Abstract: Anti-reflective coating materials for ultraviolet photolithography include at least one absorbing compounds and at least one pH tuning agent that are incorporated into spin-on materials. Suitable absorbing compounds are those that absorb around wavelengths such as 365 nm, 248 nm, 193 nm and 157 nm that may be used in photolithography. Suitable pH tuning agents not only adjust the pH of the final spin-on composition, but also influence the chemical performance and characteristics, mechanical performance and structural makeup of the final spin-on composition that is part of the layered material, electronic component or semiconductor component, such that the final spin-on composition is more compatible with the resist material that is coupled to it. A method of making absorbing and pH tuned spin-on materials includes combining at least one organic absorbing compound and at least one pH tuning agent with at least one silane reactant during synthesis of the spin-on materials and compositions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a modular room with rectangular floor space, a roof and side walls of a skeletal framework construction with sections, which is designed in such a way that it can be easily assembled, disassembled and connected to other modular rooms. The floor space is formed of a foundation consisting of grid-shaped floor plates, which form partial floor sections of the foundation. Furthermore, the modular room exhibits a support or spine portion that is attached to the roof at its top end and is attached to the foundation at its bottom end.

Abstract: A two-way vehicle communication system has been developed that includes at least one vehicle, at least one vehicle data collection point, at least one operations data supply system, and at least one data communication system, wherein the data communication system is operatively coupled to the at least one vehicle, the at least one vehicle data collection point, the at least one operations data supply system or a combination thereof. A method of monitoring a vehicle using a two-way vehicle communication system has been developed that includes: providing at least one vehicle, providing at least one vehicle data collection point, providing at least one operations data supply system, and providing at least one data communication system, wherein the data communication system is operatively coupled to and communicates with the at least one vehicle, the at least one vehicle data collection point, the at least one operations data supply system or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Gate removal assemblies are disclosed herein that include a stabilizing assembly; an adjustment assembly coupled to the stabilizing assembly; and a releasing assembly coupled to the adjustment assembly. Gate rack assemblies are also disclosed that includes a coupling mechanism, and at least one support mechanism. Gate removal systems are disclosed herein and include at least one gate removal assembly, and at least one gate rack assembly. In some embodiments, gate removal systems further include a gate removal assembly caddy.

Abstract: A coating material is described herein that includes at least one inorganic compound, and at least one densifying agent, wherein the densifying agent increases the density of the coating material as compared to the density of the at least one inorganic compound. A method of producing a coating material is described herein that includes: providing at least one inorganic compound, providing at least one densifying agent, combining the at least one inorganic compound with the at least one densifying agent to form the coating material, wherein the densifying agent increases the density of the coating material as compared to the density of the at least one inorganic compound.

Abstract: Flame-retarding additives that may also have insulating properties are disclosed that include at least one carbonate salt, and at least one additional salt, active ingredient or combination thereof. In addition, methods of forming flame-retarding additives are disclosed that include providing at least one carbonate salt, providing at least one additional salt, active ingredient or combination thereof; and combining the at least one carbonate salt along with the at least one additional salt, active ingredient or combination thereof to form the flame-retarding additive. Flame-retarding additives disclosed may also comprise at least one filler material, including sand or white sand. These additives may also be included in paints and a number of processed building materials.

Abstract: A method for containing and cleaning up oil or other contaminants from an area of water containing mixture of ice and water is disclosed. A net having at least one folded extension is deployed into an area of water and ice to encircle at least a portion of the contaminant spill. The ends of the net are attached to each other in contaminant resistant way to contain the contaminant in the net. The folded extension is deployed to an unfolded configuration. The net is the then pursed up using the extension to control the contaminant in the net. The contaminant is pumped out of the net as needed to allow the net to continue to be pursed up to a smaller and smaller area.

Abstract: A housing for an elongate electrodeless bulb which is energiseable by an rf field such as a microwave field, preferably at or around 2.45 GHz. The housing is constructed of electrically conductive material and is arranged to have a substantially unobstructed opening through which the bulb is visible from outside the housing, and the housing is arranged to hold the bulb in a position which is recessed into the housing such that in use, the bulb is energized by virtue of its position within the housing and adjacent surrounding conductive parts of the housing substantially attenuate the rf field near the opening so that the rf field strength outside the housing is substantially zero whereby visible light or UV light is freely allowed out through the opening.

Abstract: Graffiti removal compositions has been developed and are disclosed that when coupled with reliable methods: a) consistently removes graffiti and other unwanted or undesirable paint, inks or permanent markers from a surface, b) is packaged such that it is easily transported, c) is easy to use and requires no additional on-site additives or special equipment, and d) utilizes less harmful chemicals and lower concentrations of chemicals that may be considered harmful. Graffiti removal compositions are described that include: at least one alcohol-based compound, at least one aromatic compound, at least one halogenated compound, at least one hydrocarbon; and at least one lactam-based compound.

Abstract: A music modification system is provided and described herein, which includes: a) a computer, b) a music element library, c) at least one part-score database, d) a software code that executes a music modification system on the computer, wherein the music modification system accesses or manipulates the information in the music element library and accesses the at least one part-score database, and e) a graphical or audio user interface that is coupled to the computer. Methods of modifying a musical score or piece are described herein and include: a) providing a music element library, b) providing at least one part-score database, wherein the database comprises at least one music score, at least one music pieces, at least one music part or a combination thereof, c) providing an executable music modification system, and d) utilizing the music modification system and the music element library to modify at least part of the at least one part-score database.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for converting sludges, wastes or a combination thereof to biosolids, including a) at least one heated air system, b) at least one trough arrangement, c) at least one auger system, wherein the at least one auger system is situated in the at least one trough arrangement to form a conveyor system, and d) at least one heat box enclosing at least part of the conveyor system.

Abstract: A pre-fiber gel material is described herein that includes: a) at least one amide-based and/or polyamide-based composition; and b) at least one lactam gelling agent, wherein the gel composition has sufficient viscosity and sufficient cohesiveness upon the mixing of the at least one amide-based or polyamide-based polymer and the at least one lactam gelling agent that the composition can be spun into a fiber. In addition, methods are provided herein that teach that the production of a pre-fiber gel composition, including: a) providing at least one amide-based compound; b) providing at least one lactam gelling agent; and c) mixing the at least one amide-based polymer and the at least one lactam gelling agent such that there is sufficient viscosity and sufficient cohesiveness in the composition so that it can be spun into a fiber.

Abstract: The invention includes coil constructions configured for utilization in PVD chambers, and also includes methods of forming coil constructions suitable for utilization in PVD chambers. The coil constructions can include one or more cup projections extending from an outer periphery of a coil body. The cup projections are one-piece with the coil body, and have a recess extending therein with a projecting lip extending entirely around the recess. The cup projections further comprise a fastener receiver within the recess configured to receive a fastener for connecting the coil with the chamber. The methods of forming the coil construction can include identifying separate components of an assembly associated with a coil replacement kit, and forming a one-piece construction which can be substituted for at least two of the components.

Abstract: The invention includes backing plates having coolant deflectors with at least a portion of each of the deflectors being nonlinear. Projections projecting from the backing plate are configured to insert into openings within a sputtering target. The invention includes targets having at least one opening to receive a fastener extending into the target through a back surface. The invention includes a target assembly having projections projecting from the backing plate and insertable within openings within the target. The invention includes a target assembly having a plurality of coolant deflectors disposed between the target and the backing plate. A segment of each of the deflectors is nonlinear. The invention includes methods of cooling a target. Coolant deflectors are disposed within a gap between the target and a backing plate with coolant deflectors being nonlinear along at least a portion of their length.

Abstract: Anti-reflective coating materials for deep ultraviolet photolithography include one or more organic light-absorbing compounds incorporated into spin-on-glass materials. Suitable absorbing compounds are strongly absorbing over wavelength ranges around wavelengths such as 365 nm, 248 nm, and 193 nm that may be used in photolithography. A method of making absorbing spin-on-glass materials includes combining one or more organic absorbing compounds with alkoxysilane or halosilane reactants during synthesis of the spin-on-glass materials.