Abstract: A method for operating a steam turbine, wherein the pressure of the cooling medium in the generator is changed not only for cooling but also for increasing or decreasing the torque of the generator on the steam turbine, this being utilized for the purpose of the start-up or shut-down process.

Abstract: Thermally compliant auxiliary power unit (APU) ducts arrangements, and associated systems and methods are disclosed. A system in accordance with one embodiment includes an auxiliary power unit exhaust, that in turn includes an exhaust flow conduit, a housing disposed outwardly from the conduit, a support providing a load path between the conduit and the housing, and a baffle positioned along the flow conduit. At least one of the support and the baffle can have a resilient, radially compressible portion between the flow conduit and the housing.

Abstract: Small, rigid electrodes in the form of sharp-pointed rods (“pins”) installed around the periphery of the diffuser at the exhaust of a steam turbine extend into the path of the wet steam flowing out of the turbine and remove electric charge from the steam, whereby turbine back-pressure and turbulence within the exhaust hood are decreased, and the energy conversion efficiency of the power generating unit is increased. In the preferred embodiment these pins are grounded, but pin electrodes isolated from electrical ground with a suitable voltage applied may give better performance in some situations. Similar pins may be installed around the bearing cone facing the turbine exhaust, along the L-stage guide blades, or along the trailing edges of flow guides or baffle plates within the exhaust hood and condenser to remove from the steam charge that may be present in the steam in those places, whereby energy conversion efficiency is likewise increased.

Abstract: An apparatus for subliming or condensing a water-containing fluid, which apparatus is provided with a tubular holder (1) having a longitudinal direction and at east one tube (2) extending in that longitudinal direction at least within the holder (1), wherein the holder is provided with at least one inlet (5) and at least one outlet (6), there being further provided at least one supply (3) and at least one discharge (4), which are in communication with the interior of the at least one tube (2), which on one side extends through a wall of the holder an is sealingly secured therein an don the other side within the holder terminates with a free end, closed with respect to the interior of the holder, which free end is guided so as to be slidable in longitudinal direction, by guide means which are located at a distance from the wall in which the tube is scalingly secured.

Abstract: A condenser neck (1) comprises two level cover plates (2) and two side walls (3) located between them that are favorably shaped with respect to flow technology. The cover plates (2) and side walls (3) may be reinforced with ribs (4a,4b). A pipe (5) arranged between the cover plates (2) further reinforces the condenser neck (1). It would also be conceivable to provide openings (11) for bypass lines in the pipe (5) and/or in the side walls (3).

Abstract: Small, rigid electrodes in the form of sharp-pointed rods (“pins”) installed around the periphery of the diffuser at the exhaust of a steam turbine extend into the path of the wet steam flowing out of the turbine and remove electric charge from the steam, whereby turbine back-pressure and turbulence within the exhaust hood are decreased, and the energy conversion efficiency of the power generating unit is increased. In the preferred embodiment these pins are grounded, but pin electrodes isolated from electrical ground with a suitable voltage applied may give better performance in some situations. Similar pins may be installed around the bearing cone facing the turbine exhaust, along the L-stage guide blades, or along the trailing edges of flow guides or baffle plates within the exhaust hood and condenser to remove from the steam charge that may be present in the steam in those places, whereby energy conversion efficiency is likewise increased.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing the damaging effects of bypass steam in a cylindrical steam surface condenser in a steam turbine/bypass power plant application consisting of a hat-like steam admission chamber located external to the condenser shell having a header with orifices and dummy rods or tubes arranged between the bypass header and the condensing tubes.

Abstract: In order to provide for coupling between the shell and the liner, a passive mounting system is provided. The passive mounting system uses indirect metal contact between the liner or liner panel and the shell. This design serves two main objectives: to minimize heat transfer between the hot gases and ultimately the exterior of the exhaust system; and to provide flexibility and mobility between liner components for changing stress and strain conditions, whether thermally related or otherwise. A passive mounted lining system comprising an outer shell, a liner support channel having a bolt slide void, a partially threaded bolt with a predetermined length of threads, and a series of thermal expansion compatible nuts, bolts, and washers, along with a liner channel support leg is disclosed.

Abstract: For cleaning waste air loaded with organic pollutants one uses an adsorptive cleaning plant with a rotating cylindrical body containing an adsorbent through which waste air to be cleaned is passed for adsorption of the pollutants, hot air for desorption of the adsorbed pollutants and cooling air for cooling the desorption zone. Waste air with desorbed pollutants is supplied to an afterburning plant with a firebox. The hot air is formed by mixture of a part of the firebox air heated to 700 to 900.degree. C. produced in the firebox, with the heated cooling air passing out of the cylindrical body. The afterburning plant has two chambers connected via the firebox and filled with a heat-retaining packing, waste air with desorbed pollutants being supplied alternatingly to one of the chambers and clean air removed from the other chamber.

Abstract: A structure comprising an LP module of a steam turbine supported by a concrete support-block carried by posts standing on a concrete raft, and an enclosure constituted by an exhaust box surrounding the LP module and connected thereto via elastic seals and by a condenser provided with bundles disposed beneath the LP module and resting on the raft, wherein the enclosure is made of concrete. The condenser envelope made of concrete is thus totally independent of the turbine and of its support-block.

Abstract: A turbine generator includes a plurality of spaced and parallel, transverse webs interconnected by plates to define an integral generator housing-base. Each transverse web in the generator section thereof includes a central, circular opening through which the generator rotor extends, and a plurality of apertures extending about the opening. Each transverse web further includes a walkway flange which, in association with the plates, forms a walkway, and also includes a superstructure lattice at the top thereof for supporting air cooling structure. A turbine is bolted to the integral generator housing-base, and is coupled to the generator rotor. Due to the integral generator housing-base, resonant vibrations of the base portion thereof at the generator operating frequency and at twice the generator operating frequency are eliminated, the weight and size of the turbine generator are reduced, and the turbine generator has greater structural integrity and rigidity.

Abstract: A single-ended steam chest with an improved support assembly is disclosed. Inlet end flexible plates and outlet end flexible plates are affixed to the steam chest. The inlet end flexible plates are cooled while the outlet end flexible plates are heated thereby minimizing the rotation of the steam chest due to thermal expansion.

Abstract: A turbine system is provided in which a turbine is associated with an auxiliary component such as a moisture separator reheater (MSR) through piping that extends over substantial distance and the respective supports for the turbine and the MSR are subject to differential movement upon a seismic shock. The turbine is rigidly supported on its foundation while the MSR has a floating support on its foundation which includes permanently lubricated sliding plates between the feet of the MSR and the MSR foundation. In addition, viscoelastic dampers are employed at spaced locations between the MSR and structural steel plates that are rigidly attached at one end to the turbine foundation. The dampers allow adequate movement of the MSR for the protection of crossover and crossunder piping due to thermal expansion and contraction, but minimize relative movement of the MSR and the turbine foundation upon seismic loading.

Abstract: An air cooled vacuum producing condenser is disclosed for condensing vapors containing non-condensible gases, i.e. air. The condenser includes a condenser chamber with a bundle of condenser tubes across the chamber. Inlet and outlet headers are disposed at opposite ends of the chamber. Water is directed downwardly onto the bundle of condenser tubes, and air is discharged from the interior of the chamber to create a downward flow of air through the chamber across the bundle of condenser tubes.

Abstract: A turbine generator unit comprises a turbine (1) and condenser (2) with fible joint (33) between them. A table (4) supporting the turbine generator unit rests on springs (47). In conjunction with a baseplate (7) supporting the condenser (2) and supported on springs (67), it forms a cradle. The table (4) and baseplate (7) are linked together by means of columns (47).

Abstract: The composite of the present invention comprises a layer of ceramic having completely imbedded therein a metal grid, such composite having been made by coating a metal grid with a viscous ceramic slurry and thereafter firing to form the ceramic to a unitary structure. At the temperature to which the composite is fired to form the unitary structure the metal grid is in an expanded condition because of its high coefficient of thermal expansion, and upon cooling the metal grid is put into tension thereby putting the ceramic in compression. The composite is used as a liner for a metal wall which is cast with the liner in situ and is disclosed as having a hollow shape about which the cast wall extends in a manner having particular utility for insulated components of internal combustion engines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a supporting device for a condensation steam turbine. The turbine parts which are exposed to vacuum tension are attached to a foundation carrier. The foundation carrier is also integrated into a spring supported foundation. The foundation carrier may be connected to a substructure through a separate support. Alternately, a supporting structure may be used to support the foundation carrier and the spring supported foundation. A condenser itself may be constructed as a support.

Abstract: A condenser arrangement having a load bearing member hermetically coupled to the condenser's condensation chamber. Load transfer means are adapted to transfer the condenser vacuum load acting on the load bearing member to the turbine or turbine support in a manner to balance the condenser vacuum load acting on the turbine through the turbine exhaust. In the preferred arrangement means are provided to minimize contributions from the condensate to forces acting upon the load bearing member.

Abstract: A fastening arrangement for a turbine and a condenser is disclosed wherein the turbine and the condenser are fastened to a common foundation table in order to decrease the effect of dynamic loads on the machine parts of a turbine and its foundations. The foundation table is spring-supported on a plurality of supports of another supporting structure. A flexible connection is provided between the turbine and the condenser with one of the bearing members of the arrangement being located variously about the foundation table. One of the bearing members is preferably arranged on a top surface of the foundation table and another bearing member may be arranged below or within the foundation table. Furthermore, the other bearing member may be cast within the foundation table or be resiliently mounted for axial movement within a recess of the table.

Abstract: A subatmospheric pressure condenser has an enclosure within which steam is condensed after exhausting from an associated turbine. The enclosure is flexibly connected to the turbine to permit relative movement therebetween. The condenser also has an outer wall which is flexibly connected to the enclosure to define a vacuum balancing chamber therebetween with the outer wall being structurally connected to the turbine for the purpose of reducing the atmospheric pressure force exerted on the turbine's structure by the turbine. The structural connectors between the outer wall and the turbine intersect the enclosure and provide fluid communication therethrough between the turbine's exhaust port and the vacuum balancing chamber. At the intersection between the structural connectors and the enclosure, sleeves are attached to the enclosure in closely spaced surrounding relationship with each of the structural connectors to minimize liquid intrusion therebetween from the enclosure to the vacuum balancing chamber.

Abstract: A support configuration between a turbine and associated condenser for compensating unbalanced pressure forces on the turbine with unbalanced pressure forces exerted on the condenser. A portion of the condenser floor is elevated above the remaining part of the condenser floor, is flexibly connected therewith, and constitutes a vacuum balance plate which is structurally connected to the turbine. Due to its flexible connection with the condenser, the vacuum balance plate is permitted limited displacement relative to the remaining portion of the condenser floor and can thus transmit unbalanced pressure forces exerted thereon through the structural members to the turbine so as to minimize the condenser vacuum load on the turbine's foundation. The vacuum balance plate's elevation is greater than the condenser's adjacent hot well floor and is preferably greater than the condenser's maximum condensate height.

Abstract: A heat exchanger core made up of a loose stack of heat exchange sheets is surrounded by a support frame which holds the sheets against separation. One end of the support frame is mounted on the engine body and restrained against vertical, fore-and-aft and sidewise movement relative to the engine body. The other end of the support frame is mounted on the engine body by a double pivot link assembly which restrains that end against vertical and sidewise movement but allows fore-and-aft movement. A simple expansion bellows joins the high-pressure air inlet of the heat exchanger to the engine body. A simple expansion bellows may be used to join either or both of the high-pressure air outlet and low-pressure hot exhaust gas inlet of the heat exchanger to the engine body.