Abstract: A process is provided to produce an aqueous composition. The process comprises shearing a mixture to produce a mini-emulsion and polymerizing said mini-emulsion in the presence of an initiator to produce the aqueous composition; wherein said mixture comprises at least one tackifier, at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, at least one surfactant, and water. The aqueous composition can be utilized to produced various articles including, but not limited to, adhesives, coatings, and laminates.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of 4,5-bisimino-[1,3]dithiolanes and 2,3-bisimino-[1,4]dithianes are described. The processes involve conversion of an oxalamide to a dithiooxalamide, followed by conversion of the dithiooxalamide to either a 4,5-bisimino-[1,3]dithiolane or a 2,3-bisimino-[1,4]dithiane.

Abstract: The present invention provides an article of manufacture having a coating or is otherwise surrounded in large measure by a second polymer which has non-blocking characteristics. In a preferred embodiment, the article possesses a core polymer which has a Tg of less than 25° C. which is coated with or otherwise surrounded by a second polymer which has a Tg of greater than 25° C., but less than 230° C. Further, preferred core polymers have a number average molecular weight of about 3000 to about 100,000. A further feature of the articles of the present invention is that when heated to temperatures of about 100 to 300° C., they undergo an ester exchange reaction to provide a substantially homogeneous polymer product useful in hot melt adhesive applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to modified alkyd polymers, and compositions made from such polymers, wherein the alkyd polymers are modified with polyol-containing latex compositions and/or diol-containing latex compositions. The invention further relates to compositions prepared from such modified alkyd compositions.

Abstract: There are described solid procatalysts, catalyst systems incorporating the solid procatalysts, and the use of the catalyst systems in olefin polymerization and interpolymerization.

Abstract: A process for stabilizing a fluorophosphite ligand in a hydroformylation reaction mixture having an &agr;-olefin, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a catalyst composition having a combination of a rhodium containing compound and one or more fluorophosphite compounds having the general formula: wherein R1 and R2 are hydrocarbyl radicals which contain a total of up to about 40 carbon atoms, the process includes the step of adding to the reaction mixture an epoxide in a sufficient amount to reduce the degradation of the fluorophosphite ligand.

Abstract: Disclosed are thermally-stable, anthraquinone colorant compounds (dyes) which contain one or more vinyl groups which render the compounds copolymerizable with reactive vinyl monomers to produce colored, polymeric compositions such as acrylate and methacrylate polymeric materials. The compounds possess good fastness (stability) to ultraviolet (UV) light, good solubility in vinyl monomers, good color strength and excellent thermal stability. Also disclosed are (1) coating composition comprising (i) one or more polymerizable vinyl compounds, (ii) one or more of the dye compounds described above, and (iii) a photoinitiator and (2) polymeric materials, i.e., polymers derived from one or more acrylic acid esters, one or more methacrylic acid esters, one or more other polymerizable vinyl compounds or mixtures of any two or more thereof, having copolymerized therein one or more of the anthraquinone colorant compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the recovery of crystalline terephthalic acid containing less than about 150 ppmw p-toluic acid by subjecting a solution of terephthalic acid containing minor amounts of p-toluic acid to crystallization in a crystallization zone comprising a plurality of series-connected crystallizers wherein the solution is subjected to rate-controlled evaporative cooling by sequential reduction in pressure and temperature to cause crystallization of terephthalic acid, wherein the pressure of the solution at the end of the crystallization zone is about ambient pressure or less. Solvent which is evaporated from the crystallizers is collected and condensed and the condensed solvent is returned to the crystallization zone at a point subsequent to the crystallizer from which it was obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to highly enantiomerically pure lactam-substituted propanoic acid derivatives and methods of making and using therefor. The invention involves a multi-step synthesis to produce the lactam compounds. In one step of the reaction sequence, asymmetric hydrogenation of a lactam-enamide was performed to produce an intermediate that can ultimately be converted to a series of pharmaceutical compounds. The invention also contemplates the in situ synthesis of an intermediate of the multi-step synthesis, which provides economic advantages to the overall synthesis of the lactam compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of amines by continuously feeding a carboxamide, aqueous alkaline hypohalite, and aqueous alkaline hydroxide to a first reaction zone to form a N-halocarboxamide, measuring the concentration of at least one reaction component in the effluent from the first reaction zone, and using the result of that measurement to control the feed rate of at least one of the feed components of to achieve at least 90% conversion of the carboxamide in the first reaction zone. The effluent from the first reaction zone is fed continuously to a second reaction zone where it further reacts to form an aqueous solution of an amine. The effluent from the second reaction zone may be fed continuously to a distillation column. The process is particularly useful for the preparation of cyclopropylamine.

Abstract: Self-crosslinking aqueous coating compositions are disclosed comprising a water-dispersible alkyd having both sulfonate and acetoacetate functionality, a suitable bi- or poly-functional primary amine, and a monofunctional primary or cycloaliphatic secondary amine. The crosslinking of the composition includes oxidative curing via the fatty acid segments of the alkyd, and crosslinking via reaction between the acetoacetate groups of the alkyd and the primary amine groups of the polyfunctional amine. The aqueous alkyd systems disclosed do not require the presence of amines for the purpose of dispersing the alkyds, while exhibiting superior tack-free and through-dry times when used in coating compositions. Performance levels are achieved that heretofore had required increases in molecular weight and Tg, with a concomitant increase in VOC levels. Also disclosed are methods of making the inventive compositions.

Abstract: There are described a process for preparing catalyst components comprising vanadium, titanium, electron donor and magnesium chloride, supported or unsupported; catalyst systems incorporating the catalyst components; and the use of the catalyst systems in olefin polymerizations and interpolymerizations.

Abstract: A food wrap formed from polyvinyl chloride, at least one stabilizer, and a plasticizer in an amount of 10-60 parts per hundred parts polyvinyl chloride. The plasticizer may be present in an amount of 30-55 parts per hundred parts polyvinyl chloride. The plasticizer includes dioctyl terephthalate. Dioctyl adipate or another plasticizer may be used with dioctyl terephthalate. In this case, the plasticizer may contain 20 to 80 wt. % dioctyl terephthalate, or more specifically 20 to 60 wt. % dioctyl terephthalate. The food wrap may have a thickness of 1 to 80 mils. According to a method of wrapping food, the food wrap is applied to a food article. According to a method of forming the food wrap, polyvinyl chloride is combined with the plasticizer to form a mixture. The mixture is heated and fused. Then, a film is formed from the fused mixture.

Abstract: There are described solid procatalysts, catalyst systems incorporating the solid procatalysts, and the use of the catalyst systems in olefin polymerization and interpolymerization.

Abstract: The present invention recites a process for the of 2,5-dimethoxy-benzaldehyde by reacting a 2-hydroxy-5 methoxy-benzaldehyde with a suitable metal hydroxide in the presence of a suitable solvent to make a metal salt of 2-hydroxy-5-methoxy benzaldehyde comprising. The invention further provides a method for alkylating said metal salts with dimethylsulfate in the presence of a suitable solvent so as to provide a 2,5-dimethoxy benzaldehyde.

Abstract: A process for recovering a desired organic acid from a solution includes the steps of: providing an aqueous solution including at least one desired organic acid or its acid anion; adjusting the proton concentration in the aqueous solution to a desired level, with the desired proton concentration being selected, at least in part, by the amount of available protons needed to associate with the acid anions of the desired organic acid(s) to be recovered and/or acid anions that are weaker than the desired organic acids; and recovering at least a portion of the at least one desired organic acid from the aqueous phase. The desired proton concentration can be based on the amount of available protons being greater than, less than or substantially equal, to the amount of protons needed to associate with the anion of the desired organic acid(s) and acid anions that are weaker than the desired organic acid(s).

Abstract: The present invention provides chemical processes for the preparation of disaccharide and trisaccharide C6 to C12 fatty acid esters having a high alpha content. Yet still further, the invention provides materials prepared by the processes disclosed herein.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to an epoxy/alkylation-type hydrocarbon resin alloy comprising an epoxy resin, an alkylation-type hydrocarbon resin, and a curative. The alkylation-type hydrocarbon resin is characterized as a product formed by an alkylation reaction between a cyclic diolefin and aromatic solvent. A particularly effective alkylation-type hydrocarbon resin in this invention is the alkylation resin formed by the reaction of dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) with alkylnaphthalene solvent. The alkylation-type hydrocarbon resin can be readily dissolved into various epoxy resins and easily processed into resin impregnated glass cloth prepreg for ultimate conversion into electronic laminate products. These epoxy/alkylation-type hydrocarbon resin alloys retain high Tg values with minimal increase in thermal expansion.

Abstract: A catalyst for the polymerization of olefins is disclosed. The catalyst comprises a complex comprising (a) a ligand of the formula X, (b) a group 8-10 transition metal, and optionally (c) a Bronsted or Lewis acid, wherein R1 and R6 are each, independently, hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, or silyl; N represents nitrogen; and A and B1 are each, independently, a heteroatom connected mono-radical wherein the connected heteroatom is selected from Group 15 or 16 of the Periodic Table; in addition, A and B1 may be linked to each other by a bridging group. The complex is attached to a solid support. The solid support, the Bronsted or Lewis acid, and the complex may be combined in any order to form the catalyst. A process for making the catalyst is also described. Olefin polymerization and copolymerization processes are also described.

Abstract: A composition comprising a boron or aluminum containing neutral Lewis acid and a compound of formula I or Ia: wherein R1 and R2 are each independently hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, or silyl; Q is (i) C—R4, where R4 is hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heteroatom connected hydrocarbyl, or heteroatom connected substituted hydrocarbyl, (ii) P(NH2)2, or (iii) S(NH)(NH2) or S(O)(OH); L is a monoolefin or a neutral Lewis base that can be displaced by a monoolefin; T is hydrogen, hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl, or with L forms a &pgr;-allyl group; and M is Ni(II), Pd(II), Co(II) or Fe(II). The composition is useful as an olefin polymerization catalyst. Also described is a process for preparing a supported catalyst.