Abstract: Improved mobile robots and systems and methods thereof, described herein, can enhance security and monitoring services of grounds and property. And, such mobile robots and systems and methods thereof can enhance policing as well as customer service and help desk functionality. In some embodiments, the mobile robots and systems and methods thereof can enhance exploration, such as space exploration.

Abstract: A module for a technical facility includes a technical hardware for executing a technical sub-process, a controller for locally controlling the technical hardware wherein the controller is configured to control the technical hardware autonomously and an external interface of the controller, wherein the external interface comprises an OPC-UA server. The OPC-UA server has a fixedly predetermined information structure having static information and dynamic information wherein the static information describes the technical hardware and the controller, and the controller writes the dynamic information as real-time values of the technical hardware into the information structure.

Abstract: Examples of devices are described herein. In some examples, a device may include a plurality of electronic elements. In some examples, each of the electronic elements is mechanically interlockable to another of the electronic elements. In some examples, each of the electronic elements is to control a lock state based on a broadcast signal to modify a shape of the device to a predetermined target shape.

Abstract: A publishing node comprises one or more processors and a first synchronization database. The first synchronization database comprises a subscriber list of a plurality of subscribers, a plurality of first attributes and a plurality of first flags. The publishing node publishes, to a first subscriber from the plurality of subscribers, one or more of the first attributes having a respective one of the first flags set. The respective one of the first flags associates a respective one of the first attributes with the first subscriber. The publishing node also receives an error message from the first subscriber. In response to receiving the error message, the publishing node sets each of the first flags associated with the first subscriber and republishes each of the first attributes associated with each of the first flags associated with the first subscriber.

Abstract: The global proliferation of high speed communication networks has created unprecedented opportunities for geographically distributed resource interaction. A crowd sourced project management synthesizer provides crowd sourced project management features, as well as resource performance tracking features, to provide efficiencies to the project's implementation.

Abstract: The invention includes a method for monitoring an automated plant having at least one field device, wherein a first cloud-capable database, having a first data configuration and containing field device related data including measured values, parameter values, identification data, and diagnostic status of the field device, wherein a second cloud-capable database having a second data configuration incompatible with the first data configuration, and wherein the first and the second data configurations define file formats of the data, the method comprises: retrieving at least a part of the data contained in the first database by means of a data conversion unit, especially an edge device or a gateway; converting the retrieved data into a format conforming to the second data configuration; and storing the converted data in the second database. The invention further includes a data conversion unit, which is embodied for executing the method of the invention.

Abstract: A controller including a test manager configured to output a program command for performing a program operation of a memory block and a suspend command for stopping the program operation, and a memory interface configured to transmit the program command to a memory device including the memory block, and transmit the suspend command to the memory device after a set time elapses. The test manager outputs a read command for reading memory cells included in the memory block, the memory interface calculates a count value by counting data output from the memory device in response to the read command, and the test manager generates status information on the memory block according to the count value.

Abstract: There is provided a technique that includes a plurality of substrate processing apparatuses each configured to process a substrate; a first controller installed in each substrate processing apparatus among the plurality of substrate processing apparatuses and configured to control the substrate processing apparatus; a relay configured to receive a plurality of types of data from the first controller; and a second controller configured to receive the data from the relay, wherein the relay is configured to change a transmission interval of the data to the second controller according to one of each type of the data and each first controller, or according to both of each type of the data and each first controller.

Abstract: A big data network or system for a process control system or plant includes a big data apparatus including a data storage area configured to store, using a common data schema, multiple types of process data and/or plant data (such as configuration and real-time data) that is used in, generated by or received by the process control system, and one or more data receiver computing devices to receive the data from multiple nodes or devices. The data may be cached and time-stamped at the nodes and streamed to the big data apparatus for storage. The process control system big data system provides services and/or data analyses to automatically or manually discover prescriptive and/or predictive knowledge, and to determine, based on the discovered knowledge, changes and/or additions to the process control system and to the set of services and/or analyses to optimize the process control system or plant.

Abstract: Approaches for dynamically allocating CPU cycles for use in processing a video stream. Video complexity information for two or more digital video streams actively being processed by one or more video encoders is determined at periodic intervals. Video complexity information describes the complexity of digital video carried by the digital video streams across a bounded number of consecutive digital frames which includes digital frames not yet processed by the one or more video encoders. A determination is made as to whether a number of CPU cycles allocated for processing a particular digital video stream should be adjusted based on the determined video complexity information. The number of CPU cycles allocated for processing the particular digital video stream may be dynamically adjusted by maximizing a measure of optimal video quality calculated for the two or more digital video streams using, at least in part, the determined video complexity information.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to transition devices between operational modes. An example apparatus comprising: an activity detector configured to be coupled to a communication bus; a communication bus controller coupled to the activity detector; a hardware wakeup controller coupled to the activity detector; a switching circuit coupled to the hardware wakeup controller; a first oscillator coupled to the switching circuit; and a second oscillator the second oscillator coupled to the switching circuit and the hardware wakeup controller.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide systems and methods for facilitating synchronized delivery of shipments/items scheduled to be delivered to multiple serviceable points located nearby one another. Various embodiments identify nearby serviceable points based on an identification of serviceable points being logically clustered. Accordingly, various embodiments store a record for a serviceable point comprising data identifying the serviceable point and data identifying a second serviceable point. Thereafter, shipping data for a first shipment to be delivered to the serviceable point is received, and the record for the serviceable point is accessed to retrieve the data identifying the second serviceable point. A second shipment scheduled to be delivered to the second serviceable point is identified, and an indication is provided that the first and second shipments are eligible for synchronized delivery.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods related to memory pooling between selected memory resources on vehicles or base stations are described. A system using a memory pool formed as such may enable performance of functions, including automated functions critical for prevention of damage to a product, personnel safety, and/or reliable operation, based on increased access to data that may improve performance of a mission profile. For instance, one apparatus described herein includes a wireless base station coupled to a first processor coupled to a first memory resource that are configured to enable formation of a memory pool to share data between the first memory resource and a second memory resource at a vehicle responsive to a request to access the second memory resource from the first processor transmitted via the base station.

Abstract: A tool for an approach and mechanism for calculating and configuring memory mapping of trend log objects in a system, such as an HVAC. It may incorporate determining available memory of a controller for trending a unit of equipment of a system. A calculation of available records may be made for configuring and using a trend. The calculation may be made in view of the controller memory and parameters including buffer size, log interval and retention time. A change in parameters may cause a recalculation of available records. The “available record” terms may be regarded as being in a user-understandable format. The format may be intuitive. Anomalies of trends of equipment may lead to spotting issues of the equipment.

Abstract: There has been desired a technique for creating a table on a database without formulating an SQL statement. A control program for a controller includes a generation module configured to output an SQL statement for creating, on a database, a table in which collection target variables included in the control program are stored. The generation module determines an identification name, on the database, of each collection target variable, identifies, based on a correspondence between a data type usable in the control program and a data type usable in the database, a data type on the database corresponding to the data type of the collection target variable in the control program, and generates the SQL statement based on the determined identification name and the identified data type.

Abstract: Task delegation and cooperation for automated assistants is presented. A method comprises receiving, at a centralized support center that is in contact with a plurality of automated assistants including a first automated assistant and a second automated assistant, a request to perform a task on behalf of an individual, formulating, at the centralized support center, the task as a plurality of sub-tasks including a first sub-task and a second sub-task, delegating, at the centralized support center, the first sub-task to the first automated assistant, based on a determination at the centralized support center that the first automated assistant is capable of performing the first sub-task, and delegating, at the centralized support center, the second sub-task to the second automated assistant, based on a determination at the centralized support center that the second automated assistant is capable of performing the second sub-task.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to a processor core including an execution unit and a usage ratio controller. The execution unit is operable for executing a command forwarded to the execution unit. The usage ratio controller is operatively coupled with the execution unit. The usage ratio controller is operable for controlling a usage ratio of the execution unit. The usage ratio corresponds to the fraction of an observation time during which the execution unit is executing commands of an application. Other aspects of the disclosure relate to a method for detecting or analyzing a bottleneck in a processor core for a given application. The method includes controlling a usage ratio of at least one execution unit of the processor core and measuring the resulting application performance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a redundant hot standby control system including K industrial personal computers, with a plurality of virtual control devices being established thereon respectively, at least one of the plurality of virtual control devices being established on each IPC as a main control device; and the other virtual control devices being standby control devices. Each of the standby control devices corresponds to a virtual control device, which serves as the main control device on another IPC, except for the IPC to which the standby control device itself belongs. A procedure, which is the same as that operated on the main control device corresponding thereto, is operated on the standby control device. A control bus of the system is used for connecting a plurality of the M IPCs; and a field bus is used for connecting the M IPCs and a plurality of field devices.

Abstract: Exemplary systems and methods for the addition of a block to a permissioned blockchain using efficient consensus are disclosed. The methods and systems may include receiving transaction messages having transaction values from consensus nodes and generating a Merkle root for the transaction messages using transaction references and a proposed block header having the Merkle root and a hash of the header of the most recently added block in a blockchain. The proposed block header may be hashed and transmitted with a proposal message having a digital signature to auditing nodes. A response message accepting the digital signature may be received and an accept message may be transmitted to the auditing nodes and a confirmation message may be transmitted to the consensus-nodes. A new block may be written to the blockchain having the transaction values from the transaction messages and a header including the proposed block header and digital signature.

Abstract: Systems and methods for improved content streaming and downloading. The system enables content to be transmitted to wireless base stations (WBSs) using unicast on the core network side of a cellular network to avoid incompatibilities associated with network broadcast technologies such as Evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services (eMBMS) and Long-Term Evolution Broadcast (LTE-B). At the same time, the system enable content to be broadcast, or transmitted to multiple user equipment (UE) in a single transmission to reduce wireless bandwidth consumption. The system can include a commodity server to receive requests from WBSs, place them in a chronological list based on network latency, and then transmit content to each WBS in a synchronized unicast manner. Each WBS can then transmit the content to a plurality of UEs with minimal buffer required due to the “pre-synchronization.

Abstract: A control system includes a control device. The control device has a first communication unit and a second communication unit respectively connected to distinct networks distinct from each other, and a timer that manages a time-indicative value. The control device collects first communication data transmitted and/or received by the first communication unit, associates the collected first communication data with a value indicating a time point at which this communication data is transmitted and/or received, and stores the resulting first communication data. The control device collects second communication data transmitted and/or received by the second communication unit, associates the collected second communication data with a value indicating a time point at which this communication data is transmitted and/or received, and stores the resulting second communication data.

Abstract: A method of the invention manages data stream processing tasks of an application topology in a stream processing system, the stream processing system having one or more data producers, one or more compute nodes, and one or more result consumers, includes: assigning geographic scope granularities to the data stream processing tasks of the application topology; receiving, by a task manager from a result consumer of the one or more result consumers, a subscription in order to trigger data processing for computing a result, the subscription including geographic scope related information concerning the triggered data processing]; generating, by the task manager based on the geographic scope related information of the subscription, an execution plan including task instances for performing the triggered data processing; and generating, by the task manager from the execution plan, a deployment plan for deploying the task instances of the execution plan on the compute nodes.

Abstract: A bicycle component device includes a bicycle component and a battery. The bicycle component includes an electric assist unit, an electric shift device and an operation device. The electric assist unit is configured to assist in rotation of a crank. The electric shift device is configured to move a bicycle chain between sprockets. The operation device is configured to perform wireless communication with the electric shift device. The battery is configured to supply power to the bicycle component.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide systems and methods for facilitating synchronized delivery of shipments/items scheduled to be delivered to multiple serviceable points located nearby one another. Various embodiments identify nearby serviceable points based on an identification of serviceable points being associated with a common geographic descriptor. Accordingly, various embodiments receive shipping data for a first shipment to be delivered to a first serviceable point and a second shipment to be delivered to a second serviceable point. A first geographic descriptor is identified as associated with the first serviceable point and a second geographic descriptor is identified as associated with the second serviceable point, and a determination is made whether the first and second geographic descriptors are the same. Upon a determination that the first and second geographic descriptors are the same, an indication is provided that the first and second shipments are eligible for synchronized delivery.

Abstract: The embodiments described herein include one embodiment that provides a control method that includes connecting a first controller to a control system; receiving control system configuration data from a database, in which the configuration data comprises holistic state data of a second controller in the control system; and configuring operation of the first controller based at least in part on the configuration data received.

Abstract: Techniques regarding an implantable biosensor package are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can regard an apparatus, which can comprise a biosensor module. The biosensor module can comprise a semiconductor substrate and a processor. The semiconductor substrate can have a sensor operably coupled to the processor. The apparatus can also comprise a polymer layer. The biosensor module can be embedded within the polymer layer such that the polymer layer can be provided on a plurality of sides of the biosensor module.

Abstract: A high availability industrial automation system in disclosed. The system has a primary industrial automation controller, a secondary industrial automation controller, and a communication network connected to the primary industrial automation controller and the secondary industrial automation controller. The primary industrial automation controller includes a processor and a memory configured to store a plurality of instructions, a plurality of automation tasks, input/output (I/O) data, and internal storage data. The processor is operative to execute the plurality of instructions to cross load information from the primary industrial automation controller to the secondary industrial automation controller. The cross loading of information can be less than the maximum amount of communicable information capable of being cross loaded. Also disclosed are methods of communicating over the high availability industrial automation system.

Abstract: A transaction facilitation system is disclosed that is configured to affect crediting and debiting of gaming accounts for two or more gaming environments and structured to communicate with an issuing financial institution of a stored value account to affect crediting and debiting of the stored value accounts. The two or more gaming environments can be members of an alliance of gaming environments that are associated with the stored value account. Financial transactions using the stored value account can be used for customer relationship purposes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a module for a technical facility comprising a technical hardware for executing a technical sub-process, a controller for locally controlling the technical hardware wherein the controller is configured to control the technical hardware automatically and an external interface of the controller, wherein the external interface comprises an OPC-UA server. The OPC-UA server has a fixedly predetermined information structure having static information and dynamic information wherein the static information describes the technical hardware and the controller, and the controller writes the dynamic information as real-time values of the technical hardware into the information structure. Furthermore, a corresponding method for controlling a technical facility is claimed.

Abstract: A data provision system includes a data provision device and a data security device installed in a vehicle. The data provision device includes a vehicle interface configured to transmit data to and receive data from the vehicle and an expected value calculation unit configured to calculate an expected value of application data to be applied to an in-vehicle computer installed in the vehicle. The application data and the expected value are transmitted to the vehicle through the vehicle interface. The data security device includes an interface unit configured to transmit data to and receive data from a device outside the data security device and a measurement unit configured to calculate a measurement value of the application data received from the data provision device through the interface unit and verify the measurement value on the basis of the expected value received from the data provision device through the interface unit.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods related to memory pooling between selected memory resources on vehicles or base stations are described. A system using a memory pool formed as such may enable performance of functions, including automated functions critical for prevention of damage to a product, personnel safety, and/or reliable operation, based on increased access to data that may improve performance of a mission profile. For instance, one apparatus described herein includes a wireless base station coupled to a first processor coupled to a first memory resource that are configured to enable formation of a memory pool to share data between the first memory resource and a second memory resource at a vehicle responsive to a request to access the second memory resource from the first processor transmitted via the base station.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems, non-transitory computer-readable media, and methods for intelligently merging handwritten content and digital audio from a digital video based on monitored presentation flow. In particular, the disclosed systems can apply an edge detection algorithm to intelligently detect distinct sections of the digital video and locations of handwritten content entered onto a writing surface over time. Moreover, the disclosed systems can generate a transcription of handwritten content utilizing digital audio. For instance, the disclosed systems can utilize an audio text transcript as input to an optical character recognition algorithm and auto-correct text utilizing the audio text transcript. Further, the disclosed systems can analyze short form text from handwritten script and generate long form text from audio text transcripts.

Abstract: A high-bandwidth memory (HBM) system includes an HBM device and a logic circuit. The logic circuit receives a first command from the host device and converts the received first command to a processing-in-memory (PIM) command that is sent to the HBM device through the second interface. A time between when the first command is received from the host device and when the HBM system is ready to receive another command from the host device is deterministic. The logic circuit further receives a fourth command and a fifth command from the host device. The fifth command requests time-estimate information relating to a time between when the fifth command is received and when the HBM system is ready to receive another command from the host device. The time-estimate information includes a deterministic period of time and an estimated period of time for a non-deterministic period of time.

Abstract: A data storage device including an interface, a first actuator, a second actuator, an auxiliary controller, and a primary controller. The auxiliary controller is configured to control positioning of the second actuator. The primary controller is configured to control positioning of the first actuator. The primary controller is communicatively coupled between the interface and the auxiliary controller.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods for communicating data between a controller and a multiplicity of field devices operating in a process plant are provided. The system includes distributed marshaling modules coupled by a head-end unit to I/O cards in communication with the controller. The distributed marshaling modules communicate with the field devices via respective electronic marshaling components converting signals between the field devices and the I/O cards. The distributed marshaling modules are coupled to the head-end unit by a ring communication architecture, such that the distributed marshaling modules may each be located relatively proximate to the field devices to which they are coupled.

Abstract: A technology is described for operating a device shadowing service that manages device representations for physical devices that are network addressable. An example method may include associating a device representation with a representation type, where the device representation represents a copy of a state of a physical device in network communication with a device shadowing service that maintains the device representation, and the representation type may define a command that can be invoked through the device representation. After the device representation has been associated with the representation type, the command may be invoked through the device representation. Invoking the command may involve identifying the representation type associated with the device representation and determining that the command is supported by the representation type. Thereafter, the command may be executed.

Abstract: One embodiment facilitates detection of attacks in a cyber-physical system of interacting elements with physical inputs and outputs. During operation, the system receives, by a first entity of a plurality of entities, a first reading from a first set of sensors of the cyber-physical system via a first network. The system receives, by the first entity, a second reading from a second set of sensors of the cyber-physical system via a second network, wherein the second network includes security measures which prevent access by any external entity or any of the plurality of entities. The system executes a set of instructions based on the first reading and the second reading. The system determines that a result of the executed instructions does not match an expected condition. The system performs a remedial action based on the result.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides task delegation and cooperation for automated assistants. In one example, a method includes receiving, at a centralized support center that is in contact with a plurality of automated assistants including a first automated assistant and a second automated assistant, a request to perform a task on behalf of an individual, formulating, at the centralized support center, the task as a plurality of sub-tasks including a first sub-task and a second sub-task, delegating, at the centralized support center, the first sub-task to the first automated assistant, based on a determination at the centralized support center that the first automated assistant is capable of performing the first sub-task, and delegating, at the centralized support center, the second sub-task to the second automated assistant, based on a determination at the centralized support center that the second automated assistant is capable of performing the second sub-task.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide systems and methods for facilitating synchronized delivery of shipments/items scheduled to be delivered to multiple serviceable points located nearby one another. Various embodiments identify nearby serviceable points based on an identification of serviceable points being located along a common street segment. Accordingly, serviceable point data identifying corresponding street segment identifiers are stored for a plurality of serviceable points. Thereafter, shipping data for a first shipment to be delivered to a first serviceable point is received, and a determination is made whether a second shipment scheduled to be delivered to a second serviceable point is available for synchronized delivery with the first shipment. The determination comprises determining whether the street segment corresponding to the first serviceable point is the same as and/or is connected to the street segment corresponding to the second serviceable point.

Abstract: Embodiments are generally directed to high capacity energy backed memory with off device storage. A memory device includes a circuit board; multiple memory chips that are installed on the circuit board; a controller to provide for backing up contents of the memory chips when a power loss condition is detected; a connection to a backup energy source; and a connection to a backup data storage that is separate from the memory device.

Abstract: A sensor control device and a sensor system are provided through which it is possible to automatically detect whether mutual interference occurs for a plurality of sensor units, and it is possible to automatically set periodic light projection timings for preventing mutual interference. A sensor control device includes a light projection control part configured to instruct a light projection operation for each of a plurality of sensor units and a light projection timing setting part configured to set periodic light projection timings when each of the sensor units is periodically operated based on results of light projection control for each of the sensor units and detection results of each of the sensor units.

Abstract: A first time period is determined during which a first head driven by a first actuator will be performing a track-following operation. A second time period is also determined during which a second head driven by a second actuator will be performing a low-priority disk access operation that includes a seek. The first and second actuators are independently movable such that the first and second disk access operations are capable of being performed in parallel. If it is determined that the seek of the second head will impact servo control of the track-following operation of the first head, a start time of the seek of the second head is changed to correspond to a time that mitigates impacts to the track-following operation of the first head.

Abstract: The invention relates to a parking assistance apparatus (12) for a motor vehicle (10). The invention is based on the object of providing reliably working parking assistance that can involve computational-intensive processing of sensor signals. To this end, at least one sensor (20) for producing a sensor signal (S) that is dependent on a relative position (D) of a vehicle-external object (22) is connected to a first controller (14) that is designed to take each sensor signal (S) as a basis for producing position data (P) that describe the relative position (D) and to transmit said position data via a communication link (18) of the motor vehicle (10). A second controller (16) is designed to receive the position data (P) via the communication link (18) and, during a parking manoeuvre of the motor vehicle (10), to take the position data (P) as a basis for outputting a control signal (C) to an actuator device (26) of the motor vehicle (10).

Abstract: Pending medication orders are presented on the controller of an infusion pump to which a patient has been identified. All pending medication orders are displayed on the screen of the controller and any may be selected by the clinician. Selecting a pending order at the controller that involves an infusion to the patient also results in automatic programming of the infusion pump in accordance with that order. Selection of an oral medication at the controller results, as does selection of any other order, in notification to the healthcare facility server that the order is being administered. Such notification resolves open controlled item transactions as well as provides information that may be relevant to a patient's EMAR. Selection of a pending order may occur manually or automatically through identification of a medication.

Abstract: Provided is a method of configuring a home screen. The method includes configuring, at a first device, a home screen of a second device, and transmitting, from the first device, information about the home screen to the second device, wherein the home screen includes a graphical user interface (GUI) to be displayed by the second device.

Abstract: A coupling device that couples a first bus system to a second bus system configured to provide bidirectional communication between the first bus system and the second bus system comprising data transfer means for transmitting forward-directed data from the first bus system to the second bus system and for transmitting backward-directed data from the second bus system to the first bus system, data manipulation means for manipulating forward-directed data and/or backward-directed, and an instruction memory for storing manipulation instructions relating to the manipulation of data by the data manipulation means.

Abstract: A robotic system is provided. The robotic system includes a publishing node including at least one first synchronization database that includes a plurality of attributes, each of the attributes including a tag identifying the attribute and data, a flag associated with each of the attributes, and a subscriber list. The system also includes a subscriber node including at least one second synchronization database. The publishing node is configured to set the flag associated with the attributes when the attributes are written in the at least one first synchronization database or when the data included in the attributes are modified and publish the flagged attributes to the subscriber node.

Abstract: An operation method of a semiconductor memory device including a memory cell array and an internal processor configured to perform an internal processing operation includes receiving at the memory device a first mode indicator that indicates whether the memory device should operate in a processor mode or in a normal mode, receiving at the memory device processing information for the memory device, when the first mode indicator indicates that the memory device should operate in the processor mode, storing the processing information in a first memory cell region of the memory cell array, using the stored processing information to perform internal processing by the internal processor, and storing a result of the internal processing in the memory cell array.

Abstract: One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a relay device communicating with a plurality of control devices that belong to on-vehicle networks. This relay device is provided with: a storage unit configured to store therein a plurality of update programs for simultaneous update required for the plurality of control devices, and topologies of the on-vehicle networks; an in-vehicle communication unit configured to transmit the plurality of update programs to the corresponding control devices, respectively; and a control unit configured to control the in-vehicle communication unit such that, as for control devices that belong to a plurality of on-vehicle networks that are individually connected to the relay device and are independent from each other, the plurality of update programs corresponding to the control devices are transmitted in parallel with each other.

Abstract: A coffee brewing apparatus comprises a corresponding coffee brewer as well as a sensor that is configured and arranged to sense food components as used by that means for brewing coffee beverages. This coffee brewing apparatus then further comprises an external network interface that is configured and arranged to facilitate interfacing with a remote resource (or resources). The coffee brewing apparatus can further comprise an end user interface and a processor that is operably coupled to the sensor, the external network interface, and the end user interface and that is configured and arranged to independently use information regarding food components as are used by the means for brewing coffee beverages to facilitate obtaining corresponding responsive information from the remote resource and to then present that information to an end user via the end user interface.