Abstract: A glass printing ink and glass printing lacquer are prepared, which contain at least one photoinitiator, at least one resin and at least one additional substance. The resin is an epoxy resin based on bisphenol A, diluted in a UV-curing monomer, or a resin with functional groups containing free functional amino, hydroxy, epoxy, acid, acid anhydride and/or acrylate groups, or a combination of the epoxy resin with the resin with functional groups. The at least one additional substance is a wax. The use of the glass printing ink and glass printing lacquer in printing a glass substrate and processes for the printing of a glass substrate are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of an infrared absorber for accelerating the UV curing of a mass to be cured. The infrared absorber is preferably selected from ATO, ITO, ZnO, LaB6 and a mixture of said substances. A casting resin is preferably used as the mass to be cured, in particular a resin based on an acrylic resin or an acrylate resin. The invention permits the production of laminated panes, in which the starting mass is applied between the panes and converted to form the laminate.

Abstract: A method and kit for providing a tack-free artificial nail surface. The tack-free artificial nail surface may include an acrylic layer and a barrier layer. The acrylic layer may comprise an odorless monomer. The barrier layer may be of any material impervious to oxygen. The tack-free nail surface may be formed by application of the acrylic layer to a fingernail nail bed. The barrier layer may then be applied over the acrylic layer. The barrier layer blocks oxygen from the acrylic layer so that the acrylic layer may polymerize in the absence of oxygen.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for addressing oxygen inhibition in free radical polymerization systems and determination of oxygen content in a monomer or oligomer. The compositions used include a singlet oxygen generator and a singlet oxygen trapper. Addition of the generator and trapper resulting in removal of oxygen can occur before polymerization or essentially simultaneously with polymerization. Determination of oxygen content comprises monitoring the concentration changes from the reaction of the singlet oxygen trapper with the oxygen in the system.

Abstract: Multicomponent system curable thermally and with actinic radiation, comprising A) an isocyanate-reactive binder comprising A1) at least one unsaturated polyester whose molecule contains on average at least one group that can be activated with actinic radiation, of the formulae I, II and/or III wherein n is an integer from 1 to 10; and A2) at least one binder, different than (A1), whose molecule comprises on average at least two isocyanate-reactive functional groups, and/or A3) at least one binder, different than (A1), whose molecule comprises on average at least one isocyanate-reactive functional group and at least one reactive functional group having at least one bond that can be activated with actinic radiation, and B) a crosslinker comprising B1) at least one polyisocyanate and/or B2) at least one polyisocyanate whose molecule comprises on average at least one reactive functional group having at least one bond that can be activated with actinic radiation.

Abstract: A process for producing scratch-resistant coatings, encompassing the following steps: applying at least one UV-curable coating composition to at least one surface of an article to be coated, said coating composition comprising at least one polymer and/or oligomer P1 containing on average at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond per molecule, and curing the coating composition by exposure to UV radiation, which comprises conducting the curing of the coating composition under an oxygen-containing protective gas which has an oxygen partial pressure in the range from 0.2 to 18 kPa.

Abstract: The present invention provides a visible laser-curable resist composition which contains at least one radical-protecting compound selected from a phosphorous acid ester compound and an aromatic compound having N,N-dimethylamino group bonded to the carbon atom forming the aromatic ring and which is free from the hindrance of curing caused by deactivation of radical by oxygen and has excellent curability, and a process for formation of a resist pattern using the above composition.

Abstract: Orthopedic bone cements of low porosity, prepared by mixing together at least two liquid components under conditions that allow only minimal exposure to air, are disclosed. In a preferred system, each liquid component consists essentially of a solution of a linear (non-crosslinked) polymer or copolymer of methyl methacrylate (PMMA) dissolved in a non-crosslinking methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer, with one such solution also containing an activator and a polymerization inhibitor and a second solution containing an initiator as well as a polymerization inhibitor. No reinforcing fillers are present, although a small amount (no more than 12% by weight of the total cement composition) of a radiopacifier may be included in the composition.

Abstract: A method of producing a photosensitive microcapsule which contains a polymerizable monomer and a polymerization initiator. Soluble water is displaced in the polymerizable monomer by performing one or both of distilling the polymerizable monomer and adding a dehydrating agent to the polymerizable monomer. The polymerization initiator and a first microcapsule-forming material are added to the water-displaced polymerizable monomer to produce a solution. Soluble oxygen in the polymerizable monomer is displaced by performing one or both of bubbling an inert gas and adding an oxygen absorbent to the polymerizable monomer. Soluble oxygen may also be displaced in an ionic surfactant by performing the bubbling and adding of oxygen absorbent. The ionic absorbent is added to the solution containing the polymerizable monomer and polymerization initiator, and then the solution is emulsified. A microcapsule membrane is produced by adding a second microcapsule-forming material to the emulsion.

Abstract: A method for coating a plastic lens element including applying a coating composition consisting substantially of reactants having at least triacrylate functionality, a photo-initiator and a polymerization inhibitor reactive with oxygen to the face of a mold. The coating is subjected to ultraviolet light in an oxygen containing environment such that a hard abrasion-resistant coating is formed. The mold is then filled with a lens forming composition which is reactive with acrylate groups of the coating at the coating/lens interface. The lens forming composition is permitted to cure in the mold with the lens forming composition being bonded to the lens coating.

Abstract: A photopolymer layer is used as a radiation transparent phototool replacing a light blocking phototool in the photographic process of producing solder mask layers on printed wiring boards. Various simplification and energy reducing steps are introduced with off-contact photoprinting of patterns on liquid photopolymers having special characteristics that permit the polymerization of patterned outer skin areas partly through the thickness thereof with a controlled amount of radiation energy. This creates an in-situ surrogate phototool that permits further polymerization throughout the thickness of the layer with controlled quantities of unpatterned radiation energy. Photodiscrimination is provided by changes of photosensitivity in the layer transparent to radiation rather than by opaque imaging. Thus a first low energy photoflash through an off-contact phototool with uncollimated radiation creates on a liquid photopolymer surface two contrasting patterned areas of liquid polymer and polymerized skin.

Abstract: Radiation sensitive compositions comprising acrylic or methacrylic acid esters with decreased oxygen inhibition attained by use of minor amounts of N,N'-diorgano dicarboxamide additives. The acrylated ester compositions are suitable for ultraviolet curable coatings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photopolymerizable composition which comprises(i) a monomer having at least one ethylenic unsaturated radical which is photopolymerizable under actinic light,(ii) at least one photopolymerizable initiator selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X represents a halogen atom and Y represents --CH.sub.3, --NH.sub.2, --NHR', --NR.sub.2, --OR' (wherein R' represents alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl and R represents --CX.sub.3, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl or substituted alkenyl) and compounds represented by the formula (II) ##STR2## wherein X and R are the same as those of the formula (I) respectively, and(iii) a carbazole compound represented by the formula (III) ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a water-soluble polymer having an excellent water solubility and a high molecular weight, which comprises subjecting a thin layer of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble vinyl monomer to polymerization on a solid support, covering the thin layer with a substantially water-insoluble organic material, e.g. a paraffin, a silicone oil or a low molecular polyethylene, and/or a slightly water-soluble or substantially water-insoluble alkylene oxide adduct at least at a point of time when the aqueous monomer solution has not freely flowed, and further continuing the polymerization.

Abstract: The specification describes a composition curable by high-energy radiation in the presence of oxygen which contains conventional monomers, oligomers and/or polymers curable by high-energy radiation besides minor amounts of a natural wax, a solvent extraction product of a natural wax, a wax alcohol, a wax ester and/or a wax carboxylic acid. The specification also describes the preparation of said composition and the use thereof in the formation of coatings.

Abstract: A process is described for eliminating or substantially reducing the surface tack on relief printing plates and the like articles fabricated from radiation-sensitive polymerizable resins, particularly photopolymerizable resin compositions. The process comprises immersing the article, after curing, in an aqueous solution or dispersion comprising a water-soluble or water dispersible ethylenically unsaturated monomer (acrylic, methacrylic acids and derivatives thereof preferred) and optionally a photoinitiator and exposing the immersed plate to actinic radiation.