Abstract: A measurement apparatus includes a first Doppler sensor which outputs a first transmission signal and receives a first Doppler signal, that is the first transmission signal returned after being reflected by an impacting object, a timing detection unit that detects an impact timing which is a moment when an impacted object is impacted by the impacting object, an impacting object speed computing unit that computes a speed of the impacting object based on the first Doppler signals obtained from the detected impact timing to a timing before a predetermined period, and an imaging unit that images the impacted object immediately after the impact so as to be used for computing a motion state of the impacted object, based on the computed speed of the impacting object.

Abstract: Methods for evaluating and providing selections of recommended golf balls, golf ball constructions, and configurations of golf ball construction components are provided. Such methods may involve obtaining or measuring spin measurements against a plurality of golf clubs for each of a plurality of golf balls. A linear relationship may be used to determine a spin slope for each golf ball on the basis of the set of spin measurements associated with that golf ball. In turn, a selection of a recommended golf ball, golf ball construction, or configuration of a ball construction component may be made based upon which golf ball has the larger spin slope.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining the kinematic characteristics of a golf club are disclosed. The apparatus includes at least one piezoelectric component selectively positioned within or upon at least one portion of a golf club. When the club head impacts an object such as a golf ball, the piezoelectric component is operable to determine the velocity of the club. It may also be desirable for the piezoelectric component to determine the magnitude of vibration during impact and swing speed. In this manner, the piezoelectric component may function determine the efficiency of a golf club swing.

Abstract: A performance test apparatus includes a control unit, an image taking device, and a base having a table and a frame mounted to the table. The image taking device includes at least one image taker and at least one parallel light source. The at least one image taker is movably mounted to the frame and electrically connected to the control unit. The at least one parallel light source faces the table and is electrically connected to the control unit. The least one parallel light source includes a plurality of spot light sources. The control unit controls on/off of the at least one parallel light source, so that the at least one parallel light source flickers at a high frequency.

Abstract: A performance test apparatus includes a control unit, an image taking device, and a base having a table and a frame mounted to the table. The image taking device includes at least one image taker and at last one parallel light source. The at least one image taker is movably mounted to the frame and electrically connected to the control unit. The at least one parallel light source faces the table and is electrically connected to the control unit. The least one parallel light source includes a plurality of spot light sources. The control unit controls on/off of the at least one parallel light source, so that the at least one parallel light source flicker at a high frequency.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining the kinematic characteristics of a golf club head are disclosed. The apparatus includes at least one piezoelectric component selectively positioned within or upon a club head. The piezoelectric component is preferably positioned to the rear of the center of gravity, and near the midpoint of the face of the club head. During a golf club swing, the piezoelectric component determines the acceleration and deceleration of the golf club head. When the club head impacts an object such as a golf ball, the piezoelectric component is also operable to determine the velocity of the club head. It may also be desirable for the piezoelectric component to determine the magnitude of vibration during impact. In this manner, the piezoelectric component may function determine the efficiency of a golf club swing.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining the kinematic characteristics of a golf club head are disclosed. The apparatus includes at least one piezoelectric component selectively positioned within or upon a club head. The piezoelectric component is preferably positioned to the rear of the center of gravity, and near the midpoint of the face of the club head. During a golf club swing, the piezoelectric component determines the acceleration and deceleration of the golf club head. When the club head impacts an object such as a golf ball, the piezoelectric component is also operable to determine the velocity of the club head. It may also be desirable for the piezoelectric component to determine the magnitude of vibration during impact. In this manner, the piezoelectric component may function determine the efficiency of a golf club swing.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining the kinematic characteristics of a golf club head are disclosed. The apparatus includes at least one piezoelectric component selectively positioned within or upon a club head. The piezoelectric component is preferably positioned to the rear of the center of gravity, and near the midpoint of the face of the club head. During a golf club swing, the piezoelectric component determines the acceleration and deceleration of the golf club head. When the club head impacts an object such as a golf ball, the piezoelectric component is also operable to determine the velocity of the club head. It may also be desirable for the piezoelectric component to determine the magnitude of vibration during impact. In this manner, the piezoelectric component may function determine the efficiency of a golf club swing.

Abstract: By bringing a golf ball into collision with a collisional plate and measuring a coefficient of dynamic friction at this collision, contact force at the time of collision between an actual golf club and the golf ball is analyzed and spin rate of the golf ball is estimated. This invention provides a method for measuring a coefficient of dynamic friction between a golf ball and a collisional plate when the golf ball collides with the collisional plate disposed aslant at a predetermined angle with respect to a flying direction of the golf ball. The method includes concurrently obtaining a time function Fn(t) of contact force in the direction perpendicular to the collisional plate, and a time function Ft(t) of contact force in the direction parallel with the collisional plate; and determining as a coefficient of dynamic friction, a maximum value of a time function M(t) of ratio between Fn(t) and Ft(t) represented by M(t)=Ft(t)/Fn(t).

Abstract: The present invention comprises an automated machine for testing the physical properties of spherical objects. Preferably, the apparatus comprises a firing mechanism that includes an inner and outer barrel. An object inside the firing mechanism is propelled towards a striking surface that faces the firing mechanism. Two sensors located at predetermined points between the firing mechanism and the striking surface measure the inbound and outbound velocity of the object. A computing device then uses an algorithm to determine the COR of a given set of objects. An angular device uses gravity to direct the objects to a retrieval chute, which uses a tubing system to direct the objects for re-testing or collection.

Abstract: A simulation method includes the step of momently measuring a value of each of a strain, a strain speed, and a stress generated in the viscoelastic material, deriving time history data of a viscous drag, the strain speed and the stress, thereby deriving a relationship among the strain, the strain speed, and the viscous drag and setting the product as a product model whose performance is analyzed; inputting the relationship to the product model; and computing a stress and strain of a deviation component by using a deviation main strain and a deviation main strain speed converted from an entire coordinate system into a main strain coordinate system and a main strain speed coordinate system respectively to thereby conduct a simulation in consideration of a change of the viscous drag which occurs in dependence of a variation of the strain and the strain speed.

Abstract: A ball testing device having a compact housing with a microphone for receiving the sound generated when a ball strikes a surface and generating output signals. An electrical circuit in said housing is configured to receive the output signals and process the signals to determine the time lapse between the first and second and the second and third successive bounces of the ball and provide the ratio of time lapse between the second and third bounces to that of the time lapse between the first and the second bounce to provide the coefficient of restitution of the ball. Said housing including a display for displaying the coefficient of restitution.

Abstract: The golf club head evaluation system provides two methods for evaluating and comparing various club head designs. Method one is a data acquisition apparatus that captures, processes, and displays the bending and torsional deflections and accelerations of a golf club shaft in response to impact loads applied to an attached golf club head. Method two provides a graphical method for comparing the inertia properties of golf club heads based upon equivalent inertia ellipsoids. The apparatus contains an instrumented shaft that is supported in a cantilevered position. Golf club heads of various configurations are attached to the end of the shaft. Their graphical images and mass properties are input to the computer. From the mass property data, an ellipsoid is created with equivalent mass properties.

Abstract: A simulation method of estimating performance of a product made of a viscoelastic material, comprising the steps of measuring a value of a strain, a strain speed, and a stress generated in viscoelastic material momently in a measuring condition equivalent to a state in which the product is actually used; deriving time history data of a viscosity resistance of the viscoelastic material separately in each of a strain increase state and a strain decrease state from time history data of the strain, the strain speed, and the stress and a viscoelastic model set in consideration of a viscosity of the viscoelastic material; setting the product as a product model whose performance is analyzed and inputting a relationship among the strain, the strain speed, and the viscosity resistance to the product model to conduct a simulation in consideration of a phenomenon that the viscosity resistance changes in dependence on a variation of the strain and the strain speed and in consideration of a difference in the viscosity res

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for measuring coefficient of restitution of an impact are disclosed. The apparatus includes a launching device, an enclosure, a second initially stationary object, and a plurality of speed sensors. The launching device causes a first object to be moved toward the second object and to impact the second object within the enclosure. The sensors are positioned within the enclosure to determine the velocity of the first object before impact, the velocity of the second object after impact and optionally the velocity of the first object after impact. Using these velocities, the coefficient of restitution of the impact can be determined. By using an enclosure and a second object that is initially stationary and is moved upon impact, the coefficient of restitution of the first object can be determined. The apparatus closely simulates a real-world golf ball/golf club collision.

Abstract: The apparatus employs a steel impact ball which is mounted in a pendulum manner to swing against the face of a golf club head. The golf club is secured at one end to a spacer block on the base of the apparatus and the head of the club is freely mounted in facing relation to the impact ball. The ball is pivoted from a fixed position to impact against the head of the golf club and an oscilloscope is used to record et acceleration and movement of the ball after impact of the ball on the club face and also calculates a velocity history of the face of the ball. The time at which the calculated velocity is at a maximum is determined. Several impacts may be made to obtain a number of calculated times and the relative flexibility of the golf dub head is estimated in accordance with the equation: B = i c - A ? 1 V m k A simpler procedure may also be employed using a single velocity (with one or more than one impact).

Abstract: The present invention comprises an automated machine for testing the physical properties of spherical objects. Preferably, the apparatus comprises a firing mechanism that includes an inner and outer barrel. An object inside the firing mechanism is propelled towards a striking surface that faces the firing mechanism. Two sensors located at predetermined points between the firing mechanism and the striking surface measure the inbound and outbound velocity of the object. A computing device then uses an algorithm to determine the COR of a given set of objects. An angular device uses gravity to direct the objects to a retrieval chute, which uses a tubing system to direct the objects for re-testing or collection.

Abstract: A method for selecting a golf ball suitable for a golfer, comprising the steps of (i) obtaining head speed and backspin when a golfer hits a golf ball with a golf club; (ii) obtaining from the golfer ball-type selection data for determining which among a plurality of ball types is suitable for the golfer; and (iii) selecting a golf ball of a type (e.g., a distance-type ball or a control-type ball) suitable for the golfer on the basis of the head speed and backspin obtained in step (i) and the ball-type selection data obtained in step (ii), in such a manner that the selected golf ball produces backspin close to optimal backspin corresponding to the above-described head speed.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an automated machine for testing the physical properties of spherical objects. Preferably, the apparatus comprises a firing mechanism that includes an inner and outer barrel. An object inside the firing mechanism is propelled towards a striking surface that faces the firing mechanism. Two sensors located at predetermined points between the firing mechanism and the striking surface measure the inbound and outbound velocity of the object. A computing device then uses an algorithm to determine the COR of a given set of objects. An angular device uses gravity to direct the objects to a retrieval chute, which uses a tubing system to direct the objects for re-testing or collection.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for testing a striking-type sports implement such as a bat is disclosed. In terms of apparatus, a system according to the invention includes a bat-swinging module, a ball-delivery module, and one or more programmed computers. The bat-swinging module includes means to grip a bat at its handle end, and an independent, computer servo-controlled motor to swing the bat. The ball-delivery module includes a ball support and a second, independent, computer servo-controlled motor to place the ball into the swing of the bat along a delivery path such that the bat is able to strike the ball and cause the ball to travel along a precise trajectory path. Various sensors are disposed to measure swing speed, “pitch” speed and exit velocity, with the computer(s) being operative to construct a database of bat performance characteristics based upon swing speed, pitch speed and exit velocity, and display selected portions of the database in accordance with a user input.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a golf club head provided with a face and a body. The face has a central zone and a intermediate zone adjacent and surrounding the central zone. The central zone has a first flexural stiffness and the intermediate zone has a second flexural stiffness. The club head face is configured and dimensioned such that the first flexural stiffness is significantly greater than the second flexural stiffness such that upon ball impact with the face, the intermediate zone exhibits substantial deformation so that the central zone moves into the club head. At the same time, the central zone exhibits minimal deformation so that it moves into and out of the club head as a unit. Furthermore, the face exhibits a high coefficient of restitution.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for quantifying the stiffness of a golf ball or golf ball core under normal use conditions while also measuring the contact time, wherein an air cannon, or the like, is used to shoot an object horizontally against a block while the inbound and outbound velocities of the object are measured by two light gates separated by a given distance and the contact time is measured by optical sensors located at the block, and wherein the measured times and calculated velocities are then used to calculate the coefficient of restitution and contact time of the object.