Abstract: In a pressure vessel having domed ends concave to the pressure, in certain situations, the space within the domes is undesirable. One or both ends may be equipped with space-filling inserts comprising multiple plates of aluminum or other light metal secured in slightly spaced parallel relationship.
Abstract: A process is provided for the treatment of tobacco which comprises the steps of: (1) contacting tobacco which contains relatively high quantities of desirable flavorants, and which may also contain relatively high quantities of materials which may produce tar and nicotine in the tobacco smoke, for example, a flavorful bright tobacco, with a stream of non-reactive gas, under conditions whereby the tobacco is heated in a temperature range from about 140.degree. to about 180.degree. C., and preferably from about 160.degree. to about 170.degree. C., for a period of time sufficient to result in a weight loss of the tobacco of from about 3 to about 10% in excess of the weight loss represented by oven volatiles as defined herein, (2) condensing volatile constituents of the resulting gaseous stream, for example, by passing the gaseous stream in contact with a surface, maintained at a temperature of from about -78.degree. C. or lower to about 30.degree. C.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 24, 1977
Date of Patent:
April 24, 1979
Assignee:
Philip Morris Incorporated
Inventors:
J. Scott Osborne, Jr., Homer A. Hartung, Joseph F. Bebbs, Jr.
Abstract: The present invention relates to brown cigarette paper having reduced gas phase constituents during pyrolysis wherein the paper which has been stained with humic acid or salts thereof is further treated by washing with water in an amount effective to reduce the amount of water-soluble alkali metal salts present in the paper.
Abstract: A cigarette perforating mechanism which operates to perforate a cigarette after the filter final assembly in a cigarette making machine. Perforating points of V design are mounted adjustably so that the points may be set to different heights to make perforations of different size thereby to obtain better control of the depth and width of point penetration. The points are arranged on an arc and are made integral in a thin strip of sheet metal which is fixed in a rolling shoe. A rolling drum rolls the cigarettes over the shoe and the height-adjusted points to perforate the cigarette with holes to a preselected depth and width assembly depending on the preselected depth to which the V-shaped perforating points are driven into the cigarette.
Abstract: This disclosure relates to a process for selectively removing and recovering potassium nitrate in a relatively pure state from tobacco, and especially from Burley tobacco stems. The process comprises the steps of (1) contacting tobacco plant parts with water to obtain an aqueous extract and a fibrous tobacco residue, (2) concentrating the extract, (3) cooling the extract, and (4) separating and recovering the potassium nitrate crystals formed therein. The denitrated aqueous extract is recombined with the fibrous tobacco residue as in making reconstituted tobacco and the like. The purified potassium nitrate is suitable without further purification to use as a fertilizer, thus eliminating costly disposal problems.
Abstract: This disclosure relates to a process for selectively removing and recovering potassium nitrate in a relatively pure state from tobacco, and especially from Burley tobacco stems. The process comprises the steps of (1) contacting tobacco plant parts with water to obtain an aqueous extract and a fibrous tobacco residue, (2) concentrating the extract, (3) cooling the extract, and (4) separating and recovering the potassium nitrate crystals formed therein. The denitrated aqueous extract is recombined with the fibrous tobacco residue as in making reconstituted tobacco and the like. The purified potassium nitrate is suitable without further purification to use as a fertilizer, thus eliminating costly disposal problems.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 21, 1976
Date of Patent:
December 26, 1978
Assignee:
Philip Morris Incorporated
Inventors:
George F. Kite, Grant Gellatly, Richard G. Uhl
Abstract: The present invention relates to reclaiming tobacco and paper from cigarettes. The apparatus of the invention entails a structural frame which carries a hopper intended to temporarily store a supply of cigarettes. Suitable conveying means connected to the frame convey the cigarettes consecutively from the hopper to sequential points of treatment. The tobacco is removed from each cigarette by an intermediate air jetting means connected to the frame at an intermediate station. Air from the jetting means is introduced into a receiving end of each cigarette as the cigarette is conveyed past the intermediate station so that the tobacco is ejected from the surrounding paper tube of the cigarette. Pneumatic aligning means connected to the frame at a first station consecutively aligns the cigarettes relative to the conveying means to assure direct proximity of the receiving end of each cigarette to the intermediate jetting means.
Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for opening packaged articles, particularly packs and cartons of cigarettes, in which such items are ripped open and broken apart sufficiently to allow the contents, e.g. tobacco, to be separated and recovered. The apparatus aspects of this invention involve a ripper fan, a recycling air leg, and a cyclone separator from which the materials are recovered for further processing.