Abstract: The present invention describes a novel method for preparing 4-cyanopiperidine hydrochloride.

Abstract: The present invention is theobromine as an active agent to be delivered via the inhaled route, for the treatment of cough.

Abstract: Memantine compositions and methods of use are described herein. In some embodiments, the compositions comprise memantine and an absorption enhancer, or memantine and an elimination enhancer, or memantine and an absorption enhancer and an elimination enhancer.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted phenoxyacetic acids as useful pharmaceutical compounds for treating respiratory disorders, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Z is OR1 or NR1R2 wherein each of R1 and R2 is independently H, or a hydrocarbyl group; X is an alkylene, alkenylene, or alkynylene group, each of which may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from alkyl, COOH, CO2-alkyl, alkenyl, CN, NH2, hydroxy, halo, alkoxy, CF3 and nitro; Y is a polar functional group selected from OH, NO2, CN, COR3, COOR3, NR3R4, CONR3R4, SO3H, SO2—R3, SO2NR3R4 and CF3, where each of R3 and R4 is independently H or a hydrocarbyl group; A is an aryl or heteroaryl group, each of which may be optionally substituted; and B is (CH2)n where n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; with the proviso that: (i) when A is phenyl, n is 0, and Z is OH, X—Y is other than meta-C?—C—(CH2)2CO2H, meta-C?—C—(CH2)2OH, meta-C?C—(CH2)2CO2Me, meta-(CH2)4CO2H, ortho-CH2CO2H, ortho-(CH2)2CO2H and ortho-(CH2)4CO2H; and (ii) when A is phenyl, n is 0, and Z is OMe, X—Y is other than meta-C?

Abstract: Tannate compositions containing active pharmaceutical ingredients to be used for treating nausea, vomiting, pain, convulsions, and insomnia and manufacturing processes for preparing the tannate compositions.

Abstract: Tannate compositions containing active pharmaceutical ingredients to be used for treating nausea, vomiting, pain, convulsions, and insomnia and manufacturing processes for preparing the tannate compositions.

Abstract: A viscous gel for delivering minor effective amounts of active substances through the nasal membrane into the body.

Abstract: A process for producing microspheres was developed that provides microspheres that are swellable and degradable. The process is reliable and high yielding, and makes use of a low temperature azo initiator, a small molecule chlorinated solvent as the organic phase, and a heat treatment step, and is carried out in absence of a crosslinking agent. The microsphere preparation made using the process is particularly useful as a degradable embolic material.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of colds and influenza. The pharmaceutical composition is a mixture of: acetaminophen, diphenhydramine, dextromethorphan, arabinogalactan, vitamin C, zinc, olive leaf extract, resveratrol and elderberry extract.

Abstract: We disclose a colorless composition comprising silver particles and water, wherein said particles comprise an interior of elemental silver and an exterior of ionic silver oxide, wherein the silver particles are present in the water at a level of about 5–40 ppm, and wherein the composition manifests significant antimicrobial properties. Methods of use of the composition are described.

Abstract: An active ingredient from the group of an antihistamine, a decongestant, an antitussive or anticholinergic is dissolved in a suitable solvent and added to a dispersion of tannic acid in water to form the tannate salt complex of the active ingredient. The active ingredient tannate salt complex without isolation or purification is then added to a liquid or semi-solid medium composed of thickening, suspending, coloring, sweetening and flavoring agents, with stirring. Thereafter, preservatives, pH-adjusting and anti-caking agents in a suitable solvent are mixed with the liquid or semi-solid medium to generate a therapeutic dosage form.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of one or more antimicrobial metals preferably selected from silver, gold, platinum, and palladium but most preferably silver, formed with atomic disorder, and preferably in a nanocrystalline form, for reducing inflammation or infection of the mucosal membrane. The antimicrobial metal may be formulated as, or used in the form of, a nanocrystalline coating of one or more antimicrobial or noble metals, a nanocrystalline powder of one or more antimicrobial or noble metals, or a liquid or solution containing dissolved species from a nanocrystalline powder or coating of one or more antimicrobial or noble metals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method which provides for a faster absorption of pharmaceutically acceptable amines. The method provides a pharmaceutically acceptable amine in combination with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in a liquid form. A preferred embodiment employs pseudoephedrine and ibuprofen.

Abstract: Dry powders of metal-containing compounds are disclosed. Methods of preparing and using the dry powders, particularly in the treatment of a subject having a condition, are also disclosed. The metal-containing material can be, for example, an antimicrobial material, an antibacterial material, an anti-inflammatory material, an anti-fungal material, an anti-viral material, an anti-cancer material, a pro-apoptosis material, and/or an MMP modulating material. In certain embodiments, the metal-containing material is an atomically disordered, silver-containing material.

Abstract: An antihistaminic syrup is stabilized against degradation of the active ingredient, by the addition of and about 0.05 to about 5 mg/mL of an aminopolycarboxylic acid such as a salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

Abstract: A double-headed, closed-mouth cough suppressant and cold relief device in which an individual having the symptoms of a cough is able to suppress the cough by inserting the device into an open mouth, and by sucking on one end of the device, is able to release a menthol medicament disposed within the device to thereby suppress a cough. Additionally, by sucking on another end of the device a eucalyptus medicament is released to thereby relieve a sore throat. By suppressing the cough, the device prevents the spread of germs to the immediate environment.

Abstract: A skin treatment mixture for treating pierced skin such as that resulting from a body piercing procedure includes sea salt, lysozyme and reconstituted ocean water. The reconstituted ocean water preferably is the product of reverse osmosis of water. The skin treatment mixture preferably additionally includes sodium benzoate to act as a preservative. A method of producing a skin treatment mixture includes the steps of providing a quantity of purified water; adding a quantity of sea salt to the quantity of purified water; boiling the purified water and sea salt; cooling the purified water and sea salt; adding a quantity of lysozyme to the purified water and sea salt; sterilizing the mixture and testing it for bacteria. A method of treating a pierced skin area includes the step of applying to the pierced area a reconstituted ocean water mixture of sea salt and lysozyme.

Abstract: A nasal passage cleaning composition according to the invention comprises water and salt as a base, and contains a mucolytic agent such as alum and/or zinc sulphate to shrink the mucosa and allow sinus passage drainage, decreasing pressure in the infected sinus an alleviates sinus headache and face ache. A preferred mucolytic agent is n-acetyl-L-cystine, which is used to dissolve or soften mucus in the nasal passages, though methyl salicylate may also be used to disintegrate crusted mucus, acting also as a topical anti-inflammatory agent and as a pain relieving agent to reduce pain and discomfort.

Abstract: An active ingredient from the group of an antihistamine, a decongestant, an antitussive or anticholinergic is dissolved in a suitable solvent and added to a dispersion of tannic acid in water to form the tannate salt complex of the active ingredient. The active ingredient tannate salt complex without isolation or purification is then added to a liquid or semi-solid medium composed of thickening, suspending, coloring, sweetening and flavoring agents, with stirring. Thereafter, preservatives, pH-adjusting and anti-caking agents in a suitable solvent are mixed with the liquid or semi-solid medium to generate a therapeutic dosage form.

Abstract: Dry powders of metal-containing compounds are disclosed. Methods of preparing and using the dry powders, particularly in the treatment of a subject having a condition, are also disclosed. The metal-containing material can be, for example, an antimicrobial material, an antibacterial material, an anti-inflammatory material, an anti-fungal material, an anti-viral material, an anti-cancer material, a pro-apoptosis material, and/or an MMP modulating material. In certain embodiments, the metal-containing material is an atomically disordered, silver-containing material.

Abstract: Methods and pharmaceutical compositions employing (+) cetirizine, (−) cetirizine, or racemic cetirizine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a leukotriene inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or decongestant for the treatment, management, and/or prevention of inflammation, asthma or symptoms thereof, allergic disorders such as allergic rhinitis, and dermatitis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for application to the mucosa to be used in drug therapy comprising a water-insoluble and/or water-low soluble substance, ciclesonide, and an aqueous medium, and having an osmotic pressure of less than 290 mOsm. This composition is superior over conventional pharmaceutical compositions for application to the mucosa, due to efficient and high ciclesonide retentivity and permeability to the submucosa or the blood at the mucosa.

Abstract: A method of promoting drainage of mucous secretions in the congested airways of a bedridden/immobilized patient or an intubated/mechanically-ventilated patient is disclosed. The method comprises administering to the airways of the patient a uridine phosphate such as uridine 5′-triphsophate(UTP) or P1,P4-di(uridine-5′) tetraphosphate, an analog of UTP, or any other analog, in an amount effective to promote drainage of fluid in the congested airways, including sinuses, to create the ciliary beat frequency of cilia on the surface lumina epithelia cells, to increase the secretions of mucous by goblet cells and to promote the clearance of retained secretions by hydrating mucous secretions, by stimulating ciliary beat frequency in the airways and by stimulating surfactant production. Pharmaceutical formulations and methods of making the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to a method which utilizes iodine as a broad spectrum microbicide wherein the active agent may be applied in nasal passages in the manner of a decongestant type nose spray. The spray is intended particularly for human use. It is to be applied in the event of known or suspected exposure of the individual to common cold virus, flu, or other infective microbial agents including for example, bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, and even mold and fungus. The active agent is based on an iodine solution and may also contain one or more of the following: sodium hypochlorite solution, or a solution of chlorine or hypochlorites plus a salt of chloride, bromide or iodide. Alternatively, the solution may further contain iodine and a bromine solution, or a solution of iodine, bromine plus a salt of chloride, bromide or iodide such as sodium chloride, zinc chloride, sodium bromide, zinc bromide, sodium iodide or zinc iodide.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a novel composition comprising guaifenesin tannate and to a method for preparing guaifenesin tannate by reacting guaifenesin with tannic acid at a temperature above the melting point of guaifenesin. The guaifenesin tannate has extended release properties and is useful in pharmaceutical compositions as an expectorant in warm-blooded animals or as a muscle relaxant in non-human animals.

Abstract: An antiviral agent of an antiviral ability against various viruses and a method of producing the same are provided. A heat treatment is applied to a calcium-containing substance represented by calcium carbonate-containing substances originating from the animal such as clamshell, eggshell, crustacean shell, bone, coral, and pearl, and calcium carbonate-containing minerals such as limestone. When a temperature of the heat treatment is not less than 650° C. and less than a melting point of the calcium component-containing substance, a sufficient time of the heat treatment is 2 to 13 hours.

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13 in a human patient in need of such inhibiting are disclosed.

Abstract: Tannate compositions consisting essentially of carbetapentane tannate and chlorpheniramine tannate which are effective when administered orally for the symptomatic relief of coryza associated with the common cold, sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, unproductive cough and upper respiratory tract conditions are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of dispersing, in water vapor, an anti-infective therapeutic composition (10) into the air in a room (36), in order to treat or prevent transmission of upper respiratory infections, includes: adding to a reservoir of liquid water in a vaporizer (34), a therapeutic composition (10) containing one or more antibiotics (14), alcohol (16), an analgesic (18) and an expectorant (20); and vaporizing the therapeutic composition (10) into the air along with the water in the vaporizer reservoir for inhalation by persons in the room.

Abstract: Compositions consisting essentially of phenylephrine tannate and guaifenesin which are effective when administered orally for the symptomatic relief of cough associated with respiratory tract conditions such as the common cold, bronchial asthma, acute and chronic bronchitis are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of iso-osmotic saline solutions in particular obtained from sea water, to obtain a medicine designed for a treatment preventing and limiting the release of chemical mediators responsible for causing inflammatory phenomena in the human respiratory tracts.

Abstract: Methods and pharmaceutical compositions employing (+) cetirizine, (−) cetirizine, or racemic cetirizine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a leukotriene inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or decongestant for the treatment, management, and/or prevention of inflammation, asthma or symptoms thereof, allergic disorders such as allergic rhinitis, and dermatitis.

Abstract: A viscous gel for delivering minor effective homeopathic amount of zinc or another metal to the nasal membrane.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are disclosed utilizing metabolic derivatives of astemizole for the treatment of allergic disorders while avoiding the concomitant liability of adverse effects associated with the astemizole. The metabolic derivatives of astemizole are also useful for the treatment of retinopathy and other small vessel disorders associated with diabetes mellitus and such other conditions as may be related to the antihistamine activity of astemizole. For example, the metabolic derivatives of astemizole are useful for the treatment of asthma, motion sickness, and vertigo, without the concomitant liability of adverse effects associated with astemizole.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method which provides for a faster absorption of pharmaceutically acceptable amines. The method provides a pharmaceutically acceptable amine in combination with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in a liquid form. A preferred embodiment employs pseudoephedrine and ibuprofen.

Abstract: A therapeutic nasal inhalant for using bioflavanoids as a topical antioxidant. The therapeutic nasal inhalant includes a method for making a therapeutic nasal inhalant composition for treating nasal mucosa. The method comprises the steps of mixing together two cups of water, one teaspoon of baking soda, one teaspoon of sodium chloride, and four milligrams of vitamin C to form a mixture. Mixing a bioflavanoid with the mixture. Allowing the mixture to stand. Filtering the mixture. Allowing the mixture to stand for a second time. Filtering the mixture.

Abstract: A synergistic flavoring combination of at least two flavoring oils and lauryl alcohol for use in an orally administered formulation which contains an ionizable zinc compound having an undesirable taste, the flavoring combination is unexpectedly effective in masking the unpleasant taste or aftertaste of zinc.

Abstract: Invention is a method of treating cough in a mammal, including a human, which comprises administering to such mammal an effective amount of an inhibitor of GABA uptake.

Abstract: The invention involves the formation of a prodrug from a fatty acid carrier and a neuroactive drug. The prodrug is stable in the environment of both the stomach and the bloodstream and may be delivered by ingestion. The prodrug passes readily through the blood brain barrier. Once in the central nervous system, the prodrug is hydrolyzed into the fatty acid carrier and the drug to release the drug.In a preferred embodiment, the carrier is 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 docosahexa-enoic acid and the drug is dopamine. Both are normal components of the central nervous system. The covalent bond between the drug and the carrier preferably is an amide bond, which bond may survive the conditions in the stomach. Thus, the prodrug may be ingested and will not be hydrolyzed completely into the carrier molecule and drug molecule in the stomach.

Abstract: A viscous gel for delivering minor effective homeopathic amount of zinc or another metal to the nasal membrane.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical suppository composites for fever and influenza and method of producing them, therefore, are disclosed herein. More particularly, the composites combine all the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine, and physical temperature reduction to relieve symptoms of influenza. Poisonous side effects can be avoided by using the disclosed suppositories. The pharmaceutical suppository composites comprise 2,750 g to 3,250 g radix bupleuri scorzonerifolium wild, 1,750 g to 2,250 g flos lonicerae japonicae, 1,950 g to 2,450 g fructus forsythiae, 1,650 g to 2,150 g fructus arctii, 2,550 g to 3,050 g herba schizonepetae, 50 g to 550 g calculus bovis and 870 g to 1,370 g of excipients.

Abstract: An oral once-per-day single dosage unit for treating the symptoms of rhinitis expertly formulated with a nasal decongestant and antihistamine. Preferably, the antihistamine is non-sedating.

Abstract: Relief from the symptoms of rhinitis is obtained by treatment with: (a) an antihistaminic effective amount of a histamine H.sub.1 receptor antagonist; together with (b) a sufficient amount of a histamine H.sub.3 receptor antagonist to provide a nasal decongestant effect. The components may be administered together in a single dosage form, or separately in the same or different dosage forms to maintain therapeutic systemic levels of both components.

Abstract: This invention provides a taste masking composition composed of clove oil and either supportive flavor components or calcium carbonate. This taste masking composition has been found to be particularly useful to mask unpalatable medicinals in formulations which are intended to be chewed, dissolve in the mouth prior to ingestion or ingested in solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to topical aromatic releasing compositions containing one or more volatile aromatic compounds selected from the group consisting of 3-1-menthoxy propane-1,2-diol, N-substituted-p-menthane-3-carboxamides and acyclic carboxamides and mixtures thereof. In further embodiments, these compositions are also useful for providing relief from nasal symptoms.

Abstract: A substantially tasteless liquid phramaceutical delivery system containing an active material and a high osmolarity aqueous system comprising (i) water; (ii) about 20% to about 45% by weight sugar derivative; (iii) about 10% to about 15% by weight hydrogenated maltose syrup; and (iv) about 0% to about 35% by weight polyhydroxy alcohol.

Abstract: To stabilize the active ingredients, a caffeine is incorporated into a solid pharmaceutical preparation comprising a dextromethorphan and a phenylpropanolamine. The pharmaceutical preparation may further comprise ibuprofen. The active ingredients may be further stabilized, in combination with the incorporation of the caffeine, by grouping and incorporating separately each or suitably combined plural of the active ingredients into different groups or by minimizing the amount of any reducing sugar such as lactose. The solid pharmaceutical preparation is practically valuable since decomposition of each active ingredient with the lapse of time is remarkably suppressed and the active ingredients are stabilized for a longer period of time.

Abstract: Coolant compositions, flavorant compositions and ingestible and topical compositions containing at least one coolant compound selected from monomenthyl succinate, alkali metal salts of monomenthyl succinate, alkaline earth metal salts of monomenthyl succinate and mixtures thereof. These compositions are found to provide a pleasant, long-lasting cooling effect without bitterness and the cooling effect manifests itself differently than the cooling effect of other known coolants. As a result, a complementary or synergistic effect can by obtained by combination with other coolants. Further, the succinate-based coolant compounds of the invention are found to enhance the sensation of alcohol in alcoholic beverages.

Abstract: The present invention relates to topical aromatic releasing compositions containing one or more volatile aromatic compounds selected from the group consisting of 3-1-menthoxy propane-1,2-diol, N-substituted-p-menthane-3-carboxamides and acyclic carboxamides and mixtures thereof. In further embodiments, these compositions are also useful for providing relief from nasal symptoms.