Abstract: A packaging material 1 includes a heat resistant resin stretched film layer 2 as an outer layer, a thermoplastic resin layer 3 as an inner layer, a metal foil layer 4 arranged between these layers, and a colored ink layer 10 arranged between the metal foil layer 4 and the heat resistant resin stretched film layer 2. As the heat resistant resin stretched film, a heat resistant resin stretched film having a hot water shrinkage rate of 2% to 20% is used, and the heat resistant resin stretched film layer 2 and the colored ink layer 4 are integrally laminated via an easily adhesive layer 30. In this packaging material, at the time of forming and sealing, and even being used in a somewhat severe environment such as high-temperature and humid environment, the colored ink layer will not be detached from the heat resistant resin stretched film layer.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods of inducing cell recruitment and tissue regeneration at a target site in a subject. It is also based, in part, on the discovery that a subject's own biologic resources and environmental conditions can be used for in situ tissue regeneration and thereby reduce or eliminate the need for donor cell procurement and ex vivo manipulation of such donor cells. Methods are disclosed for recruitment of a subject's own stem cells to a target region by inducing a sustained positive pressure at a target site, such as the kidney, thereby increasing the number of pluripotent cells capable of differentiating to regenerate the target tissue.

Abstract: A dye for a fluid of an electrowetting element, the dye having a general formula selected from the group consisting of: wherein Q has the general formula: -Het1R1 or -Het1R1R2; V has the general formula: -Het2R3 or -Het2R3R4; Het1 and Het2 are heteroatoms; R1 and R3 are H; R2 and R4 are any functional group; T and U are any functional group; W, X, Y and Z are H or an alkyl group; and F, G, L and M are H or an alkyl group, and with the proviso that the dye does not have the general formula: The present invention further relates to a fluid comprising a dye of the present invention, an electrowetting element and an optical display device comprising the fluid, and a use of the dye to reduce photo-bleaching.

Abstract: Providing a system which can exhibit a desired effect of improving hydrophilicity of a contact lens without causing adverse influences on sense of use of the contact lens and a cleaning effect, and which can effectively prevent adhesion of lipid stain. Also providing a packaging solution for the contact lens which can effectively suppress or prevent reduction of its viscosity with time even when the packaging solution is sterilized by heating. The contact lens is immersed in an aqueous solution which contains a low-molecular weight hyaluronic acid having a molecular weight of not higher than 80,000, or a salt or derivative thereof, and which has a pH of 6.0-8.0 and an osmotic pressure of 220-380 mOsm.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a fluorosurtactant and a fluoro-free hydrotrope are disclosed. The fluoro-free hydrotropes are cationic aromatic compounds, anionic aromatic compounds, or water soluble azo derivatives.

Abstract: A carbon filler dispersant for dispersing a carbon filler in a liquid medium comprised of an aqueous solvent or nonaqueous solvent contains, as a principal component, a hydroxylalkyl chitosan, specifically at least one hydroxyalkyl chitosan selected from the group consisting of glycerylated chitosan, hydroxyethyl chitosan, hydroxypropyl chitosan, hydroxybutyl chitosan, and hydroxybutyl hydroxypropyl chitosan.

Abstract: An aqueous delivery system is described including at least one surfactant and at least one water insoluble wetting agent. Further described are low surface energy substrates, such as microporous polytetrafluoroethylene, coated with such an aqueous solution so as to impart a change in at least one surface characteristic compared to the surface characteristics of the uncoated low surface energy substrate.

Abstract: An aqueous delivery system is described including at least one surfactant and at least one water insoluble wetting agent. Further described are low surface energy substrates, such as microporous polytetrafluoroethylene, coated with such an aqueous solution so as to impart a change in at least one surface characteristic compared to the surface characteristics of the uncoated low surface energy substrate.

Abstract: An electrowetting element comprising a first fluid and a second fluid which are immiscible with each other and are switchable between a first configuration and a second configuration by changing a voltage applied to at least one of the first and second fluids, wherein less than or equal to 35 wt % of the second fluid is water and a balancing wt % of the second fluid comprises at least one non-aqueous component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a zwitterionic surfactant in combination with an ether sulphate or ether carboxylate surfactant in a water-based system as a drag-reducing agent. The combination has besides a high drag-reducing effect also a low sensitivity to hard water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to salts having thiouronium or uronium cations, to processes for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof as ionic liquids.

Abstract: Compositions comprising compounds having an aldohexose moiety, a highly fluorinated moiety, and a nitrogen-containing functional group linking the moieties together are disclosed. The aldohexose-based fluoroadditives are effective in reducing the surface tension of water and are useful in various surfactant applications. Also disclosed are processes for making aldohexose-based fluoroadditives.

Abstract: Pre-texturing composition for texturing silicon wafers having one or more surfactants. Methods of texturing silicon wafers having the step of wetting said wafer with a pre-texturing composition having one or more surfactants followed by a texturing step.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing siloxanes selectively carrying primary amino groups by reacting them with ammonia, and to compounds produced in this way.

Abstract: Reversible switchable surfactants are provided. A surfactant is the salt of an amidine or guanidine: having at least one R group that is a hydrophobic moiety selected from the group consisting of higher aliphatic moiety, higher siloxyl moiety, higher aliphatic/siloxyl moiety, aliphatic/aryl moiety, siloxyl/aryl moiety, and aliphatic/siloxyl/aryl moiety. The other R groups are smaller moieties such as H, C1 to C4 aliphatic or the like. The surfactant is turned on by a gas that liberates hydrogen ions, such as, for example, carbon dioxide, which liberates hydrogen ions in the presence of water. The surfactant is turned off by exposure to a flushing gas and/or heating. When “on” the surfactants are useful to stabilize emulsions, and when “off” they are useful to separate immiscible liquids or a liquid and a solid. The surfactants find uses in polymerization and in the oil industry.

Abstract: Novel mixtures of long-chain (C10-C20) olefins are functionalized by conversion to aldehydes using an OXO process, or to sulfates, sulfonates, sulfones, sulfides, or sulfoxides by direct sulfonation. The aldehydes may then be hydrogenated to form alcohols, or aminated to form amines or amides. The olefins starting mixture may be acquired as a byproduct of the tetramerization of ethylene in the presence of certain chromium-containing tetramerization catalysts. The functionalized mixtures, and derivatives prepared therefrom such as alkoxylates prepared from the alcohols, may be useful as surfactants that may offer improved performance in many applications, while their preparation based on a byproduct mixture reduces their cost and also reduces waste-handling issues for this non-targeted stream.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dispersant of Formula (1): E-O—(Y)x-T-NR?-A-Z—W0-v, and salts thereof, wherein E is R or R—NR?-T-; R is H or C1-50-optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; R? is a residue of an optionally substituted alkyl (meth)acrylate or (meth)acrylamide, or a residue of an epoxide, or a C1-8-optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group; Y is C2-4-alkyleneoxy; T is C2-4 alkylene; A is the residue of a dibasic acid or anhydride thereof; Z is the residue of a polyamine and/or polyimine; W is the residue of an oxide, urea or dibasic acid or anhydride thereof; x is from 2 to 90; and v represents an integer variable. The invention further provides a composition comprising a particulate solid, an organic medium and/or water and the dispersant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for dewatering a mineral slurry concentrate and increasing the production of the resulting filter cake consisting essentially of mixing an aqueous mineral slurry concentrate with an effective amount of a nonionic surfactant and an effective amount of a cationic polymer to form a nonionic surfactant and cationic polymer treated aqueous mineral slurry concentrate, and subjecting the treated aqueous mineral slurry concentrate to a liquid water removal process for dewatering the treated aqueous mineral slurry and for increasing the production of a resulting filter cake of the dewatered mineral slurry. An improved mineral slurry concentrate composition and an improved mineral concentrate filter cake is also disclosed.

Abstract: An acid-in-oil emulsion having a corrosion inhibitor as the external phase has been found to prevent downhole corrosion when acidizing carbonate formations to enhance hydrocarbon recovery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a zwitterionic surfactant in combination with an ether sulphate or ether carboxylate surfactant in a water-based system as a drag-reducing agent. The combination has besides a high drag-reducing effect also a low sensitivity to hard water.

Abstract: A fluorinated polyoxyalkylene glycol diamide surfactant of formula 1 B—X—COCH2O—[—CpH2pO—]n—CH2CO—X—Ra??(1) wherein B is M or Ra, M is an ionizable hydrogen, ammonium, alkali metal, or alkaline earth metal, p is from about 2 to about 4, n is from about 5 about 43, each X is independently NR, SCH2CH2NR, SO2NRCH2CH2NR, or SO2CH2CH2NR; R is hydrogen, or a linear or branched alkyl group CbH(2b+1) wherein b is 1 to about 18, Ra is Rf(CH2CF2)d—(CgH2g)—; Rf(OCF2CF2)r—(CgH2g)—; RfOY—; Rf(CH2)h[(CF2CF2)i(CH2CH2)j]k—; Rf(CgH2g)—; or H(CcF2c)—(CgH2g)—; Y is CFHCF2O(CwH2w)—; or CF(CF3)CONH—(CgH2g)—; and each Rf is independently CcF(2c+1) wherein c is 1 to about 6.

Abstract: A fluorinated polyoxyalkylene glycol diester surfactant of formula 1 B—X—COCH2O—[—CpH2pO—]n—CH2CO—X—Ra??(1) wherein B is M or Ra, M is an ionizable hydrogen, ammonium, alkali metal, or alkaline earth metal, p is from about 2 to about 4, n is from about 5 to about 43, X is O, S, or SCH2CH2O, Ra is Rf(CH2CF2)d—(CgH2g)—; Rf[OCF2CF2]r(CgH2g)—; Rf(CH2)h[(CF2CF2)i(CH2CH2)j]k-; or RfOY—; Y is CFHCF2O(CH2CH2O)v-(CgH2g)—; CFHCF2O(CwH2w)—; or CF(CF3)CONH—(CgH2g)—; each Rf is independently CcF(2c+1) wherein c is 1 to about 6; d is 1 to about 3; g is 1 to about 4; or 1; r is 1 to about 4; h is 1 to about 6; i, j, and k are each independently 1, 2, or 3, or a mixture thereof; provided that the total number of carbon atoms in Rf(CH2)h[(CF2CF2)i(CH2CH2)j]k— is from about 8 to about 22; v is 1 to about 4; and w is from about 2 to about 12.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a zwitterionic surfactant in combination with an ether sulphate or ether carboxylate surfactant in a water-based system as a drag-reducing agent. The combination has besides a high drag-reducing effect also a low sensitivity to hard water.

Abstract: The invention relates to addition compounds and their salts that comprise polypropylene oxide structures, characterized in that the addition compounds are obtainable by reacting (a) one or more polyisocyanates having at least two isocyanate groups per molecule with (b1) one or more compounds of the formula Y—XH, (b2) optionally one or more compounds of the formula G-(XH)n, (c1) one or more compounds of the general formula Z-Q and (c2) optionally one or more compounds of the general formula M-Q. The invention further relates to the preparation of the addition compounds and to their use as dispersants, wetting agents and dispersion stabilizers, and also to solids coated with the addition compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition containing a particulate solid, an organic medium and/or water and a compound of Formula (1) and salts thereof; wherein R is C1-50-optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; Y is C2-4-alkyleneoxy; T is C2-4 alkylene; A is the residue of a dibasic acid or anhydride thereof; Z is the residue of a polyamine and/or polyimine; W is the residue of an oxide, urea or dibasic acid or anhydride thereof; x is from 2 to 60; and v represents the maximum available number of amino and/or imino groups in Z which does not carry the group RO—(Y)x-T-NH-A-. The invention further discloses the composition as a dispersant for an organic media.

Abstract: A process for making ionic liquids containing ion actives, which provide fabric treating benefits, surface treating benefits and/or air treating benefits. The ionic liquid is made from an ion active feedstock and an ionic liquid forming counterion feedstock, which preferably comprises another ion active.

Abstract: Single phase microemulsions improve the removal of filter cakes formed during drilling with oil-based muds (OBMs). The single phase microemulsion removes oil and solids from the deposited filter cake. Optionally, an acid capable of solubilizing the filter cake bridging particles may also be used with the microemulsion. In one non-limiting embodiment the acid may be a polyamino carboxylic acid. Skin damage removal from internal and external filter cake deposition can be reduced. In another optional embodiment, the single phase microemulsion may contain a filtration control additive for delaying the filter cake removal, destruction or conversion.

Abstract: Provided herein are organophilic clays that comprise a smectite clay modified by reaction with a protonated amphoteric surfactant. Also provided are fluids that comprise an oil and an organophilic clay comprising a smectite clay modified by reaction with a protonated amphoteric surfactant. Also provided are methods of preparing and using these organophilic clays.

Abstract: Single phase microemulsions improve the removal of filter cakes formed during drilling with invert emulsions. The single phase microemulsion removes oil and solids from the deposited filter cake. Optionally, an acid capable of solubilizing the filter cake bridging particles may also be used with the microemulsion. In one non-limiting embodiment the acid may be a polyamino carboxylic acid. Skin damage removal from internal and external filter cake deposition can be reduced.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a compound comprising Formula 1A, 1B, or 1C (Ra—O—CO—)2X??Formula 1A Ra—O—CO—X—CO—O—(CH2CH2)Rf??Formula 1B Ra—O—CO—X—CO—O—R??Formula 1C wherein Ra is the group Rf(CH2CF2)d—(CgH2g)—; RfOCF2CF2—(CgH2g)—; RfOCFHCF2O(CH2CH2O)v—(CgH2g)—; RfOCFHCF2O(CwH2w); RfOCF(CF3)CONH—(CgH2g); or Rf(CH2)h[(CF2CF2)i(CH2CH2)j]k; Rf is CcF(2c+1); d is 1 to about 3; g is 1 to 4; v is 1 to about 4; w is from about 3 to about 12; h is 1 to about 6; i, j, and k are each independently 1, 2, or 3, or a mixture thereof; provided that the total number of carbon atoms in group (vi) is from about 8 to about 22; X is a linear or branched difunctional alkyl sulfonate group —CeH(2e?1)(SO3M)-, wherein e is 2 or 3; M is a monovalent cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, ammonium, alkali metal, or alkaline earth metal; R is H or a linear or branched alkyl group CbH(2b+1)—; and b is from 1 to about 18.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I): wherein k is 1 or 2; Y is —CH2CH(CF3)2 or —(CH2)nCF; X is hydrogen, —(CH2)nRf, or —C(O)[CF(A)]p-B—Rf, wherein B is a covalent bond, —O— or —(CH2)m—; A is —F or —CF3; and each Rf is independently C1 to C6 perfluorinated alkyl, optionally interrupted by one or more oxygens; Ro is Ro1 or is an alkyl having from about 10 to about 100 carbon atoms, interrupted or substituted by one or more hydrophilic groups; R is hydrogen or a C1 to C4 alkyl; and Ro1 is an aliphatic group of from about 10 to about 100 carbon atoms, interrupted by about from about 5 to about 50 ether oxygens; provided that 1) when Y is —(CH2)nRf, Ro is Ro1; 2) when X is hydrogen, Y is —CH2CH(CF3)2; and 3) when X is —(CH2)nRf and Y is —(CH2)nRf, Ro is Ro1.

Abstract: The present invention provides an enhanced gelling agent composition comprising a mixture of an anionic surfactant and a coupling agent. The invention also describes compositions in gel form comprising: (a) a solvent selected from the group consisting of polar solvents, non-polar solvents and combinations thereof; and (b) a gelling agent in an amount sufficient to impart gelation to the composition, the gelling agent being a mixture comprising an anionic surfactant and a coupling agent. The gels of the invention may be substantially anhydrous or may optionally contain water as part of the formulation.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of a copolymer which is used as a dispersing agent for titanate-based ceramic colloids. This copolymer has the following structure: Wherein R1 is H, NH4, alkali metals; R2 is H, NH4, alkali metals; R3 is H, NH4, alkali metals; a is an integer from 1 to 2000; b is an integer from 1 to 5000; and c is an integer from 1 to 1000; n is an integer from 1 to 500.

Abstract: Described are monomeric fluorochemical surfactants having two perfluoroalkyl sulfonamido segments and two hydrophilic group, which are more efficient and effective in lowering the surface tension of organic solvents and water compared to other C4-based fluorochemical surfactants.

Abstract: Water repellent soil is treated with low concentrations of EO/PO block copolymer having an HLB value of less than or equal to 2; an average molecular weight of greater than 3,000; and a percent hydrophile of 10 in order to rapidly increase the wetting rate of the water repellent soil.

Abstract: An emulsion is optimized in that it is stabilized by the presence of a surfactant specifically selected according to the type of a polymer, or copolymer, also present in the emulsion. The surfactant and the polymer are selected oppositely charged.

Abstract: A method for preparing a ceramic powder suspension is disclosed. A dispersant having a following structural formula is provided: wherein D is H or COOR1; R1 is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group, a cyclic aliphatic group, an aryl group, having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a cationic salt group; R2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic aliphatic having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; Z is an oxygen atom or an NH group; A is —COO —SO3 or an acid form; a is an integer between 1 to 5000; and p and q are integers between 1 to 10. The dispersant is dissolved in a solvent. Ceramic powder is further added into the solvent with the dispersant.

Abstract: A method for processing a ceramic powder suspension includes providing a dispersant having the following structure: wherein R1 is an H+ ion, an Na+ ion, an NH4+ ion or other cationic group; R2 is an H+ ion, an Na+ ion. an NH4+ ion or other cationic group; m is an integer from 10 to 5000 ; and n is an integer from 10 to 3000 . The dispersant is dissolved in a solvent. Ceramic powder is further added into the solvent with the dispersant.

Abstract: A dispersant comprising a polyester chain obtainable by polymerising a hydroxy carboxylic acid or lactone thereof such as E-caprolactone with a cyclic alkylene carbonate such as 5,5-dimethyltrimethylene carbonate. The dispersant may be in the form of a phosphate ester where the polyester chain is reacted with a phosphating agent such as polyphosphoric acid or the polyester chain may be attached to a polyamine or polyimine such as polyethyleneimine.

Abstract: Asphalt-based coating compositions and surfactants. The asphalt-based coating compositions have improved performance and comprise asphalt, clay, and a propoxylated alcohol-based ether amine salt surfactant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a softening base and a softener having biodegradability employing a quaternary ammonium salt composition comprising (M) a monoester quaternary salt represented by the formula (I), (D) a diester quaternary salt represented by the formula (II) and (T) a triester quaternary salt represented by the formula (III), wherein the amount of (M) is 15 to 85% by weight, the amount of (D) is 0 to 44% by weight and the amount of (T) is 15 to 85% by weight based on the total amounts of (M), (D) and (T). The present invention also provides a process for producing the softener base and composition. wherein R, R1, n and X? are defined herein.

Abstract: A wash composition that includes a polymeric surfactant and methods for using the wash composition are described herein.

Abstract: An aqueous solution for treatment of colored concrete, glazed enamel or porcelain surfaces to increase the coefficient of friction of that surface, whether dry or wet, to about 0.8 without deteriorating the color of the surface comprises about 1.5 to 1.9 wt % of ammonium bifluoride, 1.5 to 3.0 wt % of tri-ethylamine and a wetting agent in water. The degree of change of the color of the surface, treated seven minutes with the solution of the current application, measured by a color meter shows only 0.56 while the result of a commercial solution to increase the frictional coefficient shows 2.22. This means that the color change by the solution of the current application is undetectable by human eyes. Meanwhile, the change by the commercial solution product is detectable.

Abstract: A gemini surfactant represented by the formula: wherein: each Rf independently represents perfluorobutyl or perfluoropropyl; each R1 independently represents alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; L1 and L2 represent alkylene having from 2 to 18 carbon atoms; each R represents alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Z represents an organic divalent linking group; and nXm? represents an anion or anions having a charge m, wherein m and n are independently 1 or 2, and wherein the product of n and m is 2. Aqueous compositions containing the gemini surfactant are also disclosed.

Abstract: A quaternary surfactant comprising a cyclic diamine group, compositions comprising the quaternized amido cyclic amine surfactant, a gelled aqueous composition comprising the quaternized amido cyclic amine surfactant, use of the gelled aqueous well treatment applications and methods of preparation and intermediates used to prepare the quaternized amido cyclic amine surfactant.

Abstract: This invention is a method of preparing a quaternized amidoamine surfactant comprising reacting an amidotertiaryamine of formula with methyl halide and alkylene oxide, an aqueous quaternized amidoamine surfactant composition, a gelled aqueous composition comprising the quaternized amidoamine surfactant composition and one or more salts or alcohols and use of the gelled aqueous composition for fracturing subterranean formations.

Abstract: A fluorocompound denoted by general formula (1) below (wherein R1 denotes a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having a total of at least six carbon atoms, with R1 not being an alkyl group substituted with a fluorine atom; Rf denotes a perfluoroalkyl group having not more than six carbon atoms; either X1 or X2 denotes a hydrogen atom and the other denotes SO3M; M denotes a cation; and n denotes an integer of not less than 1) was disclosed. A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material having at least one layer comprising a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on a support and comprising a compound denoted by general formula (1) above was also disclosed.

Abstract: A pigment's etheramine sulfonic acid salt is described. Also described is a method for enhancing the performance of a pigment composition containing an organic pigment, comprising enhancing the dispersion of said pigment by adding to 100 parts of said pigment about 1 to 40 parts of a pigment's etheramine sulfonic acid salt.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds useful as surfactants having formula (1), including isomers thereof: wherein a and b are integers independently selected from about 3 to about 6; x is an integer from about 1 to about 12; (m+n) is from about 1 to about 4; the R1 groups are independently selected from the group consisting of linear, cyclic, and branched alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, and alkylaryl groups having from about C3 to about C30 atoms; and when (m+n) is equal to or greater than 2, each R1 may be independently R2 or R3, wherein R2 and R3 are independently selected from the group consisting of linear, cyclic, and branched alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, and alkylaryl groups having from about C3 to about C30 atoms. The invention also provides a method for reducing surface tension in a waterborne composition or an industrial process by the incorporation of a surfactant having formula (1) and an aqueous composition comprising a surfactant having formula (1).

Abstract: A coating composition for use in a photographic element, the composition comprising an aqueous solution of: two or more surfactants; a hydrophilic binder; and optional matte particles; wherein one of the surfactants is represented by the following Formula (I): Rf—CH2CH2—(B)y-A??(I) where Rf is F(CF2CF2)n— and n is 3 and 4 or 3, 4, and 5, and the fraction of all Rf with n=3 is at least 40%; B is a divalent linking group; y is 0 or 1; and A is an anionic group with a counterion or an amphoteric group. A photographic element containing the coating composition is also disclosed.