Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing pyrogallol by dehydrogenation of cyclohexane-1,2,3-triol in the presence of a platinum group metal catalyst in an inert gas stream. The catalyst contains, as modifier, (a) at least one alkali metal salt and/or (b) at least one member selected from the group consisting of gold, tellurium, silver, arsenic, selenium, indium, antimony, bismuth, copper and zinc, with the Pd-Te catalyst being preferred. The catalyst ingredients are supported on a carrier. The process gives high selectivity of pyrogallol.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2-methyl-2-sec.butyl-1,3-propanediol comprising hydroformylating 2-methyl-1-butene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a first catalyst to form the substance 3-methyl-pentanal, condensing said substance with formaldehyde, or a compound which forms formaldehyde under the conditions of condensation in a basic medium to form alpha-sec.butyl-acrolein, partially hydrogenating said acrolein in the presence of a second catalyst to form the material 2,3-dimethyl pentanal, and converting said material into said diol by treatment with formaldehyde, or a compound which forms formaldehyde under the conditions of conversion, in the presence of a strong base as a third catalyst.The compound of the present invention is useful as an intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals and drugs; in particular, the production of carbamates which are useful as tranquilizers and blood pressure lowering agents.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a residual quantity of toner remaining in the supply hopper of a copying machine includes a piezoelectric vibrating element disposed in a wall of the hopper and having a surface normally positioned in contact with toner in the hopper, and an electronic circuit for causing vibration of the element at a predetermined frequency and for detecting changes in operating characteristics of the element as representative of a decrease in the amount of toner in the hopper to operate a warning device.

Abstract: A method of controlling image density in an electrophotographic copying machine includes operating a first detector to measure the density of a blank region on a photosensitive member, operating a second detector to measure the density of a reference toner image formed on a portion of the blank region, comparing the measured densities of the blank region and the reference toner image, and controlling the density of a developed image of an original in accordance with the results of the comparison. An apparatus in accordance with the invention includes a pair of optical density detecting sensors positioned in opposition to the photosensitive member and in juxtaposition to each other in the direction transverse to the direction of movement of the member.

Abstract: A photographic yellow coupler having a general formula selected from the group consisting of (I), (II) and (III) ##STR1## wherein A is a yellow coupler residue defined by removing one hydrogen atom of a active methylene group from a yellow coupler having the active methylene group; Q is a group having a formula selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## and ##STR3## (where X and Y are individually a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, acyl, aryl or aralkyl group; Z is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group; and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are individually a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group or both of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together may form a benzylidene group or a cycloalkyl group); and Q' is a group of the formula --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or ##STR4## (wherein R.sub.3 is a hydrogen or halogen atom or an alkoxy group; R.sub.4 is a hydrogen or halogen atom, an amino, acylamino, ureido, lower alkyl, alkoxy or hydroxy group; and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are individually a lower alkyl group).

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting the amount of toner in the supply hopper of an electrophotographic copying machine includes a transmitting element in the hopper for generating an ultrasonic acoustic wave and a receiving element in the hopper in operative relation to the transmitting element for receiving the ultrasonic acoustic wave reflected from toner in the hopper, the magnitude of the reflected wave being representative of the level of toner contained in the hopper.

Abstract: Foamable copolymers and copolymer mixtures comprising 35% to 98% by weight ethylene, 1% to 30% by weight vinyl alcohol, 1% to 30% by weight acrylic acid esters of secondary or tertiary alcohols, and 0 to 5% by weight vinyl ester are disclosed. All percentages are based upon the total weight of the copolymer or mixture. Methods of foaming such materials, foamed materials made therefrom, and methods of preparation thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus for removable insertion in an electrophotographic copying machine includes an exhaust cylinder having an opening at an end portion thereof and a conveyor in the cylinder operable for carrying particulate developer through the cylinder to the opening thereof. A shutter having a second opening is movable with respect to the cylinder between a first position in which the shutter closes the cylinder opening and a second position in which the openings of the shutter and cylinder are aligned, a bias spring being effective to normally maintain the shutter in its first position. When the apparatus is inserted in a copying machine, the cylinder end portion is inserted into a hopper for receiving particulate developer, causing the shutter to move to its second position in which the openings are aligned to permit movement of developer into the hopper from the exhaust cylinder.

Abstract: Crude 6-[D-2-(D-2-amino-3-N-methylcarbamoyl-propionamido)-2-p-hydroxyphenylaceta mido]penicillanic acid can be purified by the steps of:(A) contacting an aqueous solution of 6-[D-2-(D-2-amino-3-N-methylcarbamoyl-propionamido)-2-p-hydroxyphenylaceta mido]-penicillanic acid with a nonpolar, macroporous styrenedivinylbenzyl copolymer adsorption resin to adsorb 6-[D-2-(D-2-amino-3-N-methylcarbamoyl-propionamido)-2-p-hydroxyphenylaceta mido]penicillanic acid on the resin,(B) eluting the adsorbed 6-[D-2-(D-2-amino-3-N-methylcarbamoyl-propionamido)-2-p-hydroxyphenylaceta mido]penicillanic acid with water or a mixture of water and a water-miscible organic solvent,and then(C) isolating pure 6-[D-2-(D-2-amino-3-N-methylcarbamoyl-propionamido)-2-p-hydroxyphenylaceta mido]penicillanic acid from the eluates.

Abstract: Mono-azo compounds and mono-azo dyes represented by the following general formula and a dyeing process for polyester fibers using the mono-azo dyes: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 individually represent hydrogen atom, substituted or non-substituted alkyl group, alkenyl group and cyclohexyl group, R.sup.3 represents hydrogen atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, alkyl group, substituted or non-substituted alkoxy group or alkenyl group and R.sup.4 represents hydrogen atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, alkyl group, alkoxy group, hydroxy group, acylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aralkyloxycarbonylamino group or alkylaminocarbonylamino group.

Abstract: A film magazine is provided with a peripheral surface carrying at least one photoelectrically discriminatable strip-like mark indicative of the sensitivity of film contained within the magazine, and a photographic camera having a shutter operating circuit automatically adjustable in accordance with the sensitivity of photographic film contained within such a film magazine inserted into the camera includes photoelectric discriminating means located in the camera for discriminatably reading the at least one strip-like mark on the film magazine when placed in the magazine chamber.

Abstract: Seed crystals of an optically active enantiomer of any one of p-hydroxyphenylglycine benzenesulfonate, p-hydroxyphenylglycine p-ethylbenzenesulfonate, p-hydroxyphenylglycine o-toluenesulfonate or p-hydroxyphenylglycine sulfosalicylate are added to a supersaturated solution of the racemic modification of the corresponding p-hydroxyphenylglycine salt. Crystallization of the optically active enantiomer results. Then, the crystals are recovered. Alternatively, crystals of the optically active enantiomer may be added to a hot solution of the racemic modification of the corresponding p-hydroxyphenylglycine salt to produce a supersaturated solution thereof. The solution is then cooled to crystallize out the optically active enantiomer. Optically active p-hydroxyphenylglycine benzenesulfonate, optically active p-hydroxyphenylglycine p-ethylbenzenesulfonate, optically active p-hydroxyphenylglycine o-toluenesulfonate or optically active p-hydroxyphenylglycine sulfosalicylate is thereby obtained.

Abstract: A self-propelled cleaning device with wireless remote control includes a body, a driving device on the body for moving the same rotatably about its axis or in a straight line along the underlying ground surface, and a vacuum cleaning device carried on the body with its suction port open to the underside thereof. The cleaning device normally rotates on its axis at a stationary or fixed location on the underlying surface for concentrated spot cleaning of the underlying surface. The wireless remote control is effective to change the operative mode of the cleaning device from stationary rotation to straight-line travel.

Abstract: Increased intracranial pressure in warm-blooded animals is reduced by administering to the warm-blooded animals a therapeutically effective amount of a propanol derivative of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is alkyl having one to 4 carbon atoms and Ring A is phenyl, halogenophenyl, methylphenyl or trifluoromethylphenyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition useful for making a photosensitive lithographic printing plate are made from a condensation product of sulfonylchloride of o-benzoquinone diazide or o-naphthoquinone diazide and a polyhydric phenol resin obtained by condensing a polyhydric phenol such as resorcinol with a benzaldehyde, an acetophenone, or a benzophenone.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition useful for making a photosensitive lithographic printing plate are made from a condensation product of sulfonyl chloride of o-benzoquinone diazide or o-naphthoquinone diazide and a polyhydric phenol resin obtained by condensing a polyhydric phenol such as 2-methyl resorcinol with an aldehyde or ketone.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for directly measuring the interior temperature of a pressurized reactor includes a temperature sensor movable along a measurement channel between a measurement position within the reactor and a retracted position outside the reactor, a drive system for selectively reciprocating the sensor along the channel, and a device in the channel intermediate the measurement and retracted positions for closing the channel when the sensor is at the retracted position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for forming a yellow color image which requires contacting exposed silver halide grain with a developer in the presence of a particular yellow coupler.

Abstract: A photographic element for color diffusion transfer which includes a timing layer comprising a polymeric latex made up of (1) a conjugated diene monomer, (2) and ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer or salt, and (3) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, which monomers are within certain percentage ranges.