Abstract: A vented cup ballistic separation device and method of use for achieving rapid separation of a suspension of fluidized solid particulate and gasiform material. The vented cup ballistic separation apparatus is useful in a wide variety of vapor-solid contacting devices where rapid separation of solids from vapor is desired e.g. in fluidized catalytic cracking systems. The vented cup ballistic separation apparatus particularly comprises annular chamber about the outer periphery of an open ended riser conduit. The annular chamber is open in the upper end and one or more open end conduits extend outwardly from the annular chamber to provide means for discharging vapors and also for attachment of cyclone separation means if desired. The riser with vented cup or annular chamber preferably terminates within a larger diameter chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating solids and vapors from a suspension of the two materials is disclosed. The solids are directed through a conoid element to enhance directional flow and to prevent return of solids to the separation apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition and method from making coal water slurries containing carbon black. A composition disclosed comprises: 65 to 85% by weight coal particulates; 0.2 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of dry coal, of carbon black, and optionally 0.2 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the dry coal, of a dispersant.

Abstract: Solids e.g. catalysts are separated from suspensions in gases e.g. products from catalytic cracking of crude oil fractions a discharging of suspensions against a surface positioned above the outlet of a riser conduit through which the suspensions are flowing and collecting the displaced gases for passage to cyclones.

Abstract: An apparatus for upgrading residual portions of crude oils comprising metal contaminants and Conradson Carbon contributing components by the combination of thermal visbreaking with fluid inert solids and catalytic upgrading of naphtha and higher boiling components of thermal visbreaking in separate systems of riser conversion and solids regeneration includes an external solids heat exchange apparatus arrangement utilized to partially cool hot regenerated solids utilized in the solids regeneration systems.

Abstract: In an apparatus for the regeneration of fluid cracking catalyst, the catalyst is cooled in a heat exchanger mounted to the lower side of the regenerator and cool catalyst is returned to the regenerator by means of a separate gas lift.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon cracking catalyst comprises rare earth exchanged "Y" zeolite which has been further ion exchanged to enhance the yttrium content. The catalyst is employed in a fluid catalytic cracking process to maximize gasoline.

Abstract: Apparatus is described for a non-plugging gas distribution system supplying fluidizing gas to a fluid bed undergoing cooling.

Abstract: Apparatus is described for a non-plugging gas distribution system supplying fluidizing gas to a fluid bed undergoing cooling.

Abstract: In a process apparatus for the regeneration of fluid cracking catalyst, the catalyst is cooled in an exchanger mounted to the lower side of the regenerator and cool catalyst is returned to the regenerator by means of gas lift.

Abstract: An aromatic gasoline component is prepared in a multi-step petroleum refining process starting with a heavy carbometallic petroleum fraction which is catalytically cracked to yield a light catalytic cycle oil which, in turn, is mildly hydrogenated to produce a partially saturated bicyclic hydrocarbon fraction which itself is catalytically cracked to yield a monoaromatic hydrocarbon fraction from which is recovered a gasoline product. The bicyclic hydrocarbons are converted to monoaromatics by selective partial saturation and ring scission.

Abstract: A combination process is described for upgrading residual oils and high boiling portions thereof comprising metal contaminants and high boiling Conradson carbon forming compounds comprising a thermal visbreaking operation with fluidizable inert solids followed by a fluidized zeolite catalytic cracking operation processing demetallized products of the visbreaking operation, regenerating solid particulate of each operation under conditions to provide CO rich flue gases relied upon to generate steam used in each of the fluidized solids conversion operation and downstream product separation arrangements, separating the wet gas product stream of each operation in a common product recovery arrangement and processing the high boiling feed product of visbreaking comprising up to 100 ppm Ni+V metal contaminant over a recycled crystalline zeolite cracking catalyst distributed in a sorbent matrix material comprising a high level of Ni+V metal contaminant.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for separating regenerated catalyst from gaseous combustion products within a regenerator. The apparatus comprises a downcomer within the regenerator vessel through which the catalyst and gaseous combustion products flow. Means are provided at the lower end of the downcomer for utilizing the momentum of the catalyst particles to separate them from the gaseous combustion products.

Abstract: Contaminating metals including nickel, vanadium, iron and copper are deposited on a fluid cracking catalyst during the processing of carbo-metallic containing oils such as residual oils, reduced crudes or topped crudes. These contaminating metals lead to undesirous side reactions such as dehydrogenation, coking and methyl group removal which adversely affect conversion and gasoline selectively. Furthermore vanadia deactivates the crystalline zeolite component of the catalyst in addition to causing catalyst agglomeration because of its pentoxide melting point by treatment with a reducing gas such as ammonia. The ammonia is added as ammonia or in the presence of diluents such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, flue gas, fuel gas and steam. The reaction of ammonia with vanadium produces vanadium nitride which is water insoluble and facilitates the disposal of high vanadium containing spent of deactivated catalyst by landfill techniques.

Abstract: Passivation of vanadium accumulated on catalyst, e.g. crystalline zeolite hydrocarbon conversion catalyst in the rare earth and/or ammonia exchanged zeolite form, effectively minimizes the degrading characteristics of accumulated vanadium on the catalyst. The passivation is accomplished by impregnating or, preferable, precipitating, rare earths, e.g. lanthanum, onto the catalyst particles before and/or after vanadium accumulation. The process is also applicable to inert sorbent particles, e.g. those used for removing carbon and metals from contaminated hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method and sequence of processing steps within an apparatus arrangement comprising two separate fluidized relatively dense catalyst beds undergoing regeneration to remove carbonaceous deposits wherein catalyst particles are circulated between catalyst beds to transfer heat from one bed to another and transfer partially regenerated catalyst from one bed to a second heat generating catalyst bed, said catalyst regeneration system arranged to maintain a desired heat balanced temperature restriction less than 787.degree. C. (1450.degree. F.) and the generation of a CO.sub.2 rich flue gas with utilization thereof to achieve reaction with carbon form carbon monoxide under endothermic reaction temperature conditions.