to each other, terminal portions provided on a sheet surface of the board and elastic contact portions of the terminals contact to each other. Each of the terminals includes an elastic deformation portion having a contact portion and an inspection portion, with which an inspection jig contacts to inspect the terminal. The elastic deformation portion is formed by notching on a surface of a cylindrical part that is formed by bending sheet metal. The inspection portion is provided on a different surface from the cylindrical surface, using a part of the sheet metal.

Abstract: An electrical connector for connecting plural multi-contact linear arrays with an electrical system, including: a base portion having a base member and an alignment member on the base member configured to hold the multi-contact linear arrays in place; an interconnect portion configured to mate with the base portion and having (1) a plurality of pins mounted thereto, each pin positioned for contact with a respective contact of the multi-contact linear arrays, and (2) an interconnect array having a plurality of conductive pathways to the electrical system; and one or more closure elements for holding the base and interconnect portions together, wherein each of the contacts of the multi-contact linear arrays is electrically connected to a corresponding point in circuits within the electrical system.

Abstract: A transportable electrical power-supplying device for supplying AC and DC electrical power to a group of electrical appliances and/or electronic devices located in an environment. The transportable device has a housing supporting a plurality of electrical power receptacles for supplying AC and DC electrical power to a plurality of electrical appliances and/or electronic devices. The transportable device also has one or more external power cord storage compartments, for managing the excess length of power cords associated therewith. Any excess power cord can be wound up about a power cord spool within the power storage compartment, held firmly in place and concealed behind a set of spaced apart elastomeric structures forming a perimeter power cord opening.

Abstract: It is intended to provide an imaging apparatus capable of selecting a contrast AF method immediately if a subject is judged not suitable for a phase difference AF method, as well as its focus control method. In an imaging apparatus which switches between a focus control by a phase difference AF method and focus control by a contrast AF method, whether to perform a focus control according to the phase difference AF method is determined according to a color of an image taken in an AF area selected from plural AF areas 52 that are set in a photodetecting surface 50.

Abstract: An electronic cigarette comprises an atomizer and a battery component connecting with the atomizer at one end thereof. The battery component comprises a battery sleeve, a rechargeable battery received in the battery sleeve, a battery seat disposed at the other end of the battery component opposite to the one end thereof to connect with the atomizer, and a pneumatic switch disposed in the battery component to electrically connect between the rechargeable battery and the atomizer. An opening is formed at a distal end of the battery seat facing away from the atomizer to allow electrical connection between a power supply and the rechargeable battery extending through the opening. The pneumatic switch is responsive to air flowing in the battery component so as to control electrical connection between the rechargeable battery and the atomizer and start the atomizer based on the air flowing.

Abstract: An electrical receptacle assembly having an outer body and a faceplate. The outer body can include at least one driven feature disposed on an outer surface of the outer body. The faceplate can include a number of terminal receivers and at least one driving feature, where the terminal receivers traverse the faceplate and are configured to receive a number of terminals of an electrical plug, and where the at least one driving feature is disposed on a bottom side of the faceplate. The faceplate can rotate between a first position and a second position. The driving feature of the faceplate can couple to the driven feature of the outer body when the faceplate is out of the first position. The faceplate can rotate from the first position to the second position using the electrical plug when the terminals are disposed in the terminal receivers.

Abstract: A distributed monitoring system and a computer-implemented method monitors and controls locally situated network components through a monitoring and control device or processor querying the network component operating parameters and sending control commands for controlling the parameters queried. Reports of the status of the monitored network components are periodically generated from throughout the network and sent to a remotely located status viewing station configured to generate a monitoring interface and display the operational status of the network based on the status reports. If necessary, the status viewing station automatically transmits instructions, or a user enters instructions into the status viewing station, for instructing action be taken by the monitoring and control device or processor, e.g., to adjust one or more operating parameters queried. The distributed monitoring system may be particularly useful in monitoring and managing the health of a digital signage network.

Abstract: A connector with an integral fuse holder is described herein. The connector can include a portion having a fuse receiver disposed within a cavity and coupled to an electrical connection feature. The connector can include an end coupled to the portion, where the end includes a wall that forms a cavity. The connector can further include a fuse assembly having a contact member, a fuse, a fuse holder, and a conductor receiver. The contact member can couple to the electrical connection feature. The fuse holder can include a first end that couples to a top end of the fuse and the contact member, and a second end that couples to a bottom end of the fuse. The conductor receiver can couple to the second end of the fuse holder and to the bottom end of the fuse. A receiving feature of the conductor receiver can couple to a conductor.

Abstract: An identification assembly for use with a fiber-optic connector includes a non-conducting over-nut, an electrical assembly disposed at the proximal end of the over-nut, and an RFID tag supported by the distal end of the over-nut. The over-nut is configured to surround and couple with the fiber-optic connector. The electrical assembly includes a first electrical contact configured to electrically connect to the fiber-optic connector, a second electrical contact configured for electrical engagement with a contact portion of a light source assembly, and one or more electrical components coupled between the first and second contacts and providing a defined electrical characteristic. The identification assembly enables identification using either electrical-characteristic based or RFID-based identification approaches.

Abstract: For cable management, a bi-stable liquid crystal display is positioned on an exterior segment of a communications cable. A display module that connects to the bi-stable liquid crystal display, connects to the communications cable with one or more pins, and receives the signal associated with one or more messages about the communications cable. The display module further causes the one or more messages to be shown on the bi-stable liquid crystal display in response to the display module receiving the signal.

Abstract: A charging cable, used for charging an electric storage device in an electric vehicle from an external power supply, controls a usage history of the charging cable by a CCID, displays a warning on an external monitor, and regulates charging when a service life limit of the charging cable has been exceeded.

Abstract: An electrical connector includes a housing having outwardly extending sleeves for connection with a corresponding connector. The housing defines an aperture extending through the extending sleeves, and an electrically-conductive contact is retained within the interior space of the housing and extending into the aperture. The electrically-conductive contact has an end comprising a contact portion within the aperture and an opposite end comprising a push-in type contact element. A cap retains the contact within the interior space, enclosing the interior space, and defining a port to allow insertion of a conductor of various construction therethrough.

Abstract: A shore power cord includes a power supply connector electrically connected to a vehicle connector. In some cases, the vehicle connector includes features to selectively secure the vehicle connector to a vehicle power receptacle inlet. In some cases, the shore power cord includes a test module that evaluates the condition of the cord set and a power supply when the cord set is connected to the power supply.

Abstract: A connector assembly includes a first connector and a second connector. The first connector is coupled to a first electronic device, and the second connector is coupled to a second electronic device and detachably mated with the first connector. The first connector includes a first housing and a magnetic member. The magnetic member is installed inside the first housing and for generating magnetic field. The second connector includes a second housing and a magnetic sensor disposed in the second housing. The magnetic sensor senses the magnetic field generated by the magnetic member when the second connector is mated with the first connector, so as to drive the second electronic device to power the first electronic device.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrical connector for connecting an electrical device to an electrical conductor (3) for powering the electrical device (9) with DC voltage. The electrical connector (1) comprises an arrangement information providing unit for determining arrangement information being information about the arrangement of the electrical connector on the electrical conductor and an indicator (7) for indicating the provided arrangement information Since the arrangement information is provided and indicated, a user like an installer can easily see how the respective electrical connector is arranged on the electrical conductor, in particular, with respect to other electrical connectors. Specifically, if several electrical connectors are present, arrangement information can be provided for the several electrical connectors. This allows the user to easily obtain an overview of components of a DC power distribution system.

Abstract: An adjustable electrical-power outlet strip (AEOS) that allows a selected quantity of electrical receptacles to be connected on a single power strip. In addition to the electrical receptacles there is also a USB port that can be connected via a USB cable to charge an electronic component such as a cell phone. The AEOS is also designed to allow each of the connected power receptacles to be rotated to an optimum usable angle.

Abstract: An electrical adaptor comprising a housing. A male electrical plug comprises a prong extending from the housing and is configured as a standard 120-volt male plug. The prong comprises a distal tip, and the distal tip forms an end to the male electrical plug. A female socket is electrically connected to the male electrical plug and comprises an electrical contact positioned in the housing. The female socket is configured to receive a standard 120-volt male plug. The electrical contact comprises a distal tip, and the distal tip forms an end to the female socket. At least one thermal indicator circuit is electrically connected to the male electrical plug and the female socket and is electrically positioned between an end of the male plug and an end of the female socket. The thermal indicator circuit is configured to actuate an alarm upon detecting a temperature at or above a threshold temperature without interrupting electrical flow between the male electrical plug and the female socket.

Abstract: A housing for a connecting unit, particularly an electronic unit, includes at least one plug connector having a plug axis. The housing also includes a strip. The longitudinal axis of the strip is in a spatial plane with the plug axis of the plug connector.

Abstract: A test apparatus with physical separation feature is disclosed. The test apparatus includes probes (210), a peripheral circuit (220), a circuit of special function (230), wherein the peripheral circuit and the circuit of special function are separately arranged on different circuit boards (240, 250). The peripheral circuit and the circuit of special function are both electrically connected to the probes. In the test apparatus with physical separation feature, the peripheral circuit and the circuit of special function are separated in physical spaces, so that interference between the components is prevented and the testing cost is reduced.

Abstract: A receptacle connector has an insulator, multiple contacts, a shell, an insulating bracket, and a detection contact. The shell covers the insulator and the contacts and has a cavity to receive the insulator and the contacts. A detection arm is formed on one of two sidewalls of the shell, which is resilient and able to be deformed by external force and recovered after removal of the external force. The insulating bracket is mounted outside of one of the sidewalls of the shell and has mounting slot defined in the insulating bracket. The detection contact is mounted in the mounting slot of the insulating bracket and is capable of contacting the detection arm. When a plug connector is inserted into the receptacle connector, the detection arm is bent to contact the detection contact for detecting the existence of the plug connector and activating signal transmission or power supply.

Abstract: An electrical connector includes an insulative housing having a pair of docking ports for receiving plug connectors, an insulative housing having the docking ports, a pair of contact modules mounted in the housing, and a shielding wafer. Each of the contact modules includes an insulative carrier, an inner printed circuit board mounted on the insulative carrier, a number of mating contacts extending from the inner printed circuit board into one of the docking ports and a number of mounting contacts connecting the inner printed circuit board with an exterior substrate, each of the insulative carriers defining a gap at a side proximal to an insulative carrier. The shielding wafer downwardly extending beyond the inner printed circuit board and fully shielding the contact modules, the shielding wafer is soldered at the gaps to the inner printed boards.

Abstract: Electrical resistance between a male part and a female part through a canted spring is disclosed using mathematical modeling. Increase or decrease in resistance can be quickly analyzed by looking at the equivalence resistance and the number of contacts at the input side, the output side, or both. The number of contacts may also be created by forming a dimple having a discontinuity.

Abstract: A connector system including a sensing mechanism that can be used to control signal distribution through the connector system is disclosed. The connector system may include a first connector and a second connector configured to be operatively engaged in both a mated condition and an interlocked condition. The connectors of the connector system include conductive contacts that complete a conductive connection when the connectors are in the mated condition. The connector system includes a fastening mechanism that provides an interlocked condition following mating of the connectors, and may further include a sensor and a sensor trigger that may be used to sense the connection status of the system. The sensor may connected to a controller, with the controller controlling signal distribution through the connector system dependent on the connection status determined by the sensing mechanism. A method for controlling signal distribution through a connector system is also provided.

Abstract: An electrical terminal may include a terminal boot, a spring-force element disposed in the terminal boot, and an operating push-piece movably disposed in the terminal boot to operate the spring-force element. The operating push-piece may include, on a front surface, a labeling surface for marking the operating push-piece.

Abstract: In distribution networks for safety sensors and devices, aspects of the invention provide routing individualized status signals in parallel to potential safety sensor locations in addition to serially routing safety signals to provide substantially increased protection. A shorting plug that electrically shorts together an individualized status signal to a voltage reference level at a safety sensor location, in addition to electrically shorting together the safety signals for electrical continuity, provides individualized status information for each potential safety sensor location in addition to the serial safety information provided by the safety signals. Another aspect of the invention provides a remote monitoring device coupled to one or more adapter ports, with each adapter port coupled to one or more safety sensors, wherein adapter ports are coupled via cabling with cable endings of the same type, thereby preventing circumvention of a safety sensor simply by coupling together adjacent cables.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a built-in microphone of a portable terminal is provided. The method includes detecting a call connection event when a call connection request is received or transmitted; checking information on a currently connected connection device upon detecting the call connection event; and when the information shows that the connected connection device is an earphone, activating a speaker included in the earphone and activating the built-in microphone.

Abstract: An electric plug (200) adapted to be plugged into a socket outlet (100) delivering an electrical signal having at least one characteristic adapted to vary in a determined range of values and including identification elements arranged to communicate or to co-operate with the electric plug to generate a pilot signal representative of the electrical signal delivered by the socket outlet, includes: reader elements (230) adapted to receive the pilot signal issued by the identification elements, and to supply the pilot signal to the electric plug; and verification elements (280) adapted to detect a spurious signal not issued by the identification elements (130), and to block forwarding of the pilot signal when such a spurious signal is detected, or to forward an alert signal to the electric plug when such a signal is detected. An electrical assembly including such an electric plug and a socket outlet are also described.

Abstract: A system for setting up a wireless connection between two temporarily connected devices includes a device interconnector having a first end provided with a first wireless communication identifier and a second end provided with a second wireless communication identifier, a first device having a first interconnector mating unit, a first wireless communication unit and a first reading unit and a second device having a second interconnector mating unit, a second wireless communication unit and a second reading unit. The wireless communication units of each device is configured to receive an identifier being read by the corresponding reading unit as the device interconnector is attached to the corresponding mating unit and the wireless communication unit is configured to employ this identifier in setting up, together with the other wireless communication unit, a wireless connection between the two devices.

Abstract: A receptacle connector comprises an insulative housing, a plurality of conductive terminals arranged in the insulative housing, a metal shell and a slide mechanism. The metal shell is engaged with the insulative housing to form a first mating space and an entrance for entering into the first mating space. The slide mechanism is provided in the metal shell and comprises a slide block and a reset resilient element connected to the slide block. The slide block can move between a front position close to the entrance and a rear position away from the entrance. When the slide block is positioned at the front position, an inner side face of the slide block and the metal shell together form a second mating space, and the slide block is capable of being pushed to move to the rear position to move out of the first mating space.

Abstract: A patch panel adapter assembly is provided for use with infrastructure management systems that utilize a plurality of cables interconnected to end-user devices and work area outlets, and integrated circuits to monitor the status of these end-user devices and outlets includes a pair of circuit boards. Individual “smart” patch panels, ones with increased functionality are provided and have a series of stub cables connected to them. These may be mounted, either in a group, or individually using standoffs, in opposition to ordinary patch panels. The stub cables are inserted into the ordinary patch panel jacks to provide a smart panel that may be used to control the network. Use of the adapter assemblies reduces the time and labor required to retrofit or upgrade an existing network.