Abstract: A data carrier is configured to monitor the power of a received signal from a base station, and to vary its “Aloha” transmission based on the power of the received signal. The time period, or repetition frequency, associated with the Aloha transmission is controlled based on the received power, such that a higher received power provides a longer time period between transmissions. In this way, transmitters that are farther away from the base station are provided more frequent opportunities to have their transmissions received without collisions than transmitters that are closer to the base station.

Abstract: The invention relates to a network comprising a plurality of intercoupled network nodes. Controlled by a bus guardian the network nodes transmit messages during a respectively assigned time slot and receive messages from other network nodes outside this time slot. Each network node comprises a test signal generator which delivers a test signal outside the respectively assigned time slot, and includes a test signal detector which detects outside the respective time slot, after receiving a test signal from at least another network node, that there is a defective circuit portion in the assigned network node and/or in at least another network node.

Abstract: An electronic communication system for a vehicle, including a base station which is accommodated in the vehicle and at least one portable data carrier which is arranged to exchange data signals with the base station. A first coupling link is formed at least partly by the body of a user, whose skin is not required to be in physical contact with the data carrier, so that the body of the user contactlessly conducts displacement currents from the data carrier without contacting the data carrier. This permits the user to unlock a car door, or trunk, and/or start the vehicle, without using a key or having to touch a remote control device. The data carrier can be located in a briefcase and/or purse, and the ability to access the vehicle is not comprised even though there is no physical contact between the user and the data carrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a charge pump, in particular for use in a tuning system including a phase-locked loop, for generating currents, including a current amplifier, wherein the current amplifier includes a translinear circuit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a receiving circuit for receiving message signals, having a first sampler for converting the message signal into a first sampled signal by a first sampling method, having at least one second sampler connected in parallel with the first sampler for converting the message signal into a second sampled signal by a second sampling method, and having an analyzing unit for decoding the first sampled signal and/or the second sampled signal and checking them for errors.

Abstract: Line driver for a LIN-bus. The line driver has a current source output transistor (T1) for pulling down the LIN-bus wire (LB) to ground (GND). The LIN-bus wire (LB) is connected to a positive supply voltage (VBAT) through a pull-up resistor (R1). The output transistor (T1) is driven by a driver stage (DRV) in response to an input current (J1) at an input node (X). The driver stage has a further resistor (R2) connected between the gate of the output transistor (T1) and a reference terminal (GND), a reference transistor (T2) which has its source connected to the reference terminal (GND) and its drain coupled to the input node (X); the gates of the output transistor (T1) and the reference transistor (T2) are connected to an output (DAO1) of a differential amplifier (DA1) which has an inverting input (DAN1) coupled to a bias voltage source (E2) and a non-inverting input (DAP1) coupled to the input node (X).

Abstract: A frequency locked loop comprising a controllable oscillator (1) and a control signal generator (2) for generating a control signal (Sc) for the oscillator (1) from a reference signal (Sref) and an output signal (So) from the oscillator (1). The frequency locked loop is characterized in that, the control signal generator (2) comprises a first chain including a high pass filter (21) and a non-linear processing unit (22) for generating a first intermediate signal (S1) from the reference signal (Sref), a second chain including a high pass filter (23) and a non-linear processing unit (24) for generating a second intermediate signal (S2) from the output signal (So) of the controllable oscillator (1), a combination unit (25) for generating a third intermediary signal (S3) from the first (S1) and the second intermediary signal (S2), a low-pass filter (26) for providing the control signal (Sc) in response to the third intermediary signal (S3).

Abstract: For a network coupler for network users in a network comprising at least two lines, a simultaneous data and energy transfer is ensured in that the network coupler is formed in such a way that it is suitable for data transfer via the two lines (1, 2) of the network and for coupling out energy from the two lines (1, 2) of the network to which a terminal of a voltage source is coupled, in that the network coupler symmetrically couples energy into and/or out of the two lines (1,2), in that the network coupler couples the data symmetrically, differentially and inductively or capacitively into and/or out of the two lines (1, 2), and in that the network coupler symmetrically terminates the two lines (1, 2).