Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a breeding method for a plant having a blue flower color with a simpler blue color development controlling technique, without requiring complex mechanisms for blue color development that have been previously presented and techniques reproducing such mechanisms. Delphinidin-based anthocyanins, in which the both 3? and 5?-positions of the anthocyanin B-ring have been glycosylated, and flavone glycosides or flavonol glycosides as copigment are made to coexist in the cells of flower organ such as petals.

Abstract: Provided are plants that express, or overexpress, type III G? protein AGG3. Such plants exhibit faster vegetative and reproductive growth, accompanied by an increase in photosynthetic efficiency. Constitutive or seed-specific expression of AGG3 in Camelina increases seed size, seed mass, and seed number per plant by 15-40%, effectively resulting in significantly higher oil yield per plant. AGG3-expressing Camelina plants also exhibit improved stress tolerance. Use of AGG3 is therefore an effective biotechnological tool to dramatically increase stress tolerance and plant yield, including oil, in agricultural and horticultural crops.

Abstract: Provided are transformed chrysanthemum plants having blue flower color, their self-fertilized progenies or cross-fertilized progenies thereof, a vegetative propagated plants thereof, and a part, a tissue or a cell of the plant body. Anthocyanin 3?,5?-O-glucosyltransferase gene (CtA3?5?GT) derived from Clitoria ternatea and flavonoid 3?,5?-hydroxylase gene derived from Campanula (CamF3?5?H) are coexpressed in chrysanthemum petals.

Abstract: A recombinant DNA construct is disclosed. When the recombinant DNA construct is expressed in a plant or a plant cell, endogenous HD-Zip class II proteins become less able to repress DNA transcription of the genes they typically regulate. The recombinant DNA construct can be expressed in plant cells to produce plants with enhanced phenotypes. Methods of making transgenic plants comprising the recombinant DNA construct, and plants produced thereby are also disclosed.

Abstract: This disclosure provides Chlamydomonas violaxanthin de-epoxidase (CVDE) gene, polypeptides, and variants thereof as well as host cells that are genetically modified to express a CVDE polypeptide or variant. The disclosure additionally provides methods of producing such a genetically modified host cell and methods of using the cells , e.g., to increase zeaxanthin production.

Abstract: Provided are methods of increasing the tolerance of a plant to abiotic stresses and/or increasing the biomass and/or increasing the yield of a plant by expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide homologous to SEQ ID NO:236, such as the polynucleotide set forth by SEQ ID NO:1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method enhancing the polyisoprenoid biosynthesis pathway. Also provided are an isoprenoid-producing plant having an overall enhanced pathway of polyisoprenoid biosynthesis, and a method of producing a polyisoprenoid using the isoprenoid-producing plant. The present invention relates to a method of regulating the expression of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase by a bZIP transcription factor.

Abstract: A method of ion mapping is disclosed comprising depositing a sample onto a target surface and separating the sample on the target surface according to a first physico-chemical property in a first dimension and according to a second physico-chemical property in a second dimension. The method further comprises ionizing and mass analyzing multiple separate regions of the sample so as to generate an ion map of at least a portion of the sample deposited upon the target surface. The sample is deposited onto and separated on the target surface by mechanical, hydrodynamic and/or aerodynamic means.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for improving fruit quality in plants that have low or reduced levels of Golden2-like (GLK) activity in the green fruit (e.g., cultivated tomato). The methods involve introgressing genes encoding functional GLKs into the plant so that they are expressed in the green fruit of the plant and thereby increase chloroplast biogenesis in the fruit. The plants of the invention have improved fruit quality, such as increased levels of starch, soluble solids, and/or sugars.

Abstract: Provided are isolated polynucleotides comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide, wherein the polypeptide modulates acidity of a plant. Also provided are nucleic acid constructs and plant cells comprising same and methods of using same for modulating acidity of a plant.

Abstract: The invention relates to nucleic acids encoding a feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase and the feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase enzyme that enables incorporation of monolignol ferulates, for example, including p-coumaryl ferulate, coniferyl ferulate, and sinapyl ferulate, into the lignin of plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nucleic acid construct having a nucleic acid molecule configured to silence ?-carotene hydroxylase expression, and host cells, expression systems, plants, and plant seeds having the nucleic acid construct. The present invention also relates to a method of enhancing beta-carotene content by growing a transgenic plant from a plant or seed transformed with the construct.

Abstract: A eukaryotic input circuit: computationally designed receptors, synthetic eukaryotic signal transduction pathways, and a synthetic signal sensitive promoter that allow highly specific transcriptional induction in response to an externally provided ligand is disclosed. The input circuit is able to specifically bind a targeted substance and transmit a signal to the nucleus where transcription of a gene is activated. An output circuit serves as a simple readout system of the substance detected by the input circuit. The readout circuit exemplified here is a degreening circuit which causes plants to turn white. Activation of the degreening circuit can be detected by eye, or remotely with a variety of machines (hand-held, aircraft or satellite based) and is also resettable. When linked the input circuit if operably linked to the output circuit, produces a functional plant detector.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel compound contained in blue rose. This novel compound, which is contained in blue rose, has a chemical structure represented by general formula (I): [wherein R1 is a group as set forth in claim 1; and R2 represents —OH, or R1 and R2 together form —O—]. Also disclosed are a rose plant containing the aforesaid compound, and a part of the same.

Abstract: Transcription factor polynucleotides and polypeptides incorporated into nucleic acid constructs, including expression vectors, have been introduced into plants and were ectopically expressed. Transgenic plants transformed with many of these constructs have been shown to be more resistant to disease (in some cases, to more than one pathogen), or more tolerant to an abiotic stress (in some cases, to more than one abiotic stress). The abiotic stress may include, for example, salt, hyperosmotic stress, water deficit, heat, cold, drought, or low nutrient conditions.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inducing gene silencing events in plants are disclosed. The compositions typical include a polynucleotide encoding an miRNA target sequence operably linked to a sequence of from a target gene, cDNA or mRNA, or fragment thereof. When expressed in the presence of an miRNA specific for the miRNA target sequence the compositions can induce production of trans-acting siRNA that silence the target of interest. Transgenic plants and preferred plant pathways that can be targeted using the disclosed methods and compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided a novel Campanula flavonoid 3?,5?-hydroxylase gene, and a plasmid comprising the gene under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to genetically modified chrysanthemum plants expressing altered inflorescence. The chrysanthemum flavonoid pathway is manipulated to produce plants with blue or violet inflorescence. Blue delphinidin pigments are produced by the expression of flavonoid 3?5? hydroxylase and (optionally) the suppression of flavonoid 3? hydroxylase activity.

Abstract: Methods and materials for modulating (e.g., increasing or decreasing) flavonoid levels in cacao plants are disclosed. For example, nucleic acids encoding flavonoid-modulating polypeptides are disclosed as well as methods for using such nucleic acids to transform plant cells. Also provided are methods for accelerating breeding of Theobroma cacao plants of the porcelana variety with modulated levels of proanthocyanidin, its precursors and it polymers, useful in various medical and skin care products. Also provided are plants having modulated flavonoid levels and plant products produced from plants having modulated flavonoid levels.

Abstract: The invention relates to plant transcription factor polypeptides, polynucleotides that encode them, homologs from a variety of plant species, and methods of using the polynucleotides and polypeptides to produce transgenic plants having advantageous properties compared to a reference plant. Sequence information related to these polynucleotides and polypeptides can also be used in bioinformatic search methods and is also disclosed.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the present invention comprises associating a marker with at least some of the seeds containing a genetic element of interest of the bulk sample, exciting the seeds using an photonic emitting device, evaluating at least some of the seeds of the bulk sample for the presence or absence of the marker, and sorting the seeds containing a genetic element of interest based on the presence or absence of the marker. In various other embodiments, the method may comprise associating a red fluorescent protein marker with at least some of the seeds containing a genetic element of interest of the bulk sample, evaluating at least some of the seeds of the bulk sample for the presence of the red fluorescent protein marker using an evaluating device, and sorting the seeds containing a genetic element of interest based on the presence of the red fluorescent protein marker.

Abstract: The application describes producing polynucleotide variants of the AtHB 17 clade members and introducing the mutant variants into plants to improve plant traits. The mutant polynucleotides encode polypeptides that comprise mutations in the EAR motifs.

Abstract: Nucleotide sequences of a Msca1 gene, critical to male fertility in plants are described, with DNA molecule and amino acid sequences set forth. Promoter sequences and their essential regions are also identified. The nucleotide sequences are useful in impacting male fertility in plants.

Abstract: Methods of, and compositions for, assembling one or more transcription units in a genome without a linked selectable marker or other unwanted transcription unit are provided. Also provided methods of, and compositions for, assembling one or more transcription units in a genome with a reduced frequency of vector backbone.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for controlling flavonoid synthesis in a chrysanthemum plant or non-chrysanthemum plant by genetic recombination technology using a transcriptional regulatory region useful for altering flower color, a method for modifying anthocyanins, a method for producing a chrysanthemum plant or non-chrysanthemum plant containing modified anthocyanins in the petals thereof, and a chrysanthemum plant or non-chrysanthemum plant, progeny thereof, or vegetatively propagated products, part or tissue thereof transformed with the regulatory region. In the method according to the present invention, an expression vector or expression cassette containing a transcriptional regulatory region of perilla anthocyanin 3-acyltransferase gene, such as a nucleic acid containing the nucleotide sequence indicated in SEQ ID NO. 1, or a transcriptional regulatory region of pansy F3?5?H gene, such as the nucleotide sequence indicated in SEQ ID NO. 15, is used.

Abstract: Transgenic plants, and a method for making the same, wherein genes encoding the enzyme luciferase and its corresponding substrate luciferin are incorporated into a native plant genome. Once transformed into plant cells, these genes may be regulated such that under certain endogenous or exogenous conditions, their expression in the mature plant results in bioluminescence. Different luciferin/luciferase complexes and/or mechanisms of regulation may be utilized for these transgenic plants, depending on a variety of factors such as plant species and the circumstances under which a biolmuniescent reaction is desired. Phototransformation may be utilized to vary the wavelength of light emitted from the mature plant.

Abstract: A mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic plant cell comprising: (i) a polynucleotide comprising, consisting or consisting essentially of a sequence encoding a neoxanthin synthase and having at least 60% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1 or SEQ ID No. 6; (ii) a polypeptide encoded by the polynucleotide set forth in (i); (iii) a polypeptide having at least 66% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 or at least 60% sequence identity to SEQ ID No. 7; or (iv) a construct, vector or expression vector comprising the isolated polynucleotide set forth in (i), and wherein the expression or activity of the neoxanthin synthase is modulated as compared to a control or wild type plant.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for identifying transgenic seed that contain a transgene of interest, but lack a marker gene. Use of an identification sequence that results in a detectable phenotype increases the efficiency of screening for seed and plants in which transgene sequences not linked to a gene of interest have segregated from the sequence encoding a gene of interest.

Abstract: The invention provides enzymes that encode O-methyltransferases (OMTs) from Medicago truncatula that allow modification to plant (iso)flavonoid biosynthetic pathways. In certain aspects of the invention, the genes encoding these enzymes are provided. The invention therefore allows the modification of plants for isoflavonoid content. Transgenic plants comprising such enzymes are also provided, as well as methods for improving disease resistance in plants. Methods for producing food and nutraceuticals, and the resulting compositions, are also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides methods, compositions and transformation systems for modifying the levels of transcription factors in plants such as Solanaceous plants, and introducing disease resistance genes into plants, to produce products with elevated levels of antioxidant compounds, including but not limited to flavonols and chlorogenic acid, as well as exhibiting enhanced disease resistance, and optionally altered appearance. Preferred plants are those in which introduced genes are from Solanaceous species.

Abstract: A nucleotide sequence encoding Flavonoid 3?-hydroxylase (F3?H) of Dendrobium, a method of producing a transgenic flower color-changed Dendrobium plant, and a transgenic flower color-changed Dendrobium plant are provided by this invention.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated S100106 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar S100106, to the plants of soybean cultivar S100106, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar S100106, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar S100106. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar S100106. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar S100106, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar S100106 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nucleic acids encoding flavonoid biosynthetic enzymes, flavonoid-regulating transcription factors and a flavonoid-specific membrane transporter in plants, and the use thereof for the modification of flavonoid biosynthesis in plants. The present invention also relates to constructs and vectors including such nucleic acids, and related polypeptides. More particularly, the protein involved in flavonoid biosynthesis is selected from the group consisting of: MADS box factor, WRKY box factor, MYC factor, TT1, HLH factor, MYB factor, FMT, UG3E, GST, OMT, RT, CYTb5, laccase, and ABC transporter proteins, and functionally active fragments and variants thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of plant molecular biology and agents useful in the manipulation of plant physiological or biochemical properties. More particularly, the present invention provides genetic and proteinaceous agents capable of modulating or altering the level of acidity or alkalinity in a cell, group of cells, organelle, part or reproductive portion of a plant. Genetically altered plants, plant parts, progeny, subsequent generations and reproductive material including flowers or flowering parts having cells exhibiting an altered cellular pH compared to a non-genetically altered plant are also provided.

Abstract: A method and computer program product for distinguishing and sort seeds containing a genetic element of interest from a bulk sample. In various embodiments, the present invention comprises associating a marker with at least some of the seeds containing a genetic element of interest of the bulk sample, exciting the seeds using an electromagnetic energy emitting device, evaluating at least some of the seeds of the bulk sample for the presence or absence of the marker using an evaluating device configured to excite a majority of the surface area of the seeds, and sorting the seeds containing a genetic element of interest based on the presence or absence of the marker.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for generating haploid organisms are described.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing lilies containing a blue pigment (delphinidin) in the petals thereof by introducing a foreign gene into lilies. The method pertaining to the present invention is a method for producing lilies containing delphinidin in the petals thereof, including the following steps: introducing, into a lily, a F3?5?H gene derived from a campanula and comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding a peptide having flavonoid 3?5?-hydroxylase (F3?5?H) activity, such as a nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 11; while also introducing a F3?H gene fragment derived from a lily and comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding a peptide having flavonoid 3?-hydroxylase activity, such as a nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 or SEQ ID NO: 16; and inhibiting the expression of endogenous F3?H expression, which acts on cyanidin synthesis in lily petals, while the F3?5?H gene that has been introduced acts to cause the synthesis of delphinidin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nucleic acids encoding flavonoid biosynthetic enzymes, flavonoid-regulating transcription factors and a flavonoid-specific membrane transporter in plants, and the use thereof for the modification of flavonoid biosynthesis in plants. The present invention also relates to constructs and vectors including such nucleic acids, and related polypeptides. More particularly, the protein involved in flavonoid biosynthesis is selected from the group consisting of TRANSPARENT TESTA 12 (TT12), TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA 1 (TTG1), TRANSPARENT TESTA 2 (TT2), TRANSPARENT TESTA 8 (TT8), Ieucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX), cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H), 4-coumaroyl:CoA-ligase (4CL); and functionally active fragments and variants thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides a transformed plant or alga with increased chlorophyll, comprising an overexpressed foreign DNA which codes for a chloroplast protein BPG2 or a homologue thereof, and a method for producing the transformed plant or alga.

Abstract: The present invention provides isolated nucleic acids encoding Ch1 d synthase, gene constructs comprising the isolated nucleic acids and cells, chloroplasts, plant tissue and whole plants ectopically expressing cyanobacterial Ch1 d synthase. The invention also provides isolated antibodies prepared using recombinant Ch1 d synthase. The antibodies and gene constructs of the invention are used to produce Ch1 d in organisms that do not normally produce Ch1 d, and to modify Ch1 d level in cyanobacterial cells, such as for modifying environmental host range and photosynthetic capacity of organisms in low light and/or red or far-red or near far-red light environments.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for the transformation of plants from the genus Allium, and transformed plants produced according to the method. Specifically, this invention relates to direct transformation of Allium leaf tissue using Agrobacterium mediated transformation, and plants regenerated from the transformed leaf tissue. In various aspects, the invention relates to a method of obtaining a transformed Allium leaf tissue and methods of obtaining a transformed Allium plant by regenerating the transformed leaf tissue.

Abstract: To provide a method for changing the flower color of a moth orchid, particularly a method for producing a moth orchid having a red or reddish flower color from a white moth orchid. A method for producing a moth orchid having a modified flower color, which comprises transfecting a moth orchid with a gene encoding a flavanone 3-hydroxylase, a gene encoding a flavonoid 3?-hydroxylase, a gene encoding a dihydroflavonol 4-reductase and a gene encoding an anthocyanidin synthase and expressing the genes.

Abstract: To provide a highly expressed F3?5?H gene, whereby a blue moth orchid can be produced and a method using the gene for producing Orchids having blue flowers. A gene encoding a flavonoid 3?,5?-hydroxylase of Commelina communis, which has an amino acid sequence depicted in SEQ ID No: 2 or an amino acid sequence having at least 90% of homology to the amino acid sequence depicted in SEQ ID No: 2. A method for producing an orchid having a blue flower, which comprises transfecting a white moth orchid with the gene, a gene encoding a dihydroflavonol 4-reductase of Torenia or Gerbera; a gene encoding a flavanone 3-hydroxylase; and a gene encoding an anthocyanidin synthase and expressing the genes.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for the modulation of epicatechin glucosyltransferase activity in plants. Increased expression of epicatechin glucosides, and ultimately anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins, in plants may be used to increase the nutritional value of food plants for both human and animal consumption. Increased proanthocyanidin content also reduces the potential for bloat in animals fed certain forage plants low in condensed tannin content.

Abstract: A method for producing a rose characterized by artificially suppressing the rose endogenous metabolic pathway and expressing the pansy gene coding for flavonoid 3?,5?-hydroxylase.

Abstract: Solanum pimpinellifolium plants which are exceptionally high in fruit lycopene content (˜300-390 ?g lycopene/g fresh fruit) are disclosed herein, which may be used in plant breeding to make the tomato plants of the present invention. The invention also discloses genetic markers, which are associated with the trait which may be used in marker-assisted selection for development of plants, lines, or varieties with the trait.

Abstract: Two sequences of a nucleic acid isolated from a cDNA library of the flowering plant Adonis aestivalis is disclosed (SEQ ID NO: 5). The first DNA sequence, referred to as AdKC28, encodes for a polypeptide (SEQ ID NO: 6) that acts in conjunction with polypeptides encoded by either one of two other closely-related Adonis aestivalis cDNAs, AdKeto1 (SEQ ID NO: 1) and AdKeto2 (SEQ ID NO: 2), to convert ?-carotene (?,?-carotene) into astaxanthin (3,3?-dihydroxy-4,4?-diketo-?, ?-carotene). A second DNA sequence, referred to as AdKCl 7 is also disclosed (FIG. 9). Together, these Adonis aestivalis cDNAs, when operably linked to promoters appropriate to the transgenic host, enable the production of astaxanthin and other carotenoids with 3-hydroxy-4-keto-?-rings in a variety of host cells and organisms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated nucleic acid molecules and their corresponding encoded polypeptides. The present invention further relates to the uses of these nucleic acid molecules and polypeptides. For example, the nucleic acid molecules and polypeptides could be used in making enzymes or used to make plants, plant cells, plant materials or seeds of a plant having such modulated growth or phenotype characteristics that are altered with respect to wild type plants grown under similar conditions.

Abstract: A eukaryotic input circuit: computationally designed receptors, synthetic eukaryotic signal transduction pathways, and a synthetic signal sensitive promoter that allow highly specific transcriptional induction in response to an externally provided ligand is disclosed. The input circuit is able to specifically bind a targeted substance and transmit a signal to the nucleus where transcription of a gene is activated. An output circuit serves as a simple readout system of the substance detected by the input circuit. The readout circuit exemplified here is a degreening circuit which causes plants to turn white. Activation of the degreening circuit can be detected by eye, or remotely with a variety of machines (hand-held, aircraft or satellite based) and is also resettable. When linked the input circuit if operably linked to the output circuit, produces a functional plant detector.

Abstract: Methods of, and compositions for, assembling one or more transcription units in a genome without a linked selectable marker or other unwanted transcription unit are provided. Also provided methods of, and compositions for, assembling one or more transcription units in a genome with a reduced frequency of vector backbone.